Vaccine Storage in Remote Areas
|
|
|
- Derrick Cole
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Vaccine Storage in Remote Areas Lu Aye International Technologies Centre (IDTC) Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering The University of Melbourne The 2 nd Annual Nossal Global Health Forum, 29/9/06 Outline Background Vaccine potency and the cold chain Temperature requirement Remote areas of Developing countries Two options widely available Photovoltaic refrigeration 2nd Annual Nossal Global Health Forum, 29 September of 21 1
2 Background ( mmunization/images/im munization_cartoon.jpg) A quarter of all children born every year - 34 million infants - are not protected against diseases for which there are inexpensive vaccines (Practical Action Consulting 2006). An estimated 2.1 million people around the world died in 2002 of diseases preventable by widely used vaccines (WHO 2005). 27 million children worldwide were not reached by DTP3 in 2003, including 9.9 million in South Asia and 9.6 million sub-saharan Africa (WHO 2005). 50 % of transported vaccines are wasted through spoilage, lack of electricity is the reason for spoilage (Woodyard et al. 1995). 2nd Annual Nossal Global Health Forum, 29 September of 21 Loss in potency of pertussis component of DTP vaccine (Source: Galazka et al. 1998) 2nd Annual Nossal Global Health Forum, 29 September of 21 2
3 Viability of four BCG vaccines (Source: Galazka et al. 1998) 2nd Annual Nossal Global Health Forum, 29 September of 21 Vaccine potency ( /v424/n6951/image s/424975a-i2.0.jpg) All vaccines are thermo-sensitive and need to be properly stored and distributed within an efficient cold chain system. The stability of vaccines varies considerably (Galazka et al. 1998): Diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and hepatitis B vaccine showing the highest thermostability, Freeze-dried measles, yellow fever and BCG vaccines occupying the middle position and Oral poliomyelitis vaccine being the most fragile. 2nd Annual Nossal Global Health Forum, 29 September of 21 3
4 Heat sensitivity (Source: WHO 1998) ( sses/bloodborne/pics/ HBV%20Vaccine.gif) Live oral polio vaccine (OPV) Most sensitive Measles (Lyophilized) * Pertussis and Mumps (Lyophilized) Hepatitis B Adsorbed Diphtheria-Pertussis-Tetanus vaccine (DPT) Adsorbed Diphtheria-Tetanus vaccine (DT, Td) BCG (Lyophilized) * Tetanus Toxoid (TT) Least sensitive * Note: These vaccines become much more heat sensitive after they have been reconstituted with diluent. 2nd Annual Nossal Global Health Forum, 29 September of 21 The cold chain system The cold chain refers to the system (personnel, equipment & procedure) used for keeping and distributing vaccines in good condition. The cold chain system, when implemented properly, can help overcome the challenge of the delivery of quality vaccines. The cold chain system can enhance the on-going quality, safety and efficacy of an immunization programme. 2nd Annual Nossal Global Health Forum, 29 September of 21 4
5 A typical cold chain (Source: WHO 2002) Vaccine manufacturer Vaccines International transport National airport Transit storage facilities (2 C to 8 C) Transportation with refrigerated trucks and/or cold boxes (vaccine carriers for outreach) Primary vaccine store Intermediate vaccine store Intermediate vaccine store Health centre Health post Cold room (2 C to 8 C) and freezer room (-15 C to -25 C) Cold room (2 C to 8 C) and freezer room (-15 C to -25 C) Refrigerators (2 C to 8 C) and freezers (-15 C to -25 C) Refrigerators (2 C to 8 C) and cold boxes Refrigerators (2 C to 8 C) and/or cold boxes/vaccine carriers Child and mother 2nd Annual Nossal Global Health Forum, 29 September of 21 Bolivia cold chain monitoring study; March May 2005 (Source: Nelson et al. 2006) (A) Central stores, (B) transport 1, (C) Santa Cruz (province), (D) transport 2, (E) Cordillera Camiri (district), (F) transport 3, (G) Charagua (health center) 2nd Annual Nossal Global Health Forum, 29 September of 21 5
6 Remote areas in Developing countries ~2.5 billion people live in rural areas of developing countries. Adequate electrical power and refrigeration are often lacking in developing countries. Storage, handling and the heat stability of vaccines are consequently matters of great concern in these areas. Most of these rural areas lie in hot and humid climate and have abundant sunshine. 2nd Annual Nossal Global Health Forum, 29 September of 21 Fundamental of refrigeration High temperature sink (Ambient) Work Low temperature source (Storage cabinet) To transfer heat from low temperature region to high temperature region requires work input to the device (refrigerator or reverse engine) 2nd Annual Nossal Global Health Forum, 29 September of 21 6
