Human Physiology - Problem Drill 17: The Kidneys and Nephronal Physiology

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Human Physiology - Problem Drill 17: The Kidneys and Nephronal Physiology"

Transcription

1 Human Physiology - Problem Drill 17: The Kidneys and Nephronal Physiology Question No. 1 of 10 Instructions: (1) Read the problem statement and answer choices carefully, (2) Work the problems on paper as 1. This structure surrounds the glomerular capillary and captures the filtrate. Question #01 (A) Distal tubule. (B) Afferent arteriole. (C) Bowman s capsule. (D) Proximal tubule. (E) Loop of Henle. Bowman s capsule is the structure which surrounds the glomerular capillary. The afferent arteriole is the vessel which leads into the glomerular capillary. The afferent arteriole does not capture the filtrate. C. Correct! Bowman s capsule is the membrane structure which surrounds the glomerular capillary and captures the filtrate. The proximal tubule does not surround the glomerulus. The Loop of Henle joins the proximal and distal tubules. It does not surround the glomerular capillary. Remember Bowman s capsule is the structure which surrounds the glomerular capillary and captures the fluid filtered from the glomerulus. Fluid then travels from Bowman s capsule to the proximal tubule of the nephron. The correct answer is (C).

2 Question No. 2 of 10 Instructions: (1) Read the problem statement and answer choices carefully, (2) Work the problems on paper as 2. Which of the following processes results in substances moving from the tubule into the blood? Question #02 (A) Filtration (B) Secretion (C) Excretion (D) Elimination (E) Reabsorption Filtration occurs in the glomerulus where substances are filtered from the blood into the nephron. Secretion involves moving substances from the blood into the tubule. Excretion is the process of eliminating urine from the body. Elimination is the removal of urine from the body. E. Correct! Reabsorption is the process by which important substances are removed from the tubule and returned to circulation. Remember that reabsorption occurs for approximately 99% of what is filtered. The kidneys filter 180 L/day, whereas urine output is only 1-2 L/day. The process of reabsorption moves substances from the tubule into the blood, so that they do not appear in the urine. The correct answer is (E).

3 Question No. 3 of 10 Instructions: (1) Read the problem and answer choices carefully, (2) Work the problems on paper as 3. Which hormone inserts water pores into the collecting duct to reduce urine volume? Question #03 (A) anti-diuretic hormone (ADH) (B) aldosterone (C) atrial natriuretic hormone (D) estrogen (E) cortisol A. Correct! Anti-diuretic hormone reduces urine volume by inserting water channels in the collecting ducts, leading to an increase in water reabsorption. Aldosterone does not insert water channels in the collecting ducts. Answer Atrial natiuretic hormone decreased water reabsorption and increases urine volume. Estrogen does not alter renal functioning. Cortisol does not alter renal functioning. Anti-diuretic hormone (ADH), as the name implies, reduces urine output. ADH does this by inserting water channels into the collecting duct, which is normally impermeable to water. The presence of the water channels allows water to leave the collecting duct and be reabsorbed, thus reducing water content in the urine. The correct answer is (A).

4 Question No. 4 of Which of the following substance should not appear in urine? Question #04 (A) Sodium (B) Water (C) Blood cells (D) Potassium (E) Hydrogen ions Not all sodium that is filtered is reabsorbed, so some sodium always appears in the urine. Over 90% of urine is water. C. Correct! Blood cells are too large to pass through the glomerular filter, so they do not appear in urine. Potassium is filtered at the glomerulus, but not all potassium is reabsorbed, so potassium appears in the urine. Hydrogen ions appear in the urine, often as a means of decreasing acidity of the blood. Remember to appear in the urine, a substance must first pass through the glomerular capillary into the nephron. Blood cells and proteins are too large to pass through the glomerular filter, so they should not appear in the urine. The correct answer is (C).

5 Question No. 5 of Which of the following is not a test of kidney function? Question #05 (A) Plasma clearance test. (B) Blood urea nitrogen levels. (C) Glomerular filtration rate. (D) Urinalysis (E) All of the above are kidney function tests. Plasma clearance test do assess kidney function by determining how quickly substances are removed or cleared from the urine. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels are measured to determine how well the kidneys are removing the waste product urea from the blood. Glomerular filtration rate is a test used to determine how well the blood is being filtered. Urinalysis is a commonly performed test in which urine is examined for the following contents: ph level, blood cell, immune cells, electrolyte levels, and glucose. E. Correct! Selections A-D all tests of kidney function. Remember the kidney function can be examined in a number of ways. Plasma clearance and blood urea nitrogen levels tests examine the kidney s ability to remove substances from the plasma. Glomerular filtration rate tests assess how quickly the blood is filtered, and urinalysis examines a number of factors in urine. The correct answer is (E).

6 Question No. 6 of 10 Instructions: (1) Read the problem statement and answer choices carefully, (2) Work the problems on paper as 6. Which segment of the nephron completes the most reabsorption? Question #06 (A) Collecting duct. (B) Distal tubule. (C) Descending limb of the Loop of Henle. (D) Proximal tubule. (E) Ascending limb of the Loop of Henle. Collecting ducts do very little reabsorption except for when ADH is present, and then water is reabsorbed. The distal tubule completes very little reabsorption except for when the hormones ADH and aldosterone are present. The descending limb of the Loop of Henle reabsorbs some water, but not the majority of substances. D. Correct! The proximal tubule is the primary segment for reabsorption. The ascending limb of the Loop of Henle completes only a small amount of reabsorption. It is the first segment of the nephron, the proximal tubule, which completes the majority of reabsorption. Sixty-five to seventy percent of the sodium and water are reabsorbed, 100% of the glucose, and approximately 100% of amino acids are reabsorbed by this segment. A large portion of electrolytes and minerals are also reabsorbed here. The correct answer is (D).

