Intravital Microscopic Interrogation of Peripheral Taste Sensation

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Intravital Microscopic Interrogation of Peripheral Taste Sensation"

Transcription

1 Supplementary Information Intravital Microscopic Interrogation of Peripheral Taste Sensation Myunghwan Choi 1, Woei Ming Lee 1,2, and Seok-Hyun Yun 1 * 1 Harvard Medical School and Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 65 Landsdowne, UP-5, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA 2 Australian National University, Ian Ross Building, North Road, Canberra ACT 0200, Australia * Corresponding Author: S. H. Andy Yun, Ph.D. Associate Professor Harvard University 65 Landsdowne St. UP-525, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA Tel: syun@mgh.harvard.edu Supplementary Figures S1 S10 pp Supplementary Videos S1 S2 p. 12 1

2 a suction 1. Externalize b 2. Sandwich 3. Immersion Vacuum pump c glue 1. Externalize d 2. Sandwich 3. Immersion Electrical heater Figure S1. Procedures for Mounting the Tongue on the Holder. (A) The tongue of an anesthetized mouse is pulled out by using a suction grabber (1.5 mm in diameter), placed onto a metal plate, covered with a top plate with a central hole, and then immersed with artificial saliva (blue). (B) Photograph before placing the top plate. (C) Alternative procedures based on gluing the ventral surface of the tongue to the bottom metal plate. The rest of the steps are equivalent. (D) Photograph of a mouse after the tongue is attached to the plate. 2

3 a b c i 0 mmhg 25 mmhg 150 mmhg iii ii iv v i ii iii iv v Figure S2. Histological Analysis of Tissue Injury. (A-C) In several anesthetized animals, different magnitudes of suction pressure (A) 0 mmhg, (B) 25 mmhg, or (C) 150 mmhg were applied to the tip of the tongue for 30 min. The tongue was excised, fixed, frozen sectioned, and stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E). Bright-field images were acquired with a 4X objective lens. Images in the bottom row are magnified views in the tip of the tongue (dashed rectangle). Arrows indicate tissue deformation by contact to a suction holder. No tissue damages were observed for the modest pressure level of 25 mmhg as in the case of 0 mmhg. Significant tissue damages occurred at the high pressure of 150 mmhg, as expected. 3

4 a 60 mm c washer 30 mm 2 mm 3 mm Top 4 mm 3 mm 24 mm 35 mm d nut 0.5 mm thickness Side 4 mm 45 º 0.5 mm 3 mm washer b 60 mm 30 mm 3 mm Top 4 mm optical post 3 mm 24 mm 35 mm Side 0.5 mm thickness Figure S3. Design of the Tongue Holder. (A) Drawing of the top metal plate with a central hole. (B) Drawing of the bottom plate. (C) A washer was glued to the top plate around the hole to form a round wall to contain immersion solution. (D) Assembly of the metal pieces. 4

5 b 1.5 λex = 800 nm c 1.5 λex = λex = 800 nm 860 nm Normalized intensity Autofluorescence Normalized intensity SHG Wavelength (nm) Wavelength (nm) Figure S4. Characterization of Two-Photon Induced Luminescence from the Dorsal Surface of the Tongue. (A) Optical setup. Photoluminescence from a two-photon microscope was coupled to a twostage grating spectrometer via a multi-mode optical fiber. DM, dichroic mirror. (B) The spectrum of two-photon autofluorescence from the keratinized epithelium of the filiform papillae. (C) Second harmonic generation (SHG) signal from the collagen-rich connective tissue under and around a taste bud. The SHG wavelength was exactly the half of the excitation laser wavelength. 5

6 a calcium green-1 dextran (CGD) Tweezer-type electrode + Function generator b Voltage (V) Time (sec) c Green fluorescence (a.u.) Amplitude Frequency Pulse width Duration 5 Vpp 2 Hz 100 ms 10 s Before After Taste bud After Filliform papillae Figure S5. Electrophoretic Bulk Loading of a Calcium Indicator Dye into Taste Receptor Cells. (A) Schematic of the setup. A paper tissue soaked with calcium green-1 dextran (CGD) was placed on the dorsal surface of the tongue. electrical pulses were applied across the tongue by a pair of tweezer-type electrodes. (B) The electrical pulse train used for electroporation. (C) The magnitude of baseline green fluorescence ( nm) from taste buds before (control) and after (treated) the electrophoresis treatment. Fluorescence in filiform papillae (treated) is substantially weaker, indicating that the calcium dye went into primarily the receptor cells, presumably through the taste pore, but much less to other epithelial cells. 6

7 z = 0-40 µm Imaging depth z = µm z = µm z = µm z = µm z = µm 100 µm Figure S6. Depth-Resolved Images of the Mucosa. Each image represents an average of 20 z-stack images taken with 2 µm interval over the depth range indicated. Yellow-green fluorescence is due to autofluorescence primarily from keratin; blue color is the second harmonic signal from collagen fibers; and red fluorescence was generated from intravascular rhodamine dextran. 7

8 a Baseline b 1st NaCl administration Saliva 2nd NaCl administration 8 SHG CGD F/F (%) 0 Figure S7. Intraoral Taste Sensation. (A) Image of a test bud. Green, calcium green-1 dextran (CGD); blue, second harmonic generation (SHG) signal. (B) Calcium indicator response to repeated stimulus with salty tastant, 180 mm NaCl in artificial saliva, applied to the apical side of the tongue. Artificial saliva was used in between the salty stimuli. 8

