Index. Enhanced Recovery in NSQIP (ERIN), 240 Epidural analgesia, 149 Epidural-induced hypotension (EIH) management, ERAS

Transcription

1 A Abdominal surgery ERP carbohydrate treatment, 46 comprehensive guide, 258 crystalloid-based perioperative fluid therapy, 120, 122 insulin resistance, 64, 169 laparoscopic order sets, 269, laparoscopic surgery, 267, 268 local anesthetic, continuous wound infusion of, nutritional status, 35 open abdominal surgery, open order set PDF, oral diet, intolerance of, 4 preoperative exercise therapy, psychosocial distress, 37 trunk blocks, Acetaminophen, 157 Adjuvant anesthetic drugs, 66 Alcohol-based skin preparations, 108 Aldrete score, 192 Alvimopan, 142, 158 American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program, 340 American Society of Anesthesiologists, 191 American Society of Hospital Pharmacists, 111 Analgesia ERP medication regimens, 158 multimodality strategy abdominal trunk blocks, acetaminophen, 157 alpha-2 agonist, 149 anti-nmda agents, 149 CWI, gabapentinoids, 149, 157 IPLA, 156 IVL infusion, 154 non-opioid medications, 149 NSAIDs, peripherally acting µ-opioid receptor antagonist, 150, 158 spinal analgesia, 151, TEA, preemptive analgesia, surgical pain, pathophysiology of, Anticholinergics, 87 Anticoagulation management, Antihistamines, 87 Antimicrobial prophylaxis, 107 Antiplatelet therapy, Anxiety, 37 Aspirin, Audit, 334, 340 analysis and interpretation, 244 change management process, Cochrane reviews, 211 data collection, 243 definition, 237 Donabedian model, 237 finding and setting standards, 243 good audit, 242 local practice issues, 238 minimum dataset, 243, 244 modern surgery, 237 patient care benefits, 245 quality improvement enhanced recovery programs, gastrointestinal cancer surgery, L.S. Feldman et al. (eds.), The SAGES / ERAS Society Manual of Enhanced Recovery Programs for Gastrointestinal Surgery, DOI / , Springer International Publishing Switzerland

2 362 B Bariatric surgery clinical pathways, 294, 295 discharge criteria, ERP components chest drains, 297 compliance, preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative, 296 implementation and outcomes analysis, 298 intra-abdominal drains, 183 nasogastric tubes, 181 patient information, 297 standardization, care processes, Beta-blockers, 26 Bispectral index (BIS), 66 Bowel preparation cancer surgery, 56 cochrane meta-analyses, 53, 54 colon resection, 53 full bowel preparation, 57 laparoscopic surgery, oral antibiotics, rectal resections, 55 SSI prevention, surgeon practices, 57 surgery, Bowel surgery enhanced recovery pathways, Bridging anticoagulation therapy, 27 Butyrophenones, C Canadian Expert Panel on Health Literacy, 14 Cancer surgery bowel preparation, 56 PONV, 286 Carbohydrates, 36, 66 clinical outcomes, 46 drinks, early nutrition, 169 postoperative metabolism, sports drinks, 47 Cardiac interventions, 26 Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET), 285 Cephalosporin, Chewing gum, 141 Chloraprep, 108 Chlorhexidine (CHG), 109 Clear design, 19 Clopidogrel, Cochrane reviews audit and feedback, 211, 238 bowel preparation, interventions, effectiveness of, 208 perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis, 111 perioperative glucose control, 109 VTE, 98 warming methods, 74 Colorectal surgery bowel preparation, 53, 55 components multimodal analgesia, 229 postoperative ileus, 229 SSI, cost benefits, 230 Guildford experience (Guildford (UK) colorectal surgery ERP) hospital discharge, 192, 193 intra-abdominal drains, 184 laparoscopic colectomy adoption, 228 laparoscopy benefits, 249 clinical outcomes, 250 design and implementation, 252 goals, 251 LAFA trial, 251 multimodal rehabilitation program, 249 oncologic concerns, 249 operative time and costs, 250 PHS, 250

