Ch 3 Cell Structure 10/1/2008. Cells Under the Microscope. Natural laws limit cell size. Biology Periods 2, 3, 4, & 6 Mrs.
|
|
- Cecil Alvin Malone
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Ch 3 Cell Structure Cells Under the Microscope Electron microscopes have much higher magnifying and resolving powers than light microscopes. Biology Periods 2, 3, 4, & 6 Mrs. Stolipher Cell size and shape relate to function Figure 4.2 The Cell Theory The Cell Theory has three parts: 1. All living things are made of one or more cells. Natural laws limit cell size At minimum, a cell must be large enough to house the parts it needs to survive and reproduce The maximum size of a cell is limited by the amount of surface needed to obtain nutrients from the environment and dispose of wastes 2. Cells are the basic units of structure and function in organisms. 3. All cells arise from existing cells. 1
2 Cell Size Small cells function more efficiently than large cells. If a cell s surface area to-volume ratio is too low, substances cannot enter and leave the cell well enough to meet the cell s needs. A small cell has a greater ratio of surface area to volume than a large cell of the same shape 30 µm 10 µm Figure 4.3 Surface area of one large cube = 5,400 µm 2 Total surface area of 27 small cubes = 16,200 µm 2 Common Cell Features ALL Cells share common structural features, including: an outer boundary called the cell membrane, interior substance called cytoplasm, structural support called thecytoskeleton, genetic material in the form of DNA cellular structures that make proteins, called ribosomes Prokaryotes Prokaryotes are single-celled organisms that lack a nucleus and other internal compartments. They have a cell wall, may havecilia or flagella, and have a single circular molecule of DNA. Two Groups of Prokaryotes Early in the history of life, two different groups of prokaryotes evolved eubacteria (which are commonly called bacteria) and archaebacteria. Eubacteria are prokaryotes that contain a chemical called peptidoglycan in their cell walls. Archaebacteriaare prokaryotes that lack peptidoglycan in their cell walls and have unique lipids in their cell membranes. Eukaryotic cells are partitioned into functional compartments All other life forms are made up of one or more eukaryotic cells These are larger and more complex than prokaryotic cells Eukaryotes are distinguished by the presence of a true nucleus 2
3 Eukaryotic Cells Eukaryotic cells have: A nucleuswhich contains the cell s DNA Other internal compartments called organelles. Section 2 Cell Features Comparing Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes Watch video clip Ch 3 Sect 2 vc10 Eukaryotic Cells The cytoskeleton provides the interior framework of a cell. There are three basic kinds of cytoskeletal fibers. 1. Microfilaments:long slender filaments made of the protein actin 2. Microtubules: hollow tubes made of the protein tubulin. 3. Intermediate fibers: thick ropes made of protein. Eukaryotic Cells, continued The cytoskeleton s network of protein fibers anchors the cell s organelles and other components of the cytoplasm. The Cell Membrane The cell (plasma) membrane controls the cell s contact with the environment The cell membrane is a selectively permeable barrier that determines which substances enter and leave the cell. The selective permeability of the cell is mainly caused by the way phospholipids interact with water. The Cell Membrane, continued Cell membranes are made of a double layer of phospholipids, called a bilayer. A phospholipid is a lipid made of a phosphate group and two fatty acids. 3
4 The Cell Membrane, continued The Nucleus -cell s genetic control center Generally the largest organelle Thenucleus is an internal compartment that houses the cell s DNA. Most functions of a eukaryotic cell are controlled by the cell s nucleus. is surrounded by a double membrane called the nuclear envelope, which separates the nucleus from the cytoplasm Scattered over the surface of the nuclear envelope are many small channels called nuclear pores. The Nucleus, continued Section 3 Cell Organelles Nucleus of a Cell Overview: Many cell organelles are related through the endomembrane system The endomembrane system is a collection of membranous organelles These organelles manufacture and distribute cell products The endomembrane system divides the cell into compartments Endoplasmic reticulum () is part of the endomembrane system Ribosomesand the Endoplasmic Reticulum Ribosomes are the cellular structures on which proteins are made. The Endoplasmic Reticulum or is an extensive system of internal membranes that move proteins and other substances through the cell. 4
