A. Structure and Function 1. Carbon a. Forms four (4) covalent bonds linked together in chains or rings Forms skeleton of basic biochemicals b.
|
|
|
- Sandra Underwood
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Biochemistry
2 2 A. Structure and Function 1. arbon a. Forms four (4) covalent bonds linked together in chains or rings Forms skeleton of basic biochemicals b. in three dimensions (3D) Diagrams in 2D may appear as 90 o angles Actual angle in 3D is o Tetrahedryl shape c.,,,
3 2. Functional Groups 3 ydroxyl Polar Alcohols and sugars arboxyl (Acid), Polar & acidic rganic acids, fatty acids, and amino acids
4 2. Functional Groups 4 Methyl 3 Nonpolar & hydrophobic Side chains, lipids Amino (Amine) N 2, N 3 + Polar & basic Amino acids; proteins
5 2. Functional Groups 5 Phosphate Polar & acidic DNA, RNA, ATP, and phospholipids 2 P 4, P 4, P 2-4
6 B. Macromolecules 6 Four Major lasses Fuels: arbohydrates and Lipids similar in all organisms sequence not coded by DNA Information: Proteins and Nucleic Acids distinctive in each organism unit sequence coded by DNA
7 1. arbohydrates 7 Fuel and Building Material Suffix -ose Size of carbon skeleton varies from 3 to 7 lassification # of arbon Example Triose 3 Glyceraldehyde Pentose 5 Ribose exose 6 Glucose
8 a. Monosaccharides 8 = simple sugars (one sweet) - (hydroxyl) attached to all but one remaining bonded to an oxygen = (carbonyl) 2:1 ratio of hydrogen to oxygen Glucose ( )
9 a. Monosaccharides 9 Soluble in water Taste sweet Many form rings in solution Galactose ( ) Deoxyribose ( ) 2 2
10 a. Monosaccharides 10 Many monosaccharides are isomers Same molecular formula Different structural formulas With different physical properties ( ) ( ) ( ) 2 Galactose 2 Glucose 2 2 Fructose
11 ondensation of Maltose 11 Dehydration Synthesis
12 ydrolysis of Maltose 12 Water is split (hydrolysis) Reverse reaction of condensation The metabolism of digestion ydrolysis
13 b. Disaccharides 13 = double sugars (two sweets) 2 monosaccharides joined by dehydration synthesis (condensation) Sucrose is a disaccharide of glucose & fructose 2 Glucose Fructose 2 2 Sucrose & Water 2
14 b. Disaccharides 14 Water is removed from the monosaccharides (dehydration) A disaccharide is produced (synthesis) 2:1 ratio of hydrogen to oxygen remains Part of the metabolism in many plants sucrose = table sugar (pure cane sugar) 2 2 2
15 c. Polysaccharides 15 = polymers of monosaccharides = complex carbohydrates formed by condensation polymerization glucose molecules linked by dehydration synthesis 4 basic types storage structure plants animals
16 c. Polysaccharides 16 4 basic types storage structure plants Starches animals Starches helical glucose polymer Amylose: 1, 4 linkages
17 17 4 basic types storage structure plants Starches animals Starches helical glucose polymer Amylose: 1, 4 linkages Amylpectin: 1, 4 with 1, 6 branching
18 c. Polysaccharides 18 4 basic types storage structure plants Starches ellulose animals ellulose linear glucose polymer 1, 4 and 4, 6 linkages plant cell walls fiber and wood
19 c. Polysaccharides 19 4 basic types storage structure plants Starches ellulose animals Glycogen Glycogen large glucose polymer 1, 4 and 4, 6 linkages extensively branched stored in liver and muscle tissue
20 c. Polysaccharides 20 4 basic types storage structure plants Starches ellulose animals Glycogen hitin hitin structural polymer of amino sugar similar to glucose arthropod exoskeletons fungi cell walls
21 21 Plant Starch (Amylose) Actually forms a spiral 2 Glucose Polymerization of glucose to form starch
22 Starch
23 ellulose Structure
24 ellulose 24
25 hitin N 2 3 N 2 N 2 N 2 N 3 3 3
26 hitin 26
27 2. Lipids 27 ydrophobic Molecules Nonpolar; mostly and Diverse a) Triglycerides b) Phospholipids c) Steroids
28 a. Triglycerides 28 Three fatty acids and a glycerol Glycerol has 3 carbons each with an group Each fatty acid has a group These condense to form triglyceride and three 2 (by dehydration synthesis)
29 Fatty Acids 29 Determines properties of fat ydrocarbon chain with a Most fats = 3 FAs + glycerol Glycerol: 3-carbon alcohol 3 s attract the of FAs Saturated - No = double bonds Unsaturated - ne or more = double bonds
30 3 chains may be the same or may differ a. Triglycerides 30 Variations are in the fatty acid composition: length of chain number and location of = bonds
31 31 Triglyceride Triglyceride (Fat) Formation Add 3 Fatty Acids Glycerol 3 Waters Remove These Waters
