Physiology Unit 1 CELL SIGNALING: CHEMICAL MESSENGERS AND SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION PATHWAYS
|
|
- Willa Preston
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Physiology Unit 1 CELL SIGNALING: CHEMICAL MESSENGERS AND SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION PATHWAYS
2 In Physiology Today
3 Cell Communication Homeostatic mechanisms maintain a normal balance of the body s internal environment Control systems (Negative Feedback) require cells to be able to communicate with each other Cellular communication is mostly by chemical messengers (Ligands) Neurotransmitters Paracrine Agents Rapid Released by cell Short distance Binds to neighboring cells Hormones Autocrine agents Slower Released by cell Longer distance Binds to self cell Gases
4 Lipid Soluble Messengers Lipid soluble messengers can easily diffuse through the plasma membrane Messengers bind to intracellular receptors Usually bind to DNA Activated receptor acts as a transcription factor Lipid soluble messengers Cortisol Steroid hormones Thyroid hormones
5 Water Soluble Messengers Water soluble messengers can not diffuse through the plasma membrane Must bind to receptor in the plasma membrane Water soluble messengers Peptide hormones Neurotransmitters Paracrine/autocrine compounds
6 Receptors How cells detect chemical messengers Receptor has a binding site for the chemical messenger Chemical messenger tells the cell what to do
7 Characteristics of Receptors Specificity Single messenger Multiple messengers Affinity Saturation Competition Antagonists Agonists
8 Competition for Receptors Messengers with a similar structure compete for binding sites on receptors Antagonists Blocks the endogenous messenger and prevents the response Agonists Binds to receptor and triggers the cells response Mimics endogenous messenger
9 Regulation of Receptors Receptors are subject to regulation Number of receptors Affinity of receptors Down-regulation Persistent, high [chemical messenger] Desensitizing Up-regulation Prolonged, low [chemical messenger] Hypersensitivity
10 Ligand Gated Ion Channels Receptor activation opens an ion channel Increases membrane permeability of that ion Ion diffuses across the plasma membrane Changes membrane potential Examples: Many neurotransmitters
11 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases Intrinsic enzyme activity Regulates Cell proliferation Cell differentiation Apoptosis Receptor activation includes activation of the enzyme Examples Growth factors Insulin
12 Receptors That Activate JAK Kinase Receptor activation activates the associated JAK kinase JAK kinases phosphorylate transcription factors Examples Prolactin GH Many cytokines
13 G-Protein-Coupled Receptors Very common G-protein complex bound to a receptor Receptor activation results in dissociation of the α sub-unit α-sub-unit activates an ion channel or an enzyme in the plasma membrane Examples: Many neurotransmitters Many hormones
14 Water Soluble Messengers Pathway Components Pathway Components 1. Receptor Activation 2. Receptor activation generates a second chemical messenger in the cytoplasm 3. Signal transduction: a series of chemical reactions that result in the cells response Protein kinase Any enzyme that phosphorylates other enzymes or proteins by transferring a phosphate group from ATP Activates the enzyme or protein Changes the conformation of the phosphorylated protein
15 Signal Transduction Pathways Receptor activation is the initial step Messenger-receptor binding causes a conformation change in the receptor Examples of a cells response: Permeability Transport properties Voltage change in the membrane Cell metabolism Cell secretory activity Cells contractile activity Protein synthesis
16 Signal Transduction Signal transduction pathways convert chemical signals to a biologically meaningful response Sequence of events from binding of a chemical messenger to the cells response
17 Source Cyclic AMP (camp) 2nd messenger 1st messenger activates a G-protein coupled receptor G-protein activates adenylyl cyclase Adenylyl cyclase converts ATP to camp Action: camp activates camp-dependent protein kinase A Protein kinase A activates a large number of different proteins Initiates an amplification cascade camp may also de-activate enzymes
18 Cyclic AMP (camp) 2nd messenger Phosphodiesterase deactivates camp to AMP
19 Signal Amplification by camp
