A. Major parts 1. Nucleus 2. Cytoplasm a. Contain organelles (see below) 3. Plasma membrane (To be discussed in Cellular Transport Lecture)
|
|
- Teresa Washington
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Lecture 5: Cellular Biology I. Cell Theory Concepts: 1. Cells are the functional and structural units of living organisms 2. The activity of an organism is dependent on both the individual and collective activity of the cells that comprise that organism 3. Subcellular structures determine the biochemical activities of cells (i.e., principle of complementarity) 4. Continuity of life has a cellular basis II. Generalized Cell A. Major parts 1. Nucleus 2. Cytoplasm a. Contain organelles (see below) 3. Plasma membrane (To be discussed in Cellular Transport Lecture)
2 B. Types of Cells 1. Prokaryotic a. Lack nuclear membrane b. Genetic material in nucleoid region c. Lack membrane-bound organelles d. Found only in bacteria and archaebacteria 2. Eukaryotic a. Have nucleus bounded by a nuclear membrane b. Genetic material in nucleus c. Have cytoplasm i. Cytosol ii. Membrane-bound organelles III. Nucleus: control center for cellular function; contains genetic material A. Number of nuclei 1. Most cells have a single nucleus 2. Large cells (those with a large amount of cytoplasm) have to be multinucleate 3. Red blood cells only cell lacking a nucleus B. Structures 1. Nuclear envelope a. Double membrane inner and outer i. Outermembrane is continuous with ER ii. Nuclear pores iii. Selectively permeable b. Perinuclear cisterna fluid between membranes 2. Nucleoli a. No membrane b. Ribosomes subunits are assembled here i. Large in growing cells c. Associated with chromatin region associated with DNA coding for rrna i. Nuclear organizing regions (DNA regions) 3. Chromatin DNA + globular histone a. Nucleosome fundamental unit of chromatin i. Units of eight wrapped by DNA molecule b. Chromosomes: prior to cell division, chromatin condenses to form chromosomes IV. Cytoplasmic Organelles A. Cytoplasm cellular material inside cell 1. Most cellular activities occur here 2. Comprised of: a. Cytosol fluid in which other components are suspended b. Organelles (see below) c. Inclusions non-functioning chemicals substances that may be unique to a given cell type B. Ribosomes site of protein synthesis 1. Complexes of RNA and protein 2. Free in cytosol a. Suspended in the cytosol
3 b. Make proteins that function in the cytosol 3. Bound to endoplasmic reticulum a. Make proteins that are either exported or integrated into the plasma membrane C. Endomembrane System interactive system of membranes that interact either directly through physical contact or indirectly through vesicles 1. Vesicle membrane-enclosed sacs that are pinched off portions of membranes moving from one membrane to another 2. Endomembrane system includes: a. Nuclear envelope b. Endoplasmic reticulum c. Golgi apparatus d. Lysosomes e. Vacuoles 3. Endoplasmic reticulum network of membranous tubules and sacs (cisternae) within the cytoplasm 1. Continuous with the nuclear envelope 2. Two regions smooth ER and rough ER 3. Smooth ER lacks ribosomes a. Synthesis of lipids, phospholipids and steroids b. Carbohydrate metabolism c. Detoxifies drugs d. Calcium storage 4. Rough ER protein synthesis (has ribosomes) a. Ribosomes attached to ER synthesize secretory proteins b. Growing polypeptide is threaded through ER membrane (receptor site) into cisternal space c. Protein folds into native conformation
4 d. If a glycoprotein, oligosaccharides are enzymatically added to the secretory protein e. Protein departs in a transport vesicle pinched off from the ER 5. Golgi apparatus modifies, concentrates and packages rough ER products a. Organelle of stacked, flattened membranous sacs (cisternae) b. Has polarity i. Cis face receives transport vesicles from rough ER ii. Trans face pinches off vesicles c. The rough ER products are modified as they move through Golgi apparatus
