MICROORGANISM NORMAL FLORA AND PATHOGENS

Transcription

1 MICROORGANISMS: NORMAL FLORA AND PATHOGENS BELL WORK- GO TO PAGE 468 IN NEW BOOK; READ THE GIVEN DEFINITIONS AND FIRST THREE PARAGRAPHS AND GIVE A BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FOLLOWING: MICROORGANISM PATHOGENIC VIRUS NONPATHOGENIC

2 STANDARD 14) UNDERSTAND THE PRINCIPLES OF AND SUCCESSFULLY PERFORM THE FOLLOWING SKILLS TO PREVENT OR CURTAIL THE SPREAD OF PATHOGENIC AND NON-PATHOGENIC ORGANISMS: A. HAND WASHING B. GLOVING

3 OBJECTIVE TO BE ABLE TO FULLY MEET THE STANDARD WE HAVE TO DEFINE CERTAIN TERMS (PATHOGENIC AND NONPATHOGENIC). WE HAVE TO UNDERSTAND THE MEANING OF THESE TERMS AND WHY THEY ARE DANGEROUS BEFORE WE CAN FULLY EXPLAIN THE PREVENTION OF THEIR SPREADING. BY THE END OF THE CLASS, STUDENTS WILL BE ABLE TO: DIFFERENTIATE BETWEEN PATHOGENIC AND NONPATHOGENIC ORGANISMS BY CREATING A MOST WANTED PATHOGEN POSTER

4 NORMAL FLORA AND PATHOGENS A MICROORGANISM IS AN EXTREMELY TINY ORGANISM SEEN ONLY BY USING A MICROSCOPE MICROORGANISMS THAT CAUSE DISEASE ARE CALLED PATHOGENS NOT ALL MICROORGANISMS CAUSE DISEASE OR ARE PATHOGENIC HARMLESS MICROORGANISMS ON AND IN OUR BODY ARE CALLED NONPATHOGENIC MICROORGANISMS THE MICROORGANISMS THAT NATURALLY LIVE ON OR IN OUR BODY ARE COLLECTIVELY CALLED THE BODY S NORMAL FLORA

5 NORMAL FLORA AND PATHOGENS IN FACT NORMAL FLORA ACTUALLY FIGHTS OFF THE BAD PATHOGENS THAT TRY TO ENTER OUR BODIES. Normal Flora is also called the body s MICROBIOME. Let s check out the video!

6 PATHOGENS REQUIRE NUTRIENTS, MOISTURE, WARMTH, AND EVEN DARKNESS TO GROW AND THRIVE AEROBIC PATHOGENS REQUIRE OXYGEN TO SURVIVE ANAEROBIC PATHOGENS REQUIRE OXYGEN-FREE ENVIRONMENT TO SURVIVE

7 TYPES OF PATHOGENS FIVE MAIN TYPES OF PATHOGENS: VIRUS BACTERIA FUNGUS PARASITES PROTOZOAN

8 VIRUSES VIRUS SMALLEST TYPE OF MICROORGANISM. THEY ARE MADE UP OF ONLY A FEW MOLECULES. VIRUSES INVADE THE CELLS OF A LIVING ORGANISM WHERE THEY REPRODUCE MORE VIRUSES. MORE THAN 400 TYPES VIRAL INFECTIONS/DISEASES- COMMON COLD, FLU, RHINOVIRUS, NOROVIRUS, CHICKEN POX, MEASLES, HERPES, HEPATITIS B AND C, HIV, AND AIDS CAN ANTIBIOTICS TREAT VIRUSES (VIRAL INFECTIONS)? HOW CAN VIRUSES BE PREVENTED OR TREATED?

9 Measles Can we prevent measles today?

10 BACTERIA BACTERIA ONE-CELLED MICROORGANISMS CLASSIFIED BY SHAPE. THREE TYPES: COCCI ROUND SHAPE BACILLI ROD SHAPE SPIRILLA SPIRAL SHAPE SPORES ARE THICK-WALLED CELLS CREATED BY BACTERIA TO AID IN REPRODUCTION AND TO MAKE THE BACTERIA RESISTANT TO HARSH ENVIRONMENTS. SPORES CAN RESULT IN SERIOUS ILLNESS. BACTERIAL INFECTIONS - STAPH INFECTIONS, STREP THROAT, LYME DISEASE, AND GONORRHEA

11 Take a moment to write down the three shapes of bacteria. Only draw one example of each type. You do not have to know all of the names In each category.