20 Source Diacylgylerol (DAG) 2 nd messenger 1 st messenger activates a G-protein coupled receptor G-protein activates Phospholipase C Phospholipase C splits a plasma membrane phospholipid to diacylglycerol (DAG) Action Activates protein kinase C Protein kinase C activates other intracellular proteins
21 Inositol Triphosphate (IP 3 ) 2 nd messenger Source 1 st messenger activates a G-protein coupled receptor G-protein activates Phospholipase C Phospholipase C splits a phospholipid to inositol triphosphate (IP 3 ) Action - IP 3 Binds to ligand gated Ca 2+ channels on the smooth ER - Ligand-gated Ca 2+ channels open and increase cytoplasmic [Ca 2+ ]
22 DAG and IP 3 2 nd messengers Protein Kinase C is activated by DAG and Ca 2+
23 Calcium (Ca 2+ ) 2 nd messenger Source - In the plasma membrane: - Ligand gated Ca 2+ channels - Voltage gated Ca 2+ channels - G-protein activates Ca 2+ channels - Ca 2+ released from the smooth ER (mediated by IP 3 or Ca 2+ entering the cytoplasm) - Active transport of Ca 2+ is inhibited by a 2 nd messenger Action - Ca 2+ activates calmodulin - Activates calmodulin-dependent protein kinases - Ca 2+ binds to and alters protein activity directly
24 Calcium (Ca 2+ ) 2 nd messenger Remember active transport systems in the plasma membrane and organelles maintain low cytoplasmic [Ca 2+ ]
25 Source Arachidonic Acid 2 nd messenger 1 st messenger binds to a g-coupled receptor G-protein activates Phospholipase 2 Phospholipase 2 splits off arachidonic acid from a membrane phospholipid Action Produces eicosanoids Cyclooxygenase (COX) pathway or lipoxygenase (LOX) pathway Eicosanoids may act as 2 nd messengers or as local paracrine/autocrine agents
26 Arachidonic Acid 2 nd messenger NSAIDS block the COX pathway reduce pain, fever, inflammation Adrenal steroids inhibit phospholipase A 2 blocks the production of all eicosanoids Eicosanoids are produced from arachidonic acid Prostaglandins Thromboxanes Leukotrines
27 Eicosanoids Prostaglandins, Thromboxanes, Leukotrines Signaling molecules in CNS Hormones Paracrine/paracrine agents Sometimes called super hormones Derived from Omega-3 and Omega-6 fatty acids Involved in inflammation and immunity Very complex control systems vcortisol inhibits eicosanoid production
28 Stopping Signal Transduction Pathways Chronic overstimulation in cells can be detrimental Presence of 2 nd messengers are transient Physiological controls to stop receptor activation 1.Enzymes in the vicinity metabolize the 1 st messenger 2.Phosphorylating the receptor May decrease it s affinity for the messenger May prevent further binding of G-proteins binding to the receptor 3. Endocytosis of messenger-receptor complex
Chapter 5 Control of Cells by Chemical Messengers
Chapter 5 Control of Cells by Chemical Messengers = How hormones and other signals work Intercellular Communication = Intercellular Signal Transmission Chemical communication Electrical communication Intercellular
More informationLecture Outline. Hormones & Chemical Signaling. Communication Basics: Overview. Communication Basics: Methods. Four methods of cell communication
Lecture Outline Hormones & Chemical Signaling Communication Basics Communication Overview Communication Methods Signal pathways Regulation (modulation) of signal pathways Homeostasis... again Endocrine
More informationGeneral Principles of Endocrine Physiology
General Principles of Endocrine Physiology By Dr. Isabel S.S. Hwang Department of Physiology Faculty of Medicine University of Hong Kong The major human endocrine glands Endocrine glands and hormones
More informationPlasma membranes. Plasmodesmata between plant cells. Gap junctions between animal cells Cell junctions. Cell-cell recognition
Cell Communication Cell Signaling Cell-to-cell communication is essential for multicellular organisms Communicate by chemical messengers Animal and plant cells have cell junctions that directly connect
More informationBy the name of Allah
By the name of Allah Receptors function and signal transduction ( Hormones and receptors Types) We were talking about receptors of the neurotransmitters; we have 2 types of receptors: 1- Ionotropic receptors
More informationCell Communication. Cell Communication. Communication between cells requires: ligand: the signaling molecule
Cell Communication Cell Communication Communication between cells requires: ligand: the signaling molecule receptor protein: the molecule to which the ligand binds (may be on the plasma membrane or within
More informationChapter 11. Cell Communication
