Antidepressants. BMF 83 - Antidepressants

Transcription

1 Antidepressants BMF 83 - Antidepressants Depression is a common psychiatric disorder impacting millions of people worldwide. It is caused by an imbalance of chemicals in the brain, namely serotonin and noradrenaline 1. Everyone experiences highs and lows, but depression is characterised by persistent sadness for weeks or months 2. With depression there is lasting feeling of hopelessness, often accompanied by anxiety. Sufferers lose interest in things that they previously enjoyed, and experience bouts of tearfulness. Rational thinking and decision making are impacted. Physical manifestations include tiredness, insomnia, loss of appetite and sex drive, aches and pains 2. At its worst depression can cause the sufferer to feel suicidal. Depression is usually treated with a combination of counselling and drug therapy. There is also evidence that exercise can help depression. Most people with moderate or severe depression benefit from antidepressant medication. There are a wide range of antidepressants on the market, which can be broadly divided according to mechanism of action 3 ; Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) Serotonin modulator and stimulators (SMSs) Serotonin antagonist and reuptake inhibitors (SARIs) Norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (NRIs or NERIs) Tetracyclic antidepressants (TeCAs) Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) sales@chiron.no Tel.: Fax.: BMF 83 p.1/8, 10_16

2 Today the most common first choice of medication is a SSRI 1, i.e. Citalopram, Escitalopram, Fluvoxamine, Paroxetine, Sertraline, Fluoxetine. Antidepressants are not addictive, but can result in withdrawal symptoms when therapy is stopped. These include stomach upset, flu-like symptoms, anxiety, dizziness, vivid dreams or electric shock sensations. In most cases symptoms are quite mild, and do not persist more than a week or two, but occasionally they can be quite severe. Onset occurs very soon after stopping, and so can be differentiated from depression relapse, which tends to occur later 2. Chiron offer a wide range of antidepressant reference materials and associated internal standards; Amitriptyline (Elavil) K-ME Amitriptyline hydrochloride MG Amitriptyline hydrochloride MG Amitriptyline hydrochloride neat neat 100 mg ME Amitriptyline-d3 hydrochloride K-ME Amitriptyline-d3 hydrochloride MG Amitriptyline-d3 hydrochloride ME Amitriptyline Imp. A (Dibenzosuberone) /ml MG Amitriptyline Imp. A (Dibenzosuberone) neat neat 100 mg sales@chiron.no Tel.: Fax.: BMF 83 p.2/8, 10_16

3 ME Amitriptyline Imp. B (Cyclobenzaprine hydrochloride) MG Amitriptyline Imp. B (Cyclobenzaprine hydrochloride) neat neat 100 mg K-ME Amitriptyline Imp. C (Nortriptyline hydrochloride) MG Amitriptyline Imp. C (Nortriptyline hydrochloride) MG Amitriptyline Imp. C (Nortriptyline hydrochloride) neat neat 100 mg ME Nortriptyline-d3 hydrochloride K-ME Nortriptyline-d3 hydrochloride MG Nortriptyline-d3 hydrochloride ME Amitriptyline Imp. D (5-(3-Dimethylaminopropyl)-10,11- dihydro-5h-dibenzo[a,d]cyclohepten /ml ol) Clomipramine (Anafranil) ME Clomipramine hydrochloride K-ME Clomipramine hydrochloride MG Clomipramine hydrochloride MG Clomipramine hydrochloride neat neat 25 mg MG Clomipramine hydrochloride neat neat 50 mg MG Clomipramine hydrochloride neat neat 100 mg ME Clomipramine-d6 hydrochloride (N,N-dimethyl-d6) K-ME Clomipramine-d6 hydrochloride (N,N-dimethyl-d6) ME K-ME MG Desmethylclomipramine hydrochloride (Norclomipramine HCl) Desmethylclomipramine hydrochloride (Norclomipramine HCl) Desmethylclomipramine hydrochloride (Norclomipramine HCl) Citalopram (Cipramil) methanol methanol 1 ml 1 ml ME (±)-Citalopram hydrobromide /ml K-ME (±)-Citalopram hydrobromide /ml MG (±)-Citalopram hydrobromide sales@chiron.no Tel.: Fax.: BMF 83 p.3/8, 10_16