12 Strep Throat What is this tiny creature? Have you ever found one? Where? What disease can it cause?

13 FUNGUS FUNGI- PLANT-LIKE MICROORGANISMS THAT CAN BE FOUND IN THE AIR, IN SOIL, ON PLANTS, OR IN WATER. YEAST, MOLD, AND MUSHROOM MANY PRESENT IN BODY S NORMAL FLORA MANY DO NOT CAUSE DISEASE FUNGAL INFECTIONS- ATHLETE S FOOT, RINGWORM, THRUSH, AND YEAST INFECTIONS

14 And.what is this? Why does it have this name?

15 PARASITE PARASITE- CAN INFECT EYES, NOSE, BRAIN, INTESTINES DERIVE A BENEFIT FROM THEIR HOST WITHOUT GIVING ANYTHING BACK 2 TYPES 1. ECTOPARASITES (OUTSIDE): FLEAS, LICE, MOSQUITOS, TICKS PASS ON DISEASES LIKE MALARIA, ROCKY MOUNTAIN SPOTTED FEVER, AND TYPHUS 2. ENDOPARASITES (WITHIN): TAPE WORMS, ROUND WORMS EATING UNDERCOOKED MEAT AND DRINKING CONTAMINATED WATER.

16 PROTOZOAN TYPE OF ENDOPARASITE PROTOZOAN-THE SIMPLEST ORGANISMS IN THE ANIMAL KINGDOM. LIVE MAINLY IN SOIL SPREAD THROUGH FECAL ORAL ROUTE BY INGESTED CONTAMINATED FOOD OR WATER SOME SPREAD BY MOSQUITOES OR OTHER INSECTS MOST PROTOZOA NEED MOISTURE TO SURVIVE, SO THEY ARE OFTEN FOUND IN WATERY ENVIRONMENTS. DISEASES - MALARIA, DYSENTERY, AND AFRICAN SLEEPING SICKNESS

17 Mosquitos (an Ectoparasite) transmit Malaria by sharing an endoparasite, plasmodium.

18 UNDERSTANDING CHECK!! 1. WHICH MICROORGANISM IS HARMFUL TO THE BODY? PATHOGENIC OR NONPATHOGENIC 2. WHAT IS THE GOOD BACTERIA IN OUR BODY CALLED? 3. NAME THE FIVE PATHOGENS WE DISCUSSED.

19 PROJECT: PATHOGEN WANTED POSTERS RESEARCH PATHOGEN AND PRODUCE A WANTED POSTER MUST SIGN UP FOR YOUR PATHOGEN. EVERYONE WILL HAVE DIFFERENT PATHOGEN TO RESEARCH.

20 REQUIREMENTS PHOTO OR DRAWING DESCRIPTION PATHOGEN TYPE: BACTERIA, VIRUS, FUNGUS, ETC. ORGANISM S M.O. (HOW IT ATTACKS AND SPREADS) MOST COMMON VICTIMS TO PREY UPON HIDE OUT OF THE CULPRIT (WHERE IS IT MOST LIKELY TO BE FOUND) IS IT CONSIDERED ARMED AND DANGEROUS? MOST EFFECTIVE WEAPONS AGAINST THE PATHOGEN ANY OTHER CHARACTERISTICS

21 WHICH DO THINK IS AN A PROJECT, B, C? I EXPECT ALL OF THE REQUIREMENTS. NOTICE THE EXAMPLES I WILL SHOW YOU. YOU WILL BE GRADED FOR YOUR EFFORT, CONTENT, AND CREATIVITY.

22 EXIT TICKET 1. WHAT ARE THE HARMLESS MICROORGANISMS ON AND IN OUR BODY ARE CALLED? 2. WHAT ARE THE MICROORGANISMS CALLED THAT CARRY HARMFUL DISEASES? 3. WHICH MICROORGANISM CAN BE TREATED WITH ANTIBIOTICS? 4. GIVE TWO EXAMPLES OF WAYS PATHOGENIC DISEASES CAN BE SPREAD?