Chapter 11 Cell Communication Overview: The Cellular Internet Cell-to-cell communication Is absolutely essential for multicellular organisms Concept 11.1: External signals are converted into responses
More informationCell Communication. Local and Long Distance Signaling
Cell Communication Cell to cell communication is essential for multicellular organisms Some universal mechanisms of cellular regulation providing more evidence for the evolutionary relatedness of all life
More informationCell Communication. Chapter 11. Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece. PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for
Chapter 11 Cell Communication PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece Lectures by Chris Romero, updated by Erin Barley with contributions from Joan Sharp
More informationChapter 15: Signal transduction
Chapter 15: Signal transduction Know the terminology: Enzyme-linked receptor, G-protein linked receptor, nuclear hormone receptor, G-protein, adaptor protein, scaffolding protein, SH2 domain, MAPK, Ras,
More informationCellular Messengers. Intracellular Communication
Cellular Messengers Intracellular Communication Most common cellular communication is done through extracellular chemical messengers: Ligands Specific in function 1. Paracrines Local messengers (neighboring
More informationCell Signaling (part 1)
15 Cell Signaling (part 1) Introduction Bacteria and unicellular eukaryotes respond to environmental signals and to signaling molecules secreted by other cells for mating and other communication. In multicellular
More informationLipids and Membranes
Lipids and Membranes Presented by Dr. Mohammad Saadeh The requirements for the Pharmaceutical Biochemistry I Philadelphia University Faculty of pharmacy Membrane transport D. Endocytosis and Exocytosis
More informationCell Communication. Chapter 11. PowerPoint Lectures for Biology, Seventh Edition. Lectures by Chris Romero. Neil Campbell and Jane Reece
Chapter 11 Cell Communication PowerPoint Lectures for Biology, Seventh Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece Lectures by Chris Romero Overview: The Cellular Internet Cell-to-cell communication Is absolutely
More informationG-Protein Signaling. Introduction to intracellular signaling. Dr. SARRAY Sameh, Ph.D
G-Protein Signaling Introduction to intracellular signaling Dr. SARRAY Sameh, Ph.D Cell signaling Cells communicate via extracellular signaling molecules (Hormones, growth factors and neurotransmitters
More informationReceptors Families. Assistant Prof. Dr. Najlaa Saadi PhD Pharmacology Faculty of Pharmacy University of Philadelphia
Receptors Families Assistant Prof. Dr. Najlaa Saadi PhD Pharmacology Faculty of Pharmacy University of Philadelphia Receptor Families 1. Ligand-gated ion channels 2. G protein coupled receptors 3. Enzyme-linked
More informationDrug Receptor Interactions and Pharmacodynamics
Drug Receptor Interactions and Pharmacodynamics Dr. Raz Mohammed MSc Pharmacology School of Pharmacy 22.10.2017 Lec 6 Pharmacodynamics definition Pharmacodynamics describes the actions of a drug on the
More informationChapter 11. Cell Communication. Signal Transduction Pathways
Chapter 11 Cell Communication Signal Transduction Pathways Signal-Transduction Pathway Signal on a cell s surface is converted into a specific cellular response Local signaling (short distance) - Paracrine
More informationReceptors Functions and Signal Transduction- L4- L5
Receptors Functions and Signal Transduction- L4- L5 Faisal I. Mohammed, MD, PhD University of Jordan 1 PKC Phosphorylates many substrates, can activate kinase pathway, gene regulation PLC- signaling pathway
More informationCell Communication. Chapter 11. Biology. Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece. PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for
Chapter 11 Cell Communication PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece Lectures by Chris Romero, updated by Erin Barley with contributions from Joan Sharp
More informationReceptors and Drug Action. Dr. Subasini Pharmacology Department Ishik University, Erbil
Receptors and Drug Action Dr. Subasini Pharmacology Department Ishik University, Erbil Receptors and Drug Action Receptor Receptor is defined as a macromolecule or binding site located on the surface or
More informationBIOLOGY. Cell Communication CAMPBELL. Reece Urry Cain Wasserman Minorsky Jackson. Lecture Presentation by Nicole Tunbridge and Kathleen Fitzpatrick