9 0 Slope = 0.14 db µm -1 Fluorescence (db) Filiform papillae (no vasculature) Epithelium Depth (µm) 250 Figure S8. Depth-Dependent Fluorescence Intensity in the Tongue Mucosa. Red circles, fluorescence intensity of intravascular rhodamine dextran measured as a function of depth; Dotted line, linear fit (R 2 = 0.993) in the depth range of 120 to 240 µm. 9

10 a b PV PV Cell 1 Cell 2 Cell 3 Cell 4 20 µm Cell 5 Cell 6 Cell 7 Cell 8 Cell 9 10 s 5% Figure S9. Intravascular Taste Sensation. (A) Image of a taste bud. Green, fluorescence from calcium-green dextran in receptor cells; Blue, SHG from collagen fibers; Red, red fluorescence from pericellular blood vessel (PV). (B) Top, fluorescence indicating the arrival of tastant (Na-saccharine) in the PV. Below, Calcium traces of the receptor cells in (A). Cells 3, 6, and 7 were activated, responding to intravenous Na-saccharine. 10

11 Tongue imaging Electrophysiology Brain imaging Figure S10. A Scheme for Comprehensive Study on Taste Transduction Pathway. A possible configuration for imaging of the tongue and brain, as well as nerve electrophysiology for the systems study of taste transduction pathways is illustrated. 11

12 Supplementary Video S1. Three-dimensional Microanatomy of a Taste Bud In Vivo This video shows 3D rendered view of a taste bud in the anterior tongue of a live mouse. Z- stacked images were acquired using a two-photon microscopy with 2-µm axial spacing and rendered with an open software ZEN (Zeiss). Supplementary Video S2. Microvascular Perfusion in a Taste Bud This video shows blood flow around a fungiform papilla in a live mouse taken with a video-rate two-photon microscopy at a frame rate of 30 Hz. The blood plasma is stained with Rhodaminedextran (red). TB, taste bud. 12

CD4 and CD8 T cells show a similar accumulation in the tumor stroma.

CD4 and CD8 T cells show a similar accumulation in the tumor stroma. Fig S1 CD4 Fibronectin EpCM CD8 CD4 and CD8 T cells show a similar accumulation in the tumor stroma. Fluorescently-labeled CD4 (CMFD, green) and CD8 (Hoechst, yellow) T cells were added to a human lung

More information

bio-mof-1 DMASM Wavenumber (cm -1 ) Supplementary Figure S1 FTIR spectra of bio-mof-1, DMASMI, and bio-mof-1 DMASM.

bio-mof-1 DMASM Wavenumber (cm -1 ) Supplementary Figure S1 FTIR spectra of bio-mof-1, DMASMI, and bio-mof-1 DMASM. bio-mof-1 Transmittance bio-mof-1 DMASM DMASMI 2000 1500 1000 500 Wavenumber (cm -1 ) Supplementary Figure S1 FTIR spectra of bio-mof-1, DMASMI, and bio-mof-1 DMASM. Intensity (a.u.) bio-mof-1 DMASM as

More information

Supplementary information - Table (1), Figures (12), and Videos (5)

Supplementary information - Table (1), Figures (12), and Videos (5) Supplementary information - Table (1), Figures (12), and Videos (5) A soft, transparent, freely accessible cranial window for chronic imaging and electrophysiology Chaejeong Heo 1, Hyejin Park 1, 2, Yong-Tae

More information

Supplemental Information. A Visual-Cue-Dependent Memory Circuit. for Place Navigation

Supplemental Information. A Visual-Cue-Dependent Memory Circuit. for Place Navigation Neuron, Volume 99 Supplemental Information A Visual-Cue-Dependent Memory Circuit for Place Navigation Han Qin, Ling Fu, Bo Hu, Xiang Liao, Jian Lu, Wenjing He, Shanshan Liang, Kuan Zhang, Ruijie Li, Jiwei

More information

Supplementary Figure 1. ACE robotic platform. A. Overview of the rig setup showing major hardware components of ACE (Automatic single Cell

Supplementary Figure 1. ACE robotic platform. A. Overview of the rig setup showing major hardware components of ACE (Automatic single Cell 2 Supplementary Figure 1. ACE robotic platform. A. Overview of the rig setup showing major hardware components of ACE (Automatic single Cell Experimenter) including the MultiClamp 700B, Digidata 1440A,

More information

Nature Neuroscience: doi: /nn Supplementary Figure 1. Trial structure for go/no-go behavior

Nature Neuroscience: doi: /nn Supplementary Figure 1. Trial structure for go/no-go behavior Supplementary Figure 1 Trial structure for go/no-go behavior a, Overall timeline of experiments. Day 1: A1 mapping, injection of AAV1-SYN-GCAMP6s, cranial window and headpost implantation. Water restriction

More information

Supplementary Movie Caption

Supplementary Movie Caption Supplementary Movie Caption 1. Movie S1. Ultrasound-induced blood focusing in vitro (Fig.2b). 2. Movie S2. Acoustic canalization of blood flow in the gap between two capillaries (Fig. 2d). 3. Movie S3.

