KEY WORDS Sugarcane, biological control, Scarnbaeidae, grubs, Metarhjzju,", Coleoptera.
|
|
- Neal Dalton
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Pathogenicity of Metarhizium anisopliae var. major (Metschnikoft) Sorokin to a Sugarcane Grub Ligyrus subtropicus (Blatchley) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)1 R N. Raid and R. H. Cherry University of Florida Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences Everglades Research and Education Center P.O. Box 8003, Belle Glade, Florida 33430,I. Agric. Entomol. 9(1): (January 1992) ABSTRACf Three Meto.rhizium arlisoplio.e vaf. major (Metschnikoff) Sorokin isolates, each collected from 8 different sugarcane white grub species, were tested for pathogenicity to third-instar larvae of Ligyrus subtropicus (Blatchley). Only the isolate originating from L. subtropicus proved to be pathogenic under the conditions of this study, resulting in 78% and 92% mortality in two separate tests. Results from a field survey investigating natural incidence of M anisopliae in L. subtropicus larvae, in conjunction with field observations in associated studies, suggest that M. anisop/iae occurs at very low levels in L. subtropicus populations in sugarcane fields. The high mortalities observed in our pathogenicity tests indicate that the isolate originating from L. subtropicus warrants further consideration for biological control of that grub species. KEY WORDS Sugarcane, biological control, Scarnbaeidae, grubs, Metarhjzju,", Coleoptera Sugarcane is Florida's most valuable field crop and is primarily grown in the Everglades area of southern Florida. The crop is attacked by two major groups of soil insect pests, wireworms (Elateridae), which cause damage to newly planted sugarcane (Hall 1985), and several species of white grubs (Scarabaeidae). In Florida, grubs are considered pests of ratoon sugarcane (Cherry 1988), feeding on the roots of sugarcane plants. Of the grubs, Ligyrus sublropicus (Blatchley) is the I>rimary species of economic importance (Gordon and Anderson 1981). Yield reductions of up to 39% have been reported in areas of high infestation (Sosa 1984). Currently, there is no known chemical control for white grubs in Florida sugarcane, and flooding of grub-infested fields is sometimes used for control (Cherry 1984). Very little has been published on biological control of grubs in Florida sugarcane. Sosa and Beavers (1985) demonstrated that entomophilic nematode species were capable of infecting L. subtropicus under laboratory conditions. Boucias et a1. (1986) reported that Bacillus popilliae Dutky, the causal agent of milky disease, was the major pathogen found in third instar grubs of L. subtropicus in Florida sugarcane fields nnd that the bacterium was widespread in the sugarcane producing region. Ligyrus sublropicus was also found infected by two entomogenolls fungi, Melarhizium anisopliae var. major (MetschnikofO Sorokin and Beauueria I Heceived (or publication 7 May 1989: accepted 20 June
2 12 J. Agric. Entomol. Vol. 9, No. 1 (1992) bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin, although much less frequently. Illingworth (1921) reported a naturally occurring epidemic caused by a green muscardine fungus, presumably M. anisopliae, in Australian sugarcane grub populations. The ease of propagation (Barnes et al. ]975) makes M. anisopliae an excellent candidate fol' biological control. In Australia, laboratory results using M anisopliae to control several grub species have demonstrated enough promise to extend the research to field experiments (Samuels et al. 1990). The objectives of this study were to determine more fully the incidence of M. anisopliae infection in L. subtropicus under field conditions, and to investigate the pathogenicity of several M. anisopliae isolates to L. subtropicus under controlled conditions. Materials and Methods Field Swvey. First-, secondo, and third-instar larvae were collected at monthly intervals for 9 mo and observed for natural incidence of M. anisopliae infection. Collections were initiated \11th first instar larvae dw-ing July 1988, continued with second-instar larvae in August 1988, and concluded with third-instar Illlvae from September 1988 to April Twenty-five lalvae were collected from each of five commercial ratoon sugarcane fields in the Everglades Agricultural Area (EAA) each month. L31vae were located by digging beneath sugarcane plants. Grubs were placed into individual containers when found in the field by placing a metal specimen box beneath the grub and manipulating the glub into the box using the box lid to avoid cross contamination due to handling. First- and second-instar larvae were placed into 1.5- by 5 cm diam boxes while larger third-instar Imvae were placed into 2- by 8-cm diam boxes. Only live grubs not damaged during field collection were selected for sampling. Approximately 8-10 g of moist (1 ml of water!1 g air-dried soil), fumigated organic soil (muck), along with a slice of raw carrot for food, were added to each container on the date of collection. Boxes containing grubs were maintained at room temperature (23 27 C) with lids closed to maintain high relative humidity. In earlier tests, we had successfully induced M. anisopliae infection of L. subtropicus larvae under the temperatures and moisture conditions previously mentioned, with rnoliality normally occurring within 2 wk of inoculation. Thus, field-collected l8lvae were obselved for symptoms of disease development after 7 and 14 d of incubation. Pathogenicity Studies. A single isolate of M. anisopliae was obtained from each of three different species of sugarcane grubs: L. subtropicus, Cyclocephala pw allcla Casey, and Euphoria sepulchralis (F.). [solates were obtained from grub cadavers (third-instal' larvae) found covered with the fungus in Florida sugarcane fields during 1987 and 1988, and were designated as MA-LS, MA-CP, and MA-ES, respectively. Isolates were maintained by peliodic single-spore transfers onto Sabouraud maltose agar. Voucher specimens are to be maintained by the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC), Rockville, Maryland. Using Koch's postulates, the pathogenicity of each isolate (at a concentration of 1 X 10' conidida!g of air-dried fumigated organic soil) was demonstrated, on the grub species from which it was originally recovered, by following the pathogenicity test procedures described below.