4 ME (±)-Citalopram-d4 hydrobromide (4-fluorophenyl-d4) /ml K-ME (±)-Citalopram-d4 hydrobromide (4-fluorophenyl-d4) /ml MG (±)-Citalopram-d4 hydrobromide (4-fluorophenyl-d4) neat neat 5 mg K-ME (±)-Desmethylcitalopram hydrochloride MG (S)-Citalopram oxalate (Escitalopram oxalate) K-ME Desipramine Desipramine hydrochloride (Imipramine HCl EP Imp A) Dosulepin (Dothiepin) methanol K-ME Dosulepin /ml Doxepin (Deptran) ME Doxepin hydrochloride (cis+trans) (as trans) K-ME Doxepin hydrochloride (cis+trans) (as trans) MG Doxepin hydrochloride (cis+trans) (as trans) MG Doxepin hydrochloride (cis+trans) (as trans) neat neat 25 mg ME Doxepin-d3 hydrochloride (cis+trans) (as trans) K-ME Doxepin-d3 hydrochloride (cis+trans) (as trans) MG Doxepin-d3 hydrochloride (cis+trans) (as trans) K-ME Desmethyldoxepin hydrochloride (Nordoxepin HCl) MG Desmethyldoxepin hydrochloride (Nordoxepin HCl) MG Desmethyldoxepin hydrochloride (Nordoxepin HCl) neat neat 25 mg Duloxetine MG Duloxetine hydrochloride neat neat 25 mg MG Duloxetine hydrochloride neat neat 50 mg MG Duloxetine hydrochloride neat neat 100 mg Fluoxetine (Prozac) K-ME Fluoxetine /ml MG Fluoxetine MG Fluoxetine neat neat 50 mg MG Fluoxetine neat neat 100 mg K-ME Fluoxetine hydrochloride MG Fluoxetine hydrochloride ME Fluoxetine-d5 hydrochloride (phenyl-d5) 1 ml sales@chiron.no Tel.: Fax.: BMF 83 p.4/8, 10_16

5 MG Fluoxetine-d5 hydrochloride (phenyl-d5) ME Norfluoxetine hydrochloride MG Norfluoxetine hydrochloride ME Norfluoxetine-d5 (propyl-1,1,2,2,3-d5) /ml MG Norfluoxetine-d5 (propyl-1,1,2,2,3-d5) neat neat 5 mg Flupentixol K-ME Flupentixol dihydrochloride (cis+trans) MG Flupentixol dihydrochloride (cis+trans) K-ME cis-(z)-flupentixol dihydrochloride MG cis-(z)-flupentixol dihydrochloride Fluvoxamine MG Fluvoxamine maleate neat neat 50 mg MG Fluvoxamine maleate neat neat 100 mg Imipramine K-ME Imipramine hydrochloride MG Imipramine hydrochloride Mianserin K-ME Mianserin hydrochloride MG Mianserin hydrochloride ME Mianserin-d3 hydrochloride (methyl-d3) MG Mianserin-d3 hydrochloride (methyl-d3) neat neat 5 mg ME Desmethylmianserin (Normianserin) /ml MG Desmethylmianserin (Normianserin) Mirtazapine (Zispin) ME Mirtazapine /ml K-ME Mirtazapine /ml MG Mirtazapine MG Mirtazapine neat neat 25 mg MG Mirtazapine neat neat 100 mg ME Mirtazapine-d3 (methyl-d3) /ml MG Mirtazapine-d3 (methyl-d3) neat neat 1 mg MG Desmethylmirtazapine hydrochloride (Normirtazapine HCl) (freebase) sales@chiron.no Tel.: Fax.: BMF 83 p.5/8, 10_16

