Endo 2 SLO Practice (online) Page 1 of 7

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1 Endo 2 SLO Practice (online) Page 1 of 7 1. A long- acting insulin, like Lantus is for? A. When the next meal is within minutes of the injection B. Over night use or for ½ of the day often combined with another form C. Taking with meals, often combined with longer acting form. D. Covering the whole day (24 hrs.), providing "basal" insulin and may be combined with another form 2. A major consequence of insulin binding to its cell surface receptors on muscle and fat cells is the translocation of the GLUT- 4 transporter from the cytosol to the cell surface, allowing? to flow into the cell. A. Cholesterol B. Glycogen C. Calcium D. Glucose E. Fatty acids 3. A number of drugs increase the risk of severe hypoglycemia when given with sulfonylureas. Which of the following should be avoided or used with great caution by patients taking a sulfonylurea? A. NSAIDs and salicylates in large doses B. Sulfonamides including thiazide diuretics C. Coumarins (e.g., warfarin) D. Beta blockers E. All the above 4. A Rapid- acting insulin, like Humalog is for A. When the next meal is within minutes of the injection B. Covering the whole day (24 hrs.) and may be combined with another form C. Taking with meals, often combined with longer acting form. D. Over night use or for ½ of the day often combined with another form 5. A short- acting insulin, like Humulin is for? A. Taking with meals, often combined with longer acting form. B. Over night use or for ½ of the day often combined with another form C. Covering the whole day (24 hrs.) and may be combined with another form D. When the next meal is within minutes of the injection 6. A type of diabetes that has mixed DMT1 & DMT2 characteristics is associated with A. Diabetes mellitus type 1 B. Diabetes mellitus type 2 C. Cystic fibrosis D. Diabetes insipidus E. Gestational diabetes 7. Acarbose (Precose) inhibits a glucosidase, which means it acts to reduce blood glucose by? A. Blocking hepatic gluconeogenesis B. Preventing the digestion and absorption of carbohydrates C. Stimulating the pancreas to release more insulin D. Mimicking incretins E. Preventing the breakdown of incretins

2 Endo 2 SLO Practice (online) Page 2 of 7 8. Acarbose (Precose) is a(n)? antihyperglycemic drug used as an adjunct to diet and exercise to treat A. Parenteral /DMT1 B. Oral /DMT 1 and DMT 2 C. Parenteral/Hypoglycemia D. Parenteral /DMT1 and some cases of DMT2 E. Oral /Diabetes insipidus 9. Alpha glucosidase inhibitors like? are associated with gas. A. Glucagon B. Acarbose C. Metformin D. Insulin E. Liraglutide 10. An Intermediate- acting insulin, like NPH is for? A. Over night use or for ½ of the day often combined with another form B. Taking with meals, often combined with longer acting form. C. When the next meal is within minutes of the injection D. Covering the whole day (24 hrs.) & may be combined with another form 11. Bromocriptine given in very low doses first thing in the morning is indicated to help provide glycemic control in DMT2 patients along with diet and exercise. This product is called? A. Cycloset B. Parlodel C. Navane D. Stalevo E. L- Dopa 12. Chlorpropamide (Diabinese) is a 1 st generation sulfonylurea, which makes it a secretagogue. What does secretagogue mean? A. It stimulates the pancreas to secrete glucagon B. It causes muscle and fat cells to secrete insulin C. It stimulates the pancreas to secrete insulin D. It prevents the pancreas from releasing insulin E. It inhibits secreted insulin from binding to its receptor 13. Chlorpropamide (Diabinese) is a(n)? antihyperglycemic drug used as an adjunct to diet and exercise to treat A. None of the given answers is correct B. Oral /DMT2 C. Oral /DMT1 D. Oral /Diabetes insipidus E. Parenteral /DMT1 and some cases of DMT2 14. Exogenous? is associated with the release of catecholamines. A. DDP4 inhibitors B. Glucagon C. Acarbose D. Insulin E. GLP- 1 agonists