5 Ribosomesand the Endoplasmic Reticulum, continued The moves proteins and other substances within eukaryotic cells. Ribosomesand the Endoplasmic Reticulum, continued The part of the with attached ribosomes is called the rough. The rough helps transport proteins that are made by the attached ribosomes. New proteins enter the. The portion of the that contains the completed protein pinches off to form a vesicle. A vesicle is a small, membrane-bound sac that transports substances in cells. The rough manufactures membranes Ribosomes on its surface produce proteins Transport vesicle buds off Riboso me Sugar chain 4 3 protein inside transport vesicle Smooth endoplasmic reticulum has a variety of functions Smooth synthesizes lipids In some cells, it regulates carbohydrate metabolism and breaks down toxins and drugs Figure Polypept ide 2 Glycoprotein ROUGH SMOOTH ROUGH Nuclear envelope Ribosomesand the Endoplasmic Reticulum, continued Packaging and Distribution of Proteins SMOOTH Ribosomes ROUGH Vesicles that contain newly made proteins move through the cytoplasm from the to an organelle called the apparatus. Figure 4.9 5
6 The apparatus finishes, sorts, and ships cell products Section 3 Cell Organelles Apparatus The apparatus is a set of flattened, membrane-bound sacs that serve as the packaging and distribution center of the cell. These receive and modify products, then send them on to other organelles or to the cell membrane Lysosomes digest the cell s food and wastes Lysosomes are sacs of digestive enzymes budded off the Lysosomal enzymes LYSOSOME Nucleus digest food destroy bacteria recycle damaged organelles function in embryonic Food Plasma membrane Engulfment of particle Rough Transport vesicle (containing inactive hydrolytic enzymes) LYSOSOMES apparatus Lysosome engulfing damaged organelle Connection: Abnormal lysosomes can cause fatal diseases Lysosomal storage diseases are hereditary They interfere with other cellular functions Examples: Pompe sdisease - genetic disorder caused by a deficiency or dysfunction of the lysosomalhydrolasewhich breaks down glycogen. The build-up of glycogen causes progressive muscle weakness throughout the body and affects various body tissues, particularly in the heart, skeletal muscles, liverand nervous system. Tay-Sachs disease - occurs when harmful quantities of a fatty acidderivative called a gangliosideaccumulate in the nerve cells of the brain. It is usually fatal. Food vacuole Digestion Figure 4.11B 6
7 A review of the endomembrane system The various organelles of the endomembrane system are interconnected structurally and functionally Rough Nucleus Smo oth Trans port vesicl e from Nuclear envelope Transpo rt vesicle from Lysoso me appara tus Vacu ole Plasm a membr ane Figure 4.14 Mitochondria Mitochondria are organelles that harvest energy from organic compounds (food) to make ATP. Mitochondria carry out cellular respiration This process uses the chemical energy in food to make ATP for cellular work ATPis the main energy currency of cells. Most ATP is made inside the mitochondria. Mitochondria, continued Mitochondria, continued Mitochondria have two membranes. The outer membrane is smooth. The inner membrane is greatly folded, and has a large surface area. Mitochondriahave their own DNA. They reproduce independently of the cell. Mitochondrial DNA is similar to the DNA of prokaryotic cells. Mitochondriaare thought to be descendents of primitive prokaryotes. Structures of Plant Cells Plants have three unique structures that are not found in animal cells: Cell Wall Chloroplasts Central Vacuole Structures of Plant Cells cell wall The cell membrane of plant cells is surrounded by a thickcell wall, composed of proteins and carbohydrates. The cell wall helps support and maintain the shape of the cell protects the cell from damage connects the cell with adjacent cells 7
8 Structures of Plant Cells - chloroplasts are organelles that use light energy to make carbohydrates from carbon dioxide and water. along with mitochondria, supply much of the energy needed to power the activities of plant cells. like mitochondria, chloroplasts have their own DNA and reproduce independently of the plant cell. are thought to be descendents of ancient prokaryotes. Structures of Plant Cell central vacuole Most of a plant cell s volume is taken up by a large, membrane-bound space called the central vacuole. Functions in general maintenance of the cell The central vacuole stores water and may contain ions, nutrients, and wastes. Protists (single celled eukaryotes) may have contractile vacuoles Which work to pump out excess water apparatus Nucleus Rough endoplasmic reticulum Ribosomes Smooth endoplasmic reticulum An animal cell Rough endoplasmic reticulum Smooth endoplasmic reticulum Nucleus Not in animal cells Central vacuole Chloroplast Cell wall Microtubule Microfilament Cytoskeleton Not in most plant cells Flagellum Lysosome Ribosomes Mitochondrion Microtubule apparatus Plasma membrane Cytoskeleton Microfilament Mitochondrion Plasma membrane Figure 4.5B Figure 4.5A Summary of Organelles 8
Early scientists who observed cells made detailed sketches of what they saw.
