Mental health changes in African American men following an exercise training study: (ARTIIS) Robert L. Newton, Jr., Ph.D.

Transcription

1 Mental health changes in African American men following an exercise training study: (ARTIIS) Robert L. Newton, Jr., Ph.D.

2 Health benefits of exercise Plethora of studies showing mental health benefits of regular exercise Depression Anxiety Stress Well-being Few studies have investigated these effects in African American populations Most conducted in women Torres et al., Public Health Nurs, 2015; Nicolaidis et al. Prog Community Health Partnersh, 2013; Flannery et al. Public Health Nurs, 2012

3 Purpose To determine if the exercise training will improve mental health in African American men

4 Recruitment Churches YMCA Businesses Community events Barber shops Universities Physicians Radio Newspaper Mass mailing TV Advertisements Social media Community endorsers Designated recruiter

5 Participants Males of African descent Aged 35 to 70 Insufficiently active BMI >18kg/m 2-45kg/m 2 Family history of diabetes

6 Questionnaires Medical Outcomes Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) T-score Mean value = 50, SD = 10 Physical functioning (PF) Role-Physical (RP) Bodily Pain (BP) General Health (GH) Vitality (VH) Social Functioning (SF) Role-Emotional (RE) Mental Health (MH) Physical Composite Score (PCS) Mental Composite Score (MCS) Center of Epidemiology Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) Total score Range: 0-60

7 Randomization Aerobic + Resistance Training Healthy Living group

8 Aerobic + Resistance Training (A+R) Completed at one of the 5 YMCA s selected for the ARTIIS study Exxon Mobil Paula G Manship AC Lewis CB Pennington Americana Supervised by trained YMCA fitness instructors weekly Aerobic 150 minutes of aerobic training (3-4 days) Each Session: minutes Treadmill Walking Moderate Intensity Resistance 2 days an additional minutes of resistance training Will consist of 9 exercises both lower and upper body- 2 sets of 10 repetitions Moderate Intensity

9 Healthy Living Group (HL) Health topics provided by health professional via or mail Some topics include: Diabetes Disease prevention and treatment Nutrition Monthly Health Newsletter Monthly phone call from the study coordinator to review current health status

10 Study hypotheses Quality of life would improve significantly in the A+R group compared to the HL Depressive symptoms would decrease significantly in the A+R group compared to the HL

11 Sample 113 African American men n= 57 (HLG) N = 56 (A+R) Age = 51.8 (9.0) BMI= 31.6 (5.3) Fasting glucose = 94.3 (8.8) mg/dl Fasting insulin of 12.3 (7.2) μu

12 Between group results There were no between group differences in the change scores SF-36 subscales or composites (all p values > 0.056) CES-D (p = 0.852).

13 SF *p = < * * * PF RP BP GH HL Wk0 HL Wk20 A+R Wk0 A+R Wk20

14 SF VT SF RE MH HL Wk0 HLG Wk20 A+R Wk0 A+R Wk20

15 SF *p = < * PCS HL Wk0 HL Wk20 A+R Wk0 A+R 20 MCS

16 SF-36 Adherence to the exercise training regimen were associated with increased physical functioning r = 0.33 p <.05

17 CES-D ** ** CESD HL Wk0 HL Wk20 A+R Wk0 A+R Wk20

18 Summary Physical functioning worsened for both groups Bodily pain and physical composite worsened for the A+R group More depressive symptoms were evident in both groups These changes were not clinically significant Overall, there was no change in mental health in African American men following a 5-month exercise training study

19 Conclusions Our findings differ from other exercise programs in African Americans Ill Depressed There were likely ceiling effects for the SF-36 There were likely floor effects for the CES-D Other unmeasured variables may have changed Anxiety Stress Mentz et al., Circ Heart Fail, 2015; Nicolaidis et al. Prog Community Health Partnersh, 2013; Hason et al., J Phys Act Health, 2011

20 Thanks to Timothy Church, MD, MPH, PhD Daniel Hsia, MD Chelsea Hendrick Johanna Veal Melissa Harris Ruben Rodarte Shannon Cocreham Cory Lemon Matthew Abboud Sheletta Donnato Emmanuel Andrews III William Johnson Sandra Larrivee Nathan Efferson Ron Monce Tance Sonnier Outpatient Clinic Inpatient Clinic Recruiting Core Capital Area YMCA 1R01DK095233