3 363 TAP blocks, 252 THS, 250 length of stay, nasogastric tubes, preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative goals, 247, 248 University Hospitals Case Medical Center abdominal cases (Abdominal surgery ERP) indications, 258, 260 laparoscopic order sets, 269, Modified Frailty, 258, open order set PDF, patient education, perioperative protocols, 258, 260, postoperative fever, 267 table of contents, 258, 259 Continuous epidural analgesia (CEA), 150 Continuous wound infusion (CWI), Corticosteroids, COX-2 inhibitors, CPET. Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) Crystalloid-based perioperative fluid therapy, 120, 122 D Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) prophylaxis, 98, 285 Depression, 37 Dexamethasone, Diabetics medical optimization, 28 PONV, 86 SSI, Donabedian model, 237 Droperidol, DuraPrep, 108 E Early mobilization accelerating postoperative recovery, 171 ERP booklet, laparoscopic approach, 172 multivariate linear regression analysis, 171 pre-emptive analgesia, 172 Early nutrition carbohydrate-rich drinks, 169 diet, 170 euglycemia, 169 fasting-induced insulin resistance, 169 gastric emptying, 169 optimal nutritional and metabolic care, 171 EIP. ERAS Implementation Program (EIP) Enhanced Recovery After Surgery and Perioperative Care Society (ERAS), 6, aims, 345 challenges, 354 congress, 351 education, 352 future developments, 354 guidelines, 111, 352 implementation programmes, 353 networking, 353 partnerships, 350 research developments, worldwide development, Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) Study Group change management principles, 347 collaborative leaders, 345 colorectal surgery model, fast-track protocols, 168 guidelines, testing of, 347 ideal protocol, Kehlet s multimodal approach, 168, partnerships, 350 research and development,

4 364 Enhanced Recovery in NSQIP (ERIN), 240 Epidural analgesia, 149 Epidural-induced hypotension (EIH) management, ERAS Society. Enhanced Recoy After Surgery and Perioperative Care Society (ERAS) ERAS Implementation Program (EIP) anesthesia, 216, 217 audit, 216 challenges, cost, 221 data collection, 221 EIAS, 221, evidence-based guidelines, 220 network implementation, 226 team formation, workshops, ERAS Interactive Audit System (EIAS), , ERAS Society Interactive Audit Tool, 340 ERIN. Enhanced Recoy in NSQIP (ERIN) Esophagectomy clinical outcomes, 324, 325 conduit decompression, 322, 323 deviation-based cost modeling, 325 epidural anesthesia, 320 intensive care unit, 313, 321 intraoperative fluid overload, 320 minimally invasive approach, 320 multidisciplinary surgical recovery team, 314 nasogastric tubes, 313 nursing care map, 315, 317 objectives of, 314 oral feeding and contrast esophagram, patient education, , 319, 320 preoperative nutritional management, 315 prevalence, 313 pre-written medical orders, 315, 316 target discharge, postoperative, 315, 318 thoracic drainage, traditional care model, 314 urinary catheters, 313, 323 European Society of Anesthesiology guidelines, 43 Euvolemia maintenance, 112, 302 F Fasting aims, 41 guidelines, overnight fasting, Fast-track protocols. Multimodal enhanced recoy pathway programs Fatal pulmonary embolism (FPE), 98 Fluid therapy, Frailty evaluation, Full bowel preparation, 57 G Gabapentinoids, 157 GDT. Goal-directed therapy (GDT) Glucose management, 28 Goal-directed therapy (GDT), 82 83, Guildford (UK) colorectal surgery ERP admission, 285 anaesthesia, analgesia, 291 anti-emetics, 291 bowel preparation protocol, 284 counselling, discharge, DVT prophylaxis, 285 fl uid/diet, 290 fl uid therapy, haemodynamic monitoring, intraoperative analgesia, mobilisation, 290 monitoring, 290 nutrition, 284 preoperative assessments, 285 surgery setup, surgical principles, 289 system establishment, 281