5 6. Lysomes digestive compartments; membranous sac containing hydrolytic enzymes a. Digest all major classes of macromolecules b. Acidic i. Pump H+ in from cytosol c. Sequesters destructive enzymes from the cytosol d. Functions: i. Intracellular digestion phagocytosis ii. Recycle cellular organic material iii. Programmed cell death e. Role in disease storage diseases i. Lack specific lysosomal enzymes which causes substrate accumulation ii. Pompe s glycogen in liver iii. Tay-Sachs lipid accumulation in brain 7. Vacuole a. Membrane-enclosed sac b. Diverse functions i. Food vacuole ii. Contractile vacuole iii. Central vacuole in plants
6 D. Mitochondria transduce energy into useable cellular work 1. Double membrane structure similar to plasma membrane a. Outer membrane permeable to small solutes b. Inner membrane contains embedded proteins involved in cellular work i. Cristae folds of the inner membrane c. Intermembrane space d. Mitochondrial matrix contains enzymes for metabolic steps of cellular respiration E. Chloroplasts 1. Plastid plant and algal membrane-bound organelles a. Amyloplasts i. Starch storage in roots b. Chromoplasts i. Pigments other than chlorophyll c. Chloroplasts i. Site of photosynthesis 2. Functional compartments a. Intermembrane space i. Space between double membrane that surrounds the chloroplast b. Thylakoid space i. Membrane surrounds chlorophyll ii. Photosynthetic steps that convert light into chemical energy c. Stroma i. Interior of chloroplasts not surrounded by the thylakoid membranes ii. Photosynthetic steps that use chemical energy to convert carbon dioxide to sugar
7 F. Peroxisomes 1. Specific metabolic pathways requiring peroxide-producing oxidases a. Produce hydrogen peroxide b. Converted to water by catalase c. Breakdown of fatty acids d. Detoxification of alcohol and other harmful compounds 2. Single membrane V. Cytoskeleton network of fibers throughout the cytoplasm that form a framework for support and movement and regulation A. Functions: 1. Mechanical support to maintain shape 2. Allows cell to change shape when environment changes 3. Associated with motility (has motor molecules see later lectures) 4. Regulatory role in transmitting signals from cell s surface to its interior B. Constructed from three types of fibers: 1. Microtubules (thickest) a. Radiate from cell s center b. Determine cell shape c. Provide tracks for organelle movement d. Involved in separation of chromosomes during cell division e. Organized to form complex cellular components i. Centrosomes and centrioles ii. Cilia and flagella
8 2. Microfilaments (thinnest) a. Made up of contractile protein (actin) b. Attach to cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane c. Participate in muscle contraction d. Localized cell contraction 3. Intermediate filaments most stable and permanent cytoskeletal element a. Act as guy wires to resist pulling forces on the cell b. Fix organelle position VI. Specialized Surface Structures and Functions A. Cell walls 1. Unique to plants 2. Basic design a. Cellulose fibers embedded in a matrix of protein and polysaccharide b. Plasmodesmata i. Channels connecting neighboring cells B. ECM extracellular matrix 1. Found in animals 2. Elaborate network of macromolecules outside the plasma membrane a. Secreted by cells b. Glycoproteins embedded in a matrix i. Collagen is the most abundant fiber ii. Proteoglycans 3. Cells are attached to the ECM a. Directly to the collagen or proteoglycans b. Via fibronectins i. Fibronectins bind with transmembrane receptors ii. Integrins C. Intercellular junctions 1. Tight junctions impermeable junctions 2. Desmosomes anchoring junctions; plaques and linkers; intermediate filaments 3. Gap junctions movement of chemicals between adjacent cells; connexons
A TOUR OF THE CELL 10/1/2012
A TOUR OF THE CELL Chapter 6 KEY CONCEPTS: Eukaryotic cells have internal membranes that compartmentalize their functions The eukaryotic cell s genetic instructions are housed in the nucleus and carried
More informationCytosol the fluid Cytoplasm cell interior, everything outside the nucleus but within the cell membrane, includes the organelles, cytosol, and
Cell Organelles Plasma Membrane comprised of a phospholipid bilayer and embedded proteins Outer surface has oligosaccharides separates the cells s contents from its surroundings Cytosol the fluid Cytoplasm
More informationA Tour of the Cell. Chapter 7
A Tour of the Cell Chapter 7 Cytology: Study of Cells Light Microscopes uses light & a set of lenses Magnification ratio of object s image size to its real size Resolution measures the clarity of the image