CAMPBELL BIOLOGY TENTH EDITION Reece Urry Cain Wasserman Minorsky Jackson 11 Cell Communication Lecture Presentation by Nicole Tunbridge and Kathleen Fitzpatrick Cellular Messaging Cells can signal to
More informationCell responses to environment-- Signals
Cell responses to environment-- Signals Signal transduction can coordinate: Development Formation of tissues Timing of cell division Direction of cell enlargement Size and shape of organs Responses to
More informationCell Communication. Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece. PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for
Chapter 11 Cell Communication PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece Lectures by Chris Romero, updated by Erin Barley with contributions from Joan Sharp
More informationBCOR 011 Lecture 19 Oct 12, 2005 I. Cell Communication Signal Transduction Chapter 11
BCOR 011 Lecture 19 Oct 12, 2005 I. Cell Communication Signal Transduction Chapter 11 External signal is received and converted to another form to elicit a response 1 Lecture Outline 1. Types of intercellular
More informationGENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM FIGURE 17.1
GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM FIGURE 17.1 1. The endocrine system consists of glands that secrete chemical signals, called hormones, into the blood. In addition, other organs and cells
More informationCell Communication. Cell Communication. Cell Communication. Cell Communication. Cell Communication. Chapter 9. Communication between cells requires:
Chapter 9 Communication between cells requires: ligand: the signaling molecule receptor protein: the molecule to which the receptor binds -may be on the plasma membrane or within the cell 2 There are four
More informationCh. 6: Communication, Integration & Homeostasis
Developed by John Gallagher, MS, DVM Ch. 6: Communication, Integration & Homeostasis Goals Describe cell to cell communication Electrical or Chemical only Explain signal transduction Review homeostasis
More informationLecture 9: Cell Communication I
02.05.10 Lecture 9: Cell Communication I Multicellular organisms need to coordinate cellular functions in different tissues Cell-to-cell communication is also used by single celled organisms to signal
More informationCell Signaling part 2
15 Cell Signaling part 2 Functions of Cell Surface Receptors Other cell surface receptors are directly linked to intracellular enzymes. The largest family of these is the receptor protein tyrosine kinases,
More informationCell Communication. Chapter 11. Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece. PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for
Chapter 11 Cell Communication PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece Lectures by Chris Romero, updated by Erin Barley with contributions from Joan Sharp
More informationChapter 20. Cell - Cell Signaling: Hormones and Receptors. Three general types of extracellular signaling. endocrine signaling. paracrine signaling
Chapter 20 Cell - Cell Signaling: Hormones and Receptors Three general types of extracellular signaling endocrine signaling paracrine signaling autocrine signaling Endocrine Signaling - signaling molecules
More informationCell Communication. Chapter 11. Biology. Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece. PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for
Chapter 11 Cell Communication PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece Lectures by Chris Romero, updated by Erin Barley with contributions from Joan Sharp
More informationPropagation of the Signal
OpenStax-CNX module: m44452 1 Propagation of the Signal OpenStax College This work is produced by OpenStax-CNX and licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License 3.0 By the end of this section,
More informationChapter 16: Endocrine System 1
Ch 16 Endocrine System Bi 233 Endocrine system Endocrine System: Overview Body s second great controlling system Influences metabolic activities of cells by means of hormones Slow signaling Endocrine glands
More informationCell Communication CHAPTER 11
Cell Communication CHAPTER 11 What you should know: The 3 stages of cell communication: reception, transduction, and response. How a receptor protein recognizes signal molecules and starts transduction.
More informationChapter 11 Cell Communication Guided Reading. 3. How do intercellular connections function in cell to cell communication?