3 Endo 2 SLO Practice (online) Page 3 of Glucagon (Glucagen) is a(n)? drug used to treat A. Oral /DMT1 B. Oral/DMT2 C. Parenteral/Hyperglycemia D. Parenteral/Hypoglycemia E. Parenteral/Diabetes insipidus 16. Glucagon (Glucagen) replaces a naturally occurring hormone that acts to? A. Increase insulin sensitivity B. Reduce blood glucose levels C. Elevate blood glucose levels D. Increase glucose uptake by muscle and fat cells E. Stimulate fatty acid synthesis 17. Glyburide (Micronase) is a 2 nd generation sulfonylurea which means you must have a functioning A. Pancreas B. Gall bladder C. Kidney D. Liver E. Lung 18. Glyburide (Micronase) is a(n)? antihyperglycemic drug used as an adjunct to diet and exercise to treat A. Oral /Diabetes insipidus B. Oral /DMT2 C. Parenteral /DMT1 and some cases of DMT2 D. Oral /DMT1 E. Oral/any form of diabetes 19. Insulin and glucagon are given? to avoid total losses due to 1 st pass: A. Rectally B. Sublingually C. Parenterally D. Topically E. Transdermally 20. Insulin may cause? A. Cancer B. Hyperglycemia C. Lactic acidosis D. Pancreatitis E. Hypoglycemia 21. Lactic acidosis may be fatal in patients with poor renal function taking A. DDP4 inhibitors B. Metformin C. Sulfonylureas D. Insulin E. GLP- 1 agonists

4 Endo 2 SLO Practice (online) Page 4 of Liraglutide (Victoza) acts by? A. Blocking hepatic gluconeogenesis B. Mimicking incretins C. Stimulating the pancreas to release more insulin D. Preventing the breakdown of incretins E. Preventing the digestion and absorption of carbohydrates 23. Liraglutide (Victoza) is a(n)? antihyperglycemic drug used as an adjunct to diet and exercise to treat A. Oral /Diabetes insipidus B. Parenteral /DMT2 C. Parenteral/Diabetes insipidus D. Oral /DMT2 E. Oral /DMT1 24. Liraglutide, a?, may be associated with thyroid cancer. A. Metformin B. Sulfonylureas C. DDP4 inhibitors D. GLP- 1 agonists E. Human insulin 25. Metformin (Glucophage) is a nonsulfonylurea with a unique mechanism. It is believed to work by: A. Inhibiting an enzyme that breaks down incretins B. Preventing the digestion and absorption of carbohydrates C. Stimulating the pancreas to release insulin D. Mimicking incretins E. Blocking hepatic gluconeogenesis 26. Patients with pre- existing congestive heart failure have a higher risk of death if taking These drugs are also associated with weight gain, edema and hypoglycemia. A. Sulfonylureas B. Insulin C. GLP- 1 agonists D. PPAR gamma agonists E. Metformin 27. Pioglitazone (Actos) is a PPAR agonist used in combo with insulin or sulfonylurea to treat DMT2. It acts to? by triggering synthesis of factors involved in glucose and lipid metabolism. A. Cause insulin resistance B. It has no effect on insulin resistance C. Increase insulin resistance D. Decrease insulin resistance E. Eliminate insulin resistance 28. Pioglitazone (Actos) is a(n)? antihyperglycemic drug used as an adjunct to diet and exercise to treat? A. Oral /DMT1 B. Parenteral/hypoglycemia C. Oral /DMT2 D. Parenteral /DMT1 and some cases of DMT2 E. Oral /Diabetes insipidus