32 a. Triglycerides 32 Saturated Fats No = double bonds Maximum number of hydrogen Usually solid Beef Fat Animal sources
33 a. Triglycerides 33 Unsaturated Fats (ils) ne or more = double bonds Tails kink Linseed il Usually liquid Plant sources
34 b. Phospholipids 34 Two fatty acids, a polar head, and a glycerol Like a triglyceride 1 fatty acid swapped for polar phosphate Soap-like properties ydrophobic and ydrophilic ends omponent of ell Membranes
35 b. Phospholipids 35 Polar ead Glycerol Fatty Acid Tails ydrophilic ydrophobic
36 c. Fat-like Substances 36 omplex ring forms arotenoids holesterol Natural substance Found in cell surfaces
37 Steroids (holesterol derivatives) 37 holesterol Estradiol Testosterone
38 3. Proteins 38 Polymers of amino acids Molecular tools for multiple roles Enzymes i.e. amylase, catalase ormones i.e. insulin, glucagon arriers i.e. hemoglobin, cytochromes Structure i.e. collagen, myosin
39 a. Amino Acids 39 Small molecules 20 kinds 1 carboxyl group 1 amino group N 2 1 hydrogen atom 1 variable "R" group determines uniqueness Joined by peptide bonds to form polypeptide Different sequence makes different protein
40 a. Amino Acids 40 Amino Group arboxylic Acid Group R entral arbon R Group (20 variations)
41 d. Fibrous Protein 41 ollagen consists of three chains wrapped as a triple helix Fibrous structural, extended water insoluble
42 Pepsin d. Globular Protein digestive enzyme hydrolysis of peptide bonds 42 Globular non-structural compact, sherical
43 d. Protein Denaturation 43 Loss of function Process of unfolding or grossly changing the tertiary structure of a protein. igh temps Extreme p Salts
44 Amino Acids: Phenylalanine Structure 44 Amine Group arboxylic Acid Group Alpha arbon Phenylalanine R Group
45 Amino Acids: Leucine Structure 45 Amine Group arboxylic Acid Group Leucine R Group
46 Amino Acids: ysteine Structure 46 Amine Group arboxylic Acid Group ysteine R Group
47 b. Peptide Bond Phenylalanine Leucine 47 By ondensation between & N 2
48 b. Dipeptide Peptide Bond 48 Water
49 c. Structural omplexity 49 Primary: AA sequence, disulfide bridges Secondary: oiling of the chain helices or pleated sheets Tertiary: folding and rotating Quaternary: Two or more polypeptides chains
50 c. Structural omplexity Primary Tertiary (Sequence) (Folding) 50 Quaternary (Layering) Secondary (oiling)
51 helices or pleated sheets 51 Secondary Structures Insulin two chains a helix in the green chain two short helices in blue Fibronectin a cell adhesion protein consists entirely of beta-sheets
52 4. Nucleic Acids 52 Information polymers ondensation of nucleotides Phosphate of one nucleotide to Sugar of next nucleotide
53 a. Nucleotides 53 Each nucleotide is made of three parts a pentose (ribose or deoxyribose) a phosphate group ( P 4 ) a nitrogenous base (5 types source of variation)
54 54 a. Nucleotides N 2 Phosphate Group P 2 N N N N Deoxyribose or Ribose Nitrogenous Base (1 of 5) Pentose Sugar
55 a. Nucleotides 55 May make RNA or DNA Some are energy carriers (ATP, NAD) Some are chemical messengers (camp)
56 Nucleic Acid Molecule Nucleotides can be joined together into a chain 56 Result is a nucleic acid Nucleotide polymer DNA or RNA onnected by sugarphosphate backbone
57 yclic AMP: (Adenosine Monophosphate) N 2 57 Used for intracellular communication 2 N N N N Ribose P
58 ATP: (Adenosine Triphosphate) 58 Used for energy transfer N 2 from one molecule to another P P P 2 N N N N Deoxyribose or Ribose
59 59 oenzyme Structure N 2 P 2 N N N N Deoxyribose or Ribose
Biological Molecules. Carbohydrates, Proteins, Lipids, and Nucleic Acids
Biological Molecules Carbohydrates, Proteins, Lipids, and Nucleic Acids Organic Molecules Always contain Carbon (C) and Hydrogen (H) Carbon is missing four electrons Capable of forming 4 covalent bonds
The Star of The Show (Ch. 3)
The Star of The Show (Ch. 3) Why study Carbon? All of life is built on carbon Cells ~72% 2 O ~25% carbon compounds carbohydrates lipids proteins nucleic acids ~3% salts Na, Cl, K Chemistry of Life Organic
Lesson 2. Biological Molecules. Introduction to Life Processes - SCI 102 1
Lesson 2 Biological Molecules Introduction to Life Processes - SCI 102 1 Carbon in Biological Molecules Organic molecules contain carbon (C) and hydrogen (H) Example: glucose (C 6 H 12 O 6 ) Inorganic
Identify the characteristics of carbon that allow it to play such an important role in the chemistry of life.
