Major Anatomic Components of the Orbit

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1 Major Anatomic Components of the Orbit 1. Osseous Framework 2. Globe 3. Optic nerve and sheath 4. Extraocular muscles

2 Bony Orbit Seven Bones Frontal bone Zygomatic bone Maxillary bone Ethmoid bone Sphenoid bone Lacrimal bone Palatine bone

3 Bony Orbit Divisions Orbital roof Orbital floor Medial orbital wall Lateral orbital wall Bones Frontal Sphenoid Zygomatic Maxillary Mandible Lacrimal Ethmoid Palatine

4 Bony Orbit Supraorbital Foramen Frontal Bone Coronal View

5 Bony Orbit Frontal Bone Lacrimal bone Maxillary Bone Coronal View

6 Bony Orbit Frontal Bone Ethmoid Bone Zygomatic Bone Maxillary Bone Coronal View

7 Bony Orbit Frontal Bone Sphenoid Bone Coronal View

8 Bony Orbit Frontal Bone Axial View

9 Bony Orbit Zygomatic Bone Ethmoid Bone Sphenoid Bone Axial View

10 Bony Orbit Zygomatic Bone Maxillary Bone Axial View

11 Bony Orbit: X-Ray

12 Bony Orbit: X-Ray

13 Orbital Fissures/Foramen Anterior Clinoid Foramen Rotundum Pterygoid (Vidian) Canal Axial View Coronal View

14 Orbital Fissures/Foramen Anterior Clinoid Foramen Rotundum Pterygoid (Vidian) Canal Axial View Pterygoid Plates Coronal View

15 Orbital Fissures/Foramen Anterior Clinoid Optic Canal Superior Orbital Fissure Foramen Rotundum Pterygoid (Vidian) Canal Axial View Coronal View

16 Orbital Fissures/Foramen Optic Canal Anterior Clinoid Superior Orbital Fissure Foramen Rotundum Axial View Coronal View

17 Orbital Fissures/Foramen Optic Canal Anterior Clinoid Superior Orbital Fissure PPF Axial View PPF = Pterygopalatine fossa Coronal View

18 Orbital Fissures/Foramen Superior Orbital Fissure IOF Axial View IOF = Inferior orbital fissure Coronal View

19 Orbital Fissures/Foramen IOF Axial View IOF = Inferior orbital fissure Coronal View

20 Orbital Fissures/Foramen IOF Axial View IOF = Inferior orbital fissure Coronal View

21 Orbital Fissures/Foramen Infraorbital Canal Axial View Coronal View

22 Orbital Fissures/Foramen Infraorbital Canal Axial View Coronal View

23 Orbital Fissures/Foramen Infraorbital Canal Axial View Coronal View

24 Extraocular Muscles and CN innervation Superior Rectus: III Inferior Rectus: III Medial Rectus: III Lateral Rectus: VI Superior oblique: IV Inferior oblique: III Levator palpebrae: III

25 Extraocular Muscles Superior Rectus/ Levator Axial View Lateral Rectus Inferior Rectus Medial Rectus Coronal View

26 Extraocular Muscles Superior Rectus/ Levator Lateral Rectus Medial Rectus Axial View Lateral Rectus Inferior Rectus Medial Rectus Coronal View

27 Extraocular Muscles Superior Rectus/ Levator Superior Oblique Axial View Superior Medial Oblique Rectus Coronal View

28 Extraocular Muscles Superior Oblique Superior Rectus/ Levator Axial View Superior Medial Oblique Rectus Coronal View

29 Extraocular Muscles Sagittal View

30 Cranial Nerve II: Optic Nerve Optic Canal Optic Nerve Origin: Globe Course: Orbit, Optic Canal, Optic Chiasm, Tract, Thalamus Not a true Cranial Nerve: Extension of the diencephalon

31 Optic Canal Anterior Clinoid Optic Canal

32 Cranial Nerve III: Oculomotor Nerve Origin: Midbrain Course: Cistern (passes between posterior cerebral artery and superior cerebellar artery) Cavernous sinus Superior Orbital Fissure CN III Cerebral Peduncle Orbit Exit Skull base: Superior Orbital Fissure

