Chapter 27 Lecture Roadmap

Transcription

1 Chapter 27 Lecture Roadmap 27-1 Review of the Piel Stem Weak Verbs in the Piel Stem 3-Guttural 2-Guttural / Resh 1-Nun Biconsonantal Geminate What to Memorize Parsing Practice Translation Practice

2 Piel Often Refers to Causing a State 27-2 Active Passive Reflexive Simple Qal Niphal Niphal He heard He was heard He heard himself Cause Piel Pual Hithpael a state He made him He was angered He made angry himself angry Cause Hiphil Hophal an action He lifted up It was lifted

3 Piel Has Multiple Meanings 27-3 Cause a state ( factitive ) Do something repeatedly ( iterative ) Verbs made from nouns ( denominative ) Verbs for speech acts ( delocutive ) To remove something ( privative ) Intensive??

4 What to Memorize for the Piel 27-4 Parsing code D How Piel verbs begin: Dagesh Forte in R 2 piēl - paēl Participle preformative מ except Qal and Niphal, י ק ט ל ( Shewa Piel preformative vowel V S pattern Ē(A) ~ Ē Tsere everywhere ) מ ק ט ל, ת ק ט ל Except Pathach in the Perfect 1 st and 2 nd person Beware when R 2 is SQiN em LeVY

5 Chapter 27 Lecture Roadmap 27-5 Review of the Piel Stem Weak Verbs in the Piel Stem 3-Guttural 2-Guttural / Resh 1-Nun Biconsonantal Geminate What to Memorize Parsing Practice Translation Practice

6 3-Guttural in the Piel Stem Guttural changes Stem Vowel Strong Ē(A) ~ Ē A ~ A ח /ע- 3 Ē(A) Ē ~ א- 3 in other stems ה- 3 The same as ה- 3 Remember what ה- 3 verbs do. No need to memorize the rest.

7 2-Guttural/Resh in the Piel G means 2-Guttural 2-G take Hateph vowel instead of Vocal Shewa E.g., DP3cp is ק ט ל ו but נ ח ל ו for 2-G 2-G and 2-Resh reject the Dagesh almost always compensatory lengthening ר/א- 2 בר כת בר כת so DP2ms so DM2mp נ ח מ ו נח מ ו = QP3cp usually no compensatory lengthening in Piel ה /ח /ע- 2 DP3cp DM2mp נח מ ו נח מ ו נ ח מ ו נ ח מ ו = QM2mp

8 For 1-Nun, Piel Perfect = Niphal Perfect 27-8 They are strong verbs in the Piel They are identical to Niphal in the Perfect (D/N)P2ms נגש is נג שת is Nun of Niphal and 1-Nun of root in the Piel נ is Assimilated 1-Nun in Niphal and Doubling of Piel ג Same V S in the perfect 1 st and 2 nd person: A vs. Ē-a Same reduced V S in the P3fs and P3cp Different in the 3ms Because Piel V S is Ē(A)~, whereas Niphal V S is A~ נ צל = DP3ms vs. נ צל = NP3ms

9 Biconsonantal Piel is Spelled pôlēl 27-9 Piel wants to double R 2 with a Dagesh Biconsonantal verbs lack a R 2 so they reduplicate R 3 ) ו ( Ô V 1 always Can be written defectively as Ō ( ) Bicons lack V 1 for piēl paēl, so perfect = imperative V S same as strong verb Ē(A) ~ Ē ר ום Example: occurs) = DP3ms = DM2ms = D (DA never ר ומם ר ומ מת DP2ms יר ומם DI3ms

10 Geminate is Strong or pôlēl Geminate verbs are sometimes strong יה לל,הל לת,הלל E.g., Geminate verbs are sometimes pôlēl Ē(A) ~ Ē יפ ולל, פ ור רת, פ ורר E.g., Some books call this the pôēl

11 Chapter 27 Lecture Roadmap Review of the Piel Stem Weak Verbs in the Piel Stem 3-Guttural 2-Guttural / Resh 1-Nun Biconsonantal Geminate What to Memorize Parsing Practice Translation Practice

12 What to Memorize for Piel Weak Verbs Remember what always happens to ה- 3 verbs 2-G/Resh verbs lack the Dagesh in R 2 May have compensatory lengthening (V 1 or ) 1-Nun verbs DP = NP (except 3ms) pôlēl could be Piel of Biconsonantal or Geminate (Or Qal Participle)

13 Chapter 27 Lecture Roadmap Review of the Piel Stem Weak Verbs in the Piel Stem 3-Guttural 2-Guttural / Resh 1-Nun Biconsonantal Geminate What to Memorize Parsing Practice Translation Practice

