1. (a. Homeostasis / b. Feedback) is a state of constancy of conditions inside the human body

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1 PLEASE BE AWARE CONTENT COVERED ON EXAMS VARIES FROM ONE SEMESTER TO ANOTHER. THIS EXAM MAY NOT CONTAIN MATERIAL THAT WILL BE ON YOUR EXAM THIS SEMESTER, AND/OR MAY CONTAIN MATERIAL THAT WILL NOT BE COVERED ON YOUR EXAM. P215 Basic Mammalian Physiology Summer 2003 Lecture Exam #1 NAME I recommend that you mark answers on the exam form first, then fill out the answer sheet when you have completed the exam. Fill out your answer sheets carefully and avoid erasing answers. You will have 75 min to complete this exam. Good luck! A. Either/Or Questions (2 points each, 28 points total). Mark your answer sheet with the letter for the appropriate answer to make the statement true. 1. (a. Homeostasis / b. Feedback) is a state of constancy of conditions inside the human body 2. (a. Aerobic / b. Anaerobic) respiration occurs entirely within the cytosol. 3. Gametes undergo a form of cell division called (a. mitosis / b. meiosis). 4. (a. Stratified / b. Simple) eptithelial tissues have more than one cell layer. 5. (a. Exocrine / b. Endocrine) glands possess ducts. 6. (a. ATP / b. NADH) is a high energy electron carrier molecule formed during glycolysis and the Krebs cycle. 7. During (a. transcription / b. translation), amino acids are linked together to form a polypeptide based on the nucleotide sequence of an RNA molecule. 8. (a. Acetyl-CoA / b. Pyruvate) is the final product of glycolysis 9. In general, the (a. larger / b. smaller) a solute particle is, the more permeable cell membranes tend to be to that particle. 10. (a. Negative / b. Positive) feedback occurs when the response of a regulatory mechanism counteracts environmental change, causing the subsequent response of the regulatory mechanism to lessen. 11. (a. Smooth / b. Rough) endoplasmic reticulum is a major site of protein synthesis. 12. Facilitated diffusion (a. requires / b. does not require) consumption of ATP. 13. The middle portion of the lipid bilayer of cell membranes is (a hydrophilic / b. hydrophobic) 14. During (a. endocytosis / b. exocytosis), a portion of the plasma membrane invaginates inward and is pinched off to form a new vesicle. 1

2 B. Multiple Choice Questions: Choose the BEST answer and mark the appropriate letter on your answer sheet (3 points each, 72 points total) 15. Which of the following types of biomolecules is NOT a major component of cell membranes? a) Nucleic Acids c) Carbohydrates b) Lipids d) Proteins 16. is the diffusion of water across a semi-permeable membrane. a) Facilitated Diffusion c) Active Carrier-Mediated Transport b) Simple Diffusion d) Osmosis 17. Which of the following would be an example of simple diffusion? a) Movement of water across the plasma membrane from an area of low solute concentration to one of higher solute concentration. b) Movement of glucose into a cell along its concentration gradient c) Movement of glucose into a cell against its concentration gradient by coupling its movement with Na + d) Movement of O 2 into a cell. 18. Which of the following would increase rates of diffusion? a) increased surface area c) both b) increased temperature d) neither 19. Which of the following substances is an enzyme? a) dextrose c) isocitrate b) isopropanol d) topioisomerase 20. Generalized connective tissue cells are called: a) adipocytes c) fibroblasts b) chondrocytes d) thrombocytes 21. occurs across the inner mitochondrial membrane. 22. Bone and cartilage cells are found in small chambers called a) the extracellular matrix c) canaliculi b) lacunae d) Haversian canals 23. muscle is striated and has single nuclei in its fibers. a) Cardiac c) Smooth b) Skeletal d) Rough 2

3 24. Enzymes catalyze chemical reactions by a) increasing temperature c) acting as reactants b) providing energy to drive the reactions d) lowering the activation energy of the reactions 25. The of a solution is the amount of force that would need to be applied to a solution to prevent it from absorbing water via osmosis from an adjacent solution. a) Osmotic pressure c) Polarity b) Osmotic concentration d) Molarity 26. During which step of cell respiration is O 2 consumed? 27. are organelles that contain high concentrations of enzymes used to break down large molecules a) Mitochondria c) Golgi Bodies (i.e., Golgi Apparatus) b) L+ysozomes d) Nuclei 28. How many total FADH 2 are produced per glucose molecule during the Krebs cycle? a) 0 c) 8 b) 2 d) Two complementary DNA strands are linked together by in order to form the double helix. a) covalent bonds c) hydrogen bonds b) ionic bonds d) municipal bonds 30. proteins are transmembrane proteins designed to allow specific ions to flow from one side of a cell membrane to the other when open. a) Recognition c) Channel b) Receptor d) Carrier 31. Which of the following characteristics are common to both facilitated diffusion and active transport carrier proteins? a) specificity c) both b) reversibility d) neither 32. are structures in the nucleus formed from DNA strands wrapped around support proteins. a) Chromosomes c) Homologues b) Genes d) Ribosomes 3

4 33. In order for any chemical reaction to occur, there must be a) O 2 present c) an overall gain in free energy b) enzymes present d) an overall loss in free energy 34. Fatty acids and amino acids can be used to generate ATP by converting them into intermediates used in 35. The of a regulatory mechanism receives, interprets, and integrates information regarding environmental change a) sensor c) controller b) effector d) detector 36. The Na + /K + pump pumps these two ions in the following manner: a) Na + into the cell, K + out of the cell c) both ions into the cell b) Na + out of the cell, K + into the cell d) both ions out of the cell 37. Which of the following plots best depicts the relationship between the rate of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction and substrate concentration? a) b) c) d) 38. The smallest structural subdivision of the human body still considered to be alive is the: a) organelle c) tissue b) organ d) cell 4

5 P215 Basic Human Physiology Summer 2003 Lecture Exam #1 Answers Problem Answer Problem Answer 1 A 20 C 2 B 21 C 3 B 22 B 4 A 23 A 5 A 24 D 6 B 25 A 7 B 26 C 8 B 27 B 9 B 28 B 10 A 29 C 11 B 30 C 12 B 31 A 13 B 32 A 14 A 33 D 15 A 34 D 16 D 35 C 17 D 36 B 18 C 37 C 19 D 38 D 5

B.4B Cellular Processes

B.4B Cellular Processes Picture Vocabulary homeostasis The process of maintaining a constant state of balance cell membrane Cell part surrounding the cytoplasm and is also a barrier between the inside