Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities Report Card

Transcription

1 Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities Report Card August 31, 27

2 Acknowledgements Many individuals contributed to the production of this report card. The Office of Policy and Multicultural Health wishes to particularly thank the staff of the Epidemiology and Response Division for providing the data for the report. Thanks also to the members of the disparities report card work group who helped select the indicators and content of the report. Report Card Workgroup Team Members: Jolene Aguilar, John Booker, Donna Dossey, Lily Foster, Maggi Gallaher, Wayne Honey, Sam Howarth, Vicky Howell, Elizabeth Kennedy, Michael Landen, David Quintana, Paul Romero, Lewis Smith, and Brad Whorton. Report Card Providers: Lily Foster, Dan Green, Wayne Honey, Kimberley Peters, Jim Roeber, and Nina Shah.

3 Foreword The Department of Health is pleased to present the second edition of the Health Disparities Report Card. Health disparities are the differences in health status and impact of diseases on different race and ethnic populations. In, many factors contribute to health disparities, including access to health care, behavioral choices, genetic predisposition, poverty, environmental and occupational conditions, language barriers, social and cultural factors and discrimination in the health care setting. In this year s report card, you will see that: The rate of women receiving late or no prenatal care is much higher than the national rate, with American Indian women least likely to receive timely prenatal care; The teen birth rate in is more than 6% higher than the national rate; teens continue to have the highest rates and show the least decrease over time both in and the nation; The rate for alcohol-related deaths is 7% higher than the national rate; the rates for most groups in are decreasing, with the rate for s decreasing the most; More than half of s and s with diabetes do not receive all the recommended services, while American Indians are more likely to receive recommended services. These measures are among the 19 indicators selected for the report card. Information derived from the report card will lead the Department of Health s efforts to improve the health of all racial and ethnic groups in key areas. The Department of Health can t do it alone. With our partners (the Governor, legislators, local and tribal governments, public and private organizations, health care providers, health care institutions and concerned New Mexicans), we are working to prevent disease, promote health, improve access to information and care, deliver appropriate care and develop strategies to reduce disparities where they exist. The Department s Office of Policy and Multicultural Health leads the effort. Created in 25, it is mandated to coordinate the Department s efforts to reduce disparities and improve communication with s many diverse populations. In response to comments received on the first edition of the report card, additional information such as trend lines, comparisons by gender and comparisons to national data are included in the second edition. We continue to work to improve the quality of this report card and invite your input and suggestions. If you have comments, are interested in working with us to address health disparities or would like more information on the Health Disparities Report Card, including a supplement that explains the indicators and sources of data, please contact Vicky Howell, Ph.D., at (55) or vicky.howell@state.nm.us. Alfredo Vigil, M.D. Secretary Designate of Health

4 UNDERSTANDING THE REPORT CARD LEGEND Meaning/Interpretation A Little or no disparity. B C A disparity exists and should be monitored and may require intervention The disparity requires intervention. D Major interventions are needed. F >=3. Urgent interventions are needed. The group with the best rate (and 2 or more cases). It is the group to which all other groups are compared and therefore will not receive a rating. s with less than 2 events during time period. ratios and ratings are not calculated for populations with less than 2 events. The column reflects how well the health system is doing in eliminating difference among populations by comparing each group to the population with the best rate. The reference group in this column will indicate that it is the population to which all others are compared. Please note that ratings are only related to the differences among populations (disparity ratio) and are not an indication of how well or poorly, overall, is doing in relation to the indicators. The disparity ratio is a way to look at the severity of health problems and is calculated by dividing the rate for each population by the reference group population rate. ratios are not calculated for populations with less than 2 cases during the time period.

5 MOTHER AND CHILD HEALTH 1. Prenatal Care - Late or No Care (Care beginning after the 3rd month of pregnancy or no care during pregnancy) (per 1) African American B American Indian C B e: The rate of women receiving late or no care is much higher than the national rate. All women in NM have higher rates than the national rate. American Indian women have the highest rate. A Trend in Prenatal Care by Race Per Trend in Late/No Prenatal Care Total Per 1 of Births with Late or No Prenatal Care

6 MOTHER AND CHILD HEALTH 2. Infant Mortality (per 1,) African American D American Indian B * A e: s infant mortality is lower than that of the United States. The infant mortality rate for s continues to be more than double that of s or s. Male infant mortality is higher than female mortality in both and the United States. * based on less than 2 events and may fluctuate greatly from year to year. Trend in Infant Mortality by Per 1, Births Trend in Infant Mortality Infant Mortality Per 1, by Gender Population Total Female Male

