penis and the anus, with age : Hence the attention to the scrotum and its contents.

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Clemence Wiggins
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1 A SYSTEM OF AUTOMASSAGE (Contd.) By S. D. S. GREVAL 166, Lower Circular Road, Calcutta-14 For the Scrotum The sagging of the scrotum is seen associated with the sinking of the entire area between the penis and the anus, with age : Hence the attention to the scrotum and its contents. (1) Left side and contents (See Diagram XIX) XIX

2 Dec., 1954] A SYSTEM OF AUTOMASSAGE : GREVAL 729 Support the scrotum (from below) with the fingers, put together, of the left hand, and go over the contents of the left side with the thumb and- fingers, in a rotary motion, as in rolling a pill between the fingers and the thumb, in a clock-wise and then in a counter clock-wise direction, 7 times. The pressure should not hurt. It is wise to regulate the movements, over several days, as in the case of the eyes. (2) Right side and contents (see Diagram, XX) Special treatment before or after the bath : For any irregularities felt on either side, tie up the side of the scrotum with a narrow rubber tube for 1,2,3,4, minutes (depending upon tolerance of discomfort) and repeat the rotary movements. Watch progress, lest appropriate medical treatment of a disease should be neglected. For the Abdomen (Belly) 1st. Movement (See Diagram XXII) XX Change hands and the side (3) Entire scrotum and contents (See Diagram, XXI) XXII XXI With fingers put together of the left hand support the scortum and opposing the thumb to the fingers perform the same rotary movement, clock-wise and then counter clock-wise, over the entire contents, 7 times. Change the hand for the same movements from the right side.. For females. Support the vulva and perform the same rotary movement, round it as round the entire scrotum. Put spread out hands to cover the palpable ribs at the lower and outer part of the thorax (chest) and move them down towards the lower and inner part of the abdomen, falling short of the middle line by about H inch on either side, and back again, 7 times. By slightly changing the area covered by each movement the entire surface of the abdomen can be rubbed at least twice in the 7 movements. The muscles are held in contraction so that the internal organs may not be affected. The general direction followed by the hands is the same as going into trousers pockets.

3 730 THE INDIAN MEDICAL GAZETTE [Dec., 1954 As the muscles forming the wall of the abdomen are arranged in layers, these movements are designed to follow the course of their fibres (seen in the Diagrams). The pressure exerted in the rubbing is graded to in accordence with the depth of the layers. According to the orthodox system a muscle must be massaged when it is relaxed, not con- tracted. This cannot be done in auto-massage. It should not be done on the abdomen lest the rhythm of the stomach and the intestines is upset. In fact, there is no reason why the orthodoxy should be respected at -all. When, how- ever, a second person carries out the massage relaxations of the muscles is more convenient for the person under massage. But the abdomenal muscles must be contracted for protecting the stomach and the intestine even then. falling short of the middle line by about 1-1- inch on either side, and back again, 7 times, with a little more pressure than in the 1st. movement. The general direction followed by the hands is at right angles to the ls? movement. 3rd Movement (See Diagram XXIV) 2nd. Movement (See Diagram XXIII) XXIII XXXII Put spread out hands at the lower and outer part of the abdomen (the lower portion of the 1st. movement) and move them upwards, to- wards the lower and inner part of the chest, Put the spread out hands at the sides of the abdomen and move them towards the middle line in front, falling short of the exact middle by about lj inch on either side, 7 times, with a little more pressure than in the 2nd movement. The general direction followed by the hands is horizontal. XXIV XXIV 4th Movement (See Diagram XXV) Put the tips of the fingers of both hands, at the lower ends of the breast bone to cover about 3 inches in the middle line (the space left in the I

4 Dec, 1954] A SYSTEM OF AUTOMASSAGE : GREVAL 731 previous movements) and move them downwards till they meet the bone at the lower part of the abdomen, and back again, 7 times. This movement massages the muscles left unmassaged in the previous 3 movements. (At the top and bottom of the middle line the area covered should be a little less than 3 inches). internal organ connected with it) covers the thorax (chest, not belly only). 6th Movement (See Diagram XXVI, L). (5th & 6th Movements all shown in the same Diagram). With the same palmer surface go over the corresponding area on the left in the same way. The movement massages (i) the spleen, (ii) the stomach (iii) a part of the heart and the sac XXV. 5th Movement (See Diagram XXVI,R). Pass the fingers of the right hand into the gaps between those of the left hand, bringing the palms together to provide one long surface. With these palmer surfaces go over the lower ribs of the right side in a circle, clock-wise and the counter clock-wise 7 times. The movement massages : (i) the liver, (ii) the lowest portion of the right lower lobe of the lung which is likely to be expanded defectively in obese persons, and (iii) the gall bladder. It will be observed that a part of the area massaged (with the XXVI

5 732 THE INDIAN MEDICAL GAZETTE [Dec., 1954 containing the heart and (iv) a part of the large intestine. In the movement a part of the area massaged covers the chest also, as in the pre- vious movement. 7th Movement (See Diagram XXVI, XXVII). With the same palmer surfaces cover the entire front of the belly from side to side, moving the trunk to meet the on-coming hands, 7 times. The rubbing in this movement should be rather light. 8th Movement (See Diagram XXVIII, R). With the left palm go over the most prominent ends of the ribs on the right side, clock-wise and then counter clock-wise 7 times. The move- ment massages the gallbladder specially. 9th Movement (See Diagram XXVIII, L). (8th & 9th Movements all shown in the same Diagram). With the right palm go over an area of the centre of which is the heart beat, clock-wise and the counter clock-wise, 7 times. This movement massages the heart and again covers an organ in the chest. XXVII XXVII 10th Movement (See Diagram XXIX, R and L) R CjLr With the fingers, put together, of the right hand go over the abdomen, immediately over the right groin, clock-wise clock-wise, 7 times. and then counter Repeat the movement on the left side the,left hand. 11th Movement (See Diagram XXX). with Put the palm of the right hand opposite the corner of the right hip bone, on the abdomen XXVIII and proceed upwards towards the chest with a jerky motion (as if compressing a hosepipe to move its contents forwards); then change the direction and move across towards the left; reaching the middle of the path change hands and follow a corresponding course on the left side towards the corner of the left hip bone. (Continued on pp. 735).

6 Dec., 1954] A SYSTEM OF AUTOMASSAGE : GREVAL 735 Continued from page 732 Jill/ XXX 13th movement Perform three such movements. (Ihese movements tend to move the contents ol the large intestine. Passage of wind and stool may occur.) XXIX J2tli movement If the abdomen is pendulous and has a trans- verse groove under it, raise it with the left hand and pat across the grove and the area above it with the right hand, 7 times. Repeat the patting changing hand This movement though given here is carried out at the end of the bath when the body has been dried with a towel. Its purpose is to shake rapidly the fat-bearing skin of the abdomen in 3 places, equal distance apart : (a) below the navel, (b) at the navel and (c) above the navel. Proceed as follows :? (1) Put finger-tips on both sides well below the navel and move the skin up-anddown rapidly, so as to produce a con- tinuous quiver all over the skin of the abdomen, 7 times. (2) Repeat (3) Repeat at the level of the navel. above the navel. (4) Put the shaken areas firmly, 7 times.

Low Back Pain Home Exercises

Low Back Pain Home Exercises General Instructions The low back exercise program is a series of stretching exercises and strengthening exercises prescribed by your physician for your medical condition.