What is cancer? l Cancer is a group of several diseases caused by the abnormal growth of cells.

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1 Cancer Biology

2 What is cancer? l Cancer is a group of several diseases caused by the abnormal growth of cells.

3 What is cancer? l Cancer is a group of several diseases caused by the abnormal growth of cells. l Growth destroys surrounding tissue and interferes with proper cell function.

4 What is cancer? l Cancer is a group of several diseases caused by the abnormal growth of cells. l Growth destroys surrounding tissue and interferes with proper cell function. l Cancer cells are called malignant cells.

5 Tumors l Mass of cells formed by cells dividing too quickly

6 Tumors l Mass of cells formed by cells dividing too quickly l Benign tumors Not caused by cancer Do not metastasize (spread to other parts of the body) Usually does not grow back when removed

7 Tumors l Mass of cells formed by cells dividing too quickly l Benign tumors Not caused by cancer Do not metastasize (spread to other parts of the body) Usually does not grow back when removed l Malignant tumors Cancer Will metastasize if not treated

8 Cause of Cancer l Genetic mutations l Exposure to carcinogens Cancer causing substances

9 Cause of Cancer l Genetic mutations l Exposure to carcinogens Cancer causing substances l Over exposure to radiation l Toxic substances in cigarettes and alcohol

10 Symptoms l Fatigue

11 Symptoms l Fatigue l Unexplained weight loss

12 Symptoms l Fatigue l Unexplained weight loss l Night sweats

13 Symptoms l Fatigue l Unexplained weight loss l Night sweats l Cough

14 Symptoms l Fatigue l Unexplained weight loss l Night sweats l Cough l Blood found in vomit, urine, or feces

15 Symptoms l Fatigue l Unexplained weight loss l Night sweats l Cough l Blood found in vomit, urine, or feces l Persistent pain

16 Symptoms l Fatigue l Unexplained weight loss l Night sweats l Cough l Blood found in vomit, urine, or feces l Persistent pain l Sores in mouth

17 Symptoms l Fatigue l Unexplained weight loss l Night sweats l Cough l Blood found in vomit, urine, or feces l Persistent pain l Sores in mouth l Painless sores

18 Symptoms l Fatigue l Unexplained weight loss l Night sweats l Cough l Blood found in vomit, urine, or feces l Persistent pain l Sores in mouth l Painless sores l Growths on the skin

19 Diagnosis l Talk with a doctor about lifestyle issues, exposure to radiation, or chemicals and family history.

20 Diagnosis l Talk with a doctor about lifestyle issues, exposure to radiation, or chemicals and family history. l Variety of tests can be used to determine if cancer is present.

21 Biopsy l The removal of a tumor which is then studied in a laboratory for signs of cancer

22 MRI l Magnetic Resonance Imaging l Uses magnets and radiation to detect abnormalities in the structure and function of organs.

23 CT Scan l Also known as CAT Scan l Computed Axial Tomography l Creates cross section views using small amounts of radiation to view particular organs to detect abnormalities.

24 X-Ray l Picture of hard tissues of the body using low dose of radiation to view particular organs to detect abnormalities.

25 Treatment l Surgically remove the tumor l Radiation therapy Uses x-rays, gamma rays, or other rays to shrink the tumor l Chemotherapy Use of drugs to kill cancer cells

26 Side Effects of Treatment l Kills healthy cells

27 Side Effects of Treatment l Kills healthy cells l Loss of hair

28 Side Effects of Treatment l Kills healthy cells l Loss of hair l Nausea

29 Side Effects of Treatment l Kills healthy cells l Loss of hair l Nausea l Vomiting

30 Side Effects of Treatment l Kills healthy cells l Loss of hair l Nausea l Vomiting l Skin changes

31 Side Effects of Treatment l Kills healthy cells l Loss of hair l Nausea l Vomiting l Skin changes l Anemia

32 Side Effects of Treatment l Kills healthy cells l Loss of hair l Nausea l Vomiting l Skin changes l Anemia l Fatigue

33 Side Effects of Treatment l Kills healthy cells l Loss of hair l Nausea l Vomiting l Skin changes l Anemia l Fatigue l Loss of appetite

34 Prevention l Healthy lifestyle Healthy weight, exercising, and eating a diet of whole natural foods. l Avoid smoking l Avoid consuming excessive amounts of alcohol l Avoid overexposure to the sun l Avoid eating a lot of meats and processed foods

35 Is there a definite cure for cancer? l No. l Some cancers are more receptive to treatments while others are not

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