Early scientists who observed cells made detailed sketches of what they saw. Early scientists who observed cells made detailed sketches of what they saw. CORK Early scientists who observed cells made detailed
More informationNucleic acids. Nucleic acids are information-rich polymers of nucleotides
Nucleic acids Nucleic acids are information-rich polymers of nucleotides DNA and RNA Serve as the blueprints for proteins and thus control the life of a cell RNA and DNA are made up of very similar nucleotides.
More informationA Tour of the Cell. Ch. 7
A Tour of the Cell Ch. 7 Cell Theory O All organisms are composed of one or more cells. O The cell is the basic unit of structure and organization of organisms. O All cells come from preexisting cells.
More informationA Tour of the Cell. Chapter 4. Most cells are microscopic. Cells vary in size and shape
Chapter 4 A Tour of the Cell Most cells are microscopic Cells vary in size and shape 10 m Human height 1 m Length of some nerve and muscle cells 100 mm (10 cm) 10 mm (1 cm) Chicken egg Unaided eye 1 mm
More informationOrganelles. copyright cmassengale 1
Organelles copyright cmassengale 1 Organelles Very small (Microscopic) Perform various functions for a cell Found in the cytoplasm May or may not be membrane-bound 2 Animal Cell Organelles Nucleolus Nucleus
More information4/12/17. Cells. Cell Structure. Ch. 2 Cell Structure and Func.on. Range of Cell Sizes BIOL 100
Ch. 2 Cell Structure and Func.on BIOL 100 Cells Fundamental units of life Cell theory All living things are composed of one or more cells. The cell is the most basic unit of life. All cells come from pre-existing
More informationFirst to View Cells. copyright cmassengale
CELL THEORY All living things are made of cells Cells are the basic unit of structure and function in an organism (basic unit of life) Cells come from the reproduction of existing cells (cell division)
More informationCytosol the fluid Cytoplasm cell interior, everything outside the nucleus but within the cell membrane, includes the organelles, cytosol, and
Cell Organelles Plasma Membrane comprised of a phospholipid bilayer and embedded proteins Outer surface has oligosaccharides separates the cells s contents from its surroundings Cytosol the fluid Cytoplasm
More informationDon t Freak Out. Test on cell organelle on Friday!
Cell Structure 1 Don t Freak Out Test on cell organelle on Friday! This test should be a buffer test and help raise your overall test score. All information will come from this week! 2 Cells Provide Compartments
More informationA. Major parts 1. Nucleus 2. Cytoplasm a. Contain organelles (see below) 3. Plasma membrane (To be discussed in Cellular Transport Lecture)
Lecture 5: Cellular Biology I. Cell Theory Concepts: 1. Cells are the functional and structural units of living organisms 2. The activity of an organism is dependent on both the individual and collective
More informationCell Structure & Function. Source:
Cell Structure & Function Source: http://koning.ecsu.ctstateu.edu/cell/cell.html Definition of Cell A cell is the smallest unit that is capable of performing life functions. http://web.jjay.cuny.edu/~acarpi/nsc/images/cell.gif
More informationStudy Guide for Biology Chapter 5
Class: Date: Study Guide for Biology Chapter 5 Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. Which of the following led to the discovery of cells? a.
More informationHuman Epithelial Cells
The Cell Human Epithelial Cells Plant Cells Cells have an internal structure Eukaryotic cells are organized Protective membrane around them that communicates with other cells Organelles have specific jobs
More informationTHE CELL Cells: Part 1
THE CELL Cells: Part 1 OBJECTIVES By the end of the lesson you should be able to: State the 2 types of cells Relate the structure to function for all the organelles TYPES OF CELLS There are two types of
More informationA Tour of the Cell. Chapter 6. Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece. PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for
Chapter 6 A Tour of the Cell PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece Lectures by Chris Romero, updated by Erin Barley with contributions from Joan Sharp
More informationBio10 Cell Structure SRJC
3.) Cell Structure and Function Structure of Cell Membranes Fluid mosaic model Mixed composition: Phospholipid bilayer Glycolipids Sterols Proteins Fluid Mosaic Model Phospholipids are not packed tightly
More informationPlasma Membrane. comprised of a phospholipid bilayer and embedded proteins separates the cells s contents from its surroundings
Cell Organelles Plasma Membrane comprised of a phospholipid bilayer and embedded proteins separates the cells s contents from its surroundings Cytosol the fluid Cytoplasm cell interior, everything outside
More informationThe Cell Organelles. Eukaryotic cell. The plasma membrane separates the cell from the environment. Plasma membrane: a cell s boundary
Eukaryotic cell The Cell Organelles Enclosed by plasma membrane Subdivided into membrane bound compartments - organelles One of the organelles is membrane bound nucleus Cytoplasm contains supporting matrix
More information10/13/11. Cell Theory. Cell Structure
Cell Structure Grade 12 Biology Cell Theory All organisms are composed of one or more cells. Cells are the smallest living units of all living organisms. Cells arise only by division of a previously existing
More informationEukaryotic Cell Structure
Eukaryotic Cell Structure Vocabulary listed for Chapter 7.3: cell wall, chromatin, nucleolus, ribosome, cytoplasm, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, vacuole, lysosome, chloroplast, plastid, chlorophyll,
More informationEukaryotic cells contain organelles that allow the specializations and the separation of functions within the cell.