7 MOTHER AND CHILD HEALTH 3. Teen Births Ages (per 1,) African American B American Indian C * 6. e: The teen birth rate in New Mexico is more than 6% higher than the national rate. teens continue to have the highest rates and show the least decrease over time both in and the nation. F * based on less than 2 events and may fluctuate greatly from year to year. Trend in Teen Birth s Ages by Mother s Per 1, Trend in Teen Birth s Ages Preliminary 25 Teen Birth s Per 1, Ages

8 PREVENTABLE DISEASES 4. Adults with Diabetes Receiving All Recommended Diabetes Preventive Services African American (per 1) American Indian * * A e: More than half of s and s with diabetes do not receive all the recommended services. American Indians are more likely to receive the recommended services than are s and s. * Proportions based on less than 5 interviews and are not presented. A Adults with Diabetes by Trend in Adults with Diabetes not Receiving Recommended Services Per Per 1 of New Mexicans Receiving Diabetes Preventive Services by Poverty Level Poverty Level Percent Above Federal Poverty Level 54.1 At or Below Federal Poverty Level 52.9 Per 1 of New Mexicans Receiving Diabetes Preventive Services by Gender Total Male Female data not available.

9 PREVENTABLE DISEASES 5. Diabetes Deaths (per 1,) African American B American Indian D * 32.2 C e: s Diabetes Death is higher than that of the. s, s and American Indians all have higher rates than s. The Diabetes death rate is higher for males both nationally and in New Mexico. * based on less than 2 events and may fluctuate greatly from year to year. Trend in Diabetes Death s Per 1, Trend in Diabetes Death s Diabetes Death s Per 1, by Gender Population Total Female Male

10 PREVENTABLE DISEASES 6. Obesity Among Adults (per 1) African American D American Indian C C e: s continue to have the highest rates of obesity but all groups show an increase. People with incomes at or below the federal poverty level have higher rates of obesity than do individuals with incomes above the poverty level. B Trend in Obesity Among Adults by Per Trend in Obesity Among Adults Per 1 of Obesity Among New Mexican Adults by Poverty Level Poverty Level Percent Above Federal Poverty Level 21.6 At or Below Federal Poverty Level 29.5 Per 1 of Obesity Among Adults by Gender Total Male Female U.S

11 PREVENTABLE DISEASES 7. Overweight Among Youth 25 (per 1) African American B American Indian C A B e: The rate remains below the United States rate but is catching up. American Indian youth have the highest rate of obesity but all groups are showing an increase. Males have higher rates of being overweight than do females for both and the. Trend in Overweight Among Youth by Per Trend in Overweight Among Youth Per 1 Overweight Among Youth by Gender Population Total Female Male

12 PREVENTABLE DISEASES 8. Had Pneumonia Vaccination (Adults 65+) (per 1) African American A American Indian B B e: More than 4 out of 1, American Indians and s have not received a pneumonia vaccination. People at or below poverty level are less likely than people above the poverty level to have received a pneumonia vaccination Trend in Adults 65+ Receiving Pneumonia Vaccination by Per 1 Trend in Adults 65+ Receiving Pneumonia Vaccinations data is 31.8, data unavailable for. Per 1 of New Mexicans Receiving Pneumonia Vaccination by Poverty Level Poverty Level Percent Above Federal Poverty Level 34.7 of Receiving Pneumonia Vaccination by Gender Total Male Female At or Below Federal Poverty Level 43.5 U.S

13 PREVENTABLE DISEASES 9. Pneumonia and Influenza Deaths African American (per 1,) * 17.3 American Indian B * 4.7 A e: The pneumonia and influenza death rate is lower than the. s for s appear to be decreasing while the rates for other groups appear to be fluctuating. Male rates in both New Mexico and nationally are higher than are female rates. * based on less than 2 events and may fluctuate greatly from year. Trend in Pneumonia and Influenza Deaths by Trend in Pneumonia and Influenza Death s Per 1, Pneumonia and Influenza Deaths Per 1, by Gender Population Total Female Male

14 INFECTIOUS DISEASES 1. Chlamydia African American (per 1,) 3, American Indian A 2, A B 3, , e: Indicator was changed to focus on population most vulnerable for developing complications such as pelvic inflammatory disease, ectopic pregnancies and infertility due to chlamydia infection. is not as great as in the past due to the increase in reported cases among white females the rate for this age group has increased over 4 percent since Trend in Chlamydia by Trend in Chlamydia in Females Ages Per 1, American Indian or () (25) Chlamydia in Females Ages Per 1, 3, ,743.7