5 365 H Haloperidol, H.E.A.D pneumonic fluid balance, 121, 123 Healthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee (HICPAC) Guidelines for Prevention of Surgical Site Infection cephalosporin, weight-based dosing of, 107 hypothermia prevention, 113 perioperative glycemic control, 110 wound edge tissue oxygenation, 112 Health literacy, Hepato-pancreato-biliary (HPB) surgery implementation immunonutrition, 308 liver resection, 309 organization chart, ERP team, 305 pancreaticoduodenectomy, 308 perioperative care elementsc, standardized pathways, 309 pancreatic and liver surgery, systematic review, Homeostasis, 67, 138 Homeostatic model assessment (HOMA), 45 HPB surgery. Hepato-pancreato-biliary (HPB) surgery 5-HT3 antagonists, Hyperchloraemia, 127 Hyperglycemia glucose management, 28 SSI prevention, 109 surgical stress, 64 Hypothermia adverse consequences, 70 causes, definition, 69 prevention airway heating and humidification, 72 cutaneous warming devices, intraoperative heat loss, 72 intravenous fluid warming, postoperative warming, 74 preoperative assessment, SSI prevention, temperature monitoring, 71 I Ideal enhanced recovery after surgery (ieras) program, 207, 209 ieras program. Ideal enhanced recoy after surgery (ieras) program Images, 19 ed oxygen delivery (DO2 I), 125 In-hospital recovery early recovery, intermediate recovery, late recovery, readmission rates, Inspiratory pulmonary training, 25 Insulin resistance definition, 63 metabolic and inflammatory changes, 61, 62 preoperative physical status, 64 Intermittent positive pressure ventilation (IPPV), 288 Internet resources, 16 Intra-abdominal drains appendectomy, 183, 184 bariatric surgery, 183 benefits, 182 cholecystectomy, 183 colon and rectal surgery, 184 gastric resection, 184 hernia repair, 184 liver resection, 184 pancreatic surgery, 183 perforated peptic ulcer, 184 risks, 182 uses of, 179, 180

6 366 Intraoperative enhanced recovery pathway antiemetic prophylaxis (Prophylactic antiemetics ) fluid excess avoidance (Perioperative fluid and electrolyte therapy) minimally invasive surgery (Minimally invasive surgery) regional anesthesia, Intraoperative redosing, Intraperitoneal local anesthetic (IPLA), 156 Intravenous lidocaine (IVL) infusion, 154 IPPV. Intermittent positive pressure ventilation (IPPV) K Kehlet multimodal rehabilitation program, 6 7, 97, 168, 170, 247, 346 Kimberley Clark Patient Warming System, 74 Knowledge to Action (KTA) cycle, 205, 206, 209 L Laparoscopic surgery, 113 benefits, 249 bowel preparation, clinical outcomes, 250 design and implementation, 252 goals, 251 LAFA trial, 251 multimodal rehabilitation program, 249 oncologic concerns, 249 operative time and costs, 250 PHS, 250 TAP blocks, 252 THS, 250 Laparoscopy in combination with fast track multimodal management (LAFA) trial study, 171, 250, 251 Length of hospital stay (LOHS), 120, 124 Length of stay (LOS), 192, 229, , 325 LMWH. Low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) LOHS. Length of hospital stay (LOHS) Low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH), 27, 99 M Magnesium citrate, 52 McGill University Health Centre (MUHC) enhanced recovery pathway esophagectomy patients, (Esophagectomy) multidisciplinary team, 7 preoperative education model, Mechanical bowel preparation, 51. Bowel preparation Medical optimization cardiac interventions, 26 diabetes, 28 frailty evaluation, geriatric assessment, medication management, prehabilitation (Prehabilitation) pulmonary interventions inspiratory muscle training, 25 smoking cessation, 26 Methylprednisolone, 86 Metoclopramide, Michigan Surgical Quality Collaborative (MSQC) data, 111 Minimally Invasive Cardiac Output (MICO) devices, 287 Minimally invasive surgery, 1, 139, 281, 290, 357, 359, 360