3 RAID and CHERRY: Metarhizium in Sugarcane Grubs 13 Inoculum for the pathogenicity tests was produced by spreading 0.5-ml spore suspensions of each isolate onto the agar surface of Petri dishes (loo by 15 mm) containing 20 ml of Sabouraud maltose agar and incubating at 27 C for 10 d in darkness. Conidia were harvested using a rubber spatula and sterile deionized water (SDW) containing 0.5% Tween 20. Subsequent to passing through a double layer of cheesecloth, concentrations of conidial suspensions were adjusted to approximately conidia/ml of water using a stage haemocytometer. Aliquots of 300 ml of conidial suspension were used to infest 300 g (air-dried wt.) of fumigated organic soil. The inoculated soil was placed in transparent plastic boxes (23 by 30 by 10 cm high) with lids. Expermental controls consisted of soil receiving 300 ml of SDW in place of conidial suspensions. Ten third-instar L. subtropicus larvae (mean wt 4.1 g) were placed into each box containing soil infested with conidia of one of the three fungal isolates 01' the sterile water control. Raw carrot slices were placed into the bottom of each container as 8 food source. Each box was considered a replicate and five replications of each isolate and the control were incubated simultaneously, with containers being arranged in randomized complete blocks within an incubator maintained at 22 C. The experiment was initiated on 13 Jan Grubs were held for 25 d and observed for symptom development and mortality due to M. anisopliae. Data were analyzed utilizing Scheffe's multiple comparison procedure (SAS 1982). Pathogenesis. M. anisopliae isolate MA-LS was selected for further observations based upon its demonstrated pathogenicity to L. subtropicus in our initial pathogenicity study. During February 1989, five replications of 10 third-instar L. subtropicus larvae were incubated in non-infested soil and soil infested with the MA-LS Melarhizium isolate in the manner previously described. Grubs were obser...ed at 2 d intervals for symptom development and mortalit.y for 25 d. Results and Discussion Field Survey. A total of t,125 field-collected larvae (125, 125, and 875 first, second, and third-instar larvae. respectively) were observed for infection by M. anisopliae. Milky disease, caused by B. popilliae, developed in several grubs. M. anisopliae infection of L. sublropicus was not detected in this study. However, dead third instar larvae of L. subtropicus were occasionally observed colonized by the entomopathogen in sugarcane fields during other studies. Boucias et al. (l986) reported B. popilliae as the primary pathogen found in L. subtropicus grubs in Florida sugarcane fields although M. anisopliae was also detected. Our results support their findings. In studies of a sugarcane grub, Lepidiola albohirtum (Waterhouse), in Australia (lllingworth 1921), found the highest incidence of M. anisopliae to be under moist field conditions. Abnormally dry conditions during the major portion of this study may have been a factor contributing to the failure to detect the disease in the field survey. Young (1974) suggested t.hat low soil moisture was a factor in keeping M. ani.'lopliae at low levels in Tonga. Pathogenicity Studies. Results of the pathogenicity study are shown in Table 1. Differences among treatments in mortality due to causes other than M. anisopliae infection were not significant (P> 0.05). MA-LS, the isolate originating from L. subtropicus, was the only isolate causing mortlliity of L. subtropicus under the conditions of this study. Others (McCauley et al. 1968, Daoust and Roberts 1983) have demonstrated that certain strains of M. allisopliae are capable of infecting
4 14 J. Agric. Entomol. Vol. 9. No. 1 (1992) Table 1. Mortality of L. Bubtropicus third-instar larvae exposed to various isolates of M. anisopliae. Isolate (original host) MA-LS (L. subtropicus) Total 96a % Mortality" Metarhizium 78 a Other causes 18 a MA-CP (C. paral/ela) MA-ES (E. sepulchralis) 16 b Ob 16 a lob Ob 10 a Control 26 b Ob 26a a Percent mortality based upon observations of 50 larvae per isolole. Means within columns followed by the same letter are not significantly different (Scherre's multiple comparison procedure; P> D.Oa). several insect species, even those from different orders. The fact that the MA-CP and MA-ES isolates had earlier demonstrated pathogenicity on C. parallela and E. sepulchralis. respectively, suggests that the M. anisopliae isolates used in this investigation may be more specific. It is also possible that these results reflect only the relative virulence of the three isolates under our test conditions, and the MA-CP and MA-ES isolates could prove to be pathogenic to L. subtropicus under different conditions. Further research on this aspect is needed. Pathogenesis. Percentage accumulated mortality of third-instar larvae using the MA-LS isolate is presented in Figure 1. No mortality was observed in the uninoculated checks. The high mortality (92%) due to the MA-LS isolate agrees with the mortality (78%) observed in the pathogenicity test. The mortality rate due to M. anisopliae was greatest d after inoculation, and 96% of the M. anisopliae casualties were dead within 19 d. Observations on symptomatology showed a decrease in grub responsiveness to probing approximately 8-10 dafter inoculation. In contrast to the controls, the integument of newly-infected larvae was discolored and generally exhibited an orange tint. Approximately h later, infected larvae usually succumbed with the body becoming rigid but exhibiting no external fungal signs. External white mycelial growth was generally evident within an additional h. Characteristic external green sporulation covering the integument was observed within 24 h after the development of external mycelium. In summary, our observations showed M. anisopliae to occur naturally in Florida sugarcane fields, but at extremely low levels. It does not appear to be a major grub mortality factor at the present time. However, the MA-LS isolate of M. anisopliae was proven to be pathogenic to third-instar larvae. The third-instar is the longest-enduring (Cherry 1985) and most destructive stage (Cherry 1991). Additional research is needed to determine the factors presently limiting M. anisopliae effectiveness in F101ida sugarcane fields, and to investigate the feasibility and efficacy of augmentative releases of the entomopathogen for controlling L. subtropicus.