Module 1D Biochemistry Biochemistry is the chemistry of living organisms. In this module we will focus on the structure, function, and properties of the various organic molecules that make up living organisms.
Chapter 2 pt 2. Atoms, Molecules, and Life. Gregory Ahearn. John Crocker. Including the lecture Materials of
Chapter 2 pt 2 Atoms, Molecules, and Life Including the lecture Materials of Gregory Ahearn University of North Florida with amendments and additions by John Crocker Copyright 2009 Pearson Education, Inc..
Chapter 5 Structure and Function Of Large Biomolecules
Formation of Macromolecules Monomers Polymers Macromolecules Smaller larger Chapter 5 Structure and Function Of Large Biomolecules monomer: single unit dimer: two monomers polymer: three or more monomers
BIOCHEMISTRY. How Are Macromolecules Formed? Dehydration Synthesis or condensation reaction Polymers formed by combining monomers and removing water.
BIOCHEMISTRY Organic compounds Compounds that contain carbon are called organic. Inorganic compounds do not contain carbon. Carbon has 4 electrons in outer shell. Carbon can form covalent bonds with as
The Chemical Building Blocks of Life. Chapter 3
The Chemical Building Blocks of Life Chapter 3 Biological Molecules Biological molecules consist primarily of -carbon bonded to carbon, or -carbon bonded to other molecules. Carbon can form up to 4 covalent
Biological Molecules
The Chemical Building Blocks of Life Chapter 3 Biological molecules consist primarily of -carbon bonded to carbon, or -carbon bonded to other molecules. Carbon can form up to 4 covalent bonds. Carbon may
Unit 3: Chemistry of Life Mr. Nagel Meade High School
Unit 3: Chemistry of Life Mr. Nagel Meade High School IB Syllabus Statements 3.2.1 Distinguish between organic and inorganic compounds. 3.2.2 Identify amino acids, glucose, ribose and fatty acids from
The Structure and Function of Macromolecules
The Structure and Function of Macromolecules I. Polymers What is a polymer? Poly = many; mer = part. A polymer is a large molecule consisting of many smaller sub-units bonded together. What is a monomer?
CARBOHYDRATES. Produce energy for living things Atoms? Monomer Examples? Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in 1:2:1 ratio.
CARBOHYDRATES Produce energy for living things Atoms? Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in 1:2:1 ratio Monomer Examples? Sugars, starches MONOSACCHARIDES--- main source of energy for cells Glucose Know formula?
What are the molecules of life?
