POST-TEST FOR UNIT 7: FLUORIDE

Transcription

1 POST-TEST FOR UNIT 7: FLUORIDE This is a printable version of the Unit 7 Test for IAOMT Accreditation. It is for your records only. To achieve credit, you MUST TAKE THIS TEST ONLINE AT 1. A major reason established by the NRC that dental-care products containing fluoride are a special consideration for children is that. A. many children tend to use more toothpaste than is advised B. children s swallowing control is not as well developed as that of adults C. many children under the care of a dentist undergo fluoride treatments D. B & C only E. all of the above 2. Fluoride is readily incorporated into the crystalline structure of bone and will accumulate over time. 3. Overall, there was consensus among the NRC committee that there is scientific evidence that under certain conditions fluoride can weaken bone and increase the risk of fractures. 4. The NRC identified a potentially susceptible subpopulation exposed to fluoride as. A. individuals with anxiety disorder B. individuals with toenail fungus C. individuals with renal impairments D. individuals with parasites E. none of the above 5. In light of the collective evidence on various health end points and total exposure to fluoride, the NRC committee concluded that EPA s MCLG of 4 mg/l should be lowered. Unit 7 Test; Page 1

2 6. Research needs identified at the end of the NRC Executive Summary include: A. exposure assessment B. pharmacokinetic studies C. studies of enamel fluorosis D. all of the above : 7. Colorado Brown Stain is an example of. A. dental fluorosis B. the effects of tea drinking C. poor dental hygiene D. none of the above 8. People vary tremendously in the amount of water they consume. In our discussion, this problem is relevant to. A. controlling water weight B. controlling the individual s dose of added fluoride C. controlling thirst D. controlling diabetes 9. Fluoride s most notable relation to risk of cancer in humans involves. A. Warthin s tumor B. Kaposi s sarcoma C. Prostate cancer D. Osteosarcoma 10. The absence of fluoride creates a deficiency state in the human body. 11. In addition to an array of consumer products, fluoride is chemically synthesized for use in. A. community water fluoridation B. dental products C. fertilizers and pesticides D. A & B only E. all of the above Unit 7 Test; Page 2

3 12. Fluoride is not a nutrient and has no biological function in the body. 13. The IAOMT position on fluoride use is that given the elevated number of fluoride sources and the increased rates of fluoride intake in the American population, which have risen substantially since water fluoridation began in the 1940 s, it has become a necessity to reduce and work toward eliminating avoidable sources of fluoride exposure, including water fluoridation, fluoride-containing dental materials, and other fluoridated products. 14. Over 200 scientists from 38 countries have signed onto calling for government and manufacturer action on poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), which can be found in drinking water due to contamination in ground and surface water. A. The Minamata Convention on Mercury B. The Precautionary Principle C. The Madrid Statement D. None of the above 15. Fluoride tablets, drops, lozenges, and rinses are approved as safe and effective by the FDA. 16. of pharmaceutical compounds (used in prescription drugs) have been estimated to contain fluorine. A. 1-5% B. 5-10% C % D % Unit 7 Test; Page 3

4 17. In western Europe, some governments have openly recognized hazards of fluoride, and only 3% of the western European population drinks fluoridated water. In the United States, approximately % of Americans are drinking fluoridated water. A. 0% B. 25% C. 50% D. 66% E. 100% 18. The Public Health Service lowered its recommendation for optimal levels of fluoride added to drinking water to the single level of 0.7 milligrams per liter in 2015 due to. A. an increase in dental fluorosis (permanent damage to the teeth that can occur in children from overexposure to fluoride) B. the increase in sources of fluoride exposure to Americans C. a decreased need for caries prevention D. A & B E. none of the above 19. In 2014, the FDA permitted the use of for reducing tooth sensitivity. A. prophy paste B. fluoride tablets C. silver diamine fluoride D. fluoride dental fillings 20. Fluoride taken into the human body enters the bloodstream through the digestive tract. Most of the fluoride that is not released through urine is stored in the body. It is generally stated that of this fluoride resides in the bone. A. 100% B. 99% C. 75% D. less than 10% E. none Unit 7 Test; Page 4

5 21. Fluoride appears to interfere with functions of the, which helps control circadian rhythms and hormones, including the regulation of melatonin and reproductive hormones. Jennifer Luke of the Royal Hospital of London has demonstrated that fluoride levels in this area of the body could reach up to 21,000 ppm, rendering them higher than the fluoride levels in the bone or teeth. A. liver B. eardrum C. pineal gland D. none of the above 22. Setting one universal level of fluoride as a recommended limit is also problematic because it does not take individualized responses into account. Such a one dose fits all level fails to address age, weight, gender, allergies to fluoride, genetic factors, nutrient deficiencies, and other personalized factors known to be pertinent to fluoride exposures. 23. A study about water fluoridation published in 2016 by Kyle Fluegge, PhD, of Case Western University, associated community water fluoridation with epidemiological outcomes for. A. the flu B. the Zika virus C. hepatitis D. diabetes 24. The FDA does not require any type of wording about fluoride on the labels of toothpaste for adults or children, and in fact, the only fluoride labels on toothpaste are from the American Dental Association (ADA). 25. All composite fillings contain fluoride. To achieve credit, you MUST TAKE THIS TEST ONLINE AT Unit 7 Test; Page 5