5 RAID and CHERRY: Metarhizium in Sugarcane Grubs 15 ;::: 100 -J ,,----,1, ~ 80 ~6J Cl ~ 40~ 20 «1 o 1="==::+::=~, --._------~ DAYS SINCE INOCULATION Fig. 1. Percent accumulated mortality of third-instar L. subtropicus larvae following exposure to M. anisopliae (MA-LS isolate). Acknowledgment We are grateful to numerous Florida sugarcane growers for open access to their land and to the Florida Sugar Cane Leab'Ue for grant. support. Florida Agricultural Experiment Station Journal series no References Cited Barnes, G. L., D. J. Boethel, R. D. Eikenbary, J. T. Criswell, and C. R. Gentry Growth and sporulation of Melarhizium allisopliae and Beauueria bassiana on media containing various peptone sources. J. Invertebr. Pathol. 25: Boucias, D. G., R. H. Cherry, and D. L. Anderson Incidence of Bacillus popillae in Ligyros subtropicus and Cyclocephaia paraiieia (Coleoptera: Scnrabaeidae) in Florida sugarcane fields. Environ. Entomol. 15: Cherry, R. H Flooding to control the grub LigynlS subtropicus (Colcoptem: Scarabaeidae) in Florida sugarcane. J. Ecan. Entomol. 77: Seasonal phenology of white grubs (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) in Florida sugarcane fields. J. Econ. Entomol. 78: Correlation of crop age with populations of soil insect. pests in Florida sugarcane. J. Agric. Entomol. 5: Feeding rates of different larval insters of a sugarcane grub. Ligyrus subtropicus Blatchley (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). J. Agric. Entomol. 8: Daoust, R. A. and D. W. Roberts Studies on the prolonged storage of Metarhizium anisopliae conidia: cffect of growth substrate on conidial survival and virulence against mosquitoes. J. Invcrtebr. Pathol. 41:
6 16 J. Agric. Entomo!' Vol. 9, No. I (1992) Gordon, R. A., and D. L. Anderson The species of Scarabneidae (Coleoptera) associated with sugarcane in south Florida. Fla. Entomol. 64: Hall, D. G Damage by the corn wirewonn, Melanotus communis (Gly.) to plant cane during gennination and early growth. J. Am. Soc. Sugar Cane Tech. 4: Ulingworth, J. F A study of natutal methods of control for white grubs. Australian Bureau of Sugar Experiment Station (BSES). Division of Entomology, BulJetin No. 12, Brisbane, 20 pp. McCauley, V. J. E., R. Y. Zacharuk, and R. D. Tinline Histopathology of green muscardine in larvae of four species of Elatcridae (Coleoptera). J. Invertebr. Pathol. 12: Samuels, K. D. Z., D. E. Pinnock, R. M. Bull Scarabeid larvae control in sugarcane using Metarhizium allisopliae. J. Invertcbr. Pathol. 55: SAS Institute SAS user's guide: statistics, 1982 edition. SAS Institute, Cary, Nortb Carolina. 584 pp. 8058, 0., Jr Effect of wbite grub (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) infestation on sugarcane yields. J. Econ. Entomol. 77: S088, 0., Jr., and J. B. Beavers Entomogenous nematodes as biological control organisms for Ligyrus subtropicus (Coleoptera: Scarabacidae) in sugarcane. Environ. Entomol. 14: Young, E. C The epizootiology of two pathogens of the coconut palm rhinoceros beetle. J. Invertebr. Pathol. 24:
SUSCEPTIBILITY OF SCHIZONYCHA AFFINIS BEETLES TO NATIVE STRAINS OF BEAUVERIA BRONGNIARTII IN SOUTH AFRICA
SHORT, NON-REFEREED PAPER SUSCEPTIBILITY OF SCHIZONYCHA AFFINIS BEETLES TO NATIVE STRAINS OF BEAUVERIA BRONGNIARTII IN SOUTH AFRICA GOBLE TA 1,3, CONLONG DE 1,2 AND HILL MP 3 1 South African Sugarcane
More informationEn tornology. FUNGI PARASITIC ON THE NYMPH OF MOGANNZA HEBES WALKER IN TAIWAN L. S; Leu and Z. N. Wang Tainan Sugar Experiment Station Tainan, Taiwan
En tornology FUNGI PARASITIC ON THE NYMPH OF MOGANNZA HEBES WALKER IN TAIWAN L. S; Leu and Z. N. Wang Tainan Sugar Experiment Station Tainan, Taiwan ABSTRACT Two species of parasitic fungi, lsaris sinclairii
More informationCONTROL OF COTTON APHID AND GREENHOUSE WHITEFLY WITH A FUNGAL PATHOGEN
CONTROL OF COTTON APHID AND GREENHOUSE WHITEFLY WITH A FUNGAL PATHOGEN Jeong Jun Kim, Min Ho Lee, Cheol-Sil Yoon 1, Hong-sun Kim, Jai-Ki Yoo, and Kyu-Chin Kim 2 Division of Entomology, National Institute
More informationThe Use of Sludge from Cow Manure Biodigester as Fertilizer and Carrier of Cordyceps sp. for White Grub Pest Control
Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology A 6 (2016) 149-153 doi: 10.17265/2161-6256/2016.03.001 D DAVID PUBLISHING The Use of Sludge from Cow Manure Biodigester as Fertilizer and Carrier of Cordyceps
More informationInfluence of different storage conditions on vitality and virulence of Beauveria bassiana spores
Influence of different storage conditions on vitality and virulence of Beauveria bassiana spores Jana ŠIMKOVÁ University of South Bohemia, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Plant Protection, Studentská
More informationEAR AND KERNEL ROTS. When to look for: Mid-August to October (and during storage)
EAR AND KERNEL ROTS When to look for: Mid-August to October (and during storage) Reduction in yield and grain quality due to infection by fungi of ears and kernels both during the growing season, and while
More informationAmerican Journal of Agricultural and Biological Sciences. Introduction. Materials and Methods. Fungal Isolate. Original Research Paper
American Journal of Agricultural and Biological Sciences Original Research Paper Control of Subterranean Termite Coptotermes Curvignathus (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) by Entomopathogen Metarhizium Anisopliae
More informationJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOCIATION VOL. 2, No.3
t'ts 350 JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOCIATION VOL. 2, No.3 FACTORS AFFECTING STORAGE OF MYCELIAL CULTURES OF THE MOSQUITO FUNGAL PATHOGEN LAGENIDIUM GIGANTEUM (OOMYCETES: LAGENIDIALES)!