Section 3: Eukaryotic cells contain organelles that allow the specializations and the separation of functions within the cell. K What I Know W What I Want to Find Out L What I Learned Essential Questions
More informationName 4 A Tour of the Cell Test Date Study Guide You must know: The difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. The structure and function of
Name _ 4 A Tour of the Cell Test Date Study Guide You must know: The difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. The structure and function of organelles common to plant and animal cells. The
More informationBasic Structure of a Cell. copyright cmassengale
Basic Structure of a Cell 1 Prokaryotes The first Cells Cells that lack a nucleus or membrane-bound organelles Includes bacteria Simplest type of cell Single, circular chromosome 2 Prokaryotes Nucleoid
More informationUnit A: Cells. Ch. 4 A Tour of the Cell
Unit A: Cells Ch. 4 A Tour of the Cell Standards By the end of this unit you should be able to: Recognize and explain the function of each organelle Look at micrographs/diagrams/pictures and correctly
More informationCell Structure and Function
Cell Structure and Function Agre and cells in the news Cells Smallest living unit Most are microscopic Discovery of Cells Robert Hooke (mid-1600s) Observed sliver of cork Saw row of empty boxes Coined
More informationCells & Cell Organelles. Doing Life s Work
Cells & Cell Organelles Doing Life s Work AP Biology 2009-2010 Types of cells bacteria cells Prokaryote - no organelles Eukaryotes - organelles animal cells plant cells Cell size comparison Animal cell
More informationCell Structure and Function
Cell Structure and Function Agre and cells in the news Cells Smallest living unit Most are microscopic Discovery of Cells Robert Hooke (mid-1600s) Observed sliver of cork Saw row of empty boxes Coined
More informationAnimal & Plant Cells Biology 20
Animal & Plant Cells Biology 20 Structures in Cells ALL cells start out as fully functional living things They must be able to create and maintain substances (compounds, ATP, ADP) and structures (membranes,
More informationCell are made up of organelles. An ORGANELLE is a specialized subunit within a cell that has a specific function.
Plant and Animal Cells The Cell Theory All living things are made up of one or more cells. All cells come from other cells. Organization of Living Things Cell are made up of organelles. An ORGANELLE is
More informationBasic Structure of a Cell. copyright cmassengale
Basic Structure of a Cell 1 Review Facts About Living Things 2 What Are the Main Characteristics of organisms? 1. Made of CELLS 2. Require ENERGY (food) 3. REPRODUCE (species) 4. Maintain HOMEOSTASIS 5.