7 Vapour compression system (Source: 2nd Annual Nossal Global Health Forum, 29 September of 21 Absorption system (Source: 2nd Annual Nossal Global Health Forum, 29 September of 21 7
8 Comparative data ( nenergy.com/produc ts/refregerator.jpg) Parameter PV Refrigerator Net vaccine capacity (Litres) 100 Initial capital cost ($) 4500 CIF and installation ($) 1500 Fuel costs ($/day) - Maintenance costs ($/year) 150 Life time (Years) 15 Availability (% time in service) 95 (Source: Derrick & Durand 1986) Typical Kerosene nd Annual Nossal Global Health Forum, 29 September of 21 ( ge1/medical%20fridge.jpg) (Source: 2nd Annual Nossal Global Health Forum, 29 September of 21 8
9 Performance specification (Source: WHO 1998) The design of the system shall permit a minimum of five days continuous operation when the battery set is fully charged and the photovoltaic array is disconnected. In continuous ambient temperatures of +32 C and +43 C the internal temperature of the refrigerator, when stabilized and fully loaded with the standard vaccine load, shall not exceed the range of 0 C to +8 C. 2nd Annual Nossal Global Health Forum, 29 September of 21 Typical Medical-use PV Refrigerators Storage volume: 27 to 100 L Freezing volume: 5 to 60 L Energy consumption: 300 to 500 Wh/day With freezing of ice pack: 700 to 1200 Wh/day System cost: US$ 3000 to 5000 (ITDG 2000) PV arrays 28% Refrigerator 37% Batteries 24% Accessories 11% 2nd Annual Nossal Global Health Forum, 29 September of 21 9
10 PV Vaccine storage Advantages Elimination of fuel problems (Electric vapour compression systems Diesel generator; Absorption systems Kerosene fridges) Limitations Possible component failure System sizing and performance are site specific Better user training required IDTC has developed a performance prediction and system components sizing software tool for small-scale photovoltaic refrigeration system (SSPVRS). 2nd Annual Nossal Global Health Forum, 29 September of 21 References Derrick, A & Durand, JM 1986 Photovoltaic refrigerator for rural health care: Experience and conclusions, Proceedings on Solar Energy for Developing Countries: Power for villages, UK, ISES, pp Galazka, A; Milstien, J & Zaffran, M 1998 Thermostability of Vaccines. WHO/GPV/ Nelson, C; Froes, P; Dyck, AMV; Chavarria, J; Boda, E; Coca, A; Crespo, G & Lima, H 2006 Monitoring temperatures in the vaccine cold chain in Bolivia, Vaccine, vol. in press, corrected proof. Practical Action Consulting 2006 The Promise of Technology The Schumacher Centre for Technology & Development, Rugby, UK. WHO (see - World Health Organization) 1998 Equipment performance specifications and test procedures, E3: Refrigerators and freezers. WHO/EPI/LHIS/ WHO 1998 Safe Vaccine Handling, Cold Chain and Immunizations: A manual for the Newly Independent States. WHO/EPI/LHIS/ WHO 2002 Vaccines, Immunization and Biologicals. The Cold Chain. November 26, WHO 2005 Immunization Against Diseases of Public Health Importance, Fact Sheet No.288. Woodyard E; Woodyard L & Alto WA 1995 Vaccine storage in the physician s office: a community study. J Am Board Fam Pract, vol. 8, no. 2, pp nd Annual Nossal Global Health Forum, 29 September of 21 10
11 For more information contact: Lu Aye International Technologies Centre (IDTC) Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering The University of Melbourne 2nd Annual Nossal Global Health Forum, 29 September of 21 11
Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI):
Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI): Introduction Four to five million annual deaths could be prevented by 2015 through sustained and appropriate immunization efforts, backed by financial support.
EXPANDED PROGRAM OF IMMUNIZATION (EPI) Definition Program adopted by WHO since l974, it includes child immunization & vaccination of pregnant women.
EXPANDED PROGRAM OF IMMUNIZATION (EPI) Definition Program adopted by WHO since l974, it includes child immunization & vaccination of pregnant women. Strategy A. Child immunization Egyptian immunization
Primary Vaccine Container Roundtable: Modeling
Primary Vaccine Container Roundtable: Modeling Bruce Y. Lee, MD, MBA Associate Professor of Medicine, Epidemiology, and Biomedical Informatics University of Pittsburgh HERMES Vision Data on Supply Chain
Preventing Accidental Freezing in the Cold Chain. An introduction to cold chain freezing and some options for reducing it.