More informationA Tour of the Cell Lecture 2, Part 1 Fall 2008
Cell Theory 1 A Tour of the Cell Lecture 2, Part 1 Fall 2008 Cells are the basic unit of structure and function The lowest level of structure that can perform all activities required for life Reproduction
More information4 A Tour of the Cell CAMPBELL BIOLOGY IN FOCUS. Urry Cain Wasserman Minorsky Jackson Reece
CAMPBELL BIOLOGY IN FOCUS Urry Cain Wasserman Minorsky Jackson Reece 4 A Tour of the Cell Lecture Presentations by Kathleen Fitzpatrick and Nicole Tunbridge Overview: The Fundamental Units of Life All
More informationHuman height. Length of some nerve and muscle cells. Chicken egg. Frog egg. Most plant and animal cells Nucleus Most bacteria Mitochondrion
10 m 1 m 0.1 m 1 cm Human height Length of some nerve and muscle cells Chicken egg Unaided eye 1 mm Frog egg 100 µm 10 µm 1 µm 100 nm 10 nm Most plant and animal cells Nucleus Most bacteria Mitochondrion
More informationCells. Variation and Function of Cells
Cells Variation and Function of Cells Cell Theory states that: 1. All living things are made of cells 2. Cells are the basic unit of structure and function in living things 3. New cells are produced from
More informationCytology. Light microscopy resolving power Electron microscopy TEM SEM Cell fractionation Ultracentrifuges
Chapter 7: A Tour of the Cell Cytology Light microscopy resolving power Electron microscopy TEM SEM Cell fractionation Ultracentrifuges Prokaryotic cells Nucleoid No organelles with membranes Ribosomes
More informationThe Golgi Apparatus: Shipping and Receiving Center. The Golgi apparatus. Functions of the Golgi apparatus. Lysosomes: Digestive Compartments
The Golgi Apparatus: Shipping and Receiving Center The Golgi apparatus Receives (on the cis-side) many of the transport vesicles produced in the rough ER Consists of flattened membranous sacs called cisternae
More informationCELL PARTS TYPICAL ANIMAL CELL
AP BIOLOGY CText Reference, Campbell v.8, Chapter 6 ACTIVITY1.12 NAME DATE HOUR CELL PARTS TYPICAL ANIMAL CELL ENDOMEMBRANE SYSTEM TYPICAL PLANT CELL QUESTIONS: 1. Write the name of the cell part in the
More informationPlasma Membrane. comprised of a phospholipid bilayer and embedded proteins separates the cells s contents from its surroundings
Cell Organelles Plasma Membrane comprised of a phospholipid bilayer and embedded proteins separates the cells s contents from its surroundings Cytosol the fluid Cytoplasm cell interior, everything outside
More informationMicrofilaments. myosin. In muscle cells. Microfilaments. Microfilaments. Video: Cytoplasmic Streaming. amoeboid movement. Pseudopodia.
Microfilaments Fig, 6-27a myosin Microfilaments protein func3ons in cellular mo3lity in addi3on to ac3n In muscle cells Thousands of ac3n filaments are arranged parallel to one another Thicker myosin filaments
More informationCHAPTER 4 A TOUR OF THE CELL
CHAPTER 4 A TOUR OF THE CELL Microscopes Con. 4.1 magnification: size resolution: clarity contrast: differences in parts Light Microscopy Techniques (p.68) a. Brightfield unstained b. Brightfield stained
More informationCh. 6: A Tour of the Cell
Ch. 6: A Tour of the Cell 1. Compare the 2 Types of Cells PROKARYOTES BOTH EUKARYOTES Domain: Domain: Relative Size & Complexity: Relative Size & Complexity: No DNA in No Examples: Has Has Examples: 2.
More information(a) TEM of a plasma. Fimbriae. Nucleoid. Ribosomes. Plasma membrane. Cell wall Capsule. Bacterial chromosome
0 m m 0. m cm mm 00 µm 0 µm 00 nm 0 nm Human height Length of some nerve and muscle cells Chicken egg Frog egg Most plant and animal cells Most bacteria Smallest bacteria Viruses Proteins Unaided eye Light
More informationLecture 5- A Tour of the Cell
Lecture 5- A Tour of the Cell 1 In this lecture Prokaryotes vs. eukaryotes The organelles of the eukaryotic cell The cytoskeleton Extracellular components 2 What are cells? Cells are the fundamental unit
More information11/1/2014. accumulate in brain.
EU 4.A: Interactions within biological systems lead to complex properties. EU 4.B: Competition and cooperation are important aspects of biological systems. EU 4.C: Naturally occurring diversity among and
More informationEarly scientists who observed cells made detailed sketches of what they saw.