14 Parsing Practice (1/5) כל ו.1 צ ות ה.2 כ ל ות.3 אמ ל א.4 כ ל ו.5 יצ ו ה.6 שרת ו.7 ו יצ ו.8 ינח ם.9 מב ער ים.10 כלה DP3cp they finished צוה DP3fs she commanded כלה D to finish מלא DI1cs I will fill כלה DM2mp finish! צוה DI3ms he will command שרת DP3cp they served צוה DIwc3ms he commanded נחם NI3ms he will regret בער DPtMP burning

15 Parsing Practice (2/5) נגר שתי.12 בע רת ן.13 תמצ אנה.14 ינ ח ם.15 בר כתי.16 כס ו.17 מצ ו ה.18 מנ חמ ים.19 יב ער ו.20 בער ו גרש NP1cs I was driven out בער DP2fp you burned מצא NI(2/3)fp you/they wil be found נחם DI3ms he will comfort ברך DP1cs I blessed כסה DP3cp they covered צוה DPtMS commanding נחם DPtMP comforting בער DI3mp they will burn burn! QP3cp OR DM2mp they burned / בער

16 Parsing Practice (3/5) גר ש.22 גר שתי.23 המצ אנה.24 יכ ס ה.25 שר ת.26 בר וכ ים.27 ממ לא ות.28 אנח ם.29 תב רכ ו.30 בער ו D(M2ms/ /A) drive out! / to drive out גרש גרש DP1cs I drove out מצא NM2fp found! be כסה DI3ms he will cover שרת DP3ms he served ברך QPpMP blessed מלא DPtFP filling נחם NI1cs I will regret ברך DI2mp you will bless בער DP3cp they burned

17 Parsing Practice (4/5) ב ער ות.31 מכ ל ות.32 בע רת ם.33 ו יכ ס.34 צ ו ה.35 מל אתי.36 נח מת.37 מש רת ים.38 בר ו ך.39 מ ל א.40 בער QPtFP burning כלה DPtFP finishing בער DP2mp you burned כסה DIwc3ms he covered צוה DP3ms he commanded מלא DP1cs I filled (N/D)P2ms you regretted / comforted נחם שרת DPtMP serving ברך QPpMS blessed מלא D(M2ms/ /A) fill! / to fill

18 Parsing Practice (5/5) כלית ם.42 כס ינ ו.43 מכ ס ים.44 ממ ל א.45 תכ ל ה.46 יגר ש.47 ג ר ש.48 יש רת ו.49 מ צא ו.50 מלא ה כלה DP2mp you finished כסה DP1cp we covered כסה DPtMP covering מלא DPtMS filling כלה DI(3f/2m)s she/you will finish גרש DI3ms he will drive out גרש QPtMS driving out שרת DI3mp they will serve מצא QP3cp they found מלא DP3fs she filled

19 Chapter 27 Lecture Roadmap Review of the Piel Stem Weak Verbs in the Piel Stem 3-Guttural 2-Guttural / Resh 1-Nun Biconsonantal Geminate What to Memorize Parsing Practice Translation Practice

20 ושמ רת את ח ק יו ואת מצ ות יו אש ר אנ כ י מצ וך ה י ום ( 4:40a (Deut keep QPwc2ms you will שמר = ושמ רת you DPtMS+2ms commanding צוה = מצ וך You (ms) will keep his statutes and his commandments which I am commanding you today [lit. the day ].

21 ו י אמר מ ש ה ז ה ה דב ר אשר צ ו ה יהו ה ת עש ו ויר א אליכ ם כב וד יהו ה ( 9:6 (Lev commanded DP3ms he צוה = צ ו ה do QI2mp you will עשה = ת עש ו appear so that he will ו+ NJ3ms ראה = ויר א ה- 3 of ה Jussive because clause-initial and lost final Moses said, This the thing that YHWH has commanded you to do [lit. you will do ], so that the glory of YHWH may appear to you.

22 ל א תב ער ו א ש בכ ל מ שב תיכ ם בי ום ה ש ב ת פ (Exod 35:3) kindle DI2mp you will בער = תב ער ו so not jussive ל א You shall not kindle a fire in any of your dwellings on the Sabbath day. The פ after the verse is a paragraph marker.

23 ל א ש מר ו בר ית א לה ים ו בת ורת ו מאנ ו לל כת (Psalm 78:10) kept QP3cp they שמר = ש מר ו refused DP3cp they מאן = מאנ ו ל+ Q הלך = לל כת thinks.הלך it is 1-Yod 1-Yod drop 1-Yod and add ת in Q They did not keep God s covenant, and in his teaching they refused to walk.