Molecules of Life What are the molecules of life? Organic Compounds Complex Carbohydrates Lipids Proteins Nucleic Acids Organic Compounds Carbon- hydrogen based molecules From Structure to Function Ø Carbon
Chapter 3- Organic Molecules
Chapter 3- Organic Molecules CHNOPS Six of the most abundant elements of life (make up 95% of the weight of all living things)! What are they used for? Structures, enzymes, energy, hormones, DNA How do
INTRODUCTION TO ORGANIC COMPOUNDS. Copyright 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
INTRODUCTION TO ORGANIC COMPOUNDS 3.1 I can explain why carbon is unparalleled in its ability to form large, diverse molecules. Diverse molecules found in cells are composed of carbon bonded to other elements
Carbon. Isomers. The Chemical Building Blocks of Life
The Chemical Building Blocks of Life Carbon Chapter 3 Framework of biological molecules consists primarily of carbon bonded to Carbon O, N, S, P or H Can form up to 4 covalent bonds Hydrocarbons molecule
Macromolecules. Honors Biology
Macromolecules onors Biology 1 The building materials of the body are known as macromolecules because they can be very large There are four types of macromolecules: 1. Proteins 2. Nucleic acids 3. arbohydrates
Unit 1: Level of organization Chemistry (macromolecules)
Unit 1: Level of organization hemistry (macromolecules) Levels of organization: Unit 1 Small to large: atoms molecules macromolecules Then larger (microscopic stuff): cells and their parts (organelles)
Biological Molecules
Chemical Building Blocks of Life Chapter 3 Biological Molecules Biological molecules consist primarily of -carbon bonded to carbon, or -carbon bonded to other molecules. Carbon can form up to 4 covalent
Macro molecule = is all the reactions that take place in cells, the sum of all chemical reactions that occur within a living organism Anabolism:
Macromolecule Macro molecule = molecule that is built up from smaller units The smaller single subunits that make up macromolecules are known as Joining two or more single units together form a M is all
Biology: Life on Earth Chapter 3 Molecules of life
Biology: Life on Earth Chapter 3 Molecules of life Chapter 3 Outline 3.1 Why Is Carbon So Important in Biological Molecules? p. 38 3.2 How Are Organic Molecules Synthesized? p. 38 3.3 What Are Carbohydrates?
Organic Compounds. (Carbon Compounds) Carbohydrates Lipids Proteins Nucleic Acids
Organic Compounds (Carbon Compounds) Carbohydrates Lipids Proteins Nucleic Acids Carbon s Bonding Behavior Outer shell of carbon has 4 electrons; can hold 8 Each carbon atom can form covalent bonds with
Macromolecules. copyright cmassengale
Macromolecules 1 Organic Compounds Compounds that contain CARBON are called organic. Macromolecules are large organic molecules. 2 Carbon (C) Carbon has 4 electrons in outer shell. Carbon can form covalent
Organic Compounds. Compounds that contain CARBON are called organic. Macromolecules are large organic molecules.
Macromolecules Organic Compounds Compounds that contain CARBON are called organic. Macromolecules are large organic molecules. Carbon (C) Carbon has 4 electrons in outer shell. Carbon can form covalent
Honors Biology Chapter 3: Macromolecules PPT Notes
Honors Biology Chapter 3: Macromolecules PPT Notes 3.1 I can explain why carbon is unparalleled in its ability to form large, diverse molecules. Diverse molecules found in cells are composed of carbon
Chapter 5 THE STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF LARGE BIOLOGICAL MOLECULES
Chapter 5 THE STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF LARGE BIOLOGICAL MOLECULES You Must Know The role of dehydration synthesis in the formation of organic compounds and hydrolysis in the digestion of organic compounds.
Chapter 2. Chemical Composition of the Body
Chapter 2 Chemical Composition of the Body Carbohydrates Organic molecules that contain carbon, hydrogen and oxygen General formula C n H 2n O n -ose denotes a sugar molecule Supply energy Glucose Complex
Composed of long chains of smaller molecules Macromolecules are formed through the process of polymerization
Chapter 5, Campbell Composed of long chains of smaller molecules Macromolecules are formed through the process of polymerization. Polymerization = large compounds are built by joining smaller ones together
Organic Molecules. Contain C
Contain C Organic Molecules Can form 4 strong covalent bonds Ergo can form many complex, stable molecules Chemistry of life is complex, and requires complex molecules However, several kinds of molecules
Chemistry of Carbon. All living things rely on one particular type of molecule: carbon
Ach Chemistry of Carbon All living things rely on one particular type of molecule: carbon Carbon atom with an outer shell of four electrons can form covalent bonds with four atoms. In organic molecules,
Macromolecules. You are what you eat! Chapter 5. AP Biology
Macromolecules You are what you eat! Chapter 5 AP Biology Organic Compounds Contain bonds between CARBON glycosidic bond AP Biology Carbohydrates Structure / monomer u monosaccharide Function u energy
Organic Molecules. 8/27/2004 Mr. Davenport 1
Organic Molecules 8/27/2004 Mr. Davenport 1 Carbohydrates Commonly called sugars and starches Consist of C, H, O with H:O ration 2:1 Usually classified as to sugar units Monosaccharide are single sugar
All living things are mostly composed of 4 elements: H, O, N, C honk Compounds are broken down into 2 general categories: Inorganic Compounds:
Biochemistry Organic Chemistry All living things are mostly composed of 4 elements: H, O, N, C honk Compounds are broken down into 2 general categories: Inorganic Compounds: Do not contain carbon Organic
Macromolecules. Note: If you have not taken Chemistry 11 (or if you ve forgotten some of it), read the Chemistry Review Notes on your own.