7 Question No. 7 of What happens when tubular maximum for glucose is exceeded? Question #07 (A) The kidneys stop functioning. (B) Glucose appears in the urine. (C) No sign is present when glucose levels exceed the tubular maximum. (D) Filtration of glucose is prohibited. (E) All glucose is cleared from plasma. The kidneys will continue to function, although more glucose is filtered and appears in the urine. B. Correct! When tubular maximum is exceeded, all the glucose cannot be reabsorbed and glucose appears in the urine. A sign for glucose exceeding the tubular maximum is the presence of glucose in the urine. Because blood glucose is elevated, more, not less, glucose is filtered. This results in the tubular maximum being exceeded. Glucose levels exceeding the tubular maximum are indicative of elevated plasma glucose levels. All glucose is therefore not cleared from the plasma. Tubular maximum refers to the maximum level at which the nephron can transport a substance. In this case, tubular maximum refers to the level of glucose that can be reabsorbed by the proximal tubule. If tubular maximum is exceeded, not all of the glucose can be reabsorbed as normal, and glucose appears in the urine. The correct answer is (B).

8 Question No. 8 of Which structures transport urine from the kidney to the bladder? Question #08 (A) ureters (B) urethra (C) calyx (D) nephron (E) renal pyramid A. Correct! The ureters are hollow muscular tubes which transport urine from the kidney to the bladder. The urethra is a tube leading from the bladder to the external surface of the body. The calyx gathers fluid from the collecting duct and then drains into the renal pelvis. The nephron is the site of urine formation, not transport to the bladder. The renal pyramids contain nephrons and do not transport fluid from the kidney. Remember that a ureter leads from each kidney to the bladder. These tube-like structures transport fluid from the kidney for storage in the bladder. The correct answer is (A).

9 Question No. 9 of What process is micturition? Question #09 (A) Filtration at the nephron. (B) Movement of substance from the blood to the nephron. (C) Storage of urine in the bladder. (D) Elimination of urine from the body. (E) Movement of substance from the nephron to the blood. Micturition is the elimination of urine from the body. Movement of a substance from the blood to the nephron is secretion, not the micturition reflex. Micturition is the elimination of urine from the body. D. Correct! Micturition is the elimination of urine from the body. Movement of a substance from the nephron to the blood is reabsorption, not micturition. Micturition is the reflex regulating urine elimination from the body. This reflex controls the sensory receptors in the bladder and regulation of the internal sphincter of the bladder. The correct answer is (D).

10 Question No. 10 of What percentage of filtrate is reabsorbed? Question #10 (A) Less than 1 percent. (B) percent. (C) 50 percent. (D) Approximately 70%. (E) At least 99%. Approximately 99% of the filtrate is reabsorbed by the nephron. Approximately 99% of the filtrate is reabsorbed by the nephron. Approximately 99% of the filtrate is reabsorbed by the nephron. Approximately 99% of the filtrate is reabsorbed by the nephron. E. Correct! Approximately 99% of the filtrate is reabsorbed by the nephron. A large volume of fluid is filtered by the glomeruli every day, almost 180 L/day. Only 1-2 L of this fluid becomes urine, therefore almost 99% of what is filtered is reabsorbed by the nephron. The correct answer is (E).

Nephron Function and Urine Formation. Ms. Kula December 1, 2014 Biology 30S

Nephron Function and Urine Formation. Ms. Kula December 1, 2014 Biology 30S Nephron Function and Urine Formation Ms. Kula December 1, 2014 Biology 30S The Role of the Nephron In order for the body to properly function and maintain homeostasis, the amount of dissolved substances

More information

Anatomy/Physiology Study Guide: Unit 9 Excretory System

Anatomy/Physiology Study Guide: Unit 9 Excretory System Anatomy/Physiology Study Guide: Unit 9 Excretory System 1) In the space below, list the primary structures (organs) and their corresponding functions. Structures: Functions: KIDNEY 1) URETER BLADDER URETHRA

More information

Urinary System and Fluid Balance. Urine Production

Urinary System and Fluid Balance. Urine Production Urinary System and Fluid Balance Name Pd Date Urine Production The three processes critical to the formation of urine are filtration, reabsorption, and secretion. Match these terms with the correct statement

More information

Human Urogenital System 26-1

Human Urogenital System 26-1 Human Urogenital System 26-1 Urogenital System Functions Filtering of blood, Removal of wastes and metabolites Regulation of blood volume and composition concentration of blood solutes ph of extracellular

More information

Urinary System Organization. Urinary System Organization. The Kidneys. The Components of the Urinary System

Urinary System Organization. Urinary System Organization. The Kidneys. The Components of the Urinary System Urinary System Organization The Golden Rule: The Job of The Urinary System is to Maintain the Composition and Volume of ECF remember this & all else will fall in place! Functions of the Urinary System

More information

The Excretory System. Biology 20

The Excretory System. Biology 20 The Excretory System Biology 20 Introduction Follow along on page 376 What dangers exist if your body is unable to regulate the fluid balance of your tissues? What challenged would the body have to respond