More informationBiology Structures in Cells. 1.3 Structures in Cells
Biology 2201 1.3 Structures in Cells Structures in Cells ALL cells start out as fully functional living things They must be able to create and maintain substances (compounds, ATP, ADP) and structures (membranes,
More informationA Tour of the Cell Lecture 2, Part 1 Fall 2008
Cell Theory 1 A Tour of the Cell Lecture 2, Part 1 Fall 2008 Cells are the basic unit of structure and function The lowest level of structure that can perform all activities required for life Reproduction
More informationORGANELLES OF THE ENDOMEMBRANE SYSTEM
Membranes compartmentalize the interior of the cell and facilitate a variety of metabolic activities. Chloroplasts and a rigid cell wall are what distinguish a plant cell from an animal cell. A typical
More informationThe Cell. Biology 105 Lecture 4 Reading: Chapter 3 (pages 47 62)
The Cell Biology 105 Lecture 4 Reading: Chapter 3 (pages 47 62) Outline I. Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic II. Eukaryotic A. Plasma membrane transport across B. Main features of animal cells and their functions
More informationEndomembrane system, *Chloroplasts, *Mitochondria. *Learn these from text/connect1. Fertilization of a human cell
Key Concepts: - Cells are the Basic Unit of Life Cell Theory, Surface to Volume - 2 Cell Types Prokaryotic, Eukaryotic - Cell Membrane Membrane Structure - Cell Organelles Endomembrane system, *Chloroplasts,
More informationEukaryotic Cell Structures
Comparing the Cell to a Factory Eukaryotic Cell Structures Structures within a eukaryotic cell that perform important cellular functions are known as organelles. Cell biologists divide the eukaryotic cell
More informationCell Theory Vocabulary Flashcards
Mr. Powner Biology Cell Theory Vocabulary Flashcards Instructions: Cut out the flashcards from the following pages. The following word list is the vocabulary for studying cell theory. Write each word on
More informationPlant Cells. Chapter 3
Plant Cells Chapter 3 Major Learning Objectives Contrast prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells Describe the functions of 10 parts of a plant cell Summarize the similarities and differences between plant cells
More informationCell Structure and Function Chapter 3, Day 1 Notes
Review: Characteristics of Living Things Cell Structure and Function Chapter 3, Day 1 Notes 1. Made of 2. Require 3. (species) 4. Maintain 5. 6. to environment 7. 8. materials with surroundings (water,
More informationCells & Cell Organelles
Cells & Cell Organelles The Building Blocks of Life AP Biology 2008-2009 Types of cells bacteria cells Prokaryote - no organelles Eukaryotes - organelles animal cells plant cells Cell size comparison Animal
More informationA Tour of the Cell Period
Chapter 4 A Tour of the Cell Name Date Period California State standard covered within this chapter: Cell Biology 1. The fundamental life processes of plants and animals depend on a variety of chemical
More informationCytology II Study of Cells
Cytology II Study of Cells Biology 20 Cellular Basis of Life 1. Basic unit of Life 2. Composed of one or more cells 3. Arises from pre-existing cells Asexual (Mitosis)/Sexual (Meiosis) 4. Surrounded by
More information10/5/2015. Cell Size. Relative Rate of Reaction
The Cell Biology 102 Fundamental unit of life Smallest unit that displays all the basic elements of life Lecture 5: Cells Cell Theory 1. All living things are made of one or more cells Cell Theory 2. The
More informationBIOLOGY 111. CHAPTER 3: The Cell: The Fundamental Unit of Life
BIOLOGY 111 CHAPTER 3: The Cell: The Fundamental Unit of Life The Cell: The Fundamental Unit of Life Learning Outcomes 3.1 Explain the similarities and differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells
More informationMr. Powner Biology Cell Structure & Function Quiz Image Guide. Do NOT Write on this page. It is an Image guide for test questions.
Mr. Powner Biology Cell Structure & Function Quiz Prompts 1. The cell s managing structure; it contains most of the cell s genetic material (DNA, which stores information used to make proteins for cell
More informationChapter 4: Cell Structure and Function
Chapter 4: Cell Structure and Function Robert Hooke Fig. 4-2, p.51 The Cell Smallest unit of life Can survive on its own or has potential to do so Is highly organized for metabolism Senses and responds
More informationBasic Structure of a Cell
Basic Structure of a Cell 1 Introduction to Cells Cells are the basic units of organisms Cells can only be observed under microscope Basic types of cells: Animal Cell Plant Cell Bacterial Cell 2 Number
More informationPlants, Animals, Fungi and Protists have Eukaryotic Cell(s)
Cell Structure Plants, Animals, Fungi and Protists have Eukaryotic Cell(s) Plant Cell Animal Cell straight edges curved edges Cell Organization cytoplasm cell membrane Eukaryotic cells have 3 major parts:
More informationLIFE IS CELLULAR. Cell Theory. Cells Are Small. Prokaryotic Cell 10/4/15. Chapter 7 Cell Structure and Function
Chapter 7 Cell Structure and Function The cell basic unit of life, all living things are made of a cell (unicellular) or more than one cell (multicellular). LIFE IS CELLULAR The invention of the microscope
More informationSmallest living unit Most are microscopic
Smallest living unit Most are microscopic Robert Hooke (mid-1600s) Observed sliver of cork Saw row of empty boxes Coined the term cell (1839)Theodor Schwann & Matthias Schleiden all living things are made
More informationCells. Variation and Function of Cells
Cells Variation and Function of Cells Cell Theory states that: 1. All living things are made of cells 2. Cells are the basic unit of structure and function in living things 3. New cells are produced from
More informationCHAPTER 4 - CELLS. All living things are made up of one or more cells. A cell is the smallest unit that can carry on all of the processes of life.