Preventing Accidental Freezing in the Cold Chain An introduction to cold chain freezing and some options for reducing it. Program for Appropriate Technology in Health (PATH) 4/2003 Topics Presented Freezing
Temperature monitors for vaccines and the cold chain
WHO/V&B/99.15 ORIGINAL: ENGLISH DISTR.: GENERAL Temperature monitors for vaccines and the cold chain Cold-chain monitor Vaccine vial monitor Freeze Watch TM Stop!Watch TM DT and TT shipping indicator DEPARTMENT
Global update on temperature monitoring
Global update on temperature monitoring Why bother about temperature monitoring Objectives of the immunization supply chain Impacts of temperature excursions If undetected If detected Availability of vaccines
Safe vaccine handling, cold chain and immunizations
WHO/EPI/LHIS/98.02 Original: English Distribution: General Safe vaccine handling, cold chain and immunizations A manual for the Newly Independent States GLOBAL PROGRAMME FOR VACCINES AND IMMUNIZATION EXPANDED
BCG. Program Management. Vaccine Quality
Program Management 50_16 To change from general to selective BCG vaccination, an efficient notification system must be in place in addition to the following criteria: an average annual notification rate
Vaccine Storage and Cold Chain
REVIEW ARTICLE April 2014 / Vol. 4 / Issue 2 Vaccine Storage and Cold Chain Amol R Dongre Professor of Community Medicine, Sri Mankula Vinayagar Medical College, Puducherry Objectives: Describe the importance
Chapter 23.4 Vaccine Storage and Cold Chain Karan Singh Sagar, Manish Jain. The Childhood Years PART V MORE ON THIS TOPIC
906 IN A NUTSHELL The Childhood Years PART V 1. Proper scheduling of available vaccine is the key to proper utilization of available vaccines and achieving good protection against prevailing VPDs. 2. The
VACCINE MANAGEMENT. Recommendations for Handling and Storage of Selected Biologicals. January 2001 DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES
VACCINE MANAGEMENT Recommendations for Handling and Storage of Selected Biologicals January 2001 DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES DTaP: Diphtheria Toxoid, Tetanus Toxoid, Acellular Pertussis Vaccine
Case Studies on Monitoring the Heat and Freeze Sensitive of Vaccines
Case Studies on Monitoring the Heat and Freeze Sensitive of Vaccines DCVMN Workshop "Vaccine quality management systems for manufacturing excellence" Michael Rush, MBA Executive Director - Global Health
Determinants of Vaccination Status in Rural Guinea-Bissau. Linda Hornshøj
Determinants of Vaccination Status in Rural Guinea-Bissau Linda Hornshøj Background In1974 World Health organization (WHO) launched the Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) to provide routine vaccinations
Vaccine Cold Chain in a Continental Country Brazil
Vaccine Cold Chain in a Continental Country Brazil GISELE MIRANDA 2018 FLY PHARMA US 11 SEP 2018 Fiocruz / Bio-Manguinhos Part of the MoH 118 years old Biggest health institution in Brazil Presence in
Adolescent vaccination strategies
Adolescent vaccination strategies Gregory Hussey Vaccines for Africa Initiative Institute of Infectious Diseases & Molecular Medicine University of Cape Town www.vacfa.uct.ac.za gregory.hussey@uct.ac.za
Last mile vaccine distribution to rural health centres. Faheem Merchant
Last mile vaccine distribution to rural health centres Faheem Merchant New Global Immunization Goals 2000 - Millennium Development Goal # 4 Reduce under 5 child mortality by 2/3 between 1990 and 2015.