6 Moclobemide MG Moclobemide Opipramol AN Opipramol /ml K-ME MG ME MG Paroxetine (Seroxat) (-)-(3S,4R)-Paroxetine hydrochloride hemihydrate (-)-(3S,4R)-Paroxetine hydrochloride hemihydrate (-)-(3S,4R)-Paroxetine-d6 maleate (methylene-d2, alpha-n-piperazine-d4) (-)-(3S,4R)-Paroxetine-d6 maleate (methylene-d2, alpha-n-piperazine-d4) Phenibut (Fenibut, Phenybut) methanol 1 ml /ml neat neat 5 mg MG Phenibut hydrochloride Sertraline (Zoloft) ME (+)-(1S,4S)-Sertraline hydrochloride K-ME (+)-(1S,4S)-Sertraline hydrochloride MG (+)-(1S,4S)-Sertraline hydrochloride MG (+)-(1S,4S)-Sertraline hydrochloride neat neat 25 mg MG (+)-(1S,4S)-Sertraline hydrochloride neat neat 100 mg ME (±)-cis-sertraline-d3 hydrochloride ME (±)-cis-sertraline-d3 hydrochloride Tianeptine K-ME Tianeptine sulphate mono hydrate (anhydrous) MG Tianeptine sulphate mono hydrate (anhydrous) Trazodone (Molipaxin) K-ME Trazodone hydrochloride MG Trazodone hydrochloride Trimipramine (Surmontil) K-ME Trimipramine maleate /ml MG Trimipramine maleate ME Trimipramine-d3 maleate (free base) /ml MG Trimipramine-d3 maleate (free base) Venlafaxine (Effexor) K-ME Venlafaxine hydrochloride MG Venlafaxine hydrochloride MG Venlafaxine hydrochloride neat neat 50 mg sales@chiron.no Tel.: Fax.: BMF 83 p.6/8, 10_16

7 MG Venlafaxine hydrochloride neat neat 100 mg MG Venlafaxine hydrochloride neat neat 250 mg ME Venlafaxine-d6 hydrochloride (N,N-dimethyl-d3) K-ME Venlafaxine-d6 hydrochloride (N,N-dimethyl-d3) MG Venlafaxine-d6 hydrochloride (N,N-dimethyl-d3) neat neat 5 mg ME O-Desmethylvenlafaxine /ml MG O-Desmethylvenlafaxine Catalogue No. Description Cas No. Concentration Component part Antidepressant Mix 1 13 Analytes at assorted concentrations in methanol Clomipramine hydrochloride µmol/l Norclomipramine hydrochloride µmol/l Amitriptyline hydrochloride µmol/l Mianserin hydrochloride µmol/l Desmethylmianserin µmol/l Nortriptyline hydrochloride µmol/l Paroxetine hydrochloride hemihydrate µmol/l Citalopram hydrobromide µmol/l Desmethylcitalopram hydrochloride µmol/l Fluoxetine µmol/l Norfluoxetine hydrochloride µmol/l Venlafaxine hydrochloride µmol/l O-Desmethylvenlafaxine µmol/l S-4886-ASS-ME 1 x 1 ml ampoule S-4886-ASS-MEx5 5 x 1mL ampoules! Chiron AS is an authorised distributor of ACQ Science. Please contact us for information on ACQ Science antidepressant accuracy controls in serum. References: [1] A. W. Jones, Perspectives in Drug Discovery: A collection of Essays on the History and Development of Pharmaceutical Substances. National Board of Forensic Medicine. RMV Report 2010:1. [3] NHS Choices Your health, your choices, Clinical depression Pages/Introduction.aspx (accessed August 16). [2] Wikipedia Key search terms antidepressants depression SSRI (accessed August 2016). sales@chiron.no Tel.: Fax.: BMF 83 p.7/8, 10_16

8 For ordering and information about prices and delivery in your country, please contact your local distributor: Tel.: Fax.: BMF 83 p.8/8, 10_16