Macromolecules Note: If you have not taken Chemistry 11 (or if you ve forgotten some of it), read the Chemistry Review Notes on your own. Macromolecules are giant molecules made up of thousands or hundreds
CHAPTER 3. Carbon & the Molecular Diversity of Life
CHAPTER 3 Carbon & the Molecular Diversity of Life Carbon: The Organic Element Compounds that are synthesized by cells and contain carbon are organic So what is inorganic? Why are carbon compounds so prevalent?
Chapter 2 The Chemistry of Life Part 2
Chapter 2 The Chemistry of Life Part 2 Carbohydrates are Polymers of Monosaccharides Three different ways to represent a monosaccharide Carbohydrates Carbohydrates are sugars and starches and provide
3.1 Carbon is Central to the Living World
BIOL 100 Ch. 3 1 3.1 Carbon is Central to the Living World Carbon Central element to life Most biological molecules are built on a carbon framework. Organic molecules Humans 18.5% Carbon Why is Carbon
Macromolecules. 3. There are several levels of protein structure, the most complex of which is A) primary B) secondary C) tertiary D) quaternary
Macromolecules 1. If you remove all of the functional groups from an organic molecule so that it has only carbon and hydrogen atoms, the molecule become a molecule. A) carbohydrate B) carbonyl C) carboxyl
Biology 5A Fall 2010 Macromolecules Chapter 5
Learning Outcomes: Macromolecules List and describe the four major classes of molecules Describe the formation of a glycosidic linkage and distinguish between monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides
A BEGINNER S GUIDE TO BIOCHEMISTRY
A BEGINNER S GUIDE TO BIOCHEMISTRY Life is basically a chemical process Organic substances: contain carbon atoms bonded to other carbon atom 4 classes: carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids Chemical
Unit #2: Biochemistry
Unit #2: Biochemistry STRUCTURE & FUNCTION OF FOUR MACROMOLECULES What are the four main biomolecules? How is each biomolecule structured? What are their roles in life? Where do we find them in our body?
The Building blocks of life. Macromolecules
The Building blocks of life Macromolecules 1 copyright cmassengale 2 Organic Compounds Compounds that contain CARBON are called organic. Macromolecules are large organic molecules. 3 LIFE ON EARTH IS CARBON-BASED
Organic Compounds. Compounds that contain CARBON are called organic. Macromolecules are large organic molecules.
Macromolecules 1 Organic Compounds Compounds that contain CARBON are called organic. Macromolecules are large organic molecules. 2 Carbon (C) Carbon has 4 electrons in outer shell. Carbon can form covalent
Biological Chemistry. Is biochemistry fun? - Find it out!
Biological Chemistry Is biochemistry fun? - Find it out! 1. Key concepts Outline 2. Condensation and Hydrolysis Reactions 3. Carbohydrates 4. Lipids 5. Proteins 6. Nucleic Acids Key Concepts: 1. Organic
Bio 12 Chapter 2 Test Review
Bio 12 Chapter 2 Test Review 1.Know the difference between ionic and covalent bonds In order to complete outer shells in electrons bonds can be Ionic; one atom donates or receives electrons Covalent; atoms
Most life processes are a series of chemical reactions influenced by environmental and genetic factors.
