SelexION Technology for Lipid Analysis: Pushing the Boundaries of Lipidomics

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1 ANSWERS FOR SCIENCE. KNOWLEDGE FOR LIFE. SelexION Technology for Lipid Analysis: Pushing the Boundaries of Lipidomics Baljit Ubhi, Ph.D ASMS Baltimore, June 2014

2 Lipidomics Profiling Needs and Deliverables Liver metabolism Ståhlman, M. et al J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci AB SCIEX

3 The Lipidome Comprised of Multiple, Distinct Structural Lipid Classes Fatty Acids Steroids Lipid Vitamins Terpenes Lipids play an essential role in human physiology: Eicosanoids/ Oxidized FA Mono-, Di- and Triglycerides Glycerophospholipids Ether Phospholipids Platelet- Activating Factor Plasmalogens Halogenated Lipids Waxes Sphingomyelins Sphingolipids Ceramides Cerebrosides Gangliosides Diacyl-Linked Phospholipids Oxidized Phospholipids Metabolic homeostasis Cell signaling Cell and organelle structure And disease: Inflammation Cancer Cardiovascular disease Diabetes Inflammatory bowel disease Neurological diseases AB SCIEX

4 Isobaric Overlap of Phospholipids Experiment: EMS scan of Bovine Heart Extract (BHE) PC PE PA PG PS PI Mass/Charge (Da) Lipidomic spectra are incredibly complex MS/MS spectra generated on precursors in zones of isobaric overlap will contain product ions from other isobaric species AB SCIEX

5 SelexION Technology Ion Mobility Device Components 1. Orifice Plate 2. Ion Mobility Cell 3. Curtain Plate Robust, easy-to-install, hardware components: No tools required No cables No need to break vacuum Installation in about 2 minutes AB SCIEX

6 How Does DMS Separate Ions? Differential Mobility Spectrometry (DMS) is the term used for planar geometry Gas/Modifier flow To MS SV COV Separation waveform (SV): radially displaces ions towards one or the other electrode, depending upon high and low mobility characteristics Compensation voltage (COV): restores the trajectory for a given ion or range of ions to allow them to transmit through the DMS device and enter the mass spectrometer AB SCIEX

7 SelexION TM Technology Separates Phospholipid Classes Experiment: MRM Scan of 6 Phospholipid Standards with COV Ramp PC PE PA PG PS PI Using DMS alone, a mixture of lipids can be separated into it s individual components Baseline separation can be achieved, completely abrogating isobaric interference Proof of concept: DMS separates simple lipid mixtures Implications: Cleaner quantitative data using mrm scan modes (esp., MRM HR); Improved qualitative analysis AB SCIEX

8 Effects of DMS on Complex Lipid Analysis Can DMS help resolve lipids from a complex, biological lipid mixture? Experiment 1: EMS Scan of Bovine Heart Extract; No DMS e6 6e6 5e6 4e e6 2e e Mass/Charge (Da) Experiment 2: EMS Scan of Bovine Heart Extract; DMS with COV Ramp COV (V) AB SCIEX

9 Resolution of Phospholipid Sub-Classes in a Biological Lipid Extract by DMS Experiment: EMS scan of bovine heart extract with ramped COV EMS TIC An individual phospholipid subclass can be extracted from an EMS scan based on its differential COV Simplifies LipidView Software searching Increases confidence in lipid identification AB SCIEX

10 Relationship Between Dipole Moment and COV 8 6 PI 16:0_16:0 [-H - ] 4 PS 16:0_18:1 [-H - ] 2 PG 16:0_18:1 [-H - ] CV (V) 0-2 PE 16:0_18:1 [-H - ] PA 16:0_18:1 [-H - ] PC 16:0_18:1 [-H +Cl - ] Model headgroup dipole moment (D) Isopropanol as a chemical modifier in DMS AB SCIEX

11 Lipid Analysis by AB SCIEX TripleTOF System Mass Range Q1 selection m/z TOF MS m/z Speed 10 ms minimum accumulation times Up to 100 MS/MS scans per second in IDA Resolution High resolution mode ~30,000 High sensitivity mode ~15,000 Mass Accuracy 1-2 ppm RMS (external calibration) Dynamic Range ~ 3-4 orders AB SCIEX

12 TOF MS Analysis of Lung Lipid Extract Using DMS Phospholipids; Cardiolipin Fatty Acids Experiment: TOF MS with COV ramp in negative ion mode; Infusion of 100 μg/ml lung lipid extract AB SCIEX

13 Fatty Acid Resolution by DMS Fatty Acids Experiment: TOF MS with COV ramp in negative ion mode; Infusion of 100 μg/ml lung lipid extract Extracted Ion Chromatogram 16:0 16:1 18:2 18:1 18: AB SCIEX

14 DMS Resolves Fatty Acid Cis/Trans Isomers Experiment: TOF MS with COV ramp in negative ion mode; Infusion of 100 μg/ml lung lipid extract 18:1 (cis) 18:1 (trans) 16:1 (cis) 16:1 (trans) Resolution of cis/trans isomers usually requires chromatographic separation prior to analysis; DMS can remove this need, increasing the speed of FA analysis AB SCIEX

15 Resolution of Phosphatidylcholine (PC) AB SCIEX

16 Resolution of Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) XIC ppm for both molecules PE 38.5 PC O-30:0 +AcO PC O-30:0 + AcO is iso-elemental with PE 38:5 C 43 H 77 O 7 NP AB SCIEX

17 Resolution of Cardiolipin (ES(-)) Cardiolipin 74: AB SCIEX

18 Resolution of Triglycerides from Complex Lipid Extracts TAG 54:4+NH AB SCIEX

19 Resolution of Triglycerides from Complex Mixtures of Lipids COV for TAG COV Range 0.1 V COV Range 1V AB SCIEX

20 SLICE: Structural Lipidomics Investigations using Chemical Effects Molecules are separated in CV space prior to entering the MS DMS Separation In CV Space Chemical modifiers enhance compound resolution DMS-Separated Precursors Minimizes isobaric overlap MS/MS of Selected Precursors AB SCIEX

21 Confident Identification of Isobaric Compounds Experiment: DMS MS/MS ALL (NEG) of bovine heart extract 0.2u PC p16:0_18:2 PE p16:0_22:5 PE p16:1_22:4 CL 80:11 (20:4, 20:5, 18:1) PG 18:1_18:0* * 1 st isotope AB SCIEX Duchoslav E., Campbell, J. L., Baker, P.R.S., Patterson B.T., ASMS 2013, ThP

22 DMS Separation Improves Coverage and Confidence in Lipid Species Annotation Sample type Acquisition strategy Polarity # lipids* Bovine Heart E. Coli TOF MS DMS TOF MS DMS combined combined both combined 201 Comparison of lipid profiles obtained with and without DMS separation * Species with 3 or more chains (TAG, CL) are represented as sum of all permutations AB SCIEX

23 SelexION Technology for Lipidomic Analysis Effective lipid resolution without a need for complicated chromatographic strategies SelexION Technology isolates lipid classes prior to MS/MS analysis, which reduces isobaric and isotope overlap and enables accurate identification and quantitation Lower LOQ/LOD for targeted lipidomics; reduction in matrix interference AB SCIEX

24 Acknowledgements Zora Biosciences Kim Ekroos Tuulia Sylvanne Wollongong University Todd Mitchell Steven Blanksby Simon Brown Al Maccarone UCSD Ed Dennis Oswald Quehenberger Paul Norris Aaron Armando Eli Lilly Phil Sanders AB SCIEX Paul Baker Larry Campbell Michael Jarvis Eva Duchoslav Brigitte Simons Christie Hunter Baljit Ubhi Avanti Polar Lipids LipidMAPS.org AB SCIEX

25 Trademarks/Licensing For Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic procedures. The trademarks mentioned herein are the property of AB Sciex Pte. Ltd. or their respective owners. AB SCIEX is being used under license. All rights reserved. Information subject to change without notice AB SCIEX AB SCIEX

26 ANSWERS FOR SCIENCE. KNOWLEDGE FOR LIFE. Questions and Answers