More informationA study on a trap for autodissemination of the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana by red palm weevil adults in date palm plantations
Journal of Basic & Applied Mycology 1 (1): 61-65 61 1 by The Society of Basic & Applied Mycology A study on a trap for autodissemination of the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana by red palm weevil
More informationStudies on biodiversity of entomopathogenic fungi isolated from all the agro-climatic zones of Karnataka
Studies on biodiversity of entomopathogenic fungi isolated from all the agro-climatic zones of Karnataka S. Shubha, G.B. Santoshgowda, A. Anantha Rama Department of Agricultural Microbiology, University
More informationThermo-Therapy and Use of Biofungicides and Fungicides for Management of Internal Discoloration of Horseradish Roots
Thermo-Therapy and Use of Biofungicides and Fungicides for Management of Internal Discoloration of Horseradish Roots - 2006 1 M. Babadoost, 1 A. Eranthodi, 1 A. Jurgens, 1 K. Hippard, and 2 E. Wahle 1
More informationMolecular Biology and Etiology of FOV in Cotton
Molecular Biology and Etiology of FOV in Cotton Jinggao Liu Alois A. Bell Jaemin Cho Robert D. Stipanovic Lorraine Puckhaber Jose Quintana Southern Plains Agricultural Research Center Agricultural Research
More informationIncidence of mycopathogens infecting oat birdcherry aphid, Rhopalosiphum padi L. (Homoptera: Aphididae) infesting wheat plants at Assiut
Incidence of mycopathogens infecting oat birdcherry aphid, Rhopalosiphum padi L. (Homoptera: Aphididae) infesting wheat plants at Assiut Prof/ Mohamed A. A. Abdel-Rahman Contents: Introduction Objectives
More informationL. R. BEUCHAT. Department of Food Science, University of Georgia Agricultural Experiment Station, Experiment, Georgia 30212
512 Journal of Food Protection, Vol. 47, No. 7, Pages 512-519 (July 1984) Copyright*', International Association of Milk, Food, and Environmental Sanitarians Comparison of Aspergillus Differential Medium
More informationA novel method for the management of mealybug in Cotton.
A novel method for the management of mealybug in Cotton. Gulsar Banu J Principal Scientist, Central Institute for Cotton Research, Regional Station, Coimbatore-641 003. Tamil Nadu Introduction Due to large
More informationAN ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION OF. effects, but may not be good predictors of field effects. A case study was
AN ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION OF Rosalind R. James for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Entomology presented on September 27, 1995. Title: Assessing the Impact of Microbial Pesticides on Nontarget
More informationPhysiological studies of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum causing stem rot of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.)
International J. Seed Spices 2(2), July 2012:46-53 International Journal of Seed Spices, July 2012 Physiological studies of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum causing stem rot of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.)
More informationThe Influence of Entomophtorales Isolates on Aphids Aphis fabae and Metopeurum fuscoviride
The Influence of Entomophtorales Isolates on Aphids Aphis fabae & Metopeurum fuscoviride 55 The Influence of Entomophtorales Isolates on Aphids Aphis fabae and Metopeurum fuscoviride JULIJA HALIMONA, LIGA
More informationSeed Pathogens and Seed Treatments
Seed Pathogens and Seed Treatments Will Littke 1 Littke, W 1996. Seed Pathogens and Seed Treatments. In: Landis, TD.; South, D.B, tech. coords. National Proceedings, Forest and Conservation Nursery Associations.
More informationBiopesticides for the control of storage insect pests
Biopesticides for the control of storage insect pests M.E. Wakefield 1, D. Moore 2, B. Luke 2, B. Taylor 2, D.A. Collins 1, C. Storm 3, P. Grammare 4, O. Potin 4 and R. Young 5 1 The Food and Environment
More informationAgriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 15 (1986) Elsevier Science Publishers B.V., Amsterdam -- Printed in The Netherlands
Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 15 (1986) 141--147 141 Elsevier Science Publishers B.V., Amsterdam -- Printed in The Netherlands BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF THE RHINOCEROS BEETLE (OR YCTES RHINOCEROS)
More informationCellulose bait improves the effectiveness of Metarhizium anisopliae as a microbial control of termites (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae)
Biological Control 30 (2004) 523 529 www.elsevier.com/locate/ybcon Cellulose bait improves the effectiveness of Metarhizium anisopliae as a microbial control of termites (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) Changlu
More informationForest Pest Management SD14 M CI Report 87-12
Forest Pest Management SD14 M CI Report 87-12 A-3 27._ 3450 December 1987 MI)RTALITY OF BAREROOT COLORADO BLUE SPRUCE SEEDLINGS MONTANA STATE NURSERY, MISSOULA by R. L. James, Plant Pathologist INTRODUCTION
More informationHands-on identification of vegetable diseases: Roses
Hands-on identification of vegetable diseases: Roses Theme: How to diagnose a specific disease from diseases or disorders with similar symptoms. Mathews Paret, Susannah Da Silva, Binoy Babu, Fanny Iriarte,
More informationASSESSING THE IMPACT OF NATURAL PATHOGENS ON SUGARBEET ROOT MAGGOT THROUGH SURVEYS
ASSESSING THE IMPACT OF NATURAL PATHOGENS ON SUGARBEET ROOT MAGGOT THROUGH SURVEYS Ayanava Majumdar, Post-doctoral Associate Mark A. Boetel, Associate Professor Robert J. Dregseth, Research Specialist
More informationPome Fruit Diseases IOBC/wprs Bull. 29(1), 2006 pp
Pome Fruit Diseases IOBC/wprs Bull. 29(1), 2006 pp. 123-127 Screening of organically based fungicides for apple scab (Venturia inaequalis) control and a histopathological study of the mode of action of
More informationINSECTICIDE RESISTANCE MONITORING IN LEPIDOPTERAN COTTON PESTS
INSECTICIDE RESISTANCE MONITORING IN LEPIDOPTERAN COTTON PESTS Russell J. Ottens, John R. Ruberson, Robert E. Harbin, and Phillip M. Roberts Dept. of Entomology, University of Georgia, Tifton, GA Introduction
More informationBiological control of Fusarium solani f. sp. phaseoli the causal agent of root rot of bean using Bacillus subtilis CA32 and Trichoderma harzianum RU01
RUHUNA JOURNAL OF SCIENCE Vol. 2, September 2007, pp. 82-88 http://www.ruh.ac.lk/rjs/rjs.html ISSN 1800-279X 2007 Faculty of Science University of Ruhuna Biological control of Fusarium solani f. sp. phaseoli
More informationEvaluation of Type of Growth Media on Biologi al Attributes and Virulence of Verticillium lecanii (Zimmermann) Viegas against Mealy Bug
International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 6 Number 7 (2017) pp. 2222-2229 Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com Original Research Article https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2017.607.322
More informationreport on PLANT DISEASE FUNGAL LEAF SPOTS OF BLACK WALNUT
report on PLANT DISEASE RPD No. 600 1987 DEPARTMENT OF CROP SCIENCES UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN FUNGAL LEAF SPOTS OF BLACK WALNUT Several important fungal leaf spot diseases of black walnut
More informationProgress in the development of a biopesticide for the structural treatment of grain stores
Progress in the development of a biopesticide for the structural treatment of grain stores Wakefield, M.E. 1 *#, Moore, D. 2, Luke, B. 2, Taylor, B. 2, Storm, C.G. 3, Collins, D.A. 1, Grammare, P. 4, Potin,
More informationP.J. Cotty, Page NO.1 of 8.