Vaccines and immunization
^ и Л World Health Organization ^ ^ ^ ^ Organisation mondiale de la Santé EXECUTIVE BOARD Ninety-fifth Session Provisional agenda item 10 EB95/INF.DOC./7 19 October 1994 Vaccines and immunization Orientation
CALIFORNIA CODE OF REGULATIONS TITLE 17, DIVISION 1, CHAPTER 4
CALIFORNIA CODE OF REGULATIONS TITLE 17, DIVISION 1, CHAPTER 4 Article 1. Definitions 6000. Admission. Admission means a pupil's first entry in a given public or private elementary or secondary school,
COLD CHAIN GUIDELINE Edition 2 FSU-MSF-H 2002
COLD CHAIN GUIDELINE Edition 2 FSU-MSF-H 2002 22-1-2002Cold Chain guideline 2002 FSU-MSF page 2 Table of Content 1. Immunity and vaccines...6 Immunity...6 A bit of theory on immunization...6 Why Immunize?...7
Programme update. Prequalification of Vaccines
Programme update Prequalification of Vaccines UN Prequalification of Medicines, Diagnostics and Vaccines 6th Consultative Stakeholder Meeting 4 April 2011 David Wood, WHO/IVB/QSS Outline Good news - A
Strengthening Immunization in a West African Country: Mali
O R I G I N A L R E S E A R C H P A P E R Strengthening Immunization in a West African Country: Mali JB Milstien 1, M Tapia 1, SO Sow 2, L Keita 2, K Kotloff 1 1 University of Maryland School of Medicine,
Temperature Intelligence Solutions. Thermostability of Vaccines
Thermostability of Vaccines Why are all vaccines sensitive to heat and some to freezing? Why is thermostability of vaccine important? What can be done to improve the thermostability of vaccines? Goals
This document was published by: The National Department of Health. Editorial team: Provincial EPI Team National EPI Team Dr NJ Ngcobo
REVISED : OCTOBER 2010 This document was published by: The National Department of Health Editorial team: Provincial EPI Team National EPI Team Dr NJ Ngcobo Copies may be obtained from: The National Department
PROCESS EVALUATION OF IMMUNIZATION COMPONENT IN MAMTA DIWAS AND SUPPORT SERVICES IN KHEDA DISTRICT, GUJARAT
Original Article PROCESS EVALUATION OF IMMUNIZATION COMPONENT IN MAMTA DIWAS AND SUPPORT SERVICES IN KHEDA DISTRICT, GUJARAT Deepak Kumar Sharma 1, Arun Varun 2, Rakesh Patel 2, Uday Shankar Singh 3 Financial
Measles. Phases of accelerated measles control activities (measles mortality reduction and measles elimination) are indicated in Appendix 80_5.
Program Management 80_1 With renewed global commitment to achieving measles mortality reduction, the 2003 World Health Assembly stressed the importance of achieving the goals adopted by the United Nations
Afghanistan: WHO and UNICEF estimates of immunization coverage: 2017 revision
Afghanistan: WHO and UNICEF estimates of immunization coverage: 2017 revision July 7, 2018; page 1 WHO and UNICEF estimates of national immunization coverage - next revision available July 15, 2019 data
Hepatitis B vaccination of newborns in rural China: evaluation of an out-of-coldchain delivery strategy. Istanbul, Turkey March 15-17, 2006
Hepatitis B vaccination of newborns in rural China: evaluation of an out-of-coldchain delivery strategy Istanbul, Turkey March 15-17, 2006 Contents Introduction Objective Methods and Implementation Results
Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI)
Bhutan 2017 Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI) FACT SHEET Acronyms AD Auto disable MCV1 First dose measles containing vaccine AEFI Adverse events following immunization MCV2 Second dose measles containing
A vaccine s journey: the many steps to saving lives
A vaccine s journey: the many steps to saving lives GW-USAID Mini-University 7 March 2014 Endale Beyene, MA, MPH Rebecca Fields, MPH Angela Shen, ScD, MPH Outline I. What is the problem and where are we
VACCINATION. DR.FATIMA ALKHALEDY M.B.Ch.B;F.I.C.M.S/C.M.
VACCINATION DR.FATIMA ALKHALEDY M.B.Ch.B;F.I.C.M.S/C.M. IMMUNIZATION Immunization is defined as the procedure by which the body is prepared to fight against a specific disease. It is used to induce the
Temperature data analysis of the vaccine cold chain system in northern part of Thailand.