More information

NOTES: CH 44 Regulating the Internal Environment (Homeostasis & The Urinary System)

NOTES: CH 44 Regulating the Internal Environment (Homeostasis & The Urinary System) NOTES: CH 44 Regulating the Internal Environment (Homeostasis & The Urinary System) HOMEOSTASIS **Recall HOMEOSTASIS is the steady-state physiological condition of the body. It includes: 1) Thermoregulation:

More information

Unit #4 Waste and Excretion. The Kidneys

Unit #4 Waste and Excretion. The Kidneys Unit #4 Waste and Excretion The Kidneys Renal Hilus (Hilus) the doorway of the kidney Ureter leaves this region blood and lymphatic vessels enter and exit here Renal Capsule (Capsule) smooth fibrous tissue

More information

PARTS OF THE URINARY SYSTEM

PARTS OF THE URINARY SYSTEM EXCRETORY SYSTEM Excretory System How does the excretory system maintain homeostasis? It regulates heat, water, salt, acid-base concentrations and metabolite concentrations 1 ORGANS OF EXCRETION Skin and

More information

Renal System and Excretion

Renal System and Excretion Renal System and Excretion Biology 105 Lecture 19 Chapter 16 Outline Renal System I. Functions II. Organs of the renal system III. Kidneys 1. Structure 2. Function IV. Nephron 1. Structure 2. Function

More information

Outline Urinary System

Outline Urinary System Urinary System and Excretion Bio105 Lecture Packet 20 Chapter 16 Outline Urinary System I. Function II. Organs of the urinary system A. Kidneys 1. Function 2. Structure B. Urine formation 1. Hormonal regulation

More information

2) This is a Point and Click question. You must click on the required structure.

2) This is a Point and Click question. You must click on the required structure. Class: A&P2-1 Description: Test: Excretory Test Points: 144 Test Number: 28379 Printed: 31-March-10 12:03 1) This is a Point and Click question. You must click on the required structure. Click on the Bowman's

More information

Urinary System and Excretion. Bio105 Lecture 20 Chapter 16

Urinary System and Excretion. Bio105 Lecture 20 Chapter 16 Urinary System and Excretion Bio105 Lecture 20 Chapter 16 1 Outline Urinary System I. Function II. Organs of the urinary system A. Kidneys 1. Function 2. Structure III. Disorders of the urinary system

More information

P215 Spring 2018: Renal Physiology Chapter 18: pp , Chapter 19: pp ,

P215 Spring 2018: Renal Physiology Chapter 18: pp , Chapter 19: pp , P215 Spring 2018: Renal Physiology Chapter 18: pp. 504-520, 525-527 Chapter 19: pp. 532-548, 553-560 I. Main Components of the Renal System 1. kidneys 2. ureters 3. urinary bladder 4. urethra 4 Major Functions

More information

Sunday, July 17, 2011 URINARY SYSTEM

Sunday, July 17, 2011 URINARY SYSTEM URINARY SYSTEM URINARY SYSTEM Let s take a look at the anatomy first! KIDNEYS: are complex reprocessing centers where blood is filtered through and waste products are removed. Wastes and extra water become

More information

CONTROLLING THE INTERNAL ENVIRONMENT

CONTROLLING THE INTERNAL ENVIRONMENT AP BIOLOGY ANIMAL FORM & FUNCTION ACTIVITY #5 NAME DATE HOUR CONTROLLING THE INTERNAL ENVIRONMENT KIDNEY AND NEPHRON NEPHRON FUNCTIONS Animal Form & Function Activity #5 page 1 NEPHRON STRUCTURE NEPHRON

More information

April 08, biology 2201 ch 11.3 excretion.notebook. Biology The Excretory System. Apr 13 9:14 PM EXCRETORY SYSTEM.

April 08, biology 2201 ch 11.3 excretion.notebook. Biology The Excretory System. Apr 13 9:14 PM EXCRETORY SYSTEM. Biology 2201 11.3 The Excretory System EXCRETORY SYSTEM 1 Excretory System How does the excretory system maintain homeostasis? It regulates heat, water, salt, acid base concentrations and metabolite concentrations

More information

Nephrology - the study of the kidney. Urology - branch of medicine dealing with the male and female urinary systems and the male reproductive system

Nephrology - the study of the kidney. Urology - branch of medicine dealing with the male and female urinary systems and the male reproductive system Urinary System Nephrology - the study of the kidney Urology - branch of medicine dealing with the male and female urinary systems and the male reproductive system Functions of the Urinary System 1. Regulation

More information

Urinary System. consists of the kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder and urethra

Urinary System. consists of the kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder and urethra Urinary System 1 Urinary System consists of the kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder and urethra 2 Location of Kidneys The kidneys which are positioned retroperitoneally lie on either side of the vertebral

More information

Fifth Year Biology. Excretion. Miss Rochford

Fifth Year Biology. Excretion. Miss Rochford Fifth Year Biology Excretion Miss Rochford In this Topic Excretion in plants Excretion and homeostasis Skin Organs of excretion Urinary system Kidneys Nephron Control of urine volume Characteristics of

More information

5.Which part of the nephron removes water, ions and nutrients from the blood?