P.J. Cotty, Page NO.1 of 8. POSITION AND AFLATOXIN LEVELS OF TOXIN POSITIVE BOLLS ON COTTON PLANTS. P.J. Cotty and L.S. Lee Research Plant Pathologist and Research Chemist USDA, ARS, Southern Regional
More informationMortality and Development Effects of Transgenic Cotton on Pink Bollworm Larvae
Mortality and Development Effects of Transgenic Cotton on Pink Bollworm Larvae T. J. Henneberry, L. Forlow Jech, and T. de la Torre USDA-ARS, PWA, Western Cotton Research Laboratory, Phoenix, AZ 85040-8803
More informationASSOCIATION BETWEEN NUTRIENTS AND RUST IN SUGARCANE IN KWAZULU-NATAL
ASSOCIATION BETWEEN NUTRIENTS AND RUST IN SUGARCANE IN KWAZULU-NATAL P CADET,, SA McFARLANE and JH MEYER Institute of Research for Development South African Sugar Association Experiment Station, P/Bag
More informationChapter 1. Introduction to Insect Pathology:
Chapter 1. Introduction to Insect Pathology: history, definition, and types of associations between insects and microorganisms 1. Why we study insect pathology? - basic discipline in biology - ecological
More information16 th Australian Research Assembly on Brassicas. Ballarat Victoria 2009
A Leptosphaeria biglobosa 'canadensis' isolate induced resistance in Brassica and Brassica against Leptosphaeria (Desm.) Ces. et de Not. V. Thomas 1,5, R. M Norton 2, S.J Marcroft 2 and P.A Salisbury 3,
More informationEfficacy of some entomopathogenic fungi against Aphis fabae Scopoli (Hemiptera: Aphididae)
Saruhan Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control (2018) 28:89 https://doi.org/10.1186/s41938-018-0096-2 Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control RESEARCH Efficacy of some entomopathogenic fungi against
More informationFusarium root rot of soybean occurrence, impact, and relationship with soybean cyst nematode
Proceedings of the Integrated Crop Management Conference Proceedings of the 22nd Annual Integrated Crop Management Conference Dec 1st, 12:00 AM Fusarium root rot of soybean occurrence, impact, and relationship
More informationAbstract. Introduction
Pathogenicity and fusaric acid production by Fusarium proliferatum isolated from garlic in Spain D. PALMERO (1), M. DE CARA (2), W. NOSIR (3), C. IGLESIAS (1), M. GARCÍA (1), S. WOODWARD (3), J.C. TELLO
More informationEFFICACY OF ENTOMOPATHOGENIC FUNGUS BEAUVERIA BASSIANA ISOLATES AGAINST THE TWO-SPOTTED SPIDER MITE, TETRANYCHUS URTICAE KOCH (ACARI: TETRANYCHIDAE)
- 7903 - EFFICACY OF ENTOMOPATHOGENIC FUNGUS BEAUVERIA BASSIANA ISOLATES AGAINST THE TWO-SPOTTED SPIDER MITE, TETRANYCHUS URTICAE KOCH (ACARI: TETRANYCHIDAE) YANAR, D.* YANAR, Y. BELGÜZAR, S. ESER, İ.
More informationRoger M. Rowell. John A. Youngquist. Yuji Imamura
STRENGTH TESTS ON ACETYLATED ASPEN FLAKEBOARDS EXPOSED TO A BROWN-ROT FUNGUS 1 Roger M. Rowell Research Chemist John A. Youngquist Supervisory Research General Engineer U.S. Department of Agriculture,
More informationSpore Production and Dispersal of Alternaria dauci
Ecology and Epidemiology Spore Production and Dispersal of Alternaria dauci J.. Strandberg Associate Plant Pathologist, University of Florida, Agricultural Research and Education Center, Sanford, FL 32771.
