Objectives: 7/11/2016. Are Girls Different than Boys with Recovery and Prevention of Sport Injuries?

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1 Are Girls Different than Boys with Recovery and Prevention of Sport Injuries? Amanda Vick, PT, DPT, OCS SPORTS Physical Therapist Board Certified Orthopedic Specialist Cook Children s Health System Sports Symposium July 21, 2016 Objectives: Discuss the female athlete history and interesting facts Assess injuries in specific sports Assess ACL risk factors and screening tools Review areas to maintain a healthy female athlete Why talk about the female athlete now? Women and the Olympics 1900 Golf 1928 Gymnastics 1984 Marathon 2012 All sports 9 1

2 Dr. Dudley Allen Sargent 1881 Founded Sargent School of Physical Training in Cambridge Believed exercise over drugs Allowed women to be educated Hired the first female physical education professor, Delphine Hanna 3 First female to run the Boston Marathon 1967: K. V. Switzer Equality in Sports Title IX 9 2

3 What this means is Increased female participation Increased training Increased injuries 4 Interesting facts: 4-6 times more likely to sustain a non contact ACL injury Within 7 years after an ACL injury, 65% of individuals no longer play soccer (landing error) At least 2/3 of ACL tears are noncontact ACL ruptures within 40 milliseconds after initial ground contact 7 Hormones and birth control 3

4 Common injuries of gymnasts: Stress fractures Wrist pain Spine (spondylolysis /-listhesis) Foot/ankle sprain 4 Common injuries of dancers: Foot injuries Stress fractures 4 Common injuries of volleyball players: Jumper s knee Ankle sprain Lower rate of ACL tears 4 4

5 Common injuries of cheerleaders: Catastrophic injuries -brain/head injury -neck injury -heat stroke -electrolyte imbalance 4 Common injuries of soccer players: ACL ACL ACL 4 ACL risk factors Modifiable Trunk/leg alignment with sports Muscle imbalance Poor training Shoe wear Equipment/surface Non-modifiable Hormones? Bone structure Ligament laxity 1 5

6 Performance improvement = Injury prevention 1 Landing mechanics Trunk/hip flexion Soft bent knees Backward weight shift Toes and knees forward No knee kissing Hamstring recruitment Core activation 6 Body control Body control Valgus collapse (knee kissing) Weakness in lateral hip muscles Poor training Lack of awareness 6 6

7 Body control Hamstring recruitment Backwards weight shift 6 Body control Trunk/core strength and awareness 6 Quick screens: LESS Landing Error Scoring system (LESS) Field assessment for potentially high risk movement patterns (errors) 30 cm box drop and immediate jump and land Scores based on body position Scores of a 5 or more are at greater risk 8 7

8 Quick Screens: LESS 8 Quick Screens: Tuck Jump Assessment 3 Prevention programs Sportsmetric (1999 and 2012) Individualized program 3x/wk X 6 wks Ages with a variety of sports PEP (Prevent injury and enhance performance) Warm up in season 3x/wk X 12 wks Ages included soccer only KIPP (Knee injury prevention program) Warm up in season 3.3x/wk X 13 wks High school age included soccer and basketball 7 8

9 Sportsmetrics 7 Diet Sleep Overtraining Psychosocial Menstrual cycle Substance abuse 5 Injury prevention References Brophy, R. H., Silvers, H. J., & Mandelbaum, B. R. (2010). Anterior cruciate ligament injuries: etiology and prevention. Sports Medicine And Arthroscopy Review, 18(1), Coloradoinmotion.com/acl-injury-prevention 3 Colvin, A. C., & Lynn, A. (2010). Sports-related injuries in the young female athlete.the Mount Sinai journal of medicine, New York, 77(3), Elliot, D. L., Goldberg, L., & Kuehl, K. S. (2010). Young women's anterior cruciate ligament injuries: an expanded model and prevention paradigm. Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.), 40(5),

10 References Myer, G. D., Ford, K. R., Khoury, J., Succop, P., & Hewett, T. E. (2011). Biomechanics laboratory-based prediction algorithm to identify female athletes with high knee loads that increase risk of ACL injury. British journal of sports medicine, 45(4), Noyes, F. R., & Barber-Westin, S. (2014). Neuromuscular retraining intervention programs: do they reduce noncontact anterior cruciate ligament injury rates in adolescent female athletes? Arthroscopy: The Journal Of Arthroscopic & Related Surgery: Official Publication Of The Arthroscopy Association Of North America And The International Arthroscopy Association, 30(2), Padua, D. A., DiStefano, L. J., Beutler, A. I., de la Motte, S.,J., DiStefano, M. J., & Marshall, S. W. (2015). The Landing Error Scoring System as a Screening Tool for an Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury-Prevention Program in Elite- Youth Soccer Athletes.Journal Of Athletic Training, 50(6),