More information

Supporting Online Material for

Supporting Online Material for www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/312/5779/1533/dc1 Supporting Online Material for Long-Term Potentiation of Neuron-Glia Synapses Mediated by Ca 2+ - Permeable AMPA Receptors Woo-Ping Ge, Xiu-Juan Yang,

More information

Supplementary Figure 1. EL spectral characteristics. (a)

Supplementary Figure 1. EL spectral characteristics. (a) Supplementary Figure 1. EL spectral characteristics. (a) Angular dependence of normalized light intensity at 540 nm according to ZnO layers; Lambertian emission pattern (black square), ZnO-F (red circle),

More information

Dorsum of the tongue. Oral Part exhibit lingual papillae of the 4 types. Oral Part of Tongue divided into Left & right halves by shallow median groove

Dorsum of the tongue. Oral Part exhibit lingual papillae of the 4 types. Oral Part of Tongue divided into Left & right halves by shallow median groove Histology of TONGUE Figure 22.13 Dorsum of the tongue Oral Part of Tongue divided into Left & right halves by shallow median groove Oral Part exhibit lingual papillae of the 4 types a. filiform papillae,

More information

Nature Neuroscience: doi: /nn Supplementary Figure 1

Nature Neuroscience: doi: /nn Supplementary Figure 1 Supplementary Figure 1 Relative expression of K IR2.1 transcript to enos was reduced 29-fold in capillaries from knockout animals. Relative expression of K IR2.1 transcript to enos was reduced 29-fold

More information

Nature Neuroscience: doi: /nn Supplementary Figure 1

Nature Neuroscience: doi: /nn Supplementary Figure 1 Supplementary Figure 1 Drd1a-Cre driven ChR2 expression in the SCN. (a) Low-magnification image of a representative Drd1a-ChR2 coronal brain section (n = 2) showing endogenous tdtomato fluorescence (magenta).

More information

Supplementary Figure 1

Supplementary Figure 1 Supplementary Figure 1 Localization of virus injections. (a) Schematic showing the approximate center of AAV-DIO-ChR2-YFP injection sites in the NAc of Dyn-cre mice (n=8 mice, 16 injections; caudate/putamen,

More information

Terahertz reflectometry imaging for low and high grade gliomas

Terahertz reflectometry imaging for low and high grade gliomas Terahertz reflectometry imaging for low and high grade gliomas Young Bin Ji 1,9, Seung Jae Oh 1,9, Seok-Gu Kang 2,9, Jung Heo 3,9, Sang-Hoon Kim 1,4, Yuna Choi 1, Seungri Song 3, Hye Young Son 5, Se Hoon

More information

Special Senses. Mechanoreception Electroreception Chemoreception Others

Special Senses. Mechanoreception Electroreception Chemoreception Others Special Senses Mechanoreception Electroreception Chemoreception Others Recall our receptor types Chemically regulated: Respond to particular chemicals Voltage regulated: respond to changing membrane potential

More information

HUMAN ANATOMY II STUDY NOTES. At the end of this chapter the student should be able to answer the following questions:

HUMAN ANATOMY II STUDY NOTES. At the end of this chapter the student should be able to answer the following questions: HUMAN ANATOMY II STUDY NOTES CHAPTER ONE The Special Senses Learning objectives At the end of this chapter the student should be able to answer the following questions: 1. What is the gross and histological

More information

Ahtiainen et al., http :// /cgi /content /full /jcb /DC1

Ahtiainen et al., http ://  /cgi /content /full /jcb /DC1 Supplemental material JCB Ahtiainen et al., http ://www.jcb.org /cgi /content /full /jcb.201512074 /DC1 THE JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY Figure S1. Distinct distribution of different cell cycle phases in the

More information

Nature Neuroscience: doi: /nn Supplementary Figure 1. Large-scale calcium imaging in vivo.

Nature Neuroscience: doi: /nn Supplementary Figure 1. Large-scale calcium imaging in vivo. Supplementary Figure 1 Large-scale calcium imaging in vivo. (a) Schematic illustration of the in vivo camera imaging set-up for large-scale calcium imaging. (b) High-magnification two-photon image from

More information

Supplementary Materials for

Supplementary Materials for www.sciencetranslationalmedicine.org/cgi/content/full/4/117/117ra8/dc1 Supplementary Materials for Notch4 Normalization Reduces Blood Vessel Size in Arteriovenous Malformations Patrick A. Murphy, Tyson

More information

Photoacoustic imaging of voltage responses beyond the optical diffusion limit. *Corresponding author

Photoacoustic imaging of voltage responses beyond the optical diffusion limit. *Corresponding author Photoacoustic imaging of voltage responses beyond the optical diffusion limit Authors: Bin Rao +, Ruiying Zhang +, Lei Li, Jin-Yu Shao, Lihong V. Wang* + These authors contributed equally to this work

More information

SDS-Assisted Protein Transport Through Solid-State Nanopores

SDS-Assisted Protein Transport Through Solid-State Nanopores Supplementary Information for: SDS-Assisted Protein Transport Through Solid-State Nanopores Laura Restrepo-Pérez 1, Shalini John 2, Aleksei Aksimentiev 2 *, Chirlmin Joo 1 *, Cees Dekker 1 * 1 Department

More information

Sensory Physiology. Sensory Range Varies. Introduction to the Special Senses. How do we sense the world around us?

Sensory Physiology. Sensory Range Varies. Introduction to the Special Senses. How do we sense the world around us? Sensory Physiology How do we sense the world around us? We do not see things as they are; we see things as we are. --Anais Nin Anais Nin, French author 1903-1977 Sensory Range Varies Introduction to the

More information

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION. Supplementary Figure 1

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION. Supplementary Figure 1 SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION Supplementary Figure 1 The supralinear events evoked in CA3 pyramidal cells fulfill the criteria for NMDA spikes, exhibiting a threshold, sensitivity to NMDAR blockade, and all-or-none

More information

Macrophages form functional vascular mimicry channels in vivo. SI Figures and Legend

Macrophages form functional vascular mimicry channels in vivo. SI Figures and Legend Macrophages form functional vascular mimicry channels in vivo Authors: *Faith H. Barnett, *Mauricio Rosenfeld, Malcolm Wood, William Kiosses, Yoshihiko Usui, Valentina Marchetti, Edith Aguilar, and Martin