5.Which part of the nephron removes water, ions and nutrients from the blood? Uro question 1.While reading a blood test I notice a high level of creatinine, I could assume from this that A) There is a possibility of a UTI B) There is a possibility of diabetes C) There is a possibility

More information

Use the following diagram to answer the next question. 1. In the diagram above, pressure filtration occurs in a. W b. X c. Y d. Z

Use the following diagram to answer the next question. 1. In the diagram above, pressure filtration occurs in a. W b. X c. Y d. Z Part A: Multiple Choice Questions Value: 32 Marks Suggested time: 40 minutes Instructions: For each question select the best answer and record your choice on the Scantron card provided. Using an HB pencil,

More information

1. Urinary System, General

1. Urinary System, General S T U D Y G U I D E 16 1. Urinary System, General a. Label the figure by placing the numbers of the structures in the spaces by the correct labels. 7 Aorta 6 Kidney 8 Ureter 2 Inferior vena cava 4 Renal

More information

BCH 450 Biochemistry of Specialized Tissues

BCH 450 Biochemistry of Specialized Tissues BCH 450 Biochemistry of Specialized Tissues VII. Renal Structure, Function & Regulation Kidney Function 1. Regulate Extracellular fluid (ECF) (plasma and interstitial fluid) through formation of urine.

More information

Urinary System BIO 250. Waste Products of Metabolism Urea Carbon dioxide Inorganic salts Water Heat. Routes of Waste Elimination

Urinary System BIO 250. Waste Products of Metabolism Urea Carbon dioxide Inorganic salts Water Heat. Routes of Waste Elimination Urinary System BIO 250 Waste Products of Metabolism Urea Carbon dioxide Inorganic salts Water Heat Routes of Waste Elimination Skin: Variable amounts of heat, salts, and water; small amounts of urea and

More information

Human Anatomy and Physiology - Problem Drill 23: The Urinary System, Fluid, Electrolyte and Acid-Base Balance

Human Anatomy and Physiology - Problem Drill 23: The Urinary System, Fluid, Electrolyte and Acid-Base Balance Human Anatomy and Physiology - Problem Drill 23: The Urinary System, Fluid, Electrolyte and Acid-Base Balance Question No. 1 of 10 Which of the following statements about the functions of the urinary system

More information

A&P 2 CANALE T H E U R I N A R Y S Y S T E M

A&P 2 CANALE T H E U R I N A R Y S Y S T E M A&P 2 CANALE T H E U R I N A R Y S Y S T E M URINARY SYSTEM CONTRIBUTION TO HOMEOSTASIS Regulates body water levels Excess water taken in is excreted Output varies from 2-1/2 liter/day to 1 liter/hour

More information

A. Correct! Flushing acids from the system will assist in re-establishing the acid-base equilibrium in the blood.

A. Correct! Flushing acids from the system will assist in re-establishing the acid-base equilibrium in the blood. OAT Biology - Problem Drill 16: The Urinary System Question No. 1 of 10 1. Which of the following would solve a drop in blood ph? Question #01 (A) Decreased retention of acids. (B) Increased excretion

More information

A. Incorrect! The urinary system is involved in the regulation of blood ph. B. Correct! The urinary system is involved in the synthesis of vitamin D.

A. Incorrect! The urinary system is involved in the regulation of blood ph. B. Correct! The urinary system is involved in the synthesis of vitamin D. Human Anatomy - Problem Drill 22: The Urinary System Question No. 1 of 10 1. Which of the following statements about the functions of the urinary system is not correct? Question #01 (A) The urinary system

More information

organs of the urinary system

organs of the urinary system organs of the urinary system Kidneys (2) bean-shaped, fist-sized organ where urine is formed. Lie on either sides of the vertebral column, in a depression beneath peritoneum and protected by lower ribs

More information

Urinary System. Chapter 17 7/19/11. Introduction

Urinary System. Chapter 17 7/19/11. Introduction 7/19/11 Chapter 17 Urinary System Introduction A. The urinary system consists of two kidneys that filter the blood, two ureters, a urinary bladder, and a urethra to convey waste substances to the outside.

More information

Functions of the Urinary System

Functions of the Urinary System The Urinary System Functions of the Urinary System Elimination of waste products Nitrogenous wastes Toxins Drugs Regulate aspects of homeostasis Water balance Electrolytes Acid-base balance in the blood

More information

Excretory System 1. a)label the parts indicated above and give one function for structures Y and Z

Excretory System 1. a)label the parts indicated above and give one function for structures Y and Z Excretory System 1 1. Excretory System a)label the parts indicated above and give one function for structures Y and Z W- X- Y- Z- b) Which of the following is not a function of the organ shown? A. to produce

More information

Chapter 17: Urinary System

Chapter 17: Urinary System Introduction Chapter 17: Urinary System Organs of the Urinary System REFERENCE FIGURE 17.1 2 kidneys filters the blood 2 ureters transport urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder Urinary bladder

More information

RNPDC CCNP Anatomy and Physiology: Renal System Pre-Quiz 2015

RNPDC CCNP Anatomy and Physiology: Renal System Pre-Quiz 2015 RNPDC CCNP Anatomy and Physiology: Renal System Pre-Quiz 2015 1. In which abdominal cavity do the kidneys lie? a) Peritoneum. b) Anteperitoneal. c) Retroperitoneal. d) Parietal peritoneal 2. What is the

More information

Vertebrates possess kidneys: internal organs which are vital to ion and water balance and excretion.