CHAPTER 4 - CELLS Objectives Name the scientists who first observed living and nonliving cells. Summarize the research that led to the development of the cell theory. State the three principles of the
More informationA Tour of the Cell. reference: Chapter 6. Reference: Chapter 2
A Tour of the Cell reference: Chapter 6 Reference: Chapter 2 Monkey Fibroblast Cells stained with fluorescent dyes to show the nucleus (blue) and cytoskeleton (yellow and red fibers), image courtesy of
More informationChapter 7. (7-1 and 7-2) A Tour of the Cell
Chapter 7 (7-1 and 7-2) A Tour of the Cell Microscopes as Windows to the World of Cells Cells were first described in 1665 by Robert Hooke. By the mid-1800s, the accumulation of scientific evidence led
More informationLesson Overview. 7.2 Cell Structure
7.2 Cell Organization The eukaryotic cell can be divided into two major parts: the nucleus and the cytoplasm. The cytoplasm is the fluid portion of the cell outside the nucleus. Prokaryotes do not have
More informationCell Category? Prokaryote
CELLS Cell Category? Prokaryote Prokaryote Eukaryote Cell Category? Cell Type? Cell Category? Cell Type? Endosymbiosis eukaryotic cells were formed from simpler prokaryotes Endo within Symbiosis together
More informationLECTURE 3 CELL STRUCTURE
LECTURE 3 CELL STRUCTURE HISTORY The cell was first discovered by Robert Hooke in 1665 examining very thin slices of cork and saw a multitude of tiny pores that remarked looked like the walled compartments
More informationStructure and Function of Cells
Structure and Function of Cells Learning Outcomes Explain the cell theory Explain why cell size is usually very small Describe the Fluid Mosaic Model of membranes Describe similarities and differences
More informationCell Structure and Function
Cell Structure and Function Many Scientists Contributed to the Cell Theory! Hooke discovered cells while looking at cork under the microscope! Leewenhoek was the first to observe bacteria! Schleiden discovered
More informationNotes Chapter 7 Cell Structure and Function Hooke looked at cork under a simple microscope and found tiny chambers he named cells.
Notes Chapter 7 Cell Structure and Function 7.1 Cell discovery and Theory 1665 Hooke looked at cork under a simple microscope and found tiny chambers he named cells. Cells are the basic structural and
More informationCell Theory Vocabulary Flashcards
Mr. Powner Biology Cell Theory Vocabulary Flashcards Instructions: Cut out the flashcards from the following pages. Use the following words to label the backside of the flashcards. The words are not listed
More informationObjectives. To determine the differences between plant and animal cells To discover the structure and function of cellular organelles.
Cell Organelles 3.2 Objectives To determine the differences between plant and animal cells To discover the structure and function of cellular organelles. Basic Cellular Structures Cell membrane (cytoplasmic
More information2. scanning electron microscope vs. transmission electron microscope. nucleus, nuclear envelope, nucleolus, ribosomes
Honors Biology Unit 2 Chapter 4 A TOUR OF THE CELL 1. light microscope 2. scanning electron microscope vs. transmission electron microscope 3. surface area to volume ratio 4. prokaryotic cell vs. animal
More information4 A Tour of the Cell CAMPBELL BIOLOGY IN FOCUS. Urry Cain Wasserman Minorsky Jackson Reece
CAMPBELL BIOLOGY IN FOCUS Urry Cain Wasserman Minorsky Jackson Reece 4 A Tour of the Cell Lecture Presentations by Kathleen Fitzpatrick and Nicole Tunbridge Overview: The Fundamental Units of Life All
More informationOrganelles Defined. Class Copy CELL STUDY NOTES Class Copy
Cell Theory States: 1. All living things are composed of cells 2. Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things 3. New cells are produced from existing cells Organelles Defined Golgi
More informationChapters 2 and 3. Pages and Pages Prayer Attendance Homework
Chapters 2 and 3 Pages 44-45 and Pages 59-62 Prayer Attendance Homework The Cell The cell is the basic unit of life on Earth, separated from its environment by a membrane and sometimes an outer wall. Prokaryotic
More informationIn the space provided, write the letter of the term or phrase that best completes each statement or best answers each question.
CHAPTER 3 TEST Cell Structure Circle T if the statement is true or F if it is false. T F 1. Small cells can transport materials and information more quickly than larger cells can. T F 2. Newly made proteins
More informationCELL PART OF THE DAY. Chapter 7: Cell Structure and Function
CELL PART OF THE DAY Chapter 7: Cell Structure and Function Cell Membrane Cell membranes are composed of two phospholipid layers. Cell membrane is flexible, not rigid The cell membrane has two major functions.