More information

Unique functional properties of somatostatin-expressing GABAergic neurons in mouse barrel cortex

Unique functional properties of somatostatin-expressing GABAergic neurons in mouse barrel cortex Supplementary Information Unique functional properties of somatostatin-expressing GABAergic neurons in mouse barrel cortex Luc Gentet, Yves Kremer, Hiroki Taniguchi, Josh Huang, Jochen Staiger and Carl

More information

Definition Slides. Sensation. Perception. Bottom-up processing. Selective attention. Top-down processing 11/3/2013

Definition Slides. Sensation. Perception. Bottom-up processing. Selective attention. Top-down processing 11/3/2013 Definition Slides Sensation = the process by which our sensory receptors and nervous system receive and represent stimulus energies from our environment. Perception = the process of organizing and interpreting

More information

Nature Neuroscience: doi: /nn Supplementary Figure 1

Nature Neuroscience: doi: /nn Supplementary Figure 1 Supplementary Figure 1 Reward rate affects the decision to begin work. (a) Latency distributions are bimodal, and depend on reward rate. Very short latencies (early peak) preferentially occur when a greater

More information

= add definition here. Definition Slide

= add definition here. Definition Slide = add definition here Definition Slide Definition Slides Sensation = the process by which our sensory receptors and nervous system receive and represent stimulus energies from our environment. Perception

More information

Supplemental Information. 3D-CLEM Reveals that a Major Portion. of Mitotic Chromosomes Is Not Chromatin

Supplemental Information. 3D-CLEM Reveals that a Major Portion. of Mitotic Chromosomes Is Not Chromatin Molecular Cell, Volume 64 Supplemental Information 3D-CLEM Reveals that a Major Portion of Mitotic Chromosomes Is Not Chromatin Daniel G. Booth, Alison J. Beckett, Oscar Molina, Itaru Samejima, Hiroshi

More information

Tongue In the buccal cavity of the digestive system

Tongue In the buccal cavity of the digestive system Tongue In the buccal cavity of the digestive system same layers as those of tubular organs Mucosa, submucosa, and muscularis muscularis = the muscularis externa no muscularis mucosa 1 Tongue ling = tongue

More information

Supplementary Figures

Supplementary Figures Supplementary Figures Supplementary Fig. 1. Current density profiles for backside-plating configuration cells and the cycle stability curve with and without carbon coating. Current density profiles of

More information

Supplementary Figure 1. SDS-FRL localization of CB 1 in the distal CA3 area of the rat hippocampus. (a-d) Axon terminals (t) in stratum pyramidale

Supplementary Figure 1. SDS-FRL localization of CB 1 in the distal CA3 area of the rat hippocampus. (a-d) Axon terminals (t) in stratum pyramidale Supplementary Figure 1. SDS-FRL localization of CB 1 in the distal CA3 area of the rat hippocampus. (a-d) Axon terminals (t) in stratum pyramidale (b) show stronger immunolabeling for CB 1 than those in

More information

How we study the brain: a survey of methods used in neuroscience

How we study the brain: a survey of methods used in neuroscience How we study the brain: a survey of methods used in neuroscience Preparing living neurons for recording Large identifiable neurons in a leech Rohon-Beard neurons in a frog spinal cord Living slice of a

More information

Nature Neuroscience: doi: /nn Supplementary Figure 1. Diverse anorexigenic signals induce c-fos expression in CEl PKC-δ + neurons

Nature Neuroscience: doi: /nn Supplementary Figure 1. Diverse anorexigenic signals induce c-fos expression in CEl PKC-δ + neurons Supplementary Figure 1 Diverse anorexigenic signals induce c-fos expression in CEl PKC-δ + neurons a-c. Quantification of CEl c-fos expression in mice intraperitoneal injected with anorexigenic drugs (a),

More information

Sensation and Perception

Sensation and Perception Sensation and Perception Sensation & Perception The interplay between the external world, physiological systems, and psychological experience How the external world makes impressions on our nervous system

More information

Fig. S4. Current-voltage relations of iglurs. A-C: time courses of currents evoked by 100 ms pulses

Fig. S4. Current-voltage relations of iglurs. A-C: time courses of currents evoked by 100 ms pulses Fig. S1. Immunohistochemical detection of iglur2 protein in single islet cells. A: α cells identified using glucagon-specific antibody express the iglur2 subtype of AMPA receptor. 24 out of 26 identified

More information

Nature Methods: doi: /nmeth Supplementary Figure 1. Activity in turtle dorsal cortex is sparse.

Nature Methods: doi: /nmeth Supplementary Figure 1. Activity in turtle dorsal cortex is sparse. Supplementary Figure 1 Activity in turtle dorsal cortex is sparse. a. Probability distribution of firing rates across the population (notice log scale) in our data. The range of firing rates is wide but

More information

Supplementary Figure 1

Supplementary Figure 1 Supplementary Figure 1 The average sigmoid parametric curves of capillary dilation time courses and average time to 50% peak capillary diameter dilation computed from individual capillary responses averaged

More information

Sensation and Perception

Sensation and Perception Sensation and Perception Sensation & Perception The interplay between the external world, physiological systems, and psychological experience How the external world makes impressions on our nervous system

More information

Development of Ultrasound Based Techniques for Measuring Skeletal Muscle Motion

Development of Ultrasound Based Techniques for Measuring Skeletal Muscle Motion Development of Ultrasound Based Techniques for Measuring Skeletal Muscle Motion Jason Silver August 26, 2009 Presentation Outline Introduction Thesis Objectives Mathematical Model and Principles Methods