Early scientists who observed cells made detailed sketches of what they saw. Early scientists who observed cells made detailed sketches of what they saw. CORK Early scientists who observed cells made detailed
More informationChapter 6. A Tour of the Cell. Concept 6.1 Biologists use microscopes and the tools of biochemistry to study cells
Chapter 6 A Tour of the Cell Chapter Outline Concept 6.1 Biologists use microscopes and the tools of biochemistry to study cells In a light microscope (LM), visible light passes through the specimen and
More informationLECTURE 3 CELL STRUCTURE
LECTURE 3 CELL STRUCTURE HISTORY The cell was first discovered by Robert Hooke in 1665 examining very thin slices of cork and saw a multitude of tiny pores that remarked looked like the walled compartments
More information4/12/17. Cells. Cell Structure. Ch. 2 Cell Structure and Func.on. Range of Cell Sizes BIOL 100
Ch. 2 Cell Structure and Func.on BIOL 100 Cells Fundamental units of life Cell theory All living things are composed of one or more cells. The cell is the most basic unit of life. All cells come from pre-existing
More informationThe Cell Organelles. Eukaryotic cell. The plasma membrane separates the cell from the environment. Plasma membrane: a cell s boundary
Eukaryotic cell The Cell Organelles Enclosed by plasma membrane Subdivided into membrane bound compartments - organelles One of the organelles is membrane bound nucleus Cytoplasm contains supporting matrix
More informationCh. 4 Cells: The Working Units of Life
Ch. 4 Cells: The Working Units of Life Originally prepared by Kim B. Foglia. Revised and adapted by Nhan A. Pham Types of cells Cell Size Why organelles? Specialized structures - specialized functions
More informationOrganelles. copyright cmassengale 1
Organelles copyright cmassengale 1 Organelles Very small (Microscopic) Perform various functions for a cell Found in the cytoplasm May or may not be membrane-bound 2 Animal Cell Organelles Nucleolus Nucleus
More informationOrganelles of the Cell & How They Work Together. Packet #7
Organelles of the Cell & How They Work Together Packet #7 Introduction Introduction Organization of cells is basically similar in all cells. Additionally, most cells are tiny Ranging from 1 1000 cubic
More informationName 4 A Tour of the Cell Test Date Study Guide You must know: The difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. The structure and function of
Name _ 4 A Tour of the Cell Test Date Study Guide You must know: The difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. The structure and function of organelles common to plant and animal cells. The
More informationHuman Epithelial Cells
The Cell Human Epithelial Cells Plant Cells Cells have an internal structure Eukaryotic cells are organized Protective membrane around them that communicates with other cells Organelles have specific jobs
More informationCell Structure and Organelles SBI4U 2016/10/14
Cell Structure and Organelles SBI4U 2016/10/14 Inside the cell These are generalizations, not rules! Everything inside the cell membrane besides the nucleus is called the cytoplasm; The liquid is known
More informationA Tour of the Cell. Chapter 6. Slide 1. Slide 2. Slide 3. Overview: The Fundamental Units of Life
Slide 1 Chapter 6 A Tour of the Cell PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece Lectures by Chris Romero, updated by Erin Barley with contributions from Joan
More informationNucleic acids. Nucleic acids are information-rich polymers of nucleotides
Nucleic acids Nucleic acids are information-rich polymers of nucleotides DNA and RNA Serve as the blueprints for proteins and thus control the life of a cell RNA and DNA are made up of very similar nucleotides.
More informationDon t Freak Out. Test on cell organelle on Friday!
Cell Structure 1 Don t Freak Out Test on cell organelle on Friday! This test should be a buffer test and help raise your overall test score. All information will come from this week! 2 Cells Provide Compartments
More informationEukaryotic Cell Structures
Comparing the Cell to a Factory Eukaryotic Cell Structures Structures within a eukaryotic cell that perform important cellular functions are known as organelles. Cell biologists divide the eukaryotic cell
More informationEukaryotic cell. Premedical IV Biology
Eukaryotic cell Premedical IV Biology The size range of organisms Light microscopes visible light is passed through the specimen and glass lenses the resolution is limited by the wavelength of the visible
More informationCell Structure. Cells. Why are cells so small? 9/15/2016. Schleiden and Schwann proposed Cell Theory in
Cell Structure Cells Cells are sacs of fluid that are reinforced by proteins and surrounded by membranes. Inside the fluid float organelles. Organelles: structures inside the cell that are used for metabolic
More informationORGANELLES OF THE ENDOMEMBRANE SYSTEM
Membranes compartmentalize the interior of the cell and facilitate a variety of metabolic activities. Chloroplasts and a rigid cell wall are what distinguish a plant cell from an animal cell. A typical
More informationA Tour of the Cell 4/10/12. Chapter 6. Overview: The Fundamental Units of Life
Chapter 6 LECTURE PRESENTATIONS For CAMPBELL BIOLOGY, NINTH EDITION Jane B. Reece, Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Robert B. Jackson A Tour of the Cell Lectures by
More informationbasic unit structure and function
Chapter 3 Cells Introduction The cell is the basic unit of structure and function in living things. Cells vary in their shape, size, and arrangements, but all cells have similar components with a particular
More informationOrganelles of the Cell & How They Work Together. Packet #5
Organelles of the Cell & How They Work Together Packet #5 Developed by Mr. Barrow 2018 1 Introduction Organization of cells is basically similar in all cells. Additionally, most cells are tiny Ranging
More informationObjectives. To determine the differences between plant and animal cells To discover the structure and function of cellular organelles.