Research Article http://www.alliedacademies.org/advances-in-cell-science-and-tissue-culture/ Temperature data analysis of the vaccine cold chain system in northern part of Thailand. Kannika T 1 *, Nopphadol
Global Epidemiology and Prevention of Hepatitis B
Global Epidemiology and Prevention of Hepatitis B Dr. Steven Wiersma WHO Geneva Strengthening immunisation systems and introduction of hepatitis B vaccine in Central and Eastern Europe and the Newly Independent
Child Health Services
Chapter 4 Child Health Services 4.1 Background 4.1.1 Collection of Child Health Information According to the World Health Organization (WHO), many sick children who are brought to the attention of health
Global landscape analysis and literature review of 2 nd Year of Life immunization platform
Global landscape analysis and literature review of 2 nd Year of Life immunization platform Global Vaccine and Immunization Research Forum 15-17 March 2016 Johannesburg, South Africa Imran Mirza; Celina
CHILD REGISTRATION FORM
CHILD REGISTRATION FORM 030 011 Health facility code 1232-21348 1342-21353 7654-87213 1092-43579 9876-12431 1432-12322 030 011 CHILD REGISTRATION FORM 030 012 2354-46789 6512-23659 3243-54657 4354-65768
COLD CHAIN EQUIPMENT OPTIMISATION PLATFORM (CCEOP)
COLD CHAIN EQUIPMENT OPTIMISATION PLATFORM (CCEOP) Sushila Maharjan Senior Manager, Innovative Finance International Conference on Sustainable Cooling World Bank Washington DC - 29 November 2018 Reach
Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI)
Indonesia 217 Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI) FACT SHEET Acronyms AD Auto disable MCV1 First dose measles containing vaccine AEFI Adverse events following immunization MCV2 Second dose measles
Student Immunization Record Part I Student Information
Student Immunization Record Part I Student Information Student ID#: Last Name: First Name: _ MI: Date of Birth: Sex: Phone Number: E-mail: Parts II - IV are to be completed by a Healthcare provider. All
UNICEF Safe Injection Equipment Key highlights
Safe Injection Equipment VPPEF 03 October 2017 UNICEF Safe Injection Equipment Key highlights Nagwa Hasanin, HTC Vaccine Pharmaceutical form Route of administration Liquid Freeze- dried oral Inject Site
Administrative Policies and Procedures
Administrative Policies and Procedures Originating Venue: Medication Management Policy No.: MM 2716 Title: Handling and Storage of Vaccines Cross Reference: Date Issued: 10/15, 7/16 Date Reviewed: 7/16
A study to assess vaccine wastage in an immunization clinic of tertiary care centre, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, India
International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences Tiwari R et al. Int J Res Med Sci. 2017 Jun;5(6):2472-2476 www.msjonline.org pissn 2320-6071 eissn 2320-6012 Original Research Article DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20172431
Monitoring and Evaluation IN ACTION! Duff Gillespie
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike License. Your use of this material constitutes acceptance of that license and the conditions of use of materials on this
STUDY OF COLD CHAIN PRACTICES AT COMMUNITY HEALTH CENTERS OF DAMOH DISTRICT OF MADHYA PRADESH
ORIGINAL ARTICLE pissn 0976 3325 eissn 2229 6816 Open Access Article www.njcmindia.org STUDY OF COLD CHAIN PRACTICES AT COMMUNITY HEALTH CENTERS OF DAMOH DISTRICT OF MADHYA PRADESH Amarnath Gupta 1, Rekha
Family and Travel Vaccinations
Family and Travel Vaccinations We offer the full range of baby, child and family vaccinations. We are able to tailor schedules to your child s needs or international schedule. We have a suggested vaccination
Monitoring ambient and cold chain temperatures during delivery of human papillomavirus vaccine in Vietnam and Uganda
Monitoring ambient and cold chain temperatures during delivery of human papillomavirus vaccine in Vietnam and Uganda Summary report September 2010 MAIL PO Box 900922 Seattle, WA 98109 USA STREET 2201 Westlake
Immunization Toolkit for Immunization Providers
Immunization Toolkit for Immunization Providers Communicable Disease Prevention and Control Division Public Health Branch Department of Health and Wellness 09/09/2014 1 Contents Introduction... 3 General
Frequently asked questions (FAQs) on MR vaccination campaign. Training Workshop for Measles-Rubella Vaccination Campaigns
Frequently asked questions (FAQs) on MR vaccination campaign Training Workshop for Measles-Rubella Vaccination Campaigns What are measles/rubella diseases? Measles is a highly infectious disease causing
Prospective Models for Vaccine Procurement and Security in National Immunization Programmes;
Prospective Models for Vaccine Procurement and Security in National Immunization Programmes; Sri Lankan Experience Dr. Sudath Peiris, Immuinization Programme Manager, Sri Lanka Achievements and strengths
A REVIEW ON VACCINE STORAGE: KEEPING VACCINES SAFE WHEN THEY ARE IN HIGHEST DEMAND ABSTRACT
A REVIEW ON VACCINE STORAGE: KEEPING VACCINES SAFE WHEN THEY ARE IN HIGHEST DEMAND SOFIYA VARGHESE*, K KRISHNAKUMAR, L PANAYAPPAN, K JAYAPRAKSH* Department of Pharmacy Practice, St.James College Of Pharmaceutical
Syrian Programme Refugees Advice on assessment of immunisation status and recommendations for additional immunisation
Syrian Programme Refugees Advice on assessment of immunisation status and recommendations for additional immunisation Background Information Immunisation services in Syria Syria had good immunisation services,
FREEZE - DRIED GLUTAMATE BCG VACCINE (JAPAN) FOR INTRADERMAL USE
(For The Medical Profession) FREEZE - DRIED GLUTAMATE BCG VACCINE (JAPAN) FOR INTRADERMAL USE DESCRIPTION It is a live freeze - dried vaccine made from an attenuated strain of Mycobacterium bovis. It is
THIS FORM IS FOR MEDICAL STUDENTS ONLY IMMUNIZATION RECORD
Student Health Requirements Student health forms (physical exam and immunization records) are due in the Office of Clinical Education by March 1st for those students admitted on or before December 31st,
Program: Expanding immunization coverage for children
1 of 7 05/04/2012 20:51 Published on GiveWell (http://givewell.org) Home > Program: Expanding immunization coverage for children Program: Expanding immunization coverage for children In a nutshell The
Immunisation. Objectives. Immunity is the protection which the body develops against further damage by an organism or toxin.
