Non-cranial nerve nuclei

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1 Brainstem

2 Non-cranial nerve nuclei Nucleus Gracile nucleus Cuneate nucleus Infeiro olivary nucleus Pontine nucleus inferior colliculus superior colliculus Red nucleus Substantia nigra Pretectal area Site Medulla (underneath gracile tubercle) Medulla (underneath cuneate tubercle) Medulla pons Midbrain Midbrain Midbrain Midbrain Midbrain

3 Non-cranial nerve nuclei in medulla oblongata Gracile nucleus Cuneate nucleus Internal arcuate fiber Decussation of medial lemniscus

4 Inferior olivary nucleus

5 Non-cranial nerve nuclei in pons Pontine nucleus

6 Non-cranial nerve nuclei in midbrain Nucleus of inferior colliculus

7 superior colliculus

8 Red nucleus Substantia nigra

9 Degeneration of the substantia nigra can result in Parkinson s disease

10

11

12 Pretectal area The junction of midbrain and diencephalon The efferent fibers project to the bilateral accessory nucleus of oculomotor nerve, involving both direct and indirect light reflex of eye.

13

14 White matter Ascending tracts Medial lemniscus Spinal lemniscus Trigeminal lemniscus Lateral lemniscus

15 Medial lemniscus Ventral posterolateral nucleus Conduct the proprioceptive and fine touch of the contralateral trunk and limbs

16 Spinothalamic lemniscus (tract) Transfers the pain, temperature and rough touchpressure sensation of the contralateral trunk and limbs

17 Trigeminal lemniscus (trigeminothalamic tract) Ventral posteromedial nucleus of thalamus Trigeminal ganglia Conduct the pain, temperature and touchpressure sensation from the skin,teeth and mucous membrane of contralateral head and face

18 Lateral lemniscus From bilatral cochlear nuclei and superior olivary nuclei Terminated to the nucleus of inferior colliculus or the medial genticulate body Conducts the auditory sensation of both ears

19 Descending tracts Pyramid tract: Corticospinal tract (to spinal cord) Corticobulbar tract (to brainstem) Rubrospinal tract Tectospinal tract Vestibulospinal tract Reticulospinal tract

20 Corticospinal tract

21 Corticobulbar tract Innervate bilateral general somatic motor nuclei and special visceral motor nuclei Lower part of the nucleus of facial nerve and nucleus of hypoglossal nerve only receive the fibers of contralateral corticobulnar tract. Nucleus of Oculomotor n. Nucleus of trochlear Motor nucleus of trigeminal n. Nucleus of facial n. Upper lower Corticonuclear tract Nucleus of abducent n. Nucleus of ambiguus n. Nucleus of hypoglossal n. Nucleus of accessory n.

22

23 Reticular formation of brain stem Ascending reticular activating system (ARAS) Motor central and vital centres Cardiovascular center and respiratory center Serotonergic rapheal nuclei

24 Transverse section through decussation of medial lemniscus Gracile nucleus Cuneate nucleus Internal arcuate fiber Spinal nucleus of trigeminal n. Dorsal nucleus of vagus n. Nucleus of solitary tract 请在此放置您的文字 Nucleus of ambiguus Nucleus of hypoglossal n. Decussation of medial lemniscus Hypoglossal n. pyramidal tract

25 Transverse section through mid-olive level (medulla oblongata) Necleus of hypoglossal n. Nucleus of solitary tract Nucleus of vestibular Dorsal nucleus of vagus n. Inferior cerebella peduncle Spinal nucleus of trigeminal n. Nucleus of ambiguus Inferior olivary nucleus Hypoglossal n. pyramid Spinal thalamic tract Medial lemniscus

26 Transverse section through facial colliculus (pons) Nucleus of abducent n. Genu of facial n. Spinal nucleus of trigeminal n Superior cerebella peduncle Nucleus of facial n. Lateral lamniscus Medial lamniscus & trapeziod body Pontine nucleus Pyramid tract

27 Transverse section through level of superior colliculus (midbrain) Accessory nuleus of oculomotor n. Superior colliculus Mesencephlic nucleus of trigeminal n. Nucleus of oculomotor n. Medial lemniscus Red nucleus Parieto-occipitotemporopontine tract Substential nigra Pyramid tract Frontal pontine tract

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