Welcome! ACE Personal Trainer Exam Review: Module 3

Transcription

1 Welcome! ACE Personal Trainer Exam Review: Module 3 Laura Abbott, MS, LMT Master s Degree, Sports Medicine Licensed Massage Therapist Undergraduate degree in Exercise Science Instructor of Kinesiology, Georgia State University ACE Certified Personal Trainer Guest speaker at Atlanta area massage schools and at the Georgia State University Physical Therapy department. Owner of Premier Performance, Atlanta, GA Chapters 13 & 14 of the ACE Personal Trainer Manual (3rd ed) Chapters 2, 3, 4, 5 & 13 of the ACE Personal Trainer Manual (4th ed) What We ll Cover reserved. 1

2 Section 3: The Client/Trainer Relationship It All Starts with Rapport A relationship of mutual respect characterized by: Empathy Warmth Genuineness Interviewing Directly question the client Avoid biased questions Stick to: Who, What, Where, Why, When, How Dependent on client s memory, honesty and comfort with the questioner reserved. 2

3 Cultural & Ethnic Differences Different cultures & ethnicities have different attitudes towards eating, exercise & physical attractiveness. Learn all you can about these differences Do not be judgmental or superior Psychological & Other Factors that Influence Communication 2011: The first boomers turn 65! Body image Body size Self esteem Comfort level with the trainer Eating disorders Age, gender & other factors Teacher Coach Advisor Supporter Counselor Negotiator Personal Trainer Roles reserved. 3

4 Attending Behaviors Posture Positioning Attending Behaviors Mirroring Attending Behaviors reserved. 4

5 Attending Behaviors Eye Contact Gestures Attending Behaviors Environment Attending Behaviors reserved. 5

6 Body Language: 90% of all communication is non-verbal Verbal Behaviors Ways by which we show our client we are interested in what they have to say Ways by which we encourage our client to feel free to engage in open communication Minimal Encouragers Brief words/syllables to show we re listening Then what happened? Go on No way! Get out of here! How fascinating. reserved. 6

7 Paraphrasing Restate the client s words & feeling in your own way. Client: I ve been working so hard I m exhausted. What am I doing trying to exercise today? Trainer: Sounds like you may be too tired to work out today. Indirectly trying to get more information. Probing I m sure that must have upset you. Let s talk about this. I m wondering why you would say that. Tell me what happened next. An attempt to understand spoken words. Clarifying I m confused about that last comment. Are you saying that you d rather do no cardio and all free weights? Am I correct in thinking that you feel this is a waste of time? What are you trying to tell me? reserved. 7

8 Sharing factual information. Informing Well, there are pros and cons to the Adkins diet. I ll explain the difference between a squat and a lunge. Let me tell you about an alternative to free weights. Here s a better way to work your abs. Recapping what has been discussed or accomplished. Summarizing Here s how we ll make this work. Let s summarize our goals, We ve had a good discussion; here s what I ll do & here s what you ll do. As per our conversation, here s a schedule for the next month. Questioning Asking for a response. Open Ended: What s on your mind? How is you knee feeling? Closed Ended: Are you feeling OK? Does your knee feel better? reserved. 8

9 Providing feedback about a real or perceived conflict. Confronting We need to talk about this. I feel as though you re losing interest in exercise. You ve missed 4 of your last 5 sessions. Is there a problem? I ve heard what you said about me and I m very angry. I don t understand what you want. Learning Styles Visual Learner: Learns by SEEING Auditory Learner: Learns by HEARING Kinesthetic Learner: Learns by DOING Tell-Show-Do: Combination of all 3 styles Effective Feedback Four Components: Specific Performance based Informative Immediate reserved. 9

10 Communication Technology Stay in touch in the 21 st Century Way! Websites Facebook Twitter Adherence & Program Design Adherence Stats 50% of all personal training clients will drop out within the first 6 months reserved. 10

11 Stress Is a Barrier to Adherence Major Stressors Change in marital status Change to family structure Change in job status Change in economic status Change in living conditions Unhealthy Reactions Overeating Overdrinking Self medication Healthy Reactions Exercise Meditation Talk therapy Professional help Mind / Body Programs Can Improve Adherence What is a Mind/Body Program? Physical exercise with a profound inwardly directed mental focus. -The IDEA Mind/Body Fitness Committee East vs West Eastern Philosophy: Mind & body are different parts of the same whole; one influences the other. Western Philosophy: Mind & body are separate; they do not influence the other and are trained (and treated) independently. reserved. 11

12 Physiological Signs of Stress Heart pounding Heart racing or beating erratically Back or shoulder pain Cold, sweaty hands Muscle tremors Hands shaking Headaches Rapid, erratic, or shallow breathing Upset stomach, nausea, or vomiting Shortness of breath Asthma attack Difficulty in speaking Changes in appetite Increased craving for tobacco or sweets Constipation Diarrhea Change in sleep habits Change in libido Psychological Signs of Stress Inability to concentrate Feelings of frustration Inability to relax Undirected anger Feelings of sadness, futility Depression Abuse of alcohol, drugs, sex Characteristics of Mind/Body Programs Emphasis is on quality, not quantity, of exercise Exercise is an opportunity for mental training, too Focus is on the technique, not the outcome Concentration on breathing connects mind & body Exercise is a joyful, intrinsic experience reserved. 12