2 Immunisation Objectives When you have completed this unit you should be able to: Define immunisation. Write the immunisation schedule. Understand the advantages of immunisation. List the contraindications
Total population 24,759,000. Live births (LB) 342,458. Children <1 year 337,950. Children <5 years 1,698,664. Children <15 years 5,233,093
DPR Korea 4 Immunization system highlights There is a comprehensive multiyear plan (cmyp) for immunization covering -5. A standing national technical advisory group on immunization (NTAGI) with formal
SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS
1. NAME OF THE MEDICINAL PRODUCT Diphtheria, Tetanus and Pertussis Vaccine (Adsorbed) I.P. Injectable, Suspension for injection. 2. QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE COMPOSITION Each dose of 0.5 ml contains:
Polio and measles control: opportunities and threats for health systems
Polio and measles control: opportunities and threats for health systems USAID Global Health Mini University March 4, 2016 Dr. Craig Burgess, JSI OVERVIEW Polio and measles: an overview Control strategies
Frequently asked questions (FAQs) on MR vaccination campaign
Frequently asked questions (FAQs) on MR vaccination campaign What are measles/rubella diseases? Measles is a highly infectious disease causing illness and death due to complications in the form of diarrhea,
Table 1: Basic information Total population 25,030, (per 100,000 LB) Division/Province/State/Region 11. District 210
EPI history EPI launched in 980 HepB vaccine introduced in 003 AD syringes introduced in 003 HepB birth dose introduced in 004 DTP-HepB vaccine introduced in 006 MCV introduced in 008 DTP-Hib-HepB vaccine
Pakistan: WHO and UNICEF estimates of immunization coverage: 2017 revision
Pakistan: WHO and UNICEF estimates of immunization coverage: 2017 revision July 7, 2018; page 1 WHO and UNICEF estimates of national immunization coverage - next revision available July 15, 2019 data received
Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI)
Sri Lanka 217 Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI) FACT SHEET Acronyms AD Auto disable MCV1 First dose measles containing vaccine AEFI Adverse events following immunization MCV2 Second dose measles
External Evaluation of the National Immunisation Programme in Bosnia and Herzegovina
External Evaluation of the National Immunisation Programme in Bosnia and Herzegovina Pertners: UNICEF, Bosnia and Herzegovina WHO, Bosnia and Herzegovina Canadian Public Health Association Federal Ministry
District Fact Sheet - Guna
District Fact Sheet - Guna Compiled By: - District Planning & Monitoring Unit, Guna D P M U Zila Panchayat, Guna Distr Profile on Guna Demographic and Economic 1 Population (million) 2011 1240938 72597565
IMMUNISATION CHALLENGES IN FIJI AND THE PACIFIC. 10th New Zealand Immunization Conference Litiana Volavola, National EPI Programme Officer, Fiji
IMMUNISATION CHALLENGES IN FIJI AND THE PACIFIC 10th New Zealand Immunization Conference Litiana Volavola, National EPI Programme Officer, Fiji Fiji: facts and figures Total population: 905,776 Total live
APPENDIX EE VACCINE STATUS AND DATE
VACCINE STATUS AND DATE Vaccine Status, Date is a ten-character field which presents information about each of the vaccines required for children. For most cases, the first character tells the vaccine
Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI)
Timor-Leste 217 Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI) FACT SHEET Acronyms AD Auto disable MCV1 First dose measles containing vaccine AEFI Adverse events following immunization MCV2 Second dose measles
A vaccine cold chain freezing study in PNG highlights technology needs for hot climate countries
Vaccine 25 (2007) 691 697 A vaccine cold chain freezing study in PNG highlights technology needs for hot climate countries Theo Wirkas a, Steven Toikilik b, Nan Miller b,chrismorgan c, C. John Clements
VI Child Health. Immunisation
VI Child Health Immunisation Millennium Development Goal (MDG) 4 is to reduce child mortality by two-thirds between 1990 and 2015. Immunisation plays a key part in this goal. Immunisation has saved the
Vaccine stability monitoring using the LifeTrack electronic stability monitor
Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Procedia in Vaccinology 1 (2009) 177 182 2 nd Vaccine Global Congress, Boston 2008 Vaccine stability monitoring using the LifeTrack electronic stability monitor
Nigeria: WHO and UNICEF estimates of immunization coverage: 2017 revision
Nigeria: WHO and UNICEF estimates of immunization coverage: 2017 revision July 7, 2018; page 1 WHO and UNICEF estimates of national immunization coverage - next revision available July 15, 2019 data received
3. Immunization safety
ORIGINAL : ENGLISH Training for mid-level managers (MLM) 3. Immunization safety Vaccine safety and quality Safe injections and waste disposal Immunization safety surveillance Immunization, Vaccines and
Table 1: Basic information 2017
EPI history EPI launched in 978 OPV and MCV introduced in 987 AD syringes introduced in 00 HepB vaccine introduced in 003 MCV introduced partially in 008 and made available nationwide in 0 DTP-Hib-HepB
Impact of Immunization on Under 5 Mortality
Annals of Community Health (AoCH) pissn 2347-5455 eissn 2347-5714 An Indexed (Index Medicus, DOAJ and More), Peer Reviewed, Quarterly, International Journal focusing exclusively on Community Medicine and
Dr. Collins Tabu KPA Conference, 26 th April 2018 Mombasa, Kenya
Dr. Collins Tabu KPA Conference, 26 th April 2018 Mombasa, Kenya Presentation Outline Background Immunization Performance review Available Opportunities for engagement Planned and ongoing strategies- New
History and aims of immunisation. Dr Anna Clarke Department of Public Health Dr. Steevens Hospital Dublin 8
History and aims of immunisation Dr Anna Clarke Department of Public Health Dr. Steevens Hospital Dublin 8 Objectives To examine the history of immunisation To explain the aim of immunisation To develop
Heat and Freeze Sensitivity of Vaccines
Heat and Freeze Sensitivity of Vaccines DCVMN Workshop "Vaccine quality management systems for manufacturing excellence" Michael Rush, MBA Executive Director - Global Health Policy October 24-25, 2013
National Immunisation News The newsletter of the HSE National Immunisation Office
February 2015 National Immunisation News The newsletter of the HSE National Immunisation Office CONTENTS Changes to the PCI programme Uptake statistics Pneumovax name change Flu season Common queries School
Selected vaccine introduction status into routine immunization
Selected introduction status into routine infant immunization worldwide, 2003 This report summarizes the current status of national immunization schedules in 2003, as reported by Member States in the /UNICEF
Progress reports on selected Regional Committee resolutions:
REGIONAL COMMITTEE Provisional Agenda item 4.7.2 Sixty-sixth Session SEA/RC66/14 SEARO, New Delhi, India 10 13 September 2013 19 July 2013 Progress reports on selected Regional Committee resolutions: 2012:
Module 2: Vaccines and drugs: similarities and differences
Module 2: Vaccines and drugs: similarities and differences Vaccine PV Fellowship WHO Collaborating Centre for Advocacy and Training in Pharmacovigilance Accra, Ghana 7 th 18 th September 2015 Learning
Indiana Immunization Coalition June 2013 Meeting
Indiana Immunization Coalition June 2013 Meeting Identify 3 new recommendations for proper storage & handling of vaccines Describe the recommendations for the use of equipment used to monitor storage unit
Oregon Immunization Program
Oregon Immunization Program Standard Operating Procedures for Vaccine Management It is the direct responsibility of the staff person designated below to safeguard and ensure the maintenance of vaccines
Thailand Expanded Program on Immunization. Suchada Jiamsiri, MD, MPH Division of Vaccine Preventable Diseases Ministry of Public Health, Thailand
Thailand Expanded Program on Immunization Suchada Jiamsiri, MD, MPH Division of Vaccine Preventable Diseases Ministry of Public Health, Thailand Outline Expanded Program on Immunization Organization Immunization
7Monitoring and using your data
7Monitoring and using your data 7: Monitoring and using your data About this module This module discusses how to collect and report data, and how to monitor your performance using your own data. It also
Evaluation of Immunization Knowledge, Practices, and Service-delivery in the Private Sector in Cambodia