Biochemistry II Most life processes are a series of chemical reactions influenced by environmental and genetic factors. Metabolism the sum of all biochemical processes 2 Metabolic Processes Anabolism-
Elements & Macromolecules in Organisms
Elements & Macromolecules in rganisms Most common elements in living things are carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen. These four elements constitute about 95% of your body weight. All compounds can be
Chp 2 (cont.) Organic Molecules. Spider s web and close up of capture strand - spider silk protein
Chp 2 (cont.) Organic Molecules Spider s web and close up of capture strand - spider silk protein 1! Molecular Diversity is Based on Carbon An organic molecule contains both carbon and hydrogen. Ex: Methane
Macromolecules. Macromolecules. Polymers. How to build a polymer 9/11/2015. Building Blocks of Life
Macromolecules Macromolecules Building Blocks of Life Smaller organic molecules join together to form larger molecules macromolecules 4 major classes of macromolecules: carbohydrates lipids proteins nucleic
Chapter 3 Guided Reading Notes Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life
AP Biology Name: Block Chapter 3 Guided Reading Notes Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life Most of this chapter is new material. We will discuss it all in detail. Section 1 1. Make an electron distribution
Biology Chapter 5. Biological macromolecules
Biology Chapter 5 Biological macromolecules Small molecules (like water and NaCl) have certain properties that arise from the bonds which hold atoms together in a particular arrangement. Many of the molecules
1 C 2 C 3 C 4 C 5 C 6 C 7 C 8 C
I. Carbon atoms form an enormous variety of structures A. Carbon has 4 valence electrons in the outer shell and therefore may form up to 4 covalent bonds B. Carbon tends to bond to C, H, O, N, S, and P
5.2 Lipids 5.21 Triglycerides 5.22 Phospholipids 5.23 Wax 5.24 Steroids. 5.3 Proteins 5.4 Nucleic Acids
BIOCHEMISTRY Class Notes Summary Table of Contents 1.0 Inorganic and Organic Compounds 2.0 Monomers and Polymers 3.0 Dehydration (Condensation) Synthesis 4.0 Hydrolysis Reaction 5.0 Organic Compounds 5.1
Organic Chemistry. Organic chemistry is the chemistry of carbon compounds. Biochemistry is the study of carbon compounds that crawl.
Organic Chemistry Organic chemistry is the chemistry of carbon compounds. Biochemistry is the study of carbon compounds that crawl. Organic Compounds - have carbon bonded to other atoms and determine structure/function
Macromolecules. The four groups of biomolecules or macromolecules found in living things which are essential to life are: 1. PROTEINS 1.
Macromolecules The four groups of biomolecules or macromolecules found in living things which are essential to life are: 1. PROTEINS 1. CARBOHYDRATES 1. LIPIDS 1. NUCLEIC ACIDS Carbon Compounds All compounds
The Structure and Function of Macromolecules (Chapter Five)
1 Most Macromolecules are Polymers The Structure and Function of Macromolecules (Chapter Five) POLYMER PRINCIPLES The four main classes of macromolecules are carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic
A. Lipids: Water-Insoluble Molecules
Biological Substances found in Living Tissues Lecture Series 3 Macromolecules: Their Structure and Function A. Lipids: Water-Insoluble Lipids can form large biological molecules, but these aggregations
Biology Kevin Dees. Biology Chapter 5. Biological macromolecules
Biology Chapter 5 Biological macromolecules Small molecules (like water and NaCl) have certain properties that arise from the bonds which hold atoms together in a particular arrangement. Many of the molecules
Macromolecules Structure and Function
Macromolecules Structure and Function Within cells, small organic molecules (monomers) are joined together to form larger molecules (polymers). Macromolecules are large molecules composed of thousands
So what happens to your lunch?
So what happens to your lunch? We are going to frame this section based on your lunch. You can find a million diet advice sources. Here s a good common sense one. http://www.nytimes.com/2015/04/21/upshot
Lecture Series 2 Macromolecules: Their Structure and Function
Lecture Series 2 Macromolecules: Their Structure and Function Reading Assignments Read Chapter 4 (Protein structure & Function) Biological Substances found in Living Tissues The big four in terms of macromolecules
Water: 1. The bond between water molecules is a(n) a. ionic bond b. covalent bond c. polar covalent bond d. hydrogen bond
Biology 12 - Biochemistry Practice Exam KEY Water: 1. The bond between water molecules is a(n) a. ionic bond b. covalent bond c. polar covalent bond d. hydrogen bond 2. The water properties: good solvent,
Biochemistry Macromolecules and Enzymes. Unit 02
Biochemistry Macromolecules and Enzymes Unit 02 Organic Compounds Compounds that contain CARBON are called organic. What is Carbon? Carbon has 4 electrons in outer shell. Carbon can form covalent bonds
Work and Energy. Synthesis Reactions. Exchange Reactions. Reaction Rates. Reversible Reactions 1/29/2012. Decoposition Reactions AB A + B
Work and Energy Energy - capacity to do work What is work? Potential energy- energy contained in an object chemical energy - potential energy in bonds of molecules free energy potential energy available
Lecture Series 2 Macromolecules: Their Structure and Function
Lecture Series 2 Macromolecules: Their Structure and Function Reading Assignments Read Chapter 4 (Protein structure & Function) Biological Substances found in Living Tissues The big four in terms of macromolecules
All living things are mostly composed of 4 elements: H, O, N, C honk Compounds are broken down into 2 general categories: Inorganic Compounds:
Organic Chemistry All living things are mostly composed of 4 elements: H, O, N, C honk Compounds are broken down into 2 general categories: Inorganic Compounds: Do not contain carbon Organic compounds
Biology Unit 2 Elements & Macromolecules in Organisms Date/Hour
Biology Unit 2 Name Elements & Macromolecules in rganisms Date/our Most common elements in living things are carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen. These four elements constitute about 95% of your body
Biology 12 - Biochemistry Practice Exam
Biology 12 - Biochemistry Practice Exam Name: Water: 1. The bond between water molecules is a (n) a. ionic bond b. covalent bond c. polar covalent bond d. hydrogen bond 2. The water properties: good solvent,
Chapter 3. Table of Contents. Section 1 Carbon Compounds. Section 2 Molecules of Life. Biochemistry
Biochemistry Table of Contents Section 1 Carbon Compounds Section 2 Molecules of Life Section 1 Carbon Compounds Objectives Distinguish between organic and inorganic compounds. Explain the importance of
AP BIOLOGY: READING ASSIGNMENT FOR CHAPTER 5
1) Complete the following table: Class Monomer Functions Carbohydrates 1. 3. Lipids 1. 3. Proteins 1. 3. 4. 5. 6. Nucleic Acids 1. 2) Circle the atoms of these two glucose molecules that will be removed
BIOLOGICALLY IMPORTANT MOLECULES
BIOLOGICALLY IMPORTANT MOLECULES ( use with printout from zerobio website) Note: images from internet and used for educational purposes only CARBOHYDRATES: MONOSACCHARIDES H GLUCOSE FRUCTOSE GALACTOSE
Chapter 5 The Structure and Function of Macromolecules
Chapter 5 The Structure and Function of Macromolecules Title: Sep 3 4:37 PM (1 of 65) macromolecules = smaller organic molecules that are joined together to make larger molecules four major classes: proteins
BIOLOGICAL MOLECULES. Although many inorganic compounds are essential to life, the vast majority of substances in living things are organic compounds.
BIOLOGY 12 BIOLOGICAL MOLECULES NAME: Although many inorganic compounds are essential to life, the vast majority of substances in living things are organic compounds. ORGANIC MOLECULES: Organic molecules
Macromolecules (Learning Objectives)
Macromolecules (Learning Objectives) Recognize the role of water in synthesis and breakdown of polymers Name &recognize the monomer and the chemical bond that holds the polymeric structure of all biomolecules
The Amazing Molecule: Water
The Amazing Molecule: Water All living things are made of chemicals. Understanding life requires an understanding of chemistry. Biochemistry- the chemistry of life helps us understand todays biological
Organic molecules are molecules that contain carbon and hydrogen.
Organic Chemistry, Biochemistry Introduction Organic molecules are molecules that contain carbon and hydrogen. All living things contain these organic molecules: carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic
Chapter 1. Chemistry of Life - Advanced TABLE 1.2: title
Condensation and Hydrolysis Condensation reactions are the chemical processes by which large organic compounds are synthesized from their monomeric units. Hydrolysis reactions are the reverse process.
Lecture Series 2 Macromolecules: Their Structure and Function
Lecture Series 2 Macromolecules: Their Structure and Function Reading Assignments Read Chapter 4 (Protein structure & Function) Biological Substances found in Living Tissues The big four in terms of macromolecules
Macromolecules. Molecules of Life
Macromolecules Molecules of Life Learning Objectives know the difference between a dehydration synthesis reaction and a hydrolysis reaction know the different types of biological macromolecules be able
NOTE: For studying for the final, you only have to worry about those with an asterix (*)
NOTE: For studying for the final, you only have to worry about those with an asterix (*) (*)1. An organic compound is one that: a. contains carbon b. is slightly acidic c. forms long chains d. is soluble
Chapter 5: The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules
Chapter 5: The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules 1. Name the four main classes of organic molecules found in all living things. Which of the four are classified as macromolecules. Define
I. Polymers & Macromolecules Figure 1: Polymers. Polymer: Macromolecule: Figure 2: Polymerization via Dehydration Synthesis
I. Polymers & Macromolecules Figure 1: Polymers Polymer: Macromolecule: Figure 2: Polymerization via Dehydration Synthesis 1 Dehydration Synthesis: Figure 3: Depolymerization via Hydrolysis Hydrolysis:
Biomolecules. Biomolecules. Carbohydrates. Biol 219 Lec 3 Fall Polysaccharides. Function: Glucose storage Fig. 2.2
Biomolecules Biomolecules Monomers Polymers Carbohydrates monosaccharides polysaccharides fatty acids triglycerides Proteins amino acids polypeptides Nucleic Acids nucleotides DNA, RNA Carbohydrates Carbohydrates
Water Carbon Macromolecules
Water Carbon Macromolecules I. CHEMISTRY: THE BASIS FOR LIFE Hydrogen bond Hydrogen bonds happen mainly between water molecules. The electrons between hydrogen and the other atoms are shared unequally
Chapter Three (Biochemistry)
Chapter Three (Biochemistry) 1 SECTION ONE: CARBON COMPOUNDS CARBON BONDING All compounds can be classified in two broad categories: organic compounds and inorganic compounds. Organic compounds are made
Learning Objectives. Learning Objectives (cont.) Chapter 3: Organic Chemistry 1. Lectures by Tariq Alalwan, Ph.D.
Biology, 10e Sylvia Mader Lectures by Tariq Alalwan, Ph.D. Learning Objectives List the features of carbon that result in the diversity of organic molecules. Describe how macromolecules are assembled and
Biological molecules
Biological molecules 04-04-16 Announcements Your lab report 1 is due now Quiz 1 is on Wednesday at the beginning of class, so don t be late Review Macromolecues are large molecules necessary for life made
Essential Biology 3.2 Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins. 1. Define organic molecule.
1. Define organic molecule. An organic molecule is a molecule that contains carbon and is found in living things. There are many organic molecules in living things. The same (or very similar) molecules
The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules
Chapter 5 The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece Lectures by Chris Romero, updated by Erin Barley
6/15/2015. Biological Molecules. Outline. Organic Compounds. Organic Compounds - definition Functional Groups Biological Molecules. What is organic?
Biological Molecules Biology 105 Lecture 3 Reading: Chapter 2 (pages 29 39) Outline Organic Compounds - definition Functional Groups Biological Molecules Carbohydrates Lipids Amino Acids and Proteins Nucleotides
Bio 12 Important Organic Compounds: Biological Molecules NOTES Name:
Bio 12 Important Organic Compounds: Biological Molecules NOTES Name: Many molecules of life are.(means many molecules joined together) Monomers: that exist individually Polymers: Large organic molecules
Chapter 5: The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules
Name Period Concept 5.1 Macromolecules are polymers, built from monomers 1. The large molecules of all living things fall into just four main classes. Name them. 2. Circle the three classes that are called
Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, and Nucleic Acids
Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, and Nucleic Acids Is it made of carbohydrates? Organic compounds composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a 1:2:1 ratio. A carbohydrate with 6 carbon atoms would have
The Structure and Function of Macromolecules
The Structure and Function of Macromolecules Macromolecules are polymers Polymer long molecule consisting of many similar building blocks. Monomer the small building block molecules. Carbohydrates, proteins
Organic Compounds. Biology-CP Mrs. Bradbury
Organic Compounds Biology-CP Mrs. Bradbury Carbon Chemistry The compounds that form the cells and tissues of the body are produced from similar compounds in the foods you eat. Common to most foods and
2.3 Carbon-Based Molecules. KEY CONCEPT Carbon-based molecules are the foundation of life.
KEY CONCEPT Carbon-based molecules are the foundation of life. Carbon atoms have unique bonding properties. Carbon forms covalent bonds with up to four other atoms, including other carbon atoms. Carbon-based
Chapter 3. The Molecules of Cells. Lecture by Richard L. Myers
Chapter 3 The Molecules of Cells PowerPoint Lectures for Biology: Concepts & Connections, Sixth Edition Campbell, Reece, Taylor, Simon, and Dickey Copyright 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Lecture by Richard
Organic Compounds: Carbohydrates
Organic Compounds: Carbohydrates Carbohydrates include sugars and starches Contain the elements C,H,O (H & O ratio like water, 2 H s to 1O), ex. glucose C 6 H 12 O 6 Word means hydrated carbon Classified
INTRODUCTION TO ORGANIC COMPOUNDS. Introduction: Got Lactose? The Molecules of Cells. Most of the world s population cannot digest milkbased
Chapter 3 The Molecules of Cells Introduction: Got Lactose? Most of the world s population cannot digest milkbased foods They are lactose intolerant, because they lack the enzyme lactase This illustrates