More informationBiological control of Tradescantia fluminensis with pathogens report August 2011
Biological control of Tradescantia fluminensis with pathogens report August 2011 Robert W. Barreto 1 Davi M. Macedo 1 1 Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, 3657-000,
More informationManaging Soybean Cyst Nematode
MANAGEMENT MATTERS SERIES Tips to help North Carolina soybean growers increase yield & profits Managing Soybean Cyst Nematode The Invisible Yield Robber MANAGEMENT MATTERS SERIES > How can you test for
More informationManaging Fusarium Diseases of Vegetables
Managing Fusarium Diseases of Vegetables Len Tesoriero Overview What do we know about the fungus Fusarium? What diseases do Fusarium species cause on vegetables? What conditions favour Fusarium diseases
More informationPlant Pathology Fact Sheet
Plant Pathology Fact Sheet PP-139 Cylindrocladium Black Rot (CBR) of Peanut, Soybean, and Forage Legumes in Florida Tom Kucharek, Professor and Extension Plant Pathologist, Plant Pathology Department,
More informationVolume XII, Number 17 September 18, Silver Scurf and Black Dot Development on Fresh Marketed Russet Norkotah Tubers in Storage
Research & Extension for the Potato Industry of Idaho, Oregon, & Washington Andrew Jensen, Editor. ajensen@potatoes.com; 509-760-4859 www.nwpotatoresearch.com Volume XII, Number 17 September 18, 2012 Silver
More informationThe wheat stem sawfly a nursery tale from the shortgrass prairie
The wheat stem sawfly a nursery tale from the shortgrass prairie Brian L. Beres, J. Robert Byers, and Hector A. Cárcamo Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge Research Centre, P.O. Box 3000, Lethbridge,
More informationPS Factors affecting storage insect susceptibility to the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana
Alternative Methods to Chemical Control PS7-26 6247 Factors affecting storage insect susceptibility to the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana M.E. Wakefield 1 Abstract There is an increasing need
More informationInt.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2016) 5(8):
International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 5 Number 8 (2016) pp. 381-386 Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com Original Research Article http://dx.doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2016.508.040
More informationPathogenicity of the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae to the red-legged tick, Rhipicephalus evertsi evertsi
International Journal of Nematology and Entomology Vol. 1 (6), pp. 130-133, December, 2013. Available online at www.internationalscholarsjournals.org International Scholars Journals Full Length Research
More informationBiopesticide-based products and strategies for control of tree pests. Professor Tariq M. Butt
Biopesticide-based products and strategies for control of tree pests Professor Tariq M. Butt Outline of Presentation Biopesticides Products and strategies for control of: Chestnut weevil and chestnut tortrix
More informationTHE IMPACT OF NITROGEN AND SILICON NUTRITION ON THE RESISTANCE OF SUGARCANE VARIETIES TO ELDANA SACCHARINA (LEPIDOPTERA: PYRALIDAE)
SHORT COMMUNICATION THE IMPACT OF NITROGEN AND SILICON NUTRITION ON THE RESISTANCE OF SUGARCANE VARIETIES TO ELDANA SACCHARINA (LEPIDOPTERA: PYRALIDAE) MEYER J H and KEEPING M G South African Sugarcane
More informationGERMINATION OF WHITE MUSCARDINE FUNGUS, Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. ON DIFFERENT PLANT EXTRACTS
GERMINATION OF WHITE MUSCARDINE FUNGUS, Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. ON DIFFERENT PLANT EXTRACTS * Pio P. Tuan, PhDP Department of Agricultural Sciences, College of Agriculture, Fisheries, and Natural
More informationBiological control of aquatic weeds by Plectosporium alismatis
Biological control of aquatic weeds by Plectosporium alismatis, a potential mycoherbicide in Australian rice crops: comparison of liquid culture media for their ability to produce high yields of desiccation-tolerant
More informationPyricularia grisea causes blight of buffel grass (Cenchrus ciliaris) in Queensland, Australia
Tropical Grasslands (999) Volume??, 00 00 Pyricularia grisea causes blight of buffel grass (Cenchrus ciliaris) in Queensland, Australia ROSS F. PERROTT AND SUKUMAR CHAKRABORTY CSIRO Tropical Agriculture,
More informationSTUDIES ON FUNGAL POPULATION OF CUMIN (NIGELLA SATIVA L.) FROM DIFFERENT PARTS OF MARATHWADA.
STUDIES ON FUNGAL POPULATION OF CUMIN (NIGELLA SATIVA L.) FROM DIFFERENT PARTS OF MARATHWADA. Dr. Sumia Fatima Yogesh C. Khot Dept. of Botany, Dr. Rafiq Zakaria College for Women, Aurangabad Maharastra
More informationProject Title: Assessment of new pest management tools that address priority needs of the BC Cranberry Industry
2014 Progress Report to the BC Cranberry Commission Project Title: Assessment of new pest management tools that address priority needs of the BC Cranberry Industry Principal Investigator: Kim Patten, Washington
More informationBurt Bluhm Department of Plant Pathology University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture
Burt Bluhm Department of Plant Pathology University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture Aspergillus flavus is a fungus that infects corn ears Produces aflatoxin causes cancer, other illnesses in humans
More informationEvaluation of lime sulfur and sulforix for control of Exobasidium and Phomopsis diseases of blueberry and vinifera wine grapes, respectively
Evaluation of lime sulfur and sulforix for control of Exobasidium and Phomopsis diseases of blueberry and vinifera wine grapes, respectively Final report; Research proposal Grant 2014-10 Principal Investigators:
More informationINTRODUCTION OF BIO- FUNGICIDES FOR CONTROLLING POWDERY MILDEW DISEASE OF RAMBUTAN
INTRODUCTION OF BIO- FUNGICIDES FOR CONTROLLING POWDERY MILDEW DISEASE OF RAMBUTAN P. W. Alahakoon, N. H. Jayawardana, K.C. Madushani and R.K.Nilmini Fruit Crop Research and Development Center, Department
More information1. INTRODUCTION. oldest commercial crops, plays a key role in the economic and social affairs of the world
1. INTRODUCTION Cotton (Gossypium spp.) regarded as white gold is one of the important and oldest commercial crops, plays a key role in the economic and social affairs of the world (Shah et al., 2011;
More informationREPORT TO THE AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH FOUNDATION FOR THE OREGON PROCESSED VEGETABLE COMMISSION December 2010 Project Title: Management of Fusarium
REPORT TO THE AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH FOUNDATION FOR THE OREGON PROCESSED VEGETABLE COMMISSION December 21 Project Title: Management of Fusarium diseases of sweet corn in the PNW: microflora influence on
More informationA new race of Diplocarpon rosae capable of causing severe black spot on Rosa rugosa hybrids
I 38 lnventaire des maladies des plantes au Canada 59:2, 1979 A new race of Diplocarpon rosae capable of causing severe black spot on Rosa rugosa hybrids A. T. Bolton and F. J. Svejda In 1977, severe black
More informationMANAGEMENT OF ROOT KNOT NEMATODES AND FUSARIUM WILT OF TOMATO BY PRE-TREATMENT OF SEEDLINGS WITH BIOLOGICAL AND CHEMICAL AGENTS
MANAGEMENT OF ROOT KNOT NEMATODES AND FUSARIUM WILT OF TOMATO BY PRE-TREATMENT OF SEEDLINGS WITH BIOLOGICAL AND CHEMICAL AGENTS Authors Wanja Njoroge, Dr. Muthomi and Prof.Kimenju Department of Plant Science
More informationTOWARDS GREENER PASTURES - PATHOGENS AND PASTURE PESTS. Introduction. Diseases of grass grub and porina
T.C. BOURNER, T.R. GLARE, M. O CALLAGHAN and T.A. JACKSON AgResearch, PO Box 60, Lincoln, New Zealand. 101 TOWARDS GREENER PASTURES - PATHOGENS AND PASTURE PESTS Summary: Two of New Zealand s most important
More informationNOTE. Attraction of Adult Anomala marginata (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) to Anethole" 2
NOTE Attraction of Adult Anomala marginata (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) to Anethole" 2 R. H. Cherry, M, G, Klein 3 and W, S. Leal' Everglades Research and Education Center p, O. Box 8003 Belle Glade, Florida
More informationEFFECT OF NITROGEN AND POTASSIUM NUTRITION ON THE PHYTOPHTHORA LEAF SPOT OF PHILODENDRON
HARKNESS AND REYNOLDS: PHYTOPHTHORA PHILODENDRON 47 EFFECT OF NITROGEN AND POTASSIUM NUTRITION ON THE PHYTOPHTHORA LEAF SPOT OF PHILODENDRON OXYCARDIUM Roy W. Harkness and J. E. Reynolds1 Sub-Tropical
More informationEffect of Environmental Factors on the Growth of Aspergillus Species Associated with Stored Millet Grains in Sokoto.