33 Cranial Nerve III: Oculomotor Nerve Cavernous Sinus CN III Origin: Midbrain Course: Cistern (passes between posterior cerebral artery and superior cerebellar artery) Cavernous sinus Superior Orbital Fissure Orbit Exit Skull base: Superior Orbital Fissure

34 Cranial Nerve IV: Trochlear Nerve Origin: Posterior Midbrain Course: Posterior origin Travels anteriorly through cistern Cavernous sinus Superior orbital fissure Orbit Innervation: Superior Oblique Muscle

35 Cranial Nerve V: Trigeminal Nerve CN V Origin: Pons Course: Cistern Trigeminal ganglion Divides into (3) branches: V1 Ophthalmic, V2 Maxillary, V3 Mandibular V1 and V2 pass through the cavernous sinus before exiting the skull. V3 does not pass through the cavernous sinus

36 V1:Superior Orbital Fissure Anterior Clinoid Process Optic Canal SOF Superior Orbital Optic Canal Fissure Anterior Clinoid Process

37 V2: Foramen Rotundum Foramen Rotundum

38 V2: Inferior Orbital Fissure

39 V2: Infraorbital Canal/Foramen

40 V3: Foramen Ovale Foramen Spinosum Foramen Ovale

41 V3: Foramen Ovale

42 Cranial Nerve VI: Abducens Nerve Origin: pontomedullary junction Course: Cistern Cavernous sinus Superior orbital fissure Orbit Innervation: Lateral rectus muscle

43 Lacrimal Gland Lacrimal Gland

44 Vascular Supply to Orbit Ophthalmic Arteries Superior Ophthalmic Vein

45 Squamous Portion Zygomatic Process Tympanic Portion Mastoid Portion

46

47 Zygomatic Process Tympanic Portion Axial View

48 Squamous Portion Petrous Portion Axial View Mastoid Portion

49 Styloid Process Coronal View

50 External Auditory Canal EAC EAC Coronal View EAC = External Auditory Canal Tympanic Membrane Axial View

51 Ossicles Malleus Incus Malleus Tympanic Membrane Articulates with the incus Incus Articulates with the malleus and stapes Stapes Stapes Angled Coronal View Tympanic Membrane Articulates with the incus Oval Window

52 Ossicles Malleus Incus Axial View

53 Ossicles Malleus Stapes Oval Window Incus Axial View

54 MRI: Axial View Cochlea CT: Axial View CT: Coronal View

55 Semicircular Canals Lateral SCC MRI: Axial View CT: Axial View

56 Semicircular Canals CT: Coronal View Anterior (Superior) SCC Posterior SCC

57 Semicircular Canals CT: Coronal View Anterior (Superior) SCC Posterior SCC

58 Cranial Nerves VII: Facial Nerve Origin: Pontomedullary junction Course: 6 Segments Cisternal Intracanalicular Labyrinthine Tympanic Mastoid Extracranial Branches: GPN, Chorda Tympani, Stapedius, Muscles of facial expression

59 Internal Auditory Canal (IAC) Internal Auditory Canal Internal Auditory Canal

60 Cisternal and Intracanalicular Vestibulocochlear Nerve Facial Nerve Sup Vestib Nerve Cochlear Nerve Inf Vestib Nerve

61 Geniculate Ganglion Geniculate Ganglion Greater Petrosal Nerve Tympanic Segment Facial Nerve

62 Tympanic Segment Facial Nerve Tympanic Segment

63 Mastoid Segment Facial Nerve Mastoid Segment

64 Mastoid Segment Facial Nerve Stylomastoid Foramen

65 CN VIII: Vestibulocochlear Nerve Sensory Nerve Cochlea: Cochlear division (hearing) Vestibular division (balance): Semicircular canals Course: Internal Auditory Canal Cistern Pontomedullary junction

66 Intracanalicular Facial Nerve Porus Acusticus Anterior Posterior Facial Nerve 7-up, Coke down Cochlear Nerve Superior Vestibular Nerve Inferior Vestibular Nerve IAC

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