More information

Hormonal gain control of a medial preoptic area social reward circuit

Hormonal gain control of a medial preoptic area social reward circuit CORRECTION NOTICE Nat. Neurosci. 20, 449 458 (2017) Hormonal gain control of a medial preoptic area social reward circuit Jenna A McHenry, James M Otis, Mark A Rossi, J Elliott Robinson, Oksana Kosyk,

More information

Structural and Optical Properties of Single- and Few-Layer Magnetic

Structural and Optical Properties of Single- and Few-Layer Magnetic SUPPORTING INFORMATION Structural and Optical Properties of Single- and Few-Layer Magnetic Semiconductor CrPS 4 Jinhwan Lee 1, Taeg Yeoung Ko 2, Jung Hwa Kim 3, Hunyoung Bark 4, Byunggil Kang 4, Soon-Gil

More information

An artery-specific fluorescent dye for studying neurovascular coupling

An artery-specific fluorescent dye for studying neurovascular coupling Nature Methods An artery-specific fluorescent dye for studying neurovascular coupling Zhiming Shen, Zhongyang Lu, Pratik Y Chhatbar, Philip O Herron & Prakash Kara Supplementary Figure 1 Delay between

More information

SENSES: VISION. Chapter 5: Sensation AP Psychology Fall 2014

SENSES: VISION. Chapter 5: Sensation AP Psychology Fall 2014 SENSES: VISION Chapter 5: Sensation AP Psychology Fall 2014 Sensation versus Perception Top-Down Processing (Perception) Cerebral cortex/ Association Areas Expectations Experiences Memories Schemas Anticipation

More information

Supplemental Information. Octopamine Neurons Mediate Flight-Induced Modulation of Visual Processing in Drosophila. Supplemental Inventory

Supplemental Information. Octopamine Neurons Mediate Flight-Induced Modulation of Visual Processing in Drosophila. Supplemental Inventory 1 Current Biology, Volume 22 Supplemental Information Octopamine Neurons Mediate Flight-Induced Modulation of Visual Processing in Drosophila Marie P. Suver, Akira Mamiya, and Michael H. Dickinson Supplemental

More information

Senses and Sense Organs

Senses and Sense Organs Senses and Sense Organs SENSORY SYSTEMS Human experience is effected by both internal and external stimuli. Humans are able to distinguish among many different types of stimuli by means of a highly developed

More information

Supplementary Materials for

Supplementary Materials for advances.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/3/3/e1600955/dc1 Supplementary Materials for Flexible and stretchable nanowire-coated fibers for optoelectronic probing of spinal cord circuits Chi Lu, Seongjun

More information

Effect of Propecia on the Hair Follicle in Male Androgenetic Alopecia: A Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy and Video Imaging Study

Effect of Propecia on the Hair Follicle in Male Androgenetic Alopecia: A Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy and Video Imaging Study Effect of Propecia on the Hair Follicle in Male Androgenetic Alopecia: A Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy and Video Imaging Study Investigators: Department of Dermatology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis,

More information

GAFCHROMIC DOSIMETRY MEDIA TYPE MD-V3

GAFCHROMIC DOSIMETRY MEDIA TYPE MD-V3 GAFCHROMIC DOSIMETRY MEDIA TYPE MD-V3 WARNING: Store below 25ºC Store away from radiation sources Avoid exposure of film to sunlight Handle film carefully, creasing may cause damage Do not expose to temperatures

More information

Influenza virus exploits tunneling nanotubes for cell-to-cell spread

Influenza virus exploits tunneling nanotubes for cell-to-cell spread Supplementary Information Influenza virus exploits tunneling nanotubes for cell-to-cell spread Amrita Kumar 1, Jin Hyang Kim 1, Priya Ranjan 1, Maureen G. Metcalfe 2, Weiping Cao 1, Margarita Mishina 1,

More information

Supplementary Materials for

Supplementary Materials for advances.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/2/12/e1601838/dc1 Supplementary Materials for General and programmable synthesis of hybrid liposome/metal nanoparticles Jin-Ho Lee, Yonghee Shin, Wooju Lee, Keumrai

More information

Supplementary Information. Detection and delineation of oral cancer with a PARP1 targeted optical imaging agent

Supplementary Information. Detection and delineation of oral cancer with a PARP1 targeted optical imaging agent Supplementary Information Detection and delineation of oral cancer with a PARP1 targeted optical imaging agent Authors: Susanne Kossatz a, Christian Brand a, Stanley Gutiontov b, Jonathan T.C. Liu c, Nancy

More information

Supplementary Figure 1. Localization of face patches (a) Sagittal slice showing the location of fmri-identified face patches in one monkey targeted

Supplementary Figure 1. Localization of face patches (a) Sagittal slice showing the location of fmri-identified face patches in one monkey targeted Supplementary Figure 1. Localization of face patches (a) Sagittal slice showing the location of fmri-identified face patches in one monkey targeted for recording; dark black line indicates electrode. Stereotactic

More information

Supplementary Information

Supplementary Information Nature Immunology doi:1.138/ni.2477 Supplementary Information Capillary and arteriolar pericytes attract innate leukocytes exiting through venules and instruct them with pattern recognition and motility

More information

Supplementary Figure 1. Properties of various IZUMO1 monoclonal antibodies and behavior of SPACA6. (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) (g) .