15 INFECTIOUS DISEASES 11. Acute and Chronic Hepatitis B African American (per 1,) * 8.4 American Indian * 2.8 F C e: continue to have the highest rates; s have the lowest rates. New cases have declined with the availability of vaccines. Male rates are higher than females. * s based on less than 2 events and may fluctuate greatly from year to year. Trend in Hepatitis B by Per 1, Trend in Hepatitis B Cases American Indian or There are no comparable rates for the. Per 1, of Hepatitis B by Gender Population Total Female Male

16 INFECTIOUS DISEASES 12. HIV/AIDS (Newly Diagnosed Cases) African American (per 1,) * 16. American Indian * 2.4 B A e: The rate is much lower than the rate; all populations have rates well below the national rates. s have high rates, but the rates are based on small numbers and thus fluctuate more than those of other groups. The male rate remains higher than the female rate. * based on less than 2 events and may fluctuate greatly from year to year. HIV/AIDS Trend by Trend in HIV/AIDS Per 1, American Indian or HIV/AIDS by Gender Population Total Per 1, Female Male

17 VIOLENCE AND INJURY 13. Motor Vehicle Deaths African American (per 1,) * 7.1 American Indian C * 5.4 A e: The rate is higher than the national rate for both men and women. The American Indian motor vehicle death rate remains more than double the rate. Although male rates of motor vehicle deaths are much higher than female rates in, the disparity is even larger nationally. * based on less than 2 events and may fluctuate greatly from year to year. Trend in Motor Vehicle Deaths by Trend in Motor Vehicle Death s Per 1, Motor Vehicle Death s Per 1, by Gender Population Total Female Male

18 VIOLENCE AND INJURY 14. Suicide African American (per 1,) * 7.7 American Indian A * e: The rate remains nearly 9% higher than the national rate. The largest disparity is between males and females not between racial/ethnic groups. * based on less than 2 events and may fluctuate greatly from year to year. B Trend in Suicide s by Per 1, Trend in Suicide s American Indian or Suicide Per 1, by Gender Population Total Female Male

19 VIOLENCE AND INJURY 15. Youth Suicide African American (per 1,) * 1.1 American Indian B * 17.8 A e: The rate is more than double the rate. Male rates in both the United States and are higher than female rates. The difference in rates is even larger for than nationally. R a t e s a p p e a r t o b e increasing for s and American Indians. * based on less than 2 events and may fluctuate greatly from year to year. Trend in Youth Suicide by Per 1, Trend in Youth Suicide Youth Suicide Per 1, by Gender Population Total Female Male

20 VIOLENCE AND INJURY 16. Homicide African American (per 1,) * 1.5 American Indian C * 3.2 C e: The homicide rate is higher than the national rate. The and American Indian homicide rates are twice that of s. Male rates, both in New Mexico and nationally, are much higher than female rates. * based on less than 2 events and may fluctuate greatly from year to year. Trend in Homicide s by Per 1, Trend in Homicide s Homicide Per 1, by Gender Population Total Female Male

21 RISK BEHAVIORS 17. Smoking Among Adults African American (per 1) American Indian A B e: s continue to be the only group continuing to show decreased smoking rates. People at or below the federal poverty level are more likely to smoke than are people above the poverty level. A A Trend in Smoking Among Adults by Trend in Smoking Among Adults Per 1, s Per 1 of Smoking by Poverty Level Poverty Level Percent Above Federal Poverty Level 19.2 At or Below Federal Poverty Level 3.1 s Per 1 of Smoking by Gender Total Male Female U.S

22 RISK BEHAVIORS 18. Drug Induced Deaths African American (per 1,) American Indian B * 2.8 D C e: has been among the top 3 states for drug-induced deaths since s rates for the total population and by gender are well above the national rates. s continue to have the highest rates. * based on less than 2 events and may fluctuate greatly from year to year. Trend in Drug Induced Deaths by Trend in Drug Induced Deaths Per 1, Drug Induced Death s per 1, by Gender Population Total Female Male

23 RISK BEHAVIORS 19. Alcohol Related Deaths African American (per 1,) American Indian F * 16.9 C B e: The rate for Alcohol-related Deaths is 7% higher than the national rate. The rate for s has decreased more than those for other populations. Male rates in both and the are more than double female rates. * based on less than 2 events and may fluctuate greatly from year to year. Trend in Alcohol Related Deaths by Trend in Alcohol-Related Deaths Per 1, Alcohol Related Death s by Gender Population Total Female Male

24 Department of Health Office of Policy and Multicultural Health 119 S. St. Francis Dr., S425 Santa Fe, 8752 Phone: FAX: