Gut microbiota: importance
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1 Gut microbiota: importance
2 Gut microbiota: importance BACTERIA IN THE GUT SYNTHESIZE SEVERAL HUNDRED GRAMS OF ESSENTIAL AMINO-ACIDS EVERY DAY
3 PROKARYOTES (Bacteria) capability to synthesize essential compounds and to obtain metabolic energy from the environment EUKARYOTES (Animals) loss of genes for biosynthesis of essential compounds (amino-acids and vitamins)
4 PROKARYOTES (Bacteria) capability to synthesize essential compounds and to obtain metabolic energy from the environment Gut microbial communities in the host have adapted to provide essential compounds and obtain energy from different sources EUKARYOTES (Animals) loss of genes for biosynthesis of essential compounds (amino-acids and vitamins)
5 Impact of microbiota on host GERM FREE vs CONVENTIONAL MICROBIOTA Reduced: - organ weight (heart, liver, lungs) - cardiac output - oxygen consumption Increased: food intake Nutrition, Growth & Development Backhed, PNAS 2004 Reduced: Mesenteric and systemic lymph nodes Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue Serum immunoglobulin levels Increased: susceptibility to infection Immunity
6 Gut microbiota & behaviour Diaz Heijtz et al. PNAS 2011
7 Gut microbiota: effects on the host CNS & behaviour gut function metabolism & nutrition immune function MICROBIOTA Vall d'hebron
8 Gut function nutrients residues Vall d'hebron
9 Gut function microbiota vs host - cells x 10 - genes x 150 The colon as a metabolic organ residues microbiota
10 Gut microbiota The colon as a metabolic organ residues microbiota
11 Control of gut function Vall d'hebron
12 Control of gut function REFLEXES - motility - barrier function MEAL content Vall d'hebron
13 Control of gut function SENSATIONS REFLEXES MEAL content Vall d'hebron
14 Functional gut disorders chest pain Unexplained symptoms by conventional tests burning nausea/vomiting fullness/bloating discomfort/pain altered bowel habit INCIDENCE
15 mechanisms of gut symptoms abnormal content abnormal function abnormal sensitivity Vall d'hebron
16 mechanisms of gut symptoms content function sensitivity Vall d'hebron GUT MICROBIOTA
17 Microbiota & gut content MEAL content GAS Vall d'hebron MICROBIOTA
18 anal gas evacuation, ml Microbiota & gut content COLONIC GAS IMAGING 800 COLONIC GAS PRODUCTION CHALLENGE DIET BASAL DIET 0 postprandial period, h 0 6
19 Microbiota, gut content & symptoms Flatulence Bloating Distension Borborigmi Pain Gut comfort - 5 basal diet
20 Microbiota, gut content & symptoms Flatulence Bloating Distension Borborigmi Pain Gut comfort - 5 basal diet challenge diet
21
22 Gut sensitivity bloating pressure nausea
23 Gut sensitivity 6 Discomfort threshold Perception score Perception threshold HEALTH 0 0 Distending volume, ml 50 Vall d'hebron 7-98-A
24 Gut sensitivity 6 PATIENTS * Perception score * HEALTH 0 0 Distending volume, ml 50 Vall d'hebron 7-98-A
25 Microbiota & gut sensitivity 300 Responses (% CDR) MICE TREATED WITH placebo 0 30 mmhg 60 mmhg Colorectal distension Adapted from Verdu, Gut 2006
26 Microbiota & gut sensitivity 300 Responses (% CDR) MICE TREATED WITH placebo antibiotic 0 30 mmhg 60 mmhg Colorectal distension Adapted from Verdu, Gut 2006
27 Intestinal motility: transit of gas Vall d'hebron
28 Intestinal motility: transit of gas in 15 min HEALTHY SUBJECT PATIENT WITH FGD
29 Effect of probiotics on GI motility & symptoms Intestinal transit Abdominal disension * Mean dist AUC (cm) * p<0.05 Bifidobacterium lactis DN Agrawal et al Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2009
30 Gut microbiota: effects on the host CNS & behaviour gut function metabolism & nutrition immune function - treatment MICROBIOTA -messengers - composition Vall d'hebron
31
32 The European Society of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (ESNM) has created the Gut Microbiota & Health Section to raise recognition and expand knowledge & interest in the field of Gut Microbiota & Health. To become a member, visit the ESNM Website:
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