Supplementary Figure 1. Properties of various IZUMO1 monoclonal antibodies and behavior of SPACA6. (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) (g) . Supplementary Figure 1. Properties of various IZUMO1 monoclonal antibodies and behavior of SPACA6. (a) The inhibitory effects of new antibodies (Mab17 and Mab18). They were investigated in in vitro fertilization

More information

الاسود التعرق= Black sweat. Chromhidrosis

الاسود التعرق= Black sweat. Chromhidrosis Chromhidrosis Chromhidrosis is a rare condition characterized by the secretion of colored sweat. Two glands produce sweat: eccrine and apocrine glands. Eccrine glands secrete a clear, odorless fluid that

More information

T H E J O U R N A L O F C E L L B I O L O G Y

T H E J O U R N A L O F C E L L B I O L O G Y T H E J O U R N A L O F C E L L B I O L O G Y Supplemental material Lu et al., http://www.jcb.org/cgi/content/full/jcb.201012063/dc1 Figure S1. Kinetics of nuclear envelope assembly, recruitment of Nup133

More information

LARYNGEAL DYSPLASIA. Tomas Fernandez M; 3 rd year ENT resident, Son Espases University Hospital

LARYNGEAL DYSPLASIA. Tomas Fernandez M; 3 rd year ENT resident, Son Espases University Hospital LARYNGEAL DYSPLASIA Tomas Fernandez M; 3 rd year ENT resident, Son Espases University Hospital INTRODUCTION Laryngeal cancer constitutes 1-2% of all malignancies diagnosed worldwide Survival is related

More information

A genetically targeted optical sensor to monitor calcium signals in astrocyte processes

A genetically targeted optical sensor to monitor calcium signals in astrocyte processes A genetically targeted optical sensor to monitor calcium signals in astrocyte processes 1 Eiji Shigetomi, 1 Sebastian Kracun, 2 Michael V. Sofroniew & 1,2 *Baljit S. Khakh Ψ 1 Departments of Physiology

More information

File name: Supplementary Information Description: Supplementary Figures, Supplementary Table and Supplementary References

File name: Supplementary Information Description: Supplementary Figures, Supplementary Table and Supplementary References File name: Supplementary Information Description: Supplementary Figures, Supplementary Table and Supplementary References File name: Supplementary Data 1 Description: Summary datasheets showing the spatial

More information

Light-evoked hyperpolarization and silencing of neurons by conjugated polymers

Light-evoked hyperpolarization and silencing of neurons by conjugated polymers Light-evoked hyperpolarization and silencing of neurons by conjugated polymers Paul Feyen 1,, Elisabetta Colombo 1,2,, Duco Endeman 1, Mattia Nova 1, Lucia Laudato 2, Nicola Martino 2,3, Maria Rosa Antognazza

More information

Joint and Epiphyseal Progenitor Cells Revitalize Tendon Graft and Form Mineralized Insertion Sites in Murine ACL Reconstruction Model

Joint and Epiphyseal Progenitor Cells Revitalize Tendon Graft and Form Mineralized Insertion Sites in Murine ACL Reconstruction Model Joint and Epiphyseal Progenitor Cells Revitalize Tendon Graft and Form Mineralized Insertion Sites in Murine ACL Reconstruction Model Yusuke Hagiwara 1,2, Nathaniel A. Dyment 3, Douglas J. Adams 3, Shinro

More information

Supporting Online Material for

Supporting Online Material for www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/317/5841/183/dc1 Supporting Online Material for Astrocytes Potentiate Transmitter Release at Single Hippocampal Synapses Gertrudis Perea and Alfonso Araque* *To whom

More information

Supporting Information

Supporting Information Supporting Information Toward High-Efficient Red Emissive Carbon Dots: Facile Preparation, Unique Properties, and Applications as Multifunctional Theranostic Agents Shan Sun,, Ling Zhang, Kai Jiang, Aiguo

More information

14 Taste. 14 Taste versus Flavor. Chapter 14

14 Taste. 14 Taste versus Flavor. Chapter 14 14 Taste Chapter 14 14 Taste Taste versus Flavor Anatomy and Physiology The Four Basic Tastes Coding of Taste Quality Genetic Variation in Taste Experience The Pleasures of Taste 14 Taste versus Flavor

More information

Microcircuitry coordination of cortical motor information in self-initiation of voluntary movements

Microcircuitry coordination of cortical motor information in self-initiation of voluntary movements Y. Isomura et al. 1 Microcircuitry coordination of cortical motor information in self-initiation of voluntary movements Yoshikazu Isomura, Rie Harukuni, Takashi Takekawa, Hidenori Aizawa & Tomoki Fukai

More information

Supplementary Figure 1. Overview of steps in the construction of photosynthetic protocellular systems

Supplementary Figure 1. Overview of steps in the construction of photosynthetic protocellular systems Supplementary Figure 1 Overview of steps in the construction of photosynthetic protocellular systems (a) The small unilamellar vesicles were made with phospholipids. (b) Three types of small proteoliposomes

More information

SENSATION & PERCEPTION

SENSATION & PERCEPTION SENSATION & PERCEPTION Sensation and perception result from a symphony of sensory receptors and the neurons those receptors communicate with. The receptors and neurons fire in different combinations and

More information

Supporting Information

Supporting Information ATP from synaptic terminals and astrocytes regulates NMDA receptors and synaptic plasticity through PSD- 95 multi- protein complex U.Lalo, O.Palygin, A.Verkhratsky, S.G.N. Grant and Y. Pankratov Supporting

More information

Santulli G. et al. A microrna-based strategy to suppress restenosis while preserving endothelial function

Santulli G. et al. A microrna-based strategy to suppress restenosis while preserving endothelial function ONLINE DATA SUPPLEMENTS Santulli G. et al. A microrna-based strategy to suppress restenosis while preserving endothelial function Supplementary Figures Figure S1 Effect of Ad-p27-126TS on the expression

More information

Nature Neuroscience: doi: /nn Supplementary Figure 1. Lick response during the delayed Go versus No-Go task.