Cell Organelles 3.2 Objectives To determine the differences between plant and animal cells To discover the structure and function of cellular organelles. Basic Cellular Structures Cell membrane (cytoplasmic
More informationCell Theory. Chapter 6. cell. fundamental unit of structure and function for all living organisms. arise only from previously existing cell
Chapter 6 cell Cell Theory fundamental unit of structure and function for all living organisms arise only from previously existing cell Figure 5.4 The size range of cells WHY are your brain cells the same
More informationA Tour of the Cell. Chapter 6. Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece. PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for
Chapter 6 A Tour of the Cell PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece Lectures by Chris Romero, updated by Erin Barley with contributions from Joan Sharp
More informationAP Biology Book Notes Chapter 4: Cells v Cell theory implications Ø Studying cell biology is in some sense the same as studying life Ø Life is
AP Biology Book Notes Chapter 4: Cells v Cell theory implications Ø Studying cell biology is in some sense the same as studying life Ø Life is continuous v Small cell size is becoming more necessary as
More informationA Tour of the Cell. Chapter 6. Biology. Edited by Shawn Lester. Inner Life of Cell. Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece
Chapter 6 A Tour of the Cell Inner Life of Cell Edited by Shawn Lester PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece Lectures by Chris Romero, updated by Erin
More informationOrganelles of the Cell & How They Work Together. Packet #5
Organelles of the Cell & How They Work Together Packet #5 Developed by Mr. Barrow 2018 1 Introduction Organization of cells is basically similar in all cells. Additionally, most cells are tiny Ranging
More information10/13/11. Cell Theory. Cell Structure
Cell Structure Grade 12 Biology Cell Theory All organisms are composed of one or more cells. Cells are the smallest living units of all living organisms. Cells arise only by division of a previously existing
More informationTHE CELL Cells: Part 1
THE CELL Cells: Part 1 OBJECTIVES By the end of the lesson you should be able to: State the 2 types of cells Relate the structure to function for all the organelles TYPES OF CELLS There are two types of
More information10/5/2015. Cell Size. Relative Rate of Reaction
The Cell Biology 102 Fundamental unit of life Smallest unit that displays all the basic elements of life Lecture 5: Cells Cell Theory 1. All living things are made of one or more cells Cell Theory 2. The
More informationAP Biology Summer Assignment
AP Biology Summer Assignment 2018-2019 AP Biology is a rigorous course and due to the large amount of material that needs to be covered during the school year, a summer assignment is essential. The first
More informationCell Structure and Function
Cell Theory Cell Structure and Function Chapter 6 Pg. 94-124 What is a cell? The basic functional unit of all living things. The Cell Theory states All organisms are made of one or more cells. Cells are
More informationAll organisms are made of cells (cells are the basic units of life) Cell structure is highly correlated to cellular function
CELLS CHAPTER 6 I. CELL THEORY - All organisms are made of cells (cells are the basic units of life) Cell structure is highly correlated to cellular function All cells are related by their descent from
More informationCells and Tissues 3PART A. PowerPoint Lecture Slide Presentation by Patty Bostwick-Taylor, Florence-Darlington Technical College
PowerPoint Lecture Slide Presentation by Patty Bostwick-Taylor, Florence-Darlington Technical College Cells and Tissues 3PART A Cells and Tissues Carry out all chemical activities needed to sustain life
More informationLectures by Erin Barley Kathleen Fitzpatrick Pearson Education, Inc Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 6.5. Bacterial chromosome
Chapter 6 LECTURE PRESENTATIONS For CAMPBELL BIOLOGY, NINTH EDITION Jane B. Reece, Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Robert B. Jackson A Tour of the Cell Overview:
More informationFirst to View Cells. copyright cmassengale
CELL THEORY All living things are made of cells Cells are the basic unit of structure and function in an organism (basic unit of life) Cells come from the reproduction of existing cells (cell division)
More informationBio10 Cell Structure SRJC
3.) Cell Structure and Function Structure of Cell Membranes Fluid mosaic model Mixed composition: Phospholipid bilayer Glycolipids Sterols Proteins Fluid Mosaic Model Phospholipids are not packed tightly
More informationStructures in Cells. Lecture 5, EH1008: Biology for Public Health, Biomolecules.