Available online at http://www.ajol.info/index.php/njbas/index Nigerian Journal of Basic and Applied Science (2011), 19(2):218-223 ISSN 0794-5698 ffect of nvironmental Factors on the Growth of Aspergillus
More informationPLANT PATHOLOGY & NEMATOLOGY
The Journal of Cotton Science 18:430 434 (2014) http://journal.cotton.org, The Cotton Foundation 2014 430 PLANT PATHOLOGY & NEMATOLOGY Evaluation of Fusarium Wilt Resistance in Six Upland Cotton Germplasm
More informationBehaviour of Streptomycetes in Soil
J. gen. Microbiol. (1969), 56, 165-170 With I plate Printed in Great Britain Behaviour of Streptomycetes in Soil By A. B. LLOYD* Department of Plant Pathology, Waite Agricultural Research Institute, University
More informationL.J.C. Autrey and S. Saumtally Sugar Industry Research Institute, Reduit, Mauritius
Pathology CULTURAL CHARACTERSTCS OF MYCOVELLOSELLA KOEPKE (KRUGER) DEGHTON ON VAROUS MEDA AND THER RELATONSHP WTH VARETAL REACTON ON CANE LEAF AGAR L.J.C. Autrey and S. Saumtally Sugar ndustry Research
More informationStudy of wilt producing Fusarium sp. from tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill)
ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 3 Number 8 (2014) pp. 854-858 http://www.ijcmas.com Original Research Article Study of wilt producing Fusarium sp. from tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill) Patel Harikrushana 1,
More informationWhat do we (need to) know about low-susceptibility of codling moth against Cydia pomonella granulovirus (CpGV)!
What do we (need to) know about low-susceptibility of codling moth against Cydia pomonella granulovirus (CpGV)! Was wir über die Minderempfindlichkeit des Apfelwicklers gegenüber dem Cydia pomonella Granulovirus
More informationBIO-EFFICACY OF PROMISING BOTANICALS AGAINST INSECT INFESTING COWPEA. CV. CO 4
Indian J. Agric. Res., 40 (4) : 262-266, 2006 BIO-EFFICACY OF PROMISING BOTANICALS AGAINST INSECT INFESTING COWPEA. CV. CO 4 J. Renugadevi, N. Natarajan, R. Rajasekaran and P. Srimathi Department of Seed
More informationStudy of biology and epidemiology of Uncinula necator caused powdery mildew disease
Technical Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences Available online at www.tjeas.com 01 TJEAS Journal013/661 ISSN 01083 01 TJEAS Study of biology and epidemiology of Uncinula necator caused powdery
More informationControl of Occasional Insect Pests in Organic Blueberries. Oscar E. Liburd. Entomology and Nematology Department University of Florida
Control of Occasional Insect Pests in Organic Blueberries Oscar E. Liburd Entomology and Nematology Department University of Florida Blueberry insect pests Blueberry maggot Blueberry gall midge Blueberry
More informationGuidelines for the Identification of Races of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melonis using Differential Melon Lines. (Version 3.0, revision: February 2016)
Guidelines for the Identification of Races of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melonis using Differential Melon Lines (Version 3.0, revision: February 2016) Authors: Craig Sandlin and Kimberly M. Webb Revision:
More informationUsing Botanical Fumigants to Control Sciarid Flies. Richard Massy
Using Botanical Fumigants to Control Sciarid Flies Richard Massy Background Experiment to investigate semiochemicals for sciarid larvae inadvertently identified potential fumigants -100% mortality from
More informationPotential Wheat Disease Issues on Seed, Seedlings, Leaves, and Heads for Wheat in the Central Texas Blacklands and Beyond for the Season
http://sickcrops.tamu.edu October 8, 2012 Potential Wheat Disease Issues on Seed, Seedlings, Leaves, and Heads for Wheat in the Central Texas Blacklands and Beyond for the 2012-2013 Season Ronald D. French,
More informationSTEM-END ROTS: THE INFECTION PORTAL
STEM-END ROTS: THE INFECTION PORTAL W.F.T. HARTILL 1, K.R. EVERETT 1 and H.A. PAK 2. 1) The Horticulture and Food Research Institute of New Zealand Ltd Private Bag 92 169, Mt Albert, Auckland 2) Avocado
More information(Received Dec. 16, 2003; accepted Apr. 26, 2004 )
ENTOMOLOGIA SINICA Vol.11, No.2, June 2004, pp89-97 a9 PATHOGENICITY OF METARHIZIUM ANISOPLIAE VAR. ACRIDU TO THE DEVEOLPMENTAL STAGES OF BROWN PLANTHOPPER NILAPARVATA L UGENS STAL AND SO GA TEL LA FUR
More informationFusarium wilt in Phoenix
Fusarium wilt in Phoenix Michael Matheron Yuma Agricultural Center matheron@ag.arizona.edu What causes Fusarium wilt of Phoenix species? What causes Fusarium wilt of Phoenix species? Fusarium oxysporum
More information7-002a: Blotter method for the detection of Alternaria radicina on Daucus carota (carrot)
International Rules for Seed Testing Annexe to Chapter 7: Seed Health Testing Methods 7-002a: Blotter method for the detection of Alternaria radicina on Daucus carota (carrot) Published by: International