5 Endo 2 SLO Practice (online) Page 5 of Sitagliptin (Januvia) is a DPP4 inhibitor that acts to? A. Prevent the digestion and absorption of carbohydrates B. Block hepatic gluconeogenesis C. Stimulate the pancreas to release more insulin D. Prevent the breakdown of incretins E. Mimic incretins 30. Sitagliptin (Januvia) is a(n)? antihyperglycemic drug used as an adjunct to diet and exercise to treat A. Parenteral/ Hypoglycemia B. Parenteral /DMT1 and some cases of DMT2 C. Oral /DMT2 D. Oral /DMT1 E. Oral /Diabetes insipidus 31. The blood glucose lowering effects of Metformin are antagonized by A. Isoniazid or INH B. Corticosteroids, including glucocorticoids like prednisone C. Estrogens, including birth control pills D. Thiazide diuretics E. All the listed answers are correct 32. The normal effect of insulin binding is that blood glucose A. Plummets, leading to hypoglycemia B. Is maintained at one level C. Goes down D. Insulin has none of these effects E. Rises, leading to hyperglycemia 33. The severe side effects of weight gain, severe hypoglycemia and increased risk of cardiovascular death including heart attack are associated with A. GLP- 1 agonists B. Insulin C. DDP4 inhibitors D. Sulfonylureas E. Metformin 34. The type of diabetes associated with a lack of ADH is called A. Gestational diabetes B. Diabetes insipidus C. Diabetes mellitus type 2 D. Diabetes mellitus type 1 E. Cystic fibrosis diabetes 35. The type of diabetes commonly called Adult onset is related to insulin resistance and is also called A. Diabetes mellitus type 2 B. Cystic fibrosis diabetes C. Gestational diabetes D. Diabetes mellitus type 1 E. Diabetes insipidus

6 Endo 2 SLO Practice (online) Page 6 of The type of diabetes known as Juvenile onset is related to a failure of the pancreas to produce insulin and is also known as A. Diabetes mellitus type 1 B. Diabetes mellitus type 2 C. Diabetes insipidus D. Cystic fibrosis diabetes E. Gestational diabetes 37. Type of diabetes associated with pregnancy is called? A. Diabetes insipidus B. Diabetes mellitus type 1 C. Diabetes mellitus type 2 D. Cystic fibrosis diabetes E. Gestational diabetes 38. Which drug requires a functioning pancreas and so cannot be used in DMT1? A. Acarbose (Precose) B. Neutral Protamine Hagedorn insulin C. Regular (Humulin) insulin D. Metformin (Glucophage) E. Glyburide (Micronase) 39. Which drug requires functional kidneys to minimize the risk of lactic acidosis? A. Glyburide B. Metformin C. Insulin Lispro D. Chlorpropamide E. Insulin Aspart 40. Which drug requires insulin to be present, so requires either a functioning pancreas or is given as an adjunct to insulin? A. Pioglitazone (Actos) B. Liraglutide (Victoza) C. Glucagon (Glucagen) D. Insulin Lispro E. Sitagliptin (Januvia) 41. Which of the following are symptoms of HYPERglycemia? A. Lethargy, pin point pupils and respiratory depression B. Sweating, tremors and hunger C. Constipation, dry skin, tremors, dilated pupils D. Dry skin, dry mouth and thirst E. SJS, hypokalemia, kidney failure 42. Which of the following are symptoms of HYPOglycemia? A. Constipation, dry skin, tremors, dilated pupils B. Dry skin, dry mouth and thirst C. Lethargy, pin point pupils and respiratory depression D. SJS, hypokalemia, kidney failure E. Sweating, tremors and hunger

7 Endo 2 SLO Practice (online) Page 7 of Insulin is used to treat A. Only DMT1, never DMT2 B. All forms of diabetes C. Diabetes insipidus only D. Only DMT2, never DMT1 E. DMT1 and some cases of DMT2 44. Metformin (Glucophage) is a(n)? antihyperglycemic drug indicated as an adjunct to diet and exercise to treat A. Oral /DMT2 B. Parenteral /DMT1 and some cases of DMT2 C. Oral /DMT1 D. Oral /Diabetes insipidus E. Parenteral/any form of diabetes