Structures in Cells Lecture 5, EH1008: Biology for Public Health, Biomolecules Limian.zheng@ucc.ie 1 Cytoplasm Nucleus Centrioles Cytoskeleton Cilia Microvilli 2 Cytoplasm Cellular material outside nucleus
More informationStructures in Cells. Cytoplasm. Lecture 5, EH1008: Biology for Public Health, Biomolecules
Structures in Cells Lecture 5, EH1008: Biology for Public Health, Biomolecules Limian.zheng@ucc.ie 1 Cytoplasm Nucleus Centrioles Cytoskeleton Cilia Microvilli 2 Cytoplasm Cellular material outside nucleus
More informationCELL (PLASMA) MEMBRANE
CELL (PLASMA) MEMBRANE Separates cell from its environment Controls substances that enter and leave the cell Selectively permeable allows certain substances to pass COMPOSITION Composed of 2 layers of
More informationDelve AP Biology Lecture 4: 10/9/11 Melissa Ko and Anne Huang
Today s Agenda: I. Review of organelles II. More important organelles III. Plasma membrane structure IV. Diffusion and transport Delve AP Biology Lecture 4: 10/9/11 Melissa Ko and Anne Huang I. Review
More informationUnit 2:The Cell. Section 3: Organelle Structure and Function Mrs. McNamara Biology
Unit 2:The Cell Section 3: Organelle Structure and Function Mrs. McNamara Biology Organelle-cell part that performs a specific function for the cell Most are surrounded by a membrane Each helps to maintain
More informationA Tour of the cell. 2- Eukaryotic cells have internal membranes that compartmentalize their functions
A Tour of the cell 1- To study cells, biologists use microscopes and the tools of biochemistry 2- Eukaryotic cells have internal membranes that compartmentalize their functions 3- The eukaryotic cell s
More informationBell Work: What is the fundamental unit of life? 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Bell Work: What is the fundamental unit of life? All organisms are made of cells The cell is the simplest collection of matter that can be alive All cells are related by their descent from earlier cells
More informationA Tour of the Cell. Ch. 7
A Tour of the Cell Ch. 7 Cell Theory O All organisms are composed of one or more cells. O The cell is the basic unit of structure and organization of organisms. O All cells come from preexisting cells.
More informationChapters 2 and 3. Pages and Pages Prayer Attendance Homework
Chapters 2 and 3 Pages 44-45 and Pages 59-62 Prayer Attendance Homework The Cell The cell is the basic unit of life on Earth, separated from its environment by a membrane and sometimes an outer wall. Prokaryotic
More informationChapter 7. (7-1 and 7-2) A Tour of the Cell
Chapter 7 (7-1 and 7-2) A Tour of the Cell Microscopes as Windows to the World of Cells Cells were first described in 1665 by Robert Hooke. By the mid-1800s, the accumulation of scientific evidence led
More informationCell Structure & Function. Source:
Cell Structure & Function Source: http://koning.ecsu.ctstateu.edu/cell/cell.html Definition of Cell A cell is the smallest unit that is capable of performing life functions. http://web.jjay.cuny.edu/~acarpi/nsc/images/cell.gif
More informationA Tour of the Cell. Chapter 6. Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece. PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for
Chapter 6 A Tour of the Cell PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece Lectures by Chris Romero, updated by Erin Barley with contributions from Joan Sharp
More informationChapter 4: Cell Structure and Function
Chapter 4: Cell Structure and Function Robert Hooke Fig. 4-2, p.51 The Cell Smallest unit of life Can survive on its own or has potential to do so Is highly organized for metabolism Senses and responds
More informationLECTURE PRESENTATIONS
LECTURE PRESENTATIONS For CAMPBELL BIOLOGY, NINTH EDITION Jane B. Reece, Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Robert B. Jackson Chapter 6 A Tour of the Cell Lectures by
More informationCell Cell
Go to cellsalive.com. Select Interactive Cell Models: Plant and Animal. Fill in the information on Plant and Animal Organelles, then Click on Start the Animation Select Plant or Animal Cell below the box.