AP Biology TEXT: Biology, Campbell and Reece 7 th Edition Name Chapter 11 Cell Communication Guided Reading This chapter is often considered difficult as you have not covered it in an introductory biology
More informationLeen Osama, Lujain Hamdan, Osama Mohd, Razi Kittaneh... Faisal Mohammad
23 Leen Osama, Lujain Hamdan, Osama Mohd, Razi Kittaneh... Faisal Mohammad Revision of previous lectures G-proteins coupled receptors mechanism: When a hormone binds to G-protein coupled receptor, GTP
More informationBIOH111. o Cell Module o Tissue Module o Skeletal system o Muscle system o Nervous system o Endocrine system o Integumentary system
BIOH111 o Cell Module o Tissue Module o Skeletal system o Muscle system o Nervous system o Endocrine system o Integumentary system Endeavour College of Natural Health endeavour.edu.au 1 Textbook and required/recommended
More informationChapter 11: Cell Communication
Name Period Chapter 11: Cell Communication The special challenge in Chapter 11 is not that the material is so difficult, but that most of the material will be completely new to you. Cell communication
More informationCell Communication. Chapter 11. Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece. PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for
Chapter 11 Cell Communication PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece Lectures by Chris Romero, updated by Erin Barley with contributions from Joan Sharp
More informationChapter 17. Lecture and Animation Outline
Chapter 17 Lecture and Animation Outline To run the animations you must be in Slideshow View. Use the buttons on the animation to play, pause, and turn audio/text on or off. Please Note: Once you have
More informationClose to site of release (at synapse); binds to receptors in
Chapter 18: The Endocrine System Chemical Messengers 1. Neural 2. Endocrine 3. Neuroendocrine 4. Paracrine 5. Autocrine Endocrine System --Endocrine and nervous systems work together --Endocrine vs. Nervous
More informationBio 111 Study Guide Chapter 11 Cell Communication
Bio 111 Study Guide Chapter 11 Cell Communication BEFORE CLASS: Reading: Read the introduction on p. 210, and for Concept 11.1, read from the first full paragraph on p. 212. Read all of Concept 11.2. Pay
More informationSarah Jaar Marah Al-Darawsheh
22 Sarah Jaar Marah Al-Darawsheh Faisal Mohammad Receptors can be membrane proteins (for water-soluble hormones/ligands) or intracellular (found in the cytosol or nucleus and bind to DNA, for lipid-soluble
More informationGoals and Challenges of Communication. Communication and Signal Transduction. How Do Cells Communicate?
Goals and Challenges of Communication Reaching (only) the correct recipient(s) Imparting correct information Timeliness Causing the desired effect Effective termination Communication and Signal Transduction
More information2402 : Anatomy/Physiology
Dr. Chris Doumen Lecture 2 2402 : Anatomy/Physiology The Endocrine System G proteins and Adenylate Cyclase /camp TextBook Readings Pages 405 and 599 through 603. Make use of the figures in your textbook
More informationWarm-Up. Warm-Up. Warm-Up. Cell Communication. Cell Signaling 03/06/2018. Do bacteria communicate?
Warm-Up 1. Why do you communicate? 2. How do you communicate? 3. How do you think cells communicate? 4. Do you think bacteria can communicate? Explain. Warm-Up 1. Why are scientists studying how bacteria
More informationBIOLOGY. Cell Communication CAMPBELL. Reece Urry Cain Wasserman Minorsky Jackson. Lecture Presentation by Nicole Tunbridge and Kathleen Fitzpatrick
CAMPBELL BIOLOGY TENTH EDITION Reece Urry Cain Wasserman Minorsky Jackson 11 Cell Communication Lecture Presentation by Nicole Tunbridge and Kathleen Fitzpatrick Cellular Messaging Cells can signal to
More informationChapter 11 Guided Reading: Cell Communication
Name Chapter 11 Guided Reading: Cell Communication The special challenge in Chapter 11 is not that the material is so difficult, but that most of the material will be completely new to you. Cell communication
More information2013 W. H. Freeman and Company. 12 Signal Transduction
2013 W. H. Freeman and Company 12 Signal Transduction CHAPTER 12 Signal Transduction Key topics: General features of signal transduction Structure and function of G protein coupled receptors Structure
More informationMolecular Cell Biology - Problem Drill 19: Cell Signaling Pathways and Gene Expression
Molecular Cell Biology - Problem Drill 19: Cell Signaling Pathways and Gene Expression Question No. 1 of 10 1. Which statement about cell signaling is correct? Question #1 (A) Cell signaling involves receiving
More informationCell Communication and Cell Signaling
Cell Communication and Cell Signaling Why is cell signaling important? Why is cell signaling important? Allows cells to communicate and coordinate functions/activities of the organism Usually involves
More informationPharmacodynamics. OUTLINE Definition. Mechanisms of drug action. Receptors. Agonists. Types. Types Locations Effects. Definition
Pharmacodynamics OUTLINE Definition. Mechanisms of drug action. Receptors Types Locations Effects Agonists Definition Types Outlines of Pharmacodynamics Antagonists Definition Types Therapeutic Index Definition
More informationChapter 6 Communication, Integration, and Homeostasis
Chapter 6 Communication, Integration, and Homeostasis About This Chapter Cell-to-cell communication Signal pathways Novel signal molecules Modulation of signal pathways Homeostatic reflex pathways Cell-to-Cell
More informationG-Proteins Receptors and 2nd Messenger Mechanism
G-Proteins Receptors and 2nd Messenger Mechanism (A lot of information in this sheet is repeated over and over. In my opinion, this is the easiest lecture, enjoy ) Recap: Receptors are specific protein
More informationSignal-Transduction Cascades - 2. The Phosphoinositide Cascade
Signal-Transduction Cascades - 2 The Phosphoinositide Cascade Calcium ion as a second messenger Tyrosine kinase and receptor dimerization scribd.com Faisal Khatib JU The Phosphoinositide Cascade Used by
More informationANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY - CLUTCH CH. 6 - CELL COMMUNICATION.
