Cells and Tissues. Lesson 2.1: Molecules of Life Lesson 2.2: Cells Lesson 2.3: Tissues
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1 2 Cells and Tissues Lesson 2.1: Molecules of Life Lesson 2.2: Cells Lesson 2.3: Tissues
2 Chapter 2: Cells and Tissues Lesson 2.1 Molecules of Life
3 Molecules of Life carbohydrates proteins lipids nucleic acids water Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.
4 Carbohydrates sugars or starch molecules simple carbohydrates glucose complex carbohydrates glycogen Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.
5 Proteins chains of amino acids amino acids linked by peptide bonds protein structure primary secondary tertiary protein functions Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.
6 Lipids fats and oils fatty acids glycerides phospholipids steroids Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.
7 Nucleic Acids chains of nucleotides DNA base pairs RNA messenger RNA transfer RNA ribosomal RNA ATP Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.
8 Water structure of water hydrogen bonding good solvent Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.
9 Water ph acid base neutral Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.
10 Review and Assessment True or False? 1. Proteins are made up of fatty acids. 2. Glucose is a simple carbohydrate. 3. A steroid is a type of lipid. 4. A nucleic acid is a chain of amino acids. 5. Water has one hydrogen atom. Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.
11 Chapter 2: Cells and Tissues Lesson 2.2 Cells
12 Cells anatomy and physiology of a cell DNA, RNA, and proteins life cycle of a cell Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.
13 Anatomy and Physiology of Cells plasma membrane regulates in and out movement cytoplasm liquid and organelles inside cell nucleus control center of cell Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.
14 Plasma Membrane Components phospholipid bilayer cholesterol channel proteins aquaporins glycoproteins Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.
15 Membrane Transport passive no energy required diffusion active requires energy sodium-potassium pump Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.
16 Cytoskeleton strengthens and shapes the cell fiber types microfilaments intermediate filaments microtubules Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.
17 Organelles in the Cytoskeleton microvilli increase surface area cilia move mucus centrioles assist in cell division Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.
18 Review and Assessment Match these words with 1 4 below: nucleus, cytoskeleton, cilia, passive. 1. no energy required 2. control center of cell 3. strengthens and shapes cell 4. moves mucus Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.
19 Mitochondria and Energy mitochondria powerhouses of cell energy transformation glycolysis citric acid cycle make ATP Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.
20 Golgi Apparatus makes vesicles move materials out of cell makes lysosomes contain digestive enzymes Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.
21 Ribosomes and Endoplasmic Reticulum ribosomes make polypeptides endoplasmic reticulum network of membranes smooth rough Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.
22 The Nucleus enclosed by nuclear envelope contains DNA wrapped around histones nucleolus makes ribosomal RNA Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.
23 DNA, RNA, and Proteins DNA makes RNA RNA makes proteins Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.
24 Life Cycle of a Cell interphase the mitotic phase mitosis prophase metaphase anaphase telophase cytokinesis Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.
25 Mitosis prophase chromatin condenses into chromosomes, cell membrane breaks down metaphase chromosomes line up in the center of the cell anaphase centromeres are cut in half, sister chromatids pull toward centrioles telophase chromosomes decondense, new nuclear membrane forms Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.
26 Mitosis Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.
27 Cytokinesis the cytoplasm divides into two parts, the final step of cell division Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.
28 Cancer cancer cell grows too much grows where it does not belong does not die when it should Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.
29 Review and Assessment Fill in the blanks below with: mitochondria, metaphase, or ribosome. 1.The is the powerhouse of the cell. 2.The makes polypeptides. 3. is a stage of mitosis. Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.
30 Tissue An aggregation of cells and cell products of similar structure and embryonic origin that perform a common function
31 Histology The study of tissues, especially their structure and arrangement
32 Basic Tissue Types epithelial tissue lines and covers connective tissue supports muscle tissue generates force nerve tissue conveys information
33
34 Organ An aggregation of tissues organized into a functional unit
35 System Organs working together as functional units
36 Connective Tissue Tissue that connects Loose connective tissue adipose (fat) Dense connective tissue cartilage Bone Vascular tissue Erythrocytes: Red Blood Cells carry oxygen Leucocytes: White Blood Cells part of the immune system Platelets - clotting
37 Figure 09.11c
38 Figure 09.11d
39
40 Erythrocytes: Red Blood Cells
41 Leucocytes: White Blood Cells
42 Platelets
43
44 Adipose
45
46
47
48
49
50 Epithelial Tissue Sheet-like layer of cells Cover surfaces or line cavities Often has glandular cells for fluid secretion Endothelium Epithelium that lines heart, blood vessels and lymphatic vessels
51 Epithelial Types Simple Epithelium Simple squamous inside blood vessels Simple cuboidal lines ducts, ex. Kidney tubules, mucous glands Simple columnar lining of small intestine Pseudostratified Columnar trachea, bronchi
52 Figure 09.9a
53 Figure 09.9b
54
55 Pseudostratified Columnar
56 Epithelial Types Stratified Epithelium Stratified squamous - skin Transitional urinary tract and bladder
57
58
59
60 Muscle Tissue Types Smooth Muscle (=Involuntary Muscle) Ex. Small intestine Skeletal Muscle (=Voluntary Muscle) Ex. Large muscles of body Cardiac Muscle
61 Skeletal Smooth Cardiac
62
63
64
65 Nervous Tissue Includes Nerves, Spinal Cord, Brain Cells are called neurons
66 Neuron
67
68 Cheek Cells
69
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