More informationCH 4: A tour of the cell Overview: The Fundamental Units of Life. Concept 4.1: Biologists use microscopes and the tools of biochemistry to study cells
CH 4: A tour of the cell Overview: The Fundamental Units of Life All organisms are made of cells The cell is the simplest collection of matter that is alive All cells are related by descent from earlier
More informationCell Anatomy Anatomy = the study of the structures and components of an organism
Cell Anatomy Anatomy = the study of the structures and components of an organism -Types of Cells: 1) Prokaryotic = simple, primitive = no membrane bound nucleus, only a dense, nuclear area = single-celled
More informationA Tour of the Cell. Chapter 6. Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece. PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for
Chapter 6 1 A Tour of the Cell PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece Lectures by Chris Romero, updated by Erin Barley with contributions from Joan Sharp
More informationCell Category? Prokaryote
CELLS Cell Category? Prokaryote Prokaryote Eukaryote Cell Category? Cell Type? Cell Category? Cell Type? Endosymbiosis eukaryotic cells were formed from simpler prokaryotes Endo within Symbiosis together
More informationA Tour of the Cell. Chapter 4. Most cells are microscopic. Cells vary in size and shape
Chapter 4 A Tour of the Cell Most cells are microscopic Cells vary in size and shape 10 m Human height 1 m Length of some nerve and muscle cells 100 mm (10 cm) 10 mm (1 cm) Chicken egg Unaided eye 1 mm
More informationCh. 6 Tour of the Cell
Ch. 6 Tour of the Cell 2007-2008 Microscopy Scientists use microscopes to visualize cells too small to see with the naked eye In a light microscope (LM), visible light is passed through a specimen and
More informationPlant organelle used for storage. Some store starches and lipids and pigments. Named according to the color or pigment that they contain.
Animal Cell: Plant Cell: Plastid: Plant organelle used for storage. Some store starches and lipids and pigments. Named according to the color or pigment that they contain. Chloroplasts:contain light absorbing
More informationA Tour of the Cell. Chapter 6. Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece. PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for
Chapter 6 1 A Tour of the Cell PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece Lectures by Chris Romero, updated by Erin Barley with contributions from Joan Sharp
More informationEukaryotic cells contain organelles that allow the specializations and the separation of functions within the cell.
Section 3: Eukaryotic cells contain organelles that allow the specializations and the separation of functions within the cell. K What I Know W What I Want to Find Out L What I Learned Essential Questions
More informationCELL PART OF THE DAY. Chapter 7: Cell Structure and Function
CELL PART OF THE DAY Chapter 7: Cell Structure and Function Cell Membrane Cell membranes are composed of two phospholipid layers. Cell membrane is flexible, not rigid The cell membrane has two major functions.
More informationLysosomes. Vacuoles. Phagocytosis. One cell engulfing another. forms a food vacuole. fuses with lysosome. Autophagy. Lysosomes use enzymes
Lysosomes Phagocytosis One cell engulfing another forms a food vacuole fuses with lysosome Autophagy Lysosomes use enzymes to recycle the cell s own organelles and macromolecules Fig. 6-14 Nucleus 1 µm
More informationAP Biology. Tour of the Cell 1
Tour of the Cell 1 Types of cells Prokaryote bacteria cells - no organelles - organelles Eukaryote animal cells Eukaryote plant cells Why organelles? Specialized structures specialized functions cilia
More informationAnimal & Plant Cells Biology 20
Animal & Plant Cells Biology 20 Structures in Cells ALL cells start out as fully functional living things They must be able to create and maintain substances (compounds, ATP, ADP) and structures (membranes,
More informationCytology II Study of Cells
Cytology II Study of Cells Biology 20 Cellular Basis of Life 1. Basic unit of Life 2. Composed of one or more cells 3. Arises from pre-existing cells Asexual (Mitosis)/Sexual (Meiosis) 4. Surrounded by
More informationSBI3U7 Cell Structure & Organelles. 2.2 Prokaryotic Cells 2.3 Eukaryotic Cells
SBI3U7 Cell Structure & Organelles 2.2 Prokaryotic Cells 2.3 Eukaryotic Cells No nucleus Prokaryotic Cells No membrane bound organelles Has a nucleus Eukaryotic Cells Membrane bound organelles Unicellular
More informationCellular Boundaries. Cell Organelles. The Nucleus and Cell Control. Cell Membrane. Cell Wall. Nucleus 10/11/2012. Cell Membrane Cell Wall