!! www.clutchprep.com CONCEPT: CELL-TO-CELL CONNECTIONS AND SIGNALING Gap and Tight Junctions: Adjacent cells communicate and hold on to each other via junctions. Two important kinds: Gap Junctions are
More informationMechanisms of Hormone Action
Mechanisms of Hormone Action General principles: 1. Signals act over different ranges. 2. Signals have different chemical natures. 3. The same signal can induce a different response in different cells.
More informationPrinciples of Genetics and Molecular Biology
Cell signaling Dr. Diala Abu-Hassan, DDS, PhD School of Medicine Dr.abuhassand@gmail.com Principles of Genetics and Molecular Biology www.cs.montana.edu Modes of cell signaling Direct interaction of a
More informationChapter 9. Cellular Signaling
Chapter 9 Cellular Signaling Cellular Messaging Page 215 Cells can signal to each other and interpret the signals they receive from other cells and the environment Signals are most often chemicals The
More informationCell Communication. Chapter 11. Key Concepts in Chapter 11. Cellular Messaging. Cell-to-cell communication is essential for multicellular organisms
Chapter 11 Cell Communication Dr. Wendy Sera Houston Community College Biology 1406 Key Concepts in Chapter 11 1. External signals are converted to responses within the cell. 2. Reception: A signaling
More informationCell Communication. Chapter 11. Overview: The Cellular Internet
Chapter 11 Cell Communication Overview: The Cellular Internet Cell-to-cell communication is essential for multicellular organisms Biologists have discovered some universal mechanisms of cellular regulation
More informationSignal Transduction: G-Protein Coupled Receptors
Signal Transduction: G-Protein Coupled Receptors Federle, M. (2017). Lectures 4-5: Signal Transduction parts 1&2: nuclear receptors and GPCRs. Lecture presented at PHAR 423 Lecture in UIC College of Pharmacy,
More informationCellular Communication
Cellular Communication But before we get into that What have we learned about so far? Energy and Matter Why do living things need energy? Grow Reproduce Maintain homeostasis Cellular signaling Cells communicate
More informationMembrane associated receptor transfers the information. Second messengers relay information
Membrane associated receptor transfers the information Most signals are polar and large Few of the signals are nonpolar Receptors are intrinsic membrane proteins Extracellular and intracellular domains
More informationHORMONES (Biomedical Importance)
hormones HORMONES (Biomedical Importance) Hormones are the chemical messengers of the body. They are defined as organic substances secreted into blood stream to control the metabolic and biological activities.