Vertebrates possess kidneys: internal organs which are vital to ion and water balance and excretion. The Kidney Vertebrates possess kidneys: internal organs which are vital to ion and water balance and excretion. The kidney has 6 roles in the maintenance of homeostasis. 6 Main Functions 1. Ion Balance

More information

Outline Urinary System. Urinary System and Excretion. Urine. Urinary System. I. Function II. Organs of the urinary system

Outline Urinary System. Urinary System and Excretion. Urine. Urinary System. I. Function II. Organs of the urinary system Outline Urinary System Urinary System and Excretion Bio105 Chapter 16 Renal will be on the Final only. I. Function II. Organs of the urinary system A. Kidneys 1. Function 2. Structure III. Disorders of

More information

1. a)label the parts indicated above and give one function for structures Y and Z

1. a)label the parts indicated above and give one function for structures Y and Z Excretory System 1 1. Excretory System a)label the parts indicated above and give one function for structures Y and Z W- renal cortex - X- renal medulla Y- renal pelvis collecting center of urine and then

More information

Urinary Physiology. Chapter 17 Outline. Kidney Function. Chapter 17

Urinary Physiology. Chapter 17 Outline. Kidney Function. Chapter 17 Urinary Physiology Chapter 17 Chapter 17 Outline Structure and Function of the Kidney Glomerular Filtration Reabsorption of Salt and Water Renal Plasma Clearance Renal Control of Electrolyte and Acid-Base

More information

Nephron Structure inside Kidney:

Nephron Structure inside Kidney: In-Depth on Kidney Nephron Structure inside Kidney: - Each nephron has two capillary regions in close proximity to the nephron tubule, the first capillary bed for fluid exchange is called the glomerulus,

More information

Chapter 26: Urinary System By: Eddie Tribiana and Piers Frieden

Chapter 26: Urinary System By: Eddie Tribiana and Piers Frieden Chapter 26: Urinary System By: Eddie Tribiana and Piers Frieden The urinary system is important because it performs vital excretory functions Takes blood from renal arteries into the kidney to filtrate

More information

describe the location of the kidneys relative to the vertebral column:

describe the location of the kidneys relative to the vertebral column: Basic A & P II Dr. L. Bacha Chapter Outline (Martini & Nath 2010) list the three major functions of the urinary system: by examining Fig. 24-1, list the organs of the urinary system: describe the location

More information

AP2, Lab 7 - THE URINARY SYSTEM

AP2, Lab 7 - THE URINARY SYSTEM AP2, Lab 7 - THE URINARY SYSTEM I. SYSTEM COMPONENTS (Figs. 25.1 25.4) KIDNEYS Each kidney contains approx. 1,000,000 tubular NEPHRONS which produce FILTRATE from the plasma and then add to or take from

More information

November 30, 2016 & URINE FORMATION

November 30, 2016 & URINE FORMATION & URINE FORMATION REVIEW! Urinary/Renal System 200 litres of blood are filtered daily by the kidneys Usable material: reabsorbed back into blood Waste: drained into the bladder away from the heart to the

More information

1. remove: waste products: urea, creatinine, and uric acid foreign chemicals: drugs, water soluble vitamins, and food additives, etc.

1. remove: waste products: urea, creatinine, and uric acid foreign chemicals: drugs, water soluble vitamins, and food additives, etc. Making Water! OR is it really Just Water Just Ask the Nephron!! Author: Patricia L. Ostlund ostlundp@faytechcc.edu (910) 678-9892 Fayetteville Technical Community College Fayetteville, NC 28303 Its just

More information

014 Chapter 14 Created: 9:25:14 PM CST

014 Chapter 14 Created: 9:25:14 PM CST 014 Chapter 14 Created: 9:25:14 PM CST Student: 1. Functions of the kidneys include A. the regulation of body salt and water balance. B. hydrogen ion homeostasis. C. the regulation of blood glucose concentration.

More information

PHGY210 Renal Physiology

PHGY210 Renal Physiology PHGY210 Renal Physiology Tomoko Takano, MD, PhD *Associate Professor of Medicine and Physiology McGill University *Nephrologist, McGill University Health Centre Lecture plan Lecture 1: Anatomy, basics

More information

Osmoregulation and Excretion

Osmoregulation and Excretion Animal Life and Excretion Harder for multicellular organisms Internal circulation Coordination, information transfer Structural maintenance Movement Maintenance of homeostatic internal environment 15 July

More information

BIOL2030 Human A & P II -- Exam 6

BIOL2030 Human A & P II -- Exam 6 BIOL2030 Human A & P II -- Exam 6 Name: 1. The kidney functions in A. preventing blood loss. C. synthesis of vitamin E. E. making ADH. B. white blood cell production. D. excretion of metabolic wastes.