More informationA Tour of the Cell Chapter 4. Outline. Early contributors to Understanding Cells. Cell Theory. Cell Size s Matt Schleiden & Ted Schann
A Tour of the Cell Chapter 4 Outline History of the science behind cells Cell theory & its importance Why are cells small? Microscopes Cell structure and function Prokaryotic cells Eukaryotic cells Early
More informationCell Structure and Function
Cell Theory Cell Structure and Function Chapter 6 Pg. 94-124 What is a cell? The basic functional unit of all living things. The Cell Theory states All organisms are made of one or more cells. Cells are
More informationCHAPTER 4 A TOUR OF THE CELL
CHAPTER 4 A TOUR OF THE CELL Microscopes Con. 4.1 magnification: size resolution: clarity contrast: differences in parts Light Microscopy Techniques (p.68) a. Brightfield unstained b. Brightfield stained
More informationCell Theory. Cells are the basic unit of life.
3.1 7.1 Cell Theory Cells are the basic unit of life. 3.1 7.1 Cell Theory The cell theory grew out of the work of many scientists Galileo (1610) made the first microscope Hooke (1665) made up the term
More informationCh. 6: A Tour of the Cell
Ch. 6: A Tour of the Cell 1. Compare the 2 Types of Cells PROKARYOTES BOTH EUKARYOTES Domain: Domain: Relative Size & Complexity: Relative Size & Complexity: No DNA in No Examples: Has Has Examples: 2.
More informationBIOSC 041. v Today s lecture. v Today s lab. v Note- Monday is a holiday good time to do some reading!
BIOSC 041 v Today s lecture Review questions Chapter 6, Cells More review questions v Today s lab Quick review of lab safety The Scientific Method start thinking about which environments you might want
More information3. Which cell has the greater ratio of surface area to volume?
Chapter 4 Worksheet A Tour of the Cell Exercise 1 Metric System Review/Size and Scale of Our World (4.1) Use the information in the two modules and the chart in Module 4.2 to complete the following table
More informationThe Cell. BIOLOGY OF HUMANS Concepts, Applications, and Issues. Judith Goodenough Betty McGuire
BIOLOGY OF HUMANS Concepts, Applications, and Issues Fifth Edition Judith Goodenough Betty McGuire 3 The Cell Lecture Presentation Anne Gasc Hawaii Pacific University and University of Hawaii Honolulu
More informationA Tour of the Cell. Chapter 6. Biology. Edited by Shawn Lester. Inner Life of Cell. Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece
Chapter 6 A Tour of the Cell Inner Life of Cell Edited by Shawn Lester PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece Lectures by Chris Romero, updated by Erin
More informationA TOUR OF THE CELL 10/1/2012
A TOUR OF THE CELL Chapter 6 KEY CONCEPTS: Eukaryotic cells have internal membranes that compartmentalize their functions The eukaryotic cell s genetic instructions are housed in the nucleus and carried
More informationHuman height. Length of some nerve and muscle cells. Chicken egg. Frog egg. Most plant and animal cells Nucleus Most bacteria Mitochondrion
10 m 1 m 0.1 m 1 cm Human height Length of some nerve and muscle cells Chicken egg Unaided eye 1 mm Frog egg 100 µm 10 µm 1 µm 100 nm 10 nm Most plant and animal cells Nucleus Most bacteria Mitochondrion
More information6. What surrounds the nucleus? How many membranes does it have?
Biology-R track Study Guide: 7.2 Cell Structure Cell Organization 1. What are the 2 major parts that you can divide the eukaryotic cell into? 2. What part is the fluid portion of the cell outside the nucleus?