Cell Organelles Cellular Boundaries Protects cell Support and shape Controls what comes in and out of the cell Selectively permeable the process in which a membrane allows some molecules to pass through
More informationCell Structure and Function. Biology 12 Unit 1 Cell Structure and Function Inquiry into Life pages and 68-69
Cell Structure and Function Biology 12 Unit 1 Cell Structure and Function Inquiry into Life pages 45 59 and 68-69 Assignments for this Unit Pick up the notes/worksheet for this unit and the project There
More informationBiology Structures in Cells. 1.3 Structures in Cells
Biology 2201 1.3 Structures in Cells Structures in Cells ALL cells start out as fully functional living things They must be able to create and maintain substances (compounds, ATP, ADP) and structures (membranes,
More informationLECTURE PRESENTATIONS
LECTURE PRESENTATIONS For CAMPBELL BIOLOGY, NINTH EDITION Jane B. Reece, Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Robert B. Jackson Chapter 6 A Tour of the Cell Lectures by
More informationUnit A: Cells. Ch. 4 A Tour of the Cell
Unit A: Cells Ch. 4 A Tour of the Cell Standards By the end of this unit you should be able to: Recognize and explain the function of each organelle Look at micrographs/diagrams/pictures and correctly
More informationCell Biology. a review! Cell Theory & Cell Structures
Cell Biology Cell Theory & a review! Cell Structures Cell Theory refers to the idea that cells are the basic unit of structure and function of all living things. Cells are either prokaryotic or eukaryotic
More informationThe Study of Cells The diversity of the cells of the body The following figure shows the proportion of cell size of the variety of cells in the body
Adapted from Martini Human Anatomy 7th ed. Chapter 2 Foundations: The Cell Introduction There are trillions of cells in the body Cells are the structural building blocks of all plants and animals Cells
More informationFungal cell walls are rigid with less flexibility due to a combination of more sugar (more chitin) and protein flexibility.
Cell Structure Assignment Score. Name Sec.. Date. Working by yourself or in a group, answer the following questions about the Cell Structure material. This assignment is worth 40 points with the possible
More informationCell Structure & Interactions
Cells Structures & Interactions Overview 1830s-Botanist Matthias Schleiden and zoologist Theodor Schwann were studying tissues and proposed the unified cell theory All living things are composed of one
More informationNOTES: CH 6 A Tour of the Cell
NOTES: CH 6 A Tour of the Cell Overview: The Importance of Cells All organisms are made of cells The cell is the simplest collection of matter that can live Cell structure is correlated to cellular function
More informationCh 3 Cell Structure 10/1/2008. Cells Under the Microscope. Natural laws limit cell size. Biology Periods 2, 3, 4, & 6 Mrs.
Ch 3 Cell Structure Cells Under the Microscope Electron microscopes have much higher magnifying and resolving powers than light microscopes. Biology Periods 2, 3, 4, & 6 Mrs. Stolipher Cell size and shape
More informationCHAPTER 4 - CELLS. All living things are made up of one or more cells. A cell is the smallest unit that can carry on all of the processes of life.
CHAPTER 4 - CELLS Objectives Name the scientists who first observed living and nonliving cells. Summarize the research that led to the development of the cell theory. State the three principles of the
More informationA Tour of the Cell. Chapter 6. Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece. PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for
Chapter 6 A Tour of the Cell PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece Lectures by Chris Romero, updated by Erin Barley with contributions from Joan Sharp
More informationBIOLOGY 111. CHAPTER 3: The Cell: The Fundamental Unit of Life
BIOLOGY 111 CHAPTER 3: The Cell: The Fundamental Unit of Life The Cell: The Fundamental Unit of Life Learning Outcomes 3.1 Explain the similarities and differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells
More informationBiological diversity & Unity. Chapter 7. Activities of life. How do we study cells? Light Microscope. Electron Microscope 9/7/2012
Biological diversity & Unity Chapter 7 The cell: Basic unit of Life Underlying the diversity of life is a striking unity DNA is universal genetic language Cells are the basic unit of structure & function
More informationBIOLOGY 12 - CELL STRUCTURE & FUNCTION: Chapter Notes THE CELL THEORY
BIOLOGY 12 - CELL STRUCTURE & FUNCTION: Chapter Notes THE CELL THEORY 1. All living organisms are made up of one or more cells 2. The cell is the basic unit of life 3. All cells come from the division
More information