More informationRelay molecules in a signal transduction pathway
Cell Signaling Figure 11.6-3 EXTRACELLULAR FLUID Plasma membrane CYTOPLASM 1 Reception 2 Transduction 3 Response Receptor Relay molecules in a signal transduction pathway Activation of cellular response
More informationUNIT 3: Signal transduction. Prof K Syed Department of Biochemistry & Microbiology University of Zululand Room no. 247
UNIT 3: Signal transduction Prof K Syed Department of Biochemistry & Microbiology University of Zululand Room no. 247 SyedK@unizulu.ac.za Topics Signal transduction Terminology G-protein signaling pathway
More information3.D- Cell Communication
3.D- Cell Communication Big Idea 3: Living systems store, retrieve, transmit and respond to information essential to life processes. EU 3.A: Heritable information provides for continuity of life. EU 3.B:
More informationThe Tissue Engineer s Toolkit
The Tissue Engineer s Toolkit Stimuli Detection and Response Ken Webb, Ph. D. Assistant Professor Dept. of Bioengineering Clemson University Environmental Stimulus-Cellular Response Environmental Stimuli
More informationHormones, Receptors and Receptor-Hormone Interactions
Classification of Hormones Hormones, Receptors and Receptor-Hormone Interactions Synthesis of Protein Hormones and Amine Hormones Hormone Activity Locations of Receptors Mechanisms of Hormone Action Types
More informationGPCR. General Principles of Cell Signaling G-protein-Coupled Receptors Enzyme-Coupled Receptors Other Signaling Pathways. G-protein-Coupled Receptors
G-protein-Coupled Receptors General Principles of Cell Signaling G-protein-Coupled Receptors Enzyme-Coupled Receptors Other Signaling Pathways GPCR G-protein-coupled receptors Figure 15-30 Molecular Biology
More information10/15/2011. Chapter 11 Cell Communication. Outline. Overview: Cellular Messaging. Evolution. Evolution of Signaling
Chapter 11 Cell Communication Outline I. Cell Signaling II. Forms of cell signaling III. Quick review of cell membrane IV. Cell Surface s I. G- Coupled s II. osine Kinase s III. Ligand-Gated Ion Channels
More informationEndocrine System. Always willing to lend a helping gland
Endocrine System Always willing to lend a helping gland Functions of the Endocrine System Regulates metabolic activities through hormones Controls reproduction, growth and development, cellular metabolism,
More informationOrganization of lectures: Cell Signaling I: Sex, Drugs and Violence. Cell signaling is central to modern medicine. Forms of Cell Signaling
Cell Signaling I: Sex, Drugs and Violence Joe W. Ramos jramos@crch.hawaii.edu www.crch.org/profiles/jramos Organization of lectures: General Principles of signaling cascades Hormone Signaling Signaling
More informationReceptors Functions and Signal Transduction L1- L2
Receptors Functions and Signal Transduction L1- L2 Faisal I. Mohammed, MD, PhD University of Jordan 1 Introduction to Physiology (0501110) Summer 2012 Subject Lecture No. Lecturer Pages in the 11 th edition.
More informationBIOL1040 Study Guide Sample
BIOL1040 Study Guide Sample Introduction: BIOL1040 is perhaps one of the hardest first year subjects due to both the 85% final exam and the amount of content involved. However it is conquerable and these
More informationCell communication. S Cellbiosystems Olli-Pekka Koistinen
Cell communication S-114.2500 Cellbiosystems Olli-Pekka Koistinen 28.11.2007 Cell communication Cellbiosystems? What does it mean? Large groups of cells interacting with each other? Complex cell communication
More informationThe Endocrine System. PowerPoint Lecture Presentations prepared by Jason LaPres. Lone Star College North Harris
18 The Endocrine System PowerPoint Lecture Presentations prepared by Jason LaPres Lone Star College North Harris NOTE: Presentations extensively modified for use in MCB 244 & 246 at the University of Illinois
More informationCellular Communication
(a) Communicating cell junctions. by direct cell-cell contact lasma membranes 1. Direct cell contact. Vesicle-mediated 3. Chemical messengers (b) Cell-cell recognition. Gap junctions between animal cells
More informationLecture: CHAPTER 13 Signal Transduction Pathways
Lecture: 10 17 2016 CHAPTER 13 Signal Transduction Pathways Chapter 13 Outline Signal transduction cascades have many components in common: 1. Release of a primary message as a response to a physiological
More informationArt labeling Activity: Figure 16.1
ANP 1105D Winter 2013 Assignment 6 part I: The Endocrine Sy... Assignment 6 part I: The Endocrine System, Chapter 16 Due: 11:59pm on Monday, March 4, 2013 Note: To understand how points are awarded, read
More informationtarget effector enzyme is Phospholipase C A. target protein adenylate cyclase camp-> PKA B. target protein phospholipase C two 2nd Messengers:
COR 011 Cell Communication II Lect 19 Lecture Outline Signal molecule Activated Ras-GT A G-rotein And they tell friends And they tell friends And they tell friends 1. Finish Trimeric G-rotein: hospholipase
More informationRevision. camp pathway
االله الرحمن الرحيم بسم Revision camp pathway camp pathway Revision camp pathway Adenylate cyclase Adenylate Cyclase enzyme Adenylate cyclase catalyses the formation of camp from ATP. Stimulation or inhibition
More informationRegulation of cell function by intracellular signaling
Regulation of cell function by intracellular signaling Objectives: Regulation principle Allosteric and covalent mechanisms, Popular second messengers, Protein kinases, Kinase cascade and interaction. regulation
More informationReceptor mediated Signal Transduction
Receptor mediated Signal Transduction G-protein-linked receptors adenylyl cyclase camp PKA Organization of receptor protein-tyrosine kinases From G.M. Cooper, The Cell. A molecular approach, 2004, third
More informationEvaluation only. Created with Aspose.PowerPoint. Copyright 2004 Aspose Pty Ltd.