7 367 Modified Frailty, 258, 261 Multimodal analgesia abdominal trunk blocks, acetaminophen, 157 alpha-2 agonist, 149 anti-nmda agents, 149 CWI, gabapentinoids, 149, 157 IPLA, 156 IVL infusion, 154 non-opioid medications, 149 NSAIDs, peripherally acting µ-opioid receptor antagonist, 150, 158 spinal analgesia, 151, stress response, 67 TEA, Multimodal enhanced recovery pathway programs audit tools, 340 bowel surgery, sample multimodal pathway for, change management healthcare providers, 332 organizational barriers, professional barriers, 332 social barriers, 332 clinical effectiveness, 329 vs. clinician-focused system, 3 4 contingencies/complications, 4 creation and implementation, 5 6 development phase, evaluation phase, goal, 2 3 hospital administration, implementation phase, 339, implementation strategies audit and feedback, 211 clinical pathways, 210 Cochrane reviews, 208 educational tools, ieras program, 207 institutional barriers, 207 KTA cycle, 205, 206 local champions, 209 perceptions, 207 potential barriers, 206 surgical residents, 210 intraoperative (Intraoperative enhanced recoy pathway) Kehlet program, 6 7 McGill University Health Centre, 7 multidisciplinary team, 5 6 nursing documentation, phases of care, 5 postoperative ERP ambulation (Early mobilization) analgesia (Multimodal analgesia) anti-ileus prophylaxis (Postoperative ileus (POI)) nutrition (Early nutrition) preoperative (Preoperative enhanced recoy pathway) stakeholders education, 339 steering group, vs. traditional management, 4 N NaP tablets, 52 Nasogastric tubes bariatrics, 181 benefits, 179 colon and rectal surgery, gastric decompression, 180 gastric resection, 181 liver resection, 181 painful treatments, 182 postoperative placement, 181 risks, 180, 185 uses of, 179, 180 National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP), 6, Neurokinin-1 (NK-1), 88 Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), NSQIP. National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) Nursing documentation, Nutricia preop formula, 47

8 368 O Open abdominal surgery ERP, Oral antibiotics bowel preparation, 52, medication management, 27 SSI prevention, Oral disintegrating tablet (ODT), 84 Overnight fasting, P Patient controlled anesthesia (PCA), 150, 258 Patient education health literacy, patient-friendly print materials clear design, 19 images, 19 path to home guide, 17 plain language, patient understanding strategies internet resources, 16 teach-back method, 16 universal precautions, 15 preoperative education model, Patient Education Office, 17, 334 Patient-friendly print materials clear design, 19 images, 19 path to home guide, 17 plain language, Patient-reported outcomes (PROs), 194 PCA. Patient controlled anesthesia (PCA) PCEA. Patient controlled anesthesia (PCA) Performance-based measures, 194 Perioperative fluid and electrolyte therapy aim, 119, 130 crystalloids, 120, 122 dose-response curve, EIH, ERP protocols, 121, 123 future directions, 129 GDT, hyperchloraemia, 127 indications, 120, 121 LOHS, 120, 124 POI, 135, PONV, postoperative zero-balance schedule, RCTs, 120 uncomplicated vs. complicated patients, 129 Perphenazine, PHS. Postoperative hospital stay (PHS) Physical activity aerobic exercise, Borg scale, 33 older adults, guidelines for, 34 resistance training, sample training program, 35 Plain language, POI. Postoperative ileus (POI) Polyethylene glycol (PEG), 52 Postdischarge nausea and vomiting (PDNV), 88 Postoperative hospital stay (PHS), 250 Postoperative ileus (POI) definition, incidence, 134 pathophysiology, 135, 136 prevention, alvimopan, 142 anesthetic considerations, 140 chewing gum, 141 early oral feeding, enhanced recovery pathway, fluid management, 135, laxative and prokinetic drugs, 141 opioid-sparing analgesia, surgical considerations, risk factors, treatment, , 142 Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV)

9 369 anesthetic drugs, 140 early nutrition and mobilization, 175 ERP protocol algorithm, high-risk factors, incidence rate, 79 perioperative fluid and electrolyte therapy, prophylactic antiemetics anticholinergics, 87 antihistamines, 87 benefits and side effects, butyrophenones, combination therapy, 89 corticosteroids, doses and timing, 85 5-HT3 antagonists, management algorithm, 89 neurokinin-1, 88 phenothiazines, rescue antiemesis, 89 risk reducing strategies, risk score, 80, 81 Postoperative Quality of Recovery Scale (PostopQRS), 197 Postoperative recovery complication rates, 195 hospital/doctor outcomes, 190, 191 patient-focused outcomes, 191 patient satisfaction, 191 quality of, time frame of, 190 trajectory of, 189, 190 Preemptive analgesia, , 172 Prehabilitation anxiety and depression, 37 benefits, 38 definition, 38 elective operations, 38 functional capacity, trajectory of, 31, 32 home-based intense exercise program, 31 nutrition, physical activity aerobic exercise, Borg scale, 33 older adults, guidelines for, 34 resistance training, sample training program, 35 postoperative patients, preoperative exercise therapy, programs of, 31, 39 regular exercise, 30 Preoperative education model, Preoperative enhanced recovery pathway carbohydrates (Carbohydrates) exercise/prehabilitation (Prehabilitation) fasting, patient education (Patient education) routine bowel preparation (Bowel preparation) smoking abstinence, 26 Procedure-specific booklet/patient education material, 20, 334 Prolonged postanesthesia care unit (PACU), 79 Prophylactic antiemetics anticholinergics, 87 antihistamines, 87 benefits and side effects, butyrophenones, combination therapy, 89 corticosteroids, doses and timing, 85 5-HT 3 antagonists, management algorithm, 89 neurokinin-1, 88 phenothiazines, rescue antiemesis, 89 Pulmonary embolism (PE), 98 R Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) colorectal surgery exercise program, 31 perioperative fluid and electrolyte therapy, 120 SSI prevention, 105, 108, 110, 113 thromboprophylaxis, 99