More informationUnit 2:The Cell. Section 3: Organelle Structure and Function Mrs. McNamara Biology
Unit 2:The Cell Section 3: Organelle Structure and Function Mrs. McNamara Biology Organelle-cell part that performs a specific function for the cell Most are surrounded by a membrane Each helps to maintain
More informationObjectives. By the end of the lesson you should be able to: State the 2 types of cells Relate the structure to function for all the organelles
Biology 11 THE Cell Objectives By the end of the lesson you should be able to: State the 2 types of cells Relate the structure to function for all the organelles Types of Cells There are two types of cells:
More informationCellular Structure and Function. Chapter 7
Cellular Structure and Function. Chapter 7 Cell Discovery and Theory. A cell is the basic structural and functional unit of all living organisms. The human body is made of trillions of cells that are too
More informationLab 3: Cellular Structure and Function
Lab 3: Cellular Structure and Function What is the basic unit of life? The simplest form of life is the cell! All living things are either: unicellular (only one cell) multicellular (many cells make one
More informationCellular Structure and Function
7 Cellular Structure and Function section 2 The Plasma Membrane A cell s plasma membrane helps maintain homeostasis. What You ll Learn how the cell s plasma membrane functions the role of proteins, carbohydrates,
More informationChapter 3. Cell Structure
Chapter 3 Cell Structure Looking at Cells l The invention of microscopes allowed scientists to view cells for the first time l Scientists use the metric system to measure the size of cells l Metric Units
More informationCELL PARTS TYPICAL ANIMAL CELL
AP BIOLOGY CText Reference, Campbell v.8, Chapter 6 ACTIVITY1.12 NAME DATE HOUR CELL PARTS TYPICAL ANIMAL CELL ENDOMEMBRANE SYSTEM TYPICAL PLANT CELL QUESTIONS: 1. Write the name of the cell part in the
More informationCytoskeleton. Provide shape and support for the cell. Other functions of the cytoskeleton. Nucleolus. Nucleus
Chapter 4: Cell Structure and Function Cytoskeleton The cytoskeleton is a network of fibers that organizes structures and activities in the cell. Microtubules (the largest) Intermediate fibers Microfilaments
More informationFirst discovered in 1665 since then every organism observed with microscopes shows cells
The Cell Cell theory (1838): 1. All organisms are composed of one or more cells, and the life processes of metabolism and heredity occur within these cells. 2. Cells are the smallest living things, the
More information10 m Human height 1 m Length of some nerve and muscle cells eye 100 mm (10 cm) Chicken egg aid n 10 mm
Biology 112 Unit Three Chapter Four 1 Cell Sizes Smallest Bacteria Largest Bird egg Longest Giraffe s Nerve Cell Most Cells Diameter of 0.7µm to 105 µm 2 10 m 1 m 100 mm (10 cm) 10 mm (1 cm) Human height
More informationUNIT 2: Cells Chapter 3: Cell Structure and Function
UNIT 2: Cells Chapter 3: Cell Structure and Function I. Cell Theory (3.1) A. Early studies led to the development of the cell theory 1. Discovery of Cells a. Robert Hooke (1665)-Used compound microscope
More informationChapter Seven. A View of the Cell
Chapter Seven A View of the Cell Cellular Organization Cell Tissue group of cells functioning together. Organ group of tissues functioning together. Organ System group of organs functioning together. Organism
More informationCell Structure and Function. Biology 12 Unit 1 Cell Structure and Function Inquiry into Life pages and 68-69
Cell Structure and Function Biology 12 Unit 1 Cell Structure and Function Inquiry into Life pages 45 59 and 68-69 Assignments for this Unit Pick up the notes/worksheet for this unit and the project There
More information7-2 : Plasma Membrane and Cell Structures
7-2 : Plasma Membrane and Cell Structures Plasma Membrane of aveolar sac But first... Let s Review What is cell theory? Light microscopes vs. electron microscopes Prokaryotic vs. eukaryotic Basic Cell
More informationCELLS.
CELLS http://www.aimediaserver.com/studiodaily/harvard/harvard.swf INTERESTING FACTS The longest cells in the human body are the motor neurons. They can be up to 1.37 meters long and go from the spinal
More informationCh. 4 Cells: The Working Units of Life
Ch. 4 Cells: The Working Units of Life Originally prepared by Kim B. Foglia. Revised and adapted by Nhan A. Pham Types of cells Cell Size Why organelles? Specialized structures - specialized functions
More information7-2 : Plasma Membrane and Cell Structures
7-2 : Plasma Membrane and Cell Structures Plasma Membrane of aveolar sac But first... Let s Review What is cell theory? Light microscopes vs. electron microscopes Prokaryotic vs. eukaryotic Basic Cell
More informationStructures in Cells. Cytoplasm. Lecture 5, EH1008: Biology for Public Health, Biomolecules
Structures in Cells Lecture 5, EH1008: Biology for Public Health, Biomolecules Limian.zheng@ucc.ie 1 Cytoplasm Nucleus Centrioles Cytoskeleton Cilia Microvilli 2 Cytoplasm Cellular material outside nucleus
More informationThe Cell. The smallest unit of life that can perform all life processes.
The Cell The smallest unit of life that can perform all life processes. Life is macromolecules that can perform unique functions because they are enclosed in a structural compartment that is separate from
More informationCell Biology. a review! Cell Theory & Cell Structures
Cell Biology Cell Theory & a review! Cell Structures Cell Theory refers to the idea that cells are the basic unit of structure and function of all living things. Cells are either prokaryotic or eukaryotic
More information