Nature Neuroscience: doi: /nn Supplementary Figure 1. Lick response during the delayed Go versus No-Go task. Supplementary Figure 1 Lick response during the delayed Go versus No-Go task. Trial-averaged lick rate was averaged across all mice used for pyramidal cell imaging (n = 9). Different colors denote different

More information

Histology of the Eye

Histology of the Eye Histology of the Eye Objectives By the end of this lecture, the student should be able to describe: The general structure of the eye. The microscopic structure of:»cornea.»retina. EYE BULB Three coats

More information

Ultrasound Physics & Terminology

Ultrasound Physics & Terminology Ultrasound Physics & Terminology This module includes the following: Basic physics terms Basic principles of ultrasound Ultrasound terminology and terms Common artifacts seen Doppler principles Terms for

More information

Visualisation of the Cochlea Implant/Tissue Interface

Visualisation of the Cochlea Implant/Tissue Interface Visualisation of the Cochlea Implant/Tissue Interface Christopher Wong 1, 4, Ian S. Curthoys 2, Stephen O Leary 3,4, Allan S. Jones 1 1 Australian Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis, University of

More information

Tumor Targeting of Functionalized Quantum Dot- Liposome Hybrids by Intravenous Administration

Tumor Targeting of Functionalized Quantum Dot- Liposome Hybrids by Intravenous Administration Tumor Targeting of Functionalized Quantum Dot- Liposome Hybrids by Intravenous Administration Wafa T. Al-Jamal 1, Khuloud T. Al-Jamal 1, Bowen Tian 1, Andrew Cakebread 2, John M. Halket 2 and Kostas Kostarelos

More information

NON-STANDARD ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS

NON-STANDARD ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS Full Title: A nonlinear optical 3D method for quantifying atherosclerosis burden Short Title: Sanchez 3D method for atherosclerosis quantification Authors: Susana A. Sánchez a,*,,, PhD; Nerea Méndez-Barbero

More information

SPONTANEOUS OSCILLATIONS IN HAIR CELLS OF THE BULLFROG SACCULUS

SPONTANEOUS OSCILLATIONS IN HAIR CELLS OF THE BULLFROG SACCULUS SPONTANEOUS OSCILLATIONS IN HAIR CELLS OF THE BULLFROG SACCULUS Katherine Knisely, D. Bozovic University of California at Los Angeles It has long been observed that there is some form of amplification

More information

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION doi: 10.1038/nature06310 SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION www.nature.com/nature 1 www.nature.com/nature 2 www.nature.com/nature 3 Supplementary Figure S1 Spontaneous duration of wake, SWS and REM sleep (expressed

More information

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION doi:10.1038/nature11905 WWW.NATURE.COM/NATURE 1 RESEARCH SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION Supplementary Figure 1 Quantification of integrated chorda tympani nerve responses. Quantification

More information

Fluorescent Carbon Dots as Off-On Nanosensor for Ascorbic Acid

Fluorescent Carbon Dots as Off-On Nanosensor for Ascorbic Acid Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for RSC Advances. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2014 Fluorescent Carbon Dots as Off-On Nanosensor for Ascorbic Acid Jun Gong, Xin Lu, Xueqin An*

More information

Ube3a is required for experience-dependent maturation of the neocortex

Ube3a is required for experience-dependent maturation of the neocortex Ube3a is required for experience-dependent maturation of the neocortex Koji Yashiro, Thorfinn T. Riday, Kathryn H. Condon, Adam C. Roberts, Danilo R. Bernardo, Rohit Prakash, Richard J. Weinberg, Michael

More information

Nature Biotechnology: doi: /nbt.3828

Nature Biotechnology: doi: /nbt.3828 Supplementary Figure 1 Development of a FRET-based MCS. (a) Linker and MA2 modification are indicated by single letter amino acid code. indicates deletion of amino acids and N or C indicate the terminus

More information

The lowest level of stimulation that a person can detect. absolute threshold. Adapting one's current understandings to incorporate new information.

The lowest level of stimulation that a person can detect. absolute threshold. Adapting one's current understandings to incorporate new information. absolute threshold The lowest level of stimulation that a person can detect accommodation Adapting one's current understandings to incorporate new information. acuity Sharp perception or vision audition

More information

ZnO nanostructures epitaxially grown on ZnO seeded Si (100) substrates by chemical vapor deposition

ZnO nanostructures epitaxially grown on ZnO seeded Si (100) substrates by chemical vapor deposition ZnO nanostructures epitaxially grown on ZnO seeded Si (100) substrates by chemical vapor deposition Zhuo Chen 1, T. Salagaj 2, C. Jensen 2, K. Strobl 2, Mim Nakarmi 1, and Kai Shum 1, a 1 Physics Department,

More information

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION Supplementary Figure 1. Normal AMPAR-mediated fepsp input-output curve in CA3-Psen cdko mice. Input-output curves, which are plotted initial slopes of the evoked fepsp as function of the amplitude of the

More information

Supplementary Figure 1: Steviol and stevioside potentiate TRPM5 in a cell-free environment. (a) TRPM5 currents are activated in inside-out patches

Supplementary Figure 1: Steviol and stevioside potentiate TRPM5 in a cell-free environment. (a) TRPM5 currents are activated in inside-out patches Supplementary Figure 1: Steviol and stevioside potentiate TRPM5 in a cell-free environment. (a) TRPM5 currents are activated in inside-out patches during application of 500 µm Ca 2+ at the intracellular