More information

Chapter 32 Excretion

Chapter 32 Excretion Chapter 32 Excretion 3.4 Learning Objectives 3.4.6 The Excretory System in Humans 1. Role of the excretory system in homeostasis. 2. Importance of temperature regulation within the body. 3. Outline the

More information

Urinary system. Lab-7

Urinary system. Lab-7 Urinary system Lab-7 Excretion: processes that remove wastes and excess materials from the body Urinary system (kidneys): excretes nitrogenous wastes, excess solutes, and water The Kidneys Regulate Water

More information

CHAPTER 25 URINARY. Urinary system. Kidneys 2 Ureters 2 Urinary Bladder 1 Urethra 1. functions

CHAPTER 25 URINARY. Urinary system. Kidneys 2 Ureters 2 Urinary Bladder 1 Urethra 1. functions CHAPTER 25 URINARY Kidneys 2 Ureters 2 Urinary Bladder 1 Urethra 1 fluid waste elimination secretion of wastes control blood volume and BP control blood ph electrolyte levels RBC levels hormone production

More information

Question 1: Solution 1: Question 2: Question 3: Question 4: Class X The Excretory System Biology

Question 1: Solution 1: Question 2: Question 3: Question 4: Class X The Excretory System Biology A. MULTIPLE CHOICE TYPE: (select the most appropriate option in each case) Book Name: Selina Concise Question 1: Excretion primarily involves (a) removal of all byproducts during catabolism (b) removal

More information

SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.

SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question. Exam Name SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question. Figure 25.1 Using Figure 25.1, match the following: 1) Glomerulus. 2) Afferent arteriole. 3)

More information

URINARY SYSTEM. Urinary System

URINARY SYSTEM. Urinary System URINARY SYSTEM Urinary System Kidney Functions Excretion Regulation of blood volume and pressure Regulation of electrolyte and ph levels Kidney Structure Gross Anatomy Fibrous Capsule Renal Cortex Renal

More information

Osmoregulation and the Excretory System

Osmoregulation and the Excretory System Honors Biology Study Guide Chapter 25.4 25.10 Name Osmoregulation and the Excretory System FUNCTIONS OF THE EXCRETORY SYSTEM OSMOREGULATION Freshwater: Marine: Land Animals: Sources of Nitrogenous Wastes?

More information

The Urinary System PART A

The Urinary System PART A 15 The Urinary System PART A PowerPoint Lecture Slide Presentation by Jerry L. Cook, Sam Houston University ESSENTIALS OF HUMAN ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY EIGHTH EDITION ELAINE N. MARIEB Functions of the Urinary

More information

The Urinary System. Medical Assisting Third Edition. Booth, Whicker, Wyman, Pugh, Thompson The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

The Urinary System. Medical Assisting Third Edition. Booth, Whicker, Wyman, Pugh, Thompson The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved The Urinary System PowerPoint presentation to accompany: Medical Assisting Third Edition Booth, Whicker, Wyman, Pugh, Thompson 30-2 Learning Outcomes 30.1 Describe the structure, location, and functions

More information

Structures of the Excretory System include: ü Skin ü Lung ü Liver ü Kidneys ü Ureter ü Urinary Bladder ü Urethra

Structures of the Excretory System include: ü Skin ü Lung ü Liver ü Kidneys ü Ureter ü Urinary Bladder ü Urethra Excretory System Structures of the Excretory System include: ü Skin ü Lung ü Liver ü Kidneys ü Ureter ü Urinary Bladder ü Urethra Function of the Excretory System The function of the excretory system is

More information

The Urinary System 15PART A. PowerPoint Lecture Slide Presentation by Patty Bostwick-Taylor, Florence-Darlington Technical College

The Urinary System 15PART A. PowerPoint Lecture Slide Presentation by Patty Bostwick-Taylor, Florence-Darlington Technical College PowerPoint Lecture Slide Presentation by Patty Bostwick-Taylor, Florence-Darlington Technical College The Urinary System 15PART A Functions of the Urinary System Elimination of waste products Nitrogenous

More information

Biology Slide 1 of 36

Biology Slide 1 of 36 Biology 1 of 36 38 3 The Excretory System 2 of 36 Functions of the Excretory System 1.Function: process which eliminates metabolic wastes 3 of 36 Functions of the Excretory System (The skin excretes excess

More information

Class XI Chapter 19 Excretory Products and their Elimination Biology

Class XI Chapter 19 Excretory Products and their Elimination Biology Class XI Chapter 19 Excretory Products and their Elimination Biology Question 1: Define Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) Glomerular filtration rate is the amount of glomerular filtrate formed in all the

More information

The principal functions of the kidneys

The principal functions of the kidneys Renal physiology The principal functions of the kidneys Formation and excretion of urine Excretion of waste products, drugs, and toxins Regulation of body water and mineral content of the body Maintenance

More information

EXCRETION IN HUMANS 31 JULY 2013

EXCRETION IN HUMANS 31 JULY 2013 EXCRETION IN HUMANS 31 JULY 2013 Lesson Description In this lesson we: Discuss organs of excretion Look at the structure of the urinary system Look at the structure and functioning of the kidney Discuss

More information

Excretion and Waste Management. Biology 30S - Miss Paslawski

Excretion and Waste Management. Biology 30S - Miss Paslawski Excretion and Waste Management Biology 30S - Miss Paslawski Lesson 1 Waste Products and Organs 2 3 Excretion Excretion: Process by which dissolved metabolic wastes are separated from body fluids and removed

More information

Urinary bladder provides a temporary storage reservoir for urine

Urinary bladder provides a temporary storage reservoir for urine Urinary System Organs Kidney Filters blood, allowing toxins, metabolic wastes, and excess ions to leave the body in urine Urinary bladder provides a temporary storage reservoir for urine Paired ureters

More information

Chapter 13 The Urinary System

Chapter 13 The Urinary System Biology 12 Name: Urinary System Per: Date: Chapter 13 The Urinary System Complete using BC Biology 12, page 408-435 13.1 The Urinary System pages 412-413 1. As the kidneys produce urine, they carry out