J HEALTH POPUL NUTR 2008 Mar;26(1):95-104 ISSN 1606-0997 $ 5.00+0.20 INTERNATIONAL CENTRE FOR DIARRHOEAL DISEASE RESEARCH, BANGLADESH Evaluation of Immunization Knowledge, Practices, and Service-delivery
SESSION SITES MONITORING OF ROUTINE IMMUNIZATION PROGRAM IN BIJAPUR DISTRICT
Int. J. LifeSc. Bt & Pharm. Res. 2013 Santosh M Biradar and Mallikarjun K Biradar, 2013 Research Paper ISSN 2250-3137 www.ijlbpr.com Vol. 2, No. 4, October 2013 2013 IJLBPR. All Rights Reserved SESSION
Total population 1,212,110. Live births (LB) 43,924. Children <1 year 40,351. Children <5 years 192,340. Children <15 years 510,594
Draft version for the SEAR-ITAG 5-9 June 5 All data provisional as of May 5 Timor Leste 4 Immunization system highlights There is a comprehensive multi-year plan (cmyp) for immunization covering 3-5. 8%
Immunization. Historical point
Immunization Historical point In 1796 Edward Jenner s use of material from cowpox pustules to provide protection against smallpox. Louis Pasteur s 1885 rabies was the next to make an impact on human disease
Prequalification Team WHO PUBLIC INSPECTION REPORT Vaccine Manufacturer
20, avenue Appia CH-1211 Geneva 27 Switzerland Tel central +41 22 791 2111 Fax central +41 22 791 3111 www.who.int Part 1: General information Name of Manufacturer Prequalification Team WHO PUBLIC INSPECTION
GAVI ALLIANCE: UPDATE AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS FOR GLOBAL VACCINES AND IMMUNISATIONS
GAVI ALLIANCE: UPDATE AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS FOR GLOBAL VACCINES AND IMMUNISATIONS Ranjana Kumar International Rotavirus Symposium Istanbul, 3 4 June 2008 The GAVI Alliance Public-private partnership bringing
State Institute of Health & Family Welfare, Jaipur
State Institute of Health & Family Welfare, Jaipur Why Immunization? Key strategy to child survival Protecting infants from VPDs Lowers morbidity and mortality rates in children Can lead to lower birth
Global Health Policy: Vaccines
Global Health Policy: Vaccines Edwin J. Asturias Senior Investigator Colorado School of Public Health Department of Pediatrics Children s Hospital Colorado UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
Introduction of Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine into immunization programmes
WHO/V&B/00.05 ORIGINAL: ENGLISH DISTR.: GENERAL Introduction of Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine into immunization programmes Management guidelines, including information for health workers and parents
Total population 20,675,000. Live births (LB) 349,715. Children <1 year 346,253. Children <5 years 1,778,050. Children <15 years 5,210,100
Sri Lanka 4 Immunization system highlights There is a comprehensive multi-year plan (cmyp) for immunization system strengthening covering -6. A national policy on immunization has been developed. A standing
Total population 1,265,308,000. Live births (LB) 27,016,000. Children <1 year 25,928,200. Children <5 years 23,818,000. Children <15 years 25,639,000
India 4 Immunization system highlights There is a comprehensive multiyear plan (cmyp) for immunization covering 3-7. National technical advisory group on immunization (NTAGI) exists and formal written
WHO Recommendations and Guidelines for the Prevention of Perinatal Hepatitis B and Use of Hepatitis B Vaccines
WHO Recommendations and Guidelines for the Prevention of Perinatal Hepatitis B and Use of Hepatitis B Vaccines Steven Wiersma,, Medical Officer WHO/EPI EPI,, Geneva March, 2006 Epidemiology Strategy WHO
Assessment of immunization coverage in an urban slum of bangalore city
Assessment of immunization coverage in an urban slum of bangalore city C Karthik 1 *, Shobha 2, TS Ranganath 3, P Sushmitha 4 1* Post Graduate, Department of Community Medicine, Bangalore Medical College
6. Making a comprehensive annual national immunization plan and budget
ORIGINAL : ENGLISH Training for mid-level managers (MLM) 6. Making a comprehensive annual national immunization plan and budget Analyse data Interactive problemsolving Combine and integrate Check completeness
Guidelines for Estimating Costs of Introducing New Vaccines into the National Immunization System
resource from : Evaluating HPV vaccination pilots: practical experience from path publication title Guidelines for Estimating Costs of Introducing New Vaccines into the National Immunization System publisher