More information

Supplementary figure 1: LII/III GIN-cells show morphological characteristics of MC

Supplementary figure 1: LII/III GIN-cells show morphological characteristics of MC 1 2 1 3 Supplementary figure 1: LII/III GIN-cells show morphological characteristics of MC 4 5 6 7 (a) Reconstructions of LII/III GIN-cells with somato-dendritic compartments in orange and axonal arborizations

More information

Ganglion Cells Blind Spot Cornea Pupil Visual Area of the Bipolar Cells Thalamus Rods and Cones Lens Visual cortex of the occipital lobe

Ganglion Cells Blind Spot Cornea Pupil Visual Area of the Bipolar Cells Thalamus Rods and Cones Lens Visual cortex of the occipital lobe How We See How We See Cornea Ganglion Cells whose axons form the optic nerve Blind Spot the exit point at the back of the retina Pupil which is controlled by the iris Bipolar Cells Visual Area of the Thalamus

More information

Special Senses. Accessory Structures of the Eye. The Eye and Vision. Accessory Structures of the Eye. Accessory Structures of the Eye

Special Senses. Accessory Structures of the Eye. The Eye and Vision. Accessory Structures of the Eye. Accessory Structures of the Eye 8 PART A Special Senses PowerPoint Lecture Slide Presentation by Jerry L. Cook, Sam Houston University ESSENTIALS OF HUMAN ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY EIGHTH EDITION ELAINE N. MARIEB The Senses General senses

More information

T H E J O U R N A L O F C E L L B I O L O G Y

T H E J O U R N A L O F C E L L B I O L O G Y Supplemental material Chen et al., http://www.jcb.org/cgi/content/full/jcb.201210119/dc1 T H E J O U R N A L O F C E L L B I O L O G Y Figure S1. Lack of fast reversibility of UVR8 dissociation. (A) HEK293T

More information

Neuroscience - Problem Drill 13: The Eye and Visual Processing

Neuroscience - Problem Drill 13: The Eye and Visual Processing Neuroscience - Problem Drill 13: The Eye and Visual Processing Question No. 1 of 10 needed, (3) Pick the answer, and (4) Review the core concept tutorial as needed. 1. Which of the following statements

More information

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION doi:10.1038/nature11306 Supplementary Figures Supplementary Figure 1. Basic characterization of GFP+ RGLs in the dentate gyrus of adult nestin-gfp mice. a, Sample confocal images

More information

Astrocyte signaling controls spike timing-dependent depression at neocortical synapses

Astrocyte signaling controls spike timing-dependent depression at neocortical synapses Supplementary Information Astrocyte signaling controls spike timing-dependent depression at neocortical synapses Rogier Min and Thomas Nevian Department of Physiology, University of Berne, Bern, Switzerland

More information

Aid to Programming: Algorithm and Check List for Electrode Configurations. Patient name: Medical Record No.

Aid to Programming: Algorithm and Check List for Electrode Configurations. Patient name: Medical Record No. 1 Aid to Programming: Algorithm and Check List for Electrode Configurations Patient name: Medical Record No. Date of Birth: Month Day Year Diagnosis: DBS target: DBS side: The designations for the contacts

More information

John Nguyen, Nozomi Nishimura, Robert Fetcho, Costantino Iadecola, Chris B. Schaffer

John Nguyen, Nozomi Nishimura, Robert Fetcho, Costantino Iadecola, Chris B. Schaffer Supplemental figures and text for Occlusion of cortical ascending venules causes blood flow decreases, reversals in flow direction, and vessel dilation in upstream capillaries John Nguyen, Nozomi Nishimura,

More information

The Special Senses. Chapter 17

The Special Senses. Chapter 17 The Special Senses Chapter 17 Objective Describe the structure of vertebrate sensory organs and relate structure to function in vertebrate sensory systems. The 5 Special Senses 1. Olfaction 2. Gustation

More information

Microtubule Teardrop Patterns

Microtubule Teardrop Patterns Supporting Information Microtubule Teardrop Patterns Kosuke Okeyoshi 1, Ryuzo Kawamura 1, Ryo Yoshida 2, and Yoshihito Osada 1 * 1 RIKEN Advanced Science Institute, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198,

More information

EXPERIMENT 26: Detection of DNA-binding Proteins using an Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay Gel shift

EXPERIMENT 26: Detection of DNA-binding Proteins using an Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay Gel shift EXPERIMENT 26: Detection of DNA-binding Proteins using an Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay Gel shift Remember to use sterile conditions (tips, tubes, etc.) throughout this experiment Day 1: Biotinylation

More information

Multiphoton spectral microscopy for imaging and quantification of tissue glycation

Multiphoton spectral microscopy for imaging and quantification of tissue glycation Multiphoton spectral microscopy for imaging and quantification of tissue glycation Jo-Ya Tseng, 1 Ara A. Ghazaryan, 1 Wen Lo, 1,2 Yang-Fang Chen, 1 Vladimir Hovhannisyan, 1 Shean-Jen Chen, 2 Hsin-Yuan

More information

Ultrahigh Speed Imaging of the Rat Retina Using Ultrahigh Resolution Spectral/Fourier Domain OCT

Ultrahigh Speed Imaging of the Rat Retina Using Ultrahigh Resolution Spectral/Fourier Domain OCT Ultrahigh Speed Imaging of the Rat Retina Using Ultrahigh Resolution Spectral/Fourier Domain OCT The MIT Faculty has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your

More information