More information

The excretory system

The excretory system Key Words The excretory system haemoglobin Convoluted tubule Loop of Henle nephron ureter/-s sweat glands Bowman s capsule Glomerulus cholesterol Bladder Excretion is the removal of the waste products

More information

Excretory System. Biology 2201

Excretory System. Biology 2201 Excretory System Biology 2201 Excretory System How does the excretory system maintain homeostasis? It regulates: Body heat Water-salt concentrations Acid-base concentrations Metabolite concentrations ORGANS

More information

Excretory System. Excretory System

Excretory System. Excretory System Excretory System Biology 2201 Excretory System How does the excretory system maintain homeostasis? It regulates: Body heat Water-salt concentrations Acid-base concentrations Metabolite concentrations 1

More information

Chapter 12. Excretion and the Interaction of Systems

Chapter 12. Excretion and the Interaction of Systems Chapter 12 Excretion and the Interaction of Systems 1 2 Goals for This Chapter 1. Identify the main structures and functions of the human excretory system 2. Explain the function of the nephron 3. Describe

More information

BIOLOGY - CLUTCH CH.44 - OSMOREGULATION AND EXCRETION.

BIOLOGY - CLUTCH CH.44 - OSMOREGULATION AND EXCRETION. !! www.clutchprep.com Osmoregulation regulation of solute balance and water loss to maintain homeostasis of water content Excretion process of eliminating waste from the body, like nitrogenous waste Kidney

More information

Excretory Lecture Test Questions Set 1

Excretory Lecture Test Questions Set 1 Excretory Lecture Test Questions Set 1 1. The separation and ejection of metabolic wastes, usually in aqueous solution, is: a. reabsorption b. secretion c. filtration d. excretion e. endocrinology 2. Besides

More information

Excretion: is the removal of waste products formed by metabolism, out of the body

Excretion: is the removal of waste products formed by metabolism, out of the body Excretion in Humans Excretion: is the removal of waste products formed by metabolism, out of the body Accumulation of wastes in the cells would affect the normal functioning of the cells By getting rid

More information

EXCRETION QUESTIONS. Use the following information to answer the next two questions.

EXCRETION QUESTIONS. Use the following information to answer the next two questions. EXCRETION QUESTIONS Use the following information to answer the next two questions. 1. Filtration occurs at the area labeled A. V B. X C. Y D. Z 2. The antidiuretic hormone (vasopressin) acts on the area

More information

Lesson 14.1: Learning the Key Terms

Lesson 14.1: Learning the Key Terms 209 Lesson 14.1: Learning the Key Terms Directions: Place the letter of the best definition next to each key term. 1. collecting duct 2. distal convoluted tubule 3. glomerulus 4. nephron 5. nephron loop

More information

1. The Fibrous Capsule covers the outside of the kidney. It is made of fat and fibers.

1. The Fibrous Capsule covers the outside of the kidney. It is made of fat and fibers. Slide 2 The kidney has a number of functions. First is the excretion of toxic metabolic waste through urine production. The kidneys filter blood plasma and as a result of filtering blood, the kidneys help

More information

The Excretory System

The Excretory System The Excretory System The excretory system The excretory system includes the skin, lungs and kidneys which all release metabolic wastes from the body. The kidneys, skin and the lungs are the principle organs

More information

Chapter 25: Urinary System

Chapter 25: Urinary System Chapter 25: Urinary System I. Kidney anatomy: retroperitoneal from 12 th thoracic to 3 rd lumbar area A. External anatomy: hilus is the indentation 1. Adrenal gland: in the fat at the superior end of each

More information

The Urinary System. Copyright 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

The Urinary System. Copyright 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings The Urinary System Functions of the Urinary System Elimination of waste products Nitrogenous wastes Toxins Drugs Functions of the Urinary System Regulate aspects of homeostasis Water balance Electrolytes

More information

WHY DO WE NEED AN EXCRETORY SYSTEM? Function: To eliminate waste To maintain water and salt balance To maintain blood pressure

WHY DO WE NEED AN EXCRETORY SYSTEM? Function: To eliminate waste To maintain water and salt balance To maintain blood pressure EXCRETORY SYSTEM WHY DO WE NEED AN EXCRETORY SYSTEM? Function: To eliminate waste To maintain water and salt balance To maintain blood pressure These wastes include: Carbon dioxide Mostly through breathing

More information

General Anatomy of Urinary System

General Anatomy of Urinary System General Anatomy of Urinary System URINARY SYSTEM ORGANS Kidneys (2) Ureters (2) Urinary bladder Urethra KIDNEY FUNCTIONS Control blood volume and composition KIDNEY FUNCTIONS Filter blood plasma, eliminate

More information

One Minute Movies: Molecular Action at the Nephron Joy Killough / Westwood High School / Austin,TX

One Minute Movies: Molecular Action at the Nephron Joy Killough / Westwood High School / Austin,TX One Minute Movies: Molecular Action at the Nephron Joy Killough / Westwood High School / Austin,TX To prepare your nephron model: ( A nephron is a tubule and the glomerulus. There are about a million of

More information

Excretion Chapter 29. The Mammalian Excretory System consists of. The Kidney. The Nephron: the basic unit of the kidney.