10 370 Rating of perceived exertion (RPE) scale, Rectus sheath block, 156 Regional anesthesia, Rescue antiemesis, 89 S Safer Health Care Now program, 110 SAGES. Society of American Gastrointestinal and Endoscopic Surgeons (SAGES) SAGES SMART enhanced recovery program, SCIP. Surgical Care Improvement Project (SCIP) Skin preparation, SSI prevention, 108 SMART program. Surgical Multimodal Accelerated Recoy Trajectory (SMART) program Smoking cessation, 26 Society of American Gastrointestinal and Endoscopic Surgeons (SAGES), 353, Sodium phosphate, 52 Spinal analgesia, 151, Sports drinks/medicine, 30, 47 SSI prevention. Surgical site infections (SSI) prevention Stakeholders education, 339 Steering group, , 339 Stroke volume corrected flow time (FTc), 124 Surgical Care Improvement Project (SCIP), 106, 110 Surgical Multimodal Accelerated Recovery Trajectory (SMART) program, Surgical prehabilitation. Prehabilitation Surgical Recovery (SURE) Program, 331 Surgical site infections (SSI) prevention antibiotic redosing, euvolemia maintenance, 112 hypothermia prevention, laparoscopic colectomy, 113, oral antibiotics, colon surgery, perioperative glucose control, preoperative chlorhexidine bathing, 109 randomized controlled trials, 105, 108, 110, 113 readmission, 105 regulatory requirements, 106 skin preparation, 108 weight-based dosing, wound edge tissue oxygenation, 112 wound protectors, 113 Surgical stress response anesthesiologist role drug selection, 66 fed state, 66 homeostasis, 67 multimodal analgesia, 67 patient ready/preparation, 65 regional anesthesia, consequences, 63 definition, 61 insulin resistance metabolic and inflammatory changes, 61, 62 preoperative physical status, 64 reducing approaches, 2 surgical metabolism knowledge, 67 T TEA. Thoracic epidural anaesthesia/ analgesia (TEA) Teach-back method, 16 Therapeutic Guidelines on Antimicrobial Prophylaxis in Surgery, Thoracic epidural anaesthesia/analgesia (TEA), 140, , 286 Thromboprophylaxis guidelines and consensus reviews, 99, 100

11 371 LMWH, 99 VTE (Venous thromboembolism (VTE)) TME. Total mesorectal excision (TME) Total Intravenous Anesthesia (TIVA), 140 Total mesorectal excision (TME), 239 Total postoperative hospital stay (THS), 250 Trans abdominus planus (TAP), 287 Transdermal scopolamine (TDS), 87 Transversus abdominis plane (TAP) blocks, 80, , 229, 252, 263 U Universal precautions, 15 University Hospitals Case Medical Center ERP abdominal cases (Abdominal surgery ERP) indications, 258, 260 laparoscopic order sets, 269, Modified Frailty, 258, open order set PDF, patient education, perioperative protocols, 258, 260, postoperative fever, 267 table of contents, 258, 259 Upper gastrointestinal surgery. Esophagectomy Urinary catheter, V Venous thromboembolism (VTE) fast-track programs, problems related to, risk reducing factors, thromboprophylaxis guidelines and consensus reviews, 99, 100 LMWH, 99 W Warfarin, 27 Warming management plan, 75 Whey protein, 36 Wound edge tissue oxygenation, 112 Wound protectors, 113