Overtraining and Recovery: A Delicate Balancing Act

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1 Overtraining and Recovery: A Delicate Balancing Act Ben Sporer - Exercise Physiologist Pacific Sport National Sport Center

2 Gears of Recovery Reps/Sets Training Sessions Training Phases Acute RECOVERY Illness or Injury Chronic Taper Adapted from Wenger (2000) Powering Sport Performance

3 Recovery From Exercise Physiological Restoration of energy stores Fluids Removal of waste Repair and regeneration Hormonal/Stress Psychological Focus Attitude Stress Mood Anxiety

4 Nutritional Strategies Hydration Strategies Rest/Inactivity Strategies Active/Passive Strategies Psychological Strategies Optimum Recovery and Enhanced Performance

5 Supercompensation Training Stimulus Supercompensation Performance Fatigue

6 Training Effects Training Stimuli Performance performance

7 Volume and Intensity Training Stimulus Recovery Time Fatigue from Intensity Fatigue from Volume

8 Strategies (active/passive, nutritional) Training Variables (volume, intensity, duration) Recovery Time Type of Training (aerobic, anaerobic, strength) Post-Activity (rest, recovery, training session) External Factors (social, emotional, work, sleep)

9 Physiological Adaptation Strength High Vol/Int Low Vol/Int Aerobic Hours Powering Sport Performance

10 Recovery Times Glycogen repletion takes at least 5 hours with ideal replenishing strategies and low volumes can be as long as 48 hours Lactate removal requires up to 2 hours effects of low ph may not yet return to normal Muscle soreness hours endurance < isometric < isotonic < eccentric

11 Balancing Act RECOVERY STRESS

12 Training Effects Training Stimuli Performance performance

13 Dynamic Relationship Performance Fatigue Volume/Intensity

14 Dynamic Relationship Performance Fatigue Volume/Intensity

15 Dynamic Relationship Performance Fatigue Volume/Intensity

16 Dynamic Relationship Performance Fatigue Volume/Intensity

17 Short Term Overtraining: Failure to recover from a single training session within 72 hours up to 2 weeks to recover Long Term Overtraining: chronic short term overtraining result in loss of a competitive season or career *** Underrecovery can result in a 3-6% decrement in performance velocity (Flynn et al., 1994) Powering Sport Performance

18 2002 Tour de France Prologue Recovered = 1 st place Underrecovered =??? (45.92 km/h) % = ~26 seconds 6% = ~44 seconds

19 Poorer performance Severe fatigue Muscle soreness Overuse injuries Reduced appetite Disturbed sleep patterns Mood disturbances Immune system deficits Concentration difficulties Signs of Underrecovery Powering Sport Performance

20 Avoiding Underrecovery Steps: 1. understand what is meant by underrecovery 2. determine an assessment tool 3. plan and assess regularly 4. intervene 5. reevaluate Powering Sport Performance

21 Assessment Performance time trials, maximum tests, event specific, skill assessment Physiological blood work, lactate, HR, hormonal responses, immunological Psychological log books rate of perceived exertion (RPE) RESTQ-Sport $$$ & Time Cheap & Quick

22 Rate of Perceived Exertion (RPE) 10 Maximal Very Strong 6 5 Strong 4 Somewhat Difficult 3 Moderate 2 Light 1 Very Light 0 Nothing at all

23 Using RPE to Monitor Training Day Duration RPE Load Day Duration RPE Load Total 3850 Total 3770 Mean 550 Mean 539 SD 393 SD 156 Monotony 1.40 Monotony 3.45 Strain 5391 Strain Powering Sport Performance Adapted from Foster et al., (1998)

24 RESTQ-Sport Powering Sport Performance

25 Intervention & Re-evaluation Reduce volume and/or intensity Implement more variation to reduce monotony Address external factors to the sport Individualize Powering Sport Performance

26 even though swimmers are always tired, training hard, and their performances not changing or even getting worse, good things are still happening to them. THAT IS WRONG. Constant fatigue states do not make a better swimmer. Better swimmers come from continual improvement derived from training effects. If swimmers are not improving, then they are not experiencing beneficial training. Brent S. Rushall

27 Powering Sport Performance

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