Excretion Chapter 29. The Mammalian Excretory System consists of. The Kidney. The Nephron: the basic unit of the kidney. Excretion Chapter 29 The Mammalian Excretory System consists of The Kidney 1. Vertebrate kidneys perform A. Ion balance B. Osmotic balance C. Blood pressure D. ph balance E. Excretion F. Hormone production

More information

Homeostatic Regulation

Homeostatic Regulation Homeostatic Regulation A hormone is :a Water-soluble hormones: Composed of amino acids and bind a receptor protein on the of the target cell. This starts a signal cascade inside the cell and the signal

More information

Figure 26.1 An Introduction to the Urinary System

Figure 26.1 An Introduction to the Urinary System Chapter 26 Figure 26.1 An Introduction to the Urinary System Components of the Urinary System Kidney Produces urine Ureter Transports urine toward the urinary bladder Urinary Bladder Temporarily stores

More information

Chapter 10: Urinary System & Excretion

Chapter 10: Urinary System & Excretion Chapter 10: Urinary System & Excretion Organs of Urinary System Kidneys (2) form urine Ureters (2) Carry urine from kidneys to bladder Bladder Stores urine Urethra Carries urine from bladder to outside

More information

What is excretion? Excretion is the removal of metabolic waste from the body.

What is excretion? Excretion is the removal of metabolic waste from the body. Excretion What is excretion? Excretion is the removal of metabolic waste from the body. Excretion in Plants Plants produce very little waste products. Plants lose oxygen and water vapour through the stomata.

More information

Chapter 26 The Urinary System

Chapter 26 The Urinary System Chapter 26 The Urinary System Kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder & urethra Urine flows from each kidney, down its ureter to the bladder and to the outside via the urethra Filter the blood and return most

More information

Osmotic Regulation and the Urinary System. Chapter 50

Osmotic Regulation and the Urinary System. Chapter 50 Osmotic Regulation and the Urinary System Chapter 50 Challenge Questions Indicate the areas of the nephron that the following hormones target, and describe when and how the hormones elicit their actions.

More information

URINARY SYSTEM CHAPTER 28 I ANATOMY OF THE URINARY SYSTEM. Student Name

URINARY SYSTEM CHAPTER 28 I ANATOMY OF THE URINARY SYSTEM. Student Name Student Name CHAPTER 28 URINARY SYSTEM L iving produces wastes. Wherever people live or work or play, wastes accumulate. To keep these areas healthy, there must be a method of disposing of these wastes

More information

Nephron Anatomy Nephron Anatomy

Nephron Anatomy Nephron Anatomy Kidney Functions: (Eckert 14-17) Mammalian Kidney -Paired -1% body mass -20% blood flow (Eckert 14-17) -Osmoregulation -Blood volume regulation -Maintain proper ion concentrations -Dispose of metabolic

More information

EXCRETORY SYSTEM E. F. G. H.

EXCRETORY SYSTEM E. F. G. H. XRTORY SYSTM 1. Label the following parts of the nephron in the diagram below:..... F. G. H. I. J. K. L. 2. Identify the following as either True or False: There is a greater osmotic concentration in the

More information

28/04/2013 LEARNING OUTCOME C13 URINARY SYSTEM STUDENT ACHIEVEMENT INDICATORS STUDENT ACHIEVEMENT INDICATORS URINARY SYSTEM & EXCRETION

28/04/2013 LEARNING OUTCOME C13 URINARY SYSTEM STUDENT ACHIEVEMENT INDICATORS STUDENT ACHIEVEMENT INDICATORS URINARY SYSTEM & EXCRETION LEARNING OUTCOME C13 Analyse the functional interrelationships of the structures of the urinary system Learning Outcome C13 URINARY SYSTEM STUDENT ACHIEVEMENT INDICATORS Students who have fully met this

More information

The Urinary S. (Chp. 10) & Excretion. What are the functions of the urinary system? Maintenance of water-salt and acidbase

The Urinary S. (Chp. 10) & Excretion. What are the functions of the urinary system? Maintenance of water-salt and acidbase 10.1 Urinary system The Urinary S. (Chp. 10) & Excretion 10.1 Urinary system What are the functions of the urinary system? 1. Excretion of metabolic wastes (urea, uric acid & creatinine) 1. Maintenance

More information

12/7/10. Excretory System. The basic function of the excretory system is to regulate the volume and composition of body fluids by:

12/7/10. Excretory System. The basic function of the excretory system is to regulate the volume and composition of body fluids by: Excretory System The basic function of the excretory system is to regulate the volume and composition of body fluids by: o o removing wastes returning needed substances to the body for reuse Body systems

More information

Ch17-18 Urinary System

Ch17-18 Urinary System Ch17-18 Urinary System Main Function: Filter the blood Other Functions: maintain purity and consistency of internal fluids eliminates nitrogenous wastes, toxins, and drugs from the body regulates blood

More information

RENAL PHYSIOLOGY. Physiology Unit 4

RENAL PHYSIOLOGY. Physiology Unit 4 RENAL PHYSIOLOGY Physiology Unit 4 Renal Functions Primary Function is to regulate the chemistry of plasma through urine formation Additional Functions Regulate concentration of waste products Regulate

More information

Osmoregulation and Renal Function

Osmoregulation and Renal Function 1 Bio 236 Lab: Osmoregulation and Renal Function Fig. 1: Kidney Anatomy Fig. 2: Renal Nephron The kidneys are paired structures that lie within the posterior abdominal cavity close to the spine. Each kidney

More information