13 Physiological Benefits of Mind/Body Programs Increased strength & flexibility Lowered blood pressure Increased bone density Improved lipid profile Improved glucose sensitivity Psychological Benefits of Mind/Body Programs Better stress management Greater selfconfidence Improved mood Increased endorphin levels Mind/Body Techniques Some ways to make the mind & body work as a team. Breathing techniques Meditation/mantra Body awareness control Body posture & alignment checks Relaxation techniques Visualization/ imagery reserved. 13

14 Other Barriers to Adherence Too little time Schedule appropriately Too little energy Encourage proper rest, nutrition, hydration Do not have them over exert at first Too little money Be upfront about fees & costes Make your services affordable Training is not an expense, it is an investment. Self-Efficacy: The client s belief that they CAN succeed Influencing Factors: Adherence Personal Within the Client s psyche: I can t do this I don t like this reserved. 14

15 Adherence Program How the program is designed: This is too hard This is fun! Adherence Environmental Where the training occurs: This gym is dirty The people are so snooty here Goal Setting Long Term 90 days or more Short term: 90 days or less The difference between a WISH & a Goal? reserved. 15

16 S-M-A-R-T Goals Specific Measurable Attainable Relevant Time bound Personal training at The Fountainbleu Spa, Miami Beach, Behavioral Contracts A written, (usually posted) listing of what the client WILL do Used for motivation Usually spells out adherence guideline Results in a reward for compliance & success! Your client appears to be in a depressed mood. You adjust your posture, gestures and voice tone to theirs. This is known as: A. Mirroring B. Positioning C. Gesturing D. Environment reserved. 16

17 The teaching method that provides your client with an auditory, visual and kinesthetic experience is known as: A. Modeling B. Cognitive learning C. Tell-Show-Do D. Association Approximately what amount of communication is non-verbal? A. 50% B. 60% C. 80% D. 90% Your client has been very quiet and withdrawn. Another trainer mentions that the client had once been treated for drug addiction and that she has probably relapsed. What is your BEST course of action? A. Confront the client with the information and see how you can help B. Contact the client s husband and ask if she fell off the wagon C.Thank your co-worker and document the information on the client s workout card D. Thank you co-worker for the information. At a non-threatening time say to the client, You seem withdrawn to me. What can I do to help? reserved. 17

18 Your client is 35, has 3 children & has been working with you for 3 weeks. She tells you that her goal is to get back to the weight she was in before having her kids. Your BEST response? A. No problem. With hard work and perseverance anything is possible. B. I m not sure that s a valid goal. I think we would be setting you up for disappointment. C. That s probably not a possibility. D. That s an interesting goal. Before we do any specific program planning, let s talk about your life and why that goal is important to you right now. Which of the following is a physical barrier to communication? A. Your client makes no contact with you B. Your client gives evasive answers C. Your client is sitting behind a table D. Your client speaks in monosyllables You are consulting with a new client. She is 42, appears to be of average body weight and says she is coming to training because her husband tells her she is getting too fat. Your best response? A. Never mind what your husband says; do you think you are too fat? B. Your husband may be right. How would that make you feel? C. Fat is a relative term. If this were Renaissance Italy you d be considered thin. D. How about if we do some objective measurements to see your body composition and then we ll talk? reserved. 18

19 A benefit to completing a behavioral contract with your client is that: A. A written, signed document can help adherence B. If your client does not adhere you can sue them more easily C. A document posted in a conspicuous place will guarantee better results D. The client will feel guilty if she does not stick to the contract and misses a session Behavioral contracts have been shown to increase: A. Profits B. Enjoyment C. Rapport D. Adherence A well stated goal has these characteristics: A. Specific, measurable, action oriented, rewards, time table B. Specific, measurable, attainable, relevant, time frame C. Short term, measurable, achievable, realistic, timely D. Short term, manageable, achievable, realistic, timely reserved. 19

20 A method of behavioral reinforcement that rewards appropriate behavior is also known as: A. Contracting B. Modeling C. Incentive planning D. Goal setting Which of the following is a well stated goal for a previously sedentary 50-year-old client who currently weighs 350 pounds, has a body fat of 55%, and a maximum MET level of 8? A. Perform a 5k run in 4 weeks B. Increase MET level to 12 in the next 4 weeks C. Decrease body fat by 1% in the next 4 weeks D. Increase walking to 60 minutes six days a week within the next month A member of your gym has been participating in a standard exercise program; by the end of 6 months their chance of dropping out is: A. 10% B. 20% C. 40% D. 50% reserved. 20

21 A relationship of mutual trust, harmony or emotional affinity is called: A. Rapport B. Peer counseling C. Behavioral bonding D. Attending behavior Your client is a wealthy, 54-year-old female. Which of the following factors is LEAST likely to cause her to drop out of her exercise program? A. The time of day she trains B. Past exercise experiences C. Her rapport with you D. The cost of the program Which of the following best describes empathy? A. You feel sorry for the client B. You can identify with exactly what the client is experiencing C. You feel superior to your client D. You try to see your client s world through their eyes reserved. 21

22 Before Your Next Class: Read chapter 5 of the ACE Personal Trainer Manual (3rd ed) OR Read chapter 6 of the ACE Personal Trainer Manual (4th ed) reserved. 22