Cellular Respiration. Biology Standard B-3.2
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1 Cellular Respiration Biology Standard B-3.2
2 Warm-UP p. 100 Study for quiz on ATP and Photosynthesis. Agenda: Quiz Cellular Respiration Notes Cellular Respiration Lab
3 Cellular respiration is a process that takes place mostly in the mitochondria of the cell. The ultimate goal of cellular respiration is to convert the chemical energy in nutrients into chemical energy stored in ATP Any organic food molecule can be processed and broken down as a source of energy to produce ATP in the cell Remember, organic molecules include carbohydrates, fats/lipids, and proteins IN GENERAL, you can think of cellular respiration like this: nutrients + oxygen carbon dioxide + water + energy The Balanced Chemical Equation for Cellular Respiration looks like this: C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O + ATP Notice something? It s a MIRROR Image of Photosynthesis! 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O + ATP C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 What is Cellular Respiration
4 The Main Organelle in Cellular Respiration The mitochondria is the main organelle (found in plants and animal cells) involved in cellular respiration: Mitochondria Mitochondrial Cristae Mitochondrial Matrix
5 Aerobic vs. Anaerobic Cellular respiration s main function is to break down glucose into ATP Cellular Respiration occurs in 2 conditions: Aerobic = with oxygen Anaerobic = without oxygen The first stage of both aerobic and anaerobic respiration is glycolysis Glycolysis takes place in the cytoplasm of the cell
6 To transfer the energy stored in glucose to the ATP molecule, a cell must break down glucose slowly and capture the energy in stages. Aerobic cellular respiration has 3 stages: 1.Glycolysis 2.Kreb s Cycle (aka Citric Acid Cycle) 3.Electron Transport Chain The 3 stages of Aerobic Respiration
7 Glycolysis is a series of reactions using enzymes that takes place in the cytoplasm of the cell. During glycolysis a glucose molecule is broken down into pyruvic acid and ATP. Pyruvic acid is sometimes called pyruvate Animals = glucose comes from food Plants = glucose comes from photosynthesis The purpose of glycolysis is to produce pyruvic acid for the rest of cellular respiration Stage 1: Glycolysis
8 What s Next If oxygen is available, the next stage after glycolysis is the twostep process of aerobic respiration These 2 steps take place in the mitochondria of the cell Krebs Cycle Electron Transport Chain
9 Sometimes called the Citric Acid Cycle take place in the mitochondria of the cell The pyruvic acid formed in glycolysis travels into the mitochondria Here the pyruvate is chemically transformed through a series of steps Main Reactant of Krebs Cycle = Pyruvic Acid (From Glycolysis) Main Products of Krebs Cycle = Carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and energy (in the form of 2 ATP molecules and FADH2 and NADH) The purpose of the Krebs Cycle is to create energy compounds for the Electron Transport Chain. IN GENERAL, you can think of the Krebs Cycle like this: Pyruvic acid carbon dioxide + energy (2 ATP) Stage 2: Krebs Cycle
10 Most of the ATP molecules created in the cell are created during the electron transport chain (ETC) take place in the mitochondria of the cell Main ETC Reactant = Oxygen Other Reactants = FADH 2 and NADH These come from the Krebs Cycle Main ETC Products = ATP and H2O The main purpose of the ETC is to produce ATP molecules The ETC usually produces 34 ATP molecules!!! Stage 3: Electron Transport Chain
11 In Summary The process of aerobic respiration is generally represented using a balanced chemical equation. However, this equation does not represent all of the steps that occur during the process of aerobic respiration. C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O + energy/atp Glucose + 6 Oxygen 6 Carbon Dioxide + 6 Water + Energy TOTALS: Glycolysis = 2 ATP Krebs Cycle = 2 ATP ETC= 34 ATP 36 ATP created during aerobic respiration This ATP will begin to do work in the cell.
12 Now What Mrs. Wright? MAKE SURE YOUR NOTEBOOK IS IN ORDER!!!!! Cellular Respiration Lab Review procedure. Turn in Notebook to be graded: Vocabulary (99) ATP Reading Guide (102) Photosynthesis Reading Guide (107) IF YOU WERE ABSENT, YOU ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR THESE ITEMS and NOTES!
13 Glycolysis in Review Biochemical Reactions Chart p. 60 Biochemical Reactions Chart Specific Location Occurs in Reactants Products Function/Purpose Glycolysis Cytoplasm of the cell Plants, Animals, and Bacteria too! Glucose Pyruvate & Energy (ATP & NADH) To create pyruvate for the rest of cellular respiration
14 Krebs Cycle in Review Biochemical Reactions Chart Biochemical Reactions Chart Specific Location Occurs in Reactants Products Function/Purpose Krebs Cycle Mitochondria (matrix) Plants and Animals Pyruvic Acid CO 2 & Energy Molecules (ATP, FADH 2, NADH) Make energy molecules for the ETC
15 ETC in Review Biochemical Reactions Chart Biochemical Reactions Chart Specific Location Occurs in Reactants Products Function/Purpose ETC Mitochondria (cristae) Plants and Animals Oxygen Water & ATP! Create energy for the cell (up to 34 ATP)
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