More informationPROJECT PROPOSAL SUGARBEET RESEARCH AND EDUCATION BOARD OF MINNESOTA AND NORTH DAKOTA FY
1 PROJECT PROPOSAL SUGARBEET RESEARCH AND EDUCATION BOARD OF MINNESOTA AND NORTH DAKOTA FY 2018 2019 Project Title: SCREENING OF SUGAR BEET GERMPLASM FOR RESISTANCE TO FUSARIUM YELLOWING DECLINE Project
More informationInfection process of entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana in the Tetrancyhus kanzawai (Kishida) (Tetranychidae: Acarina)
Article Infection process of entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana in the Tetrancyhus kanzawai (Kishida) (Tetranychidae: Acarina) Yayan Sanjaya 1, Virginia R. Ocampo 2, Barbara L. Caoili 2 1 Biology
More informationIsolation and Solid Substrate Mass Production of Paecilomces fumosoroseus with the Help of Basal Salt Solution and Yeast Extract
ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 5 Number 1(2016) pp. 445-451 Journal homepage: http://www. ijcmas. com Original Research Article http://dx.doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2016.501.045 Isolation and Solid Substrate Mass
More informationJob s tears (Coix lacryma-jobi) as host of Fiji disease virus and Perkinsiella vitiensis.
Job s tears (Coix lacryma-jobi) as host of Fiji disease virus and Perkinsiella vitiensis N. S. Prasad *, B. Croft, S. Johnson and S. Work * Sugar Research Institute of Fiji, Drasa, Lautoka, Republic of
More informationLESSON 2.4 WORKBOOK. How can we prove infection causes disease?
DEFINITIONS OF TERMS Correlation a connection between two factors. Causation when a change in one factor results in a change in another. Vector an organism that transmits a pathogen from reservoir to host.
More informationEconomical Biomass production of aerial conidia of Metarhizium anisopliae MCC0051 using Agri residues as Solid substrate and its Bioefficacy
IOSR Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science (IOSR-JAVS) e-issn: 2319-2380, p-issn: 2319-2372. Volume 10, Issue 10 Ver. I (October 2017), PP 42-46 www.iosrjournals.org Economical Biomass production
More informationInvestigation into the etiology of decline of Raywood ash in Northern California
Investigation into the etiology of decline of Raywood ash in Northern California Principal Investigator: Thomas R. Gordon Department of Plant Pathology, UC Davis, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616 Report
More informationEarly Stages of Infection of Lily Leaves by Botrytis elliptica and B. cinerea
Plant Pathology Bulletin 12:103-108, 2003 Early Stages of Infection of Lily Leaves by Botrytis elliptica and B. cinerea Ping-Fu Hou 1 and Chao-Ying Chen 1,2 1 Department of Plant Pathology, National Taiwan
More informationSOIL PH IN RELATION TO BROWN STEM ROT AND SOYBEAN CYST NEMATODE N.C. Kurtzweil 1, C.R. Grau 2, A.E. MacGuidwin 3, J.M. Gaska 4, and A.W.
SOIL PH IN RELATION TO BROWN STEM ROT AND SOYBEAN CYST NEMATODE N.C. Kurtzweil 1, C.R. Grau 2, A.E. MacGuidwin 3, J.M. Gaska 4, and A.W. Kazubowski 5 The soybean cyst nematode (SCN; Heterodera glycines)
More informationProduction Processes for Anamorphic Fungi
Production Processes for Anamorphic Fungi These notes 1 describe a simple two stage fermentation process for Metarhizium spp Trichoderma spp. and similar anamorphic fungi, based on experience gained in
More informationFusarium Diseases of Tomato. Hung Doan, Gene Miyao and Mike Davi Department of Plant Pathology University of California, Davis
Fusarium Diseases of Tomato Hung Doan, Gene Miyao and Mike Davi Department of Plant Pathology University of California, Davis hkdoan@ucdavis.edu Microconidia Macroconidia Chlamydospores Fusarium oxysporum
More information7-001a: Blotter method for the detection of Alternaria dauci on Daucus carota (carrot)
International Rules for Seed Testing Annexe to Chapter 7: Seed Health Testing Methods 7-001a: Blotter method for the detection of Alternaria dauci on Daucus carota (carrot) Published by: International
More informationM. INAM-UL-HAQ *, S.R. GOWEN, N. JAVED, 1 F. SHAHINA, 2 M. IZHAR-UL- HAQ, N. HUMAYOON AND B. PEMBROKE
Pak. J. Bot., 39(1): 279-283, 2007. ANTAGONISTIC POTENTIAL OF BACTERIAL ISOLATES ASSOCIATED WITH ENTOMOPATHOGENIC NEMATODES AGAINST TOMATO WILT CAUSED BY FUSARIUM OXYSPORUM F.SP., LYCOPERSICI UNDER GREENHOUSE
More informationPhosphorous acid for controlling Phytophthora taxon Agathis in Kauri
Phosphorous acid for controlling Phytophthora taxon Agathis in Kauri Horner IJ, Hough EG February 2011 A progress report prepared for: MAF Biosecurity Horner IJ, Hough EG Plant & Food Research, Havelock
More informationPayam Nour University. From the SelectedWorks of Adel Khashaveh. Adel Khashaveh. January, 2011
Payam Nour University From the SelectedWorks of Adel Khashaveh January, 2011 Pathogenicity of Iranian isolates of Metarhizium anisopliae (Metschinkoff) (Ascomycota: Hypocreales) against Trogoderma granarium
More information