Da: Cell Signalling Biology - Michael J. Berridge - www.cellsignallingbiology.org - 2009 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.PowerPoint. Copyright 2004 Aspose Pty Ltd. Nella comunicazione chimica il recettore
More informationVets 111/Biov 111 Cell Signalling-2. Secondary messengers the cyclic AMP intracellular signalling system
Vets 111/Biov 111 Cell Signalling-2 Secondary messengers the cyclic AMP intracellular signalling system The classical secondary messenger model of intracellular signalling A cell surface receptor binds
More informationAyman Mesleh & Leen Alnemrawi. Bayan Abusheikha. Faisal
24 Ayman Mesleh & Leen Alnemrawi Bayan Abusheikha Faisal We were talking last time about receptors for lipid soluble hormones.the general mechanism of receptors for lipid soluble hormones: 1. Receptors
More informationLECTURE PRESENTATIONS
LECTURE PRESENTATIONS For CAMPBELL BIOLOGY, NINTH EDITION Jane B. Reece, Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Robert B. Jackson Chapter 11 Cell Communication Lectures
More informationBL 424 Chapter 15: Cell Signaling; Signal Transduction
BL 424 Chapter 15: Cell Signaling; Signal Transduction All cells receive and respond to signals from their environments. The behavior of each individual cell in multicellular plants and animals must be
More informationBiosignals, Chapter 8, rearranged, Part I
Biosignals, Chapter 8, rearranged, Part I Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor: A Ligand-Binding Ion Channel Classes of Receptor Proteins in Eukaryotes, Heterotrimeric G Proteins Signaling View the Heterotrimeric
More informationCell Signaling and Communication - 1
Cell Signaling and Communication - 1 Just as we communicate with other humans in a number of different ways, cells communicate with other cells and with their external environment with a set of cell signal
More informationReading Packet 2- Cells Unit. Chapter 6: A Tour of the Cell 1. What is resolving power?
AP Biology Reading Packet 2- Cells Unit Name Chapter 6: A Tour of the Cell 1. What is resolving power? 2. How is an electron microscope different from a light microscope and what is the difference between
More informationI. Fluid Mosaic Model A. Biological membranes are lipid bilayers with associated proteins
Lecture 6: Membranes and Cell Transport Biological Membranes I. Fluid Mosaic Model A. Biological membranes are lipid bilayers with associated proteins 1. Characteristics a. Phospholipids form bilayers
More informationLojayn Salah. Razan Aburumman. Faisal Muhammad
20 Lojayn Salah Razan Aburumman Faisal Muhammad Note: I tried to include everything that's important from the doctor's slides but you can refer back to them after studying this sheet.. After you read this
More informationCell Biology Lecture 9 Notes Basic Principles of cell signaling and GPCR system
Cell Biology Lecture 9 Notes Basic Principles of cell signaling and GPCR system Basic Elements of cell signaling: Signal or signaling molecule (ligand, first messenger) o Small molecules (epinephrine,
More informationEndocrine Notes Mrs. Laux AP Biology I. Endocrine System consists of endocrine glands (ductless), cells, tissues secrete hormones
I. Endocrine System consists of endocrine glands (ductless), cells, tissues secrete hormones regulates metabolism, fluid balance, growth, reproduction A. Hormones 1. chemical signals-cell to cell communication
More informationNeurotransmitter Systems II Receptors. Reading: BCP Chapter 6
Neurotransmitter Systems II Receptors Reading: BCP Chapter 6 Neurotransmitter Systems Normal function of the human brain requires an orderly set of chemical reactions. Some of the most important chemical
More information