Content Display. - Introduction to Unit 4. Unit 4 - Cardiorespiratory Response to Exercise : Lesson 1. KINE xxxx Exercise Physiology
|
|
- Samantha Wood
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Content Display Unit 4 - Cardiorespiratory Response to Exercise : Lesson KINE xxxx Exercise Physiology 5 Unit 4 - Cardiorespiratory Response to Exercise Lesson U4LP - Introduction to Unit 4 The specific topic of Unit 4 is cardiorespiratory response to exercise. This will be presented in three lessons. In this first lesson, in addition to introducing and giving an overview of the Unit, I will address concepts that apply to the more general topic of cardiorespiratory exercise physiology. Then I will focus on respiration in Lesson 2 and on cardiovascular physiology in Lesson 3. The approach in this unit will be a little different from the approach taken in Units -3. I will present less topical content ( lecture material ) online in this unit, compared with previous units (especially Units 2 and 3). Instead, I will try to highlight major concepts in a more summary fashion. Thus, you will find fewer online pages in this unit than in the previous ones. The tradeoff is that you will have to rely more on the textbook. We will continue to use WebBoard discussions; perhaps the contents of these may have to be changed a little to better complement the difference in presentation of content in this unit. Contents of Lesson : Description Page Introduction to Unit 4 - Lesson -5 Cardiorespiratory Exercise Physiology 6 Glossary of Selected Terms and Abbreviations 7-8 The Fick Equation 9- Summary Introduction of Cardiorespiratory Variables Related to VO2 2 2 U4LP2 of 3 5/7/200 3:50 PM
2 - Introduction to Unit 4 Assignments. Read, study and master the content presented online in Lessons Read and study in the textbook: Chapter 9, Circulatory Adaptations to Exercise (omit details about electrocardiograms in Figure 9.8-0) Chapter 0, Respiration during Exercise Chapter, Acid-Base Balance during Exercise (read and study as overview only, unless specific topics are addressed in online lessons) Related sections of Chapter 3, The Physiology of Training etc. (for this unit, focus on the parts of the chapter related to cardiorespiratory physiology) You may also want to check key terms in the textbook index; sometimes topics are addressed in several places throughout a textbook. 3. Participate in conference discussions on WebBoard. 4. Check the Announcements Page for other possible assignments. 3 U4LP3 2 of 3 5/7/200 3:50 PM
3 - Introduction to Unit 4 - Lesson (cont.) Following is an outline of the content of Unit 4 Cardiorespiratory Response to Exercise. The pertinent sections of this outline are also listed at the beginning of each lesson. The purpose of the outline here is to show how the topics of the entire unit are organized. Outline of Content I. Lesson Overview A. Overview of Unit and Lesson B. Glossary of Selected Terms and Abbreviations C. The Fick Equation D. Summary Introduction of Cardiorespiratory Variables Related to VO2 II. Lesson 2 Respiration A. Overview B. Ventilation C. Response of Minute Volume of Ventilation to Exercise D. Gas Exchange E. Gas Transport. Oxygen 2. Carbon dioxide F. Respiration and Acid-Base Regulation G. Regulation of Ventilation 4 U4LP4 3 of 3 5/7/200 3:50 PM
4 - Introduction to Unit 4 - Lesson (cont.) III. Lesson 3 Cardiovascular Physiology A. Introduction B. Cardiac Physiology C. Vascular Physiology D. Summary of Cardiovascular Responses to Exercise. Introduction 2. Cardiovascular Responses to Acute Volume-Overload Exercise 3. Cardiovascular Adaptations to Volume-Overload Training 4. Cardiovascular Responses to Acute Pressure-Overload Exercise 5. Cardiovascular Adaptations to Pressure-Overload Training 5 U4LP5 4 of 3 5/7/200 3:50 PM
5 - Introduction to Unit 4 - Lesson Learning Objectives Specific learning objectives related to just Lesson are listed below. They are relatively few in number, because this is an introductory lesson. Specific learning objectives for the other lessons in this unit are listed at the beginning of each lesson. If you fulfill all of those objectives, you will understand the most important concepts presented in the unit. Therefore, you should use the objectives as a study guide, to check whether you understand the most important points. But, the objectives certainly do not exhaustively address everything one should know to thoroughly understand the course content. Therefore, I urge you to seek understanding beyond the listed objectives. In addition to the lists of specific objectives, at the end of each lesson I have listed additional activities that should help you in your reviews. Also, we will discuss various topics in the lessons in WebBoard conferences. You should feel free to post your questions for discussion on the WebBoard. After completion of Lesson, the student should be able to:. Define common terms used in cardiorespiratory exercise physiology. 2. Discuss the Fick Equation, including answers to the following questions: What is the basic Fick Equation related to VO2? What is the value of the Fick Equation in its various forms? What are variables that can be directly related to VO2 via the Fick Equation? 6 U4LP6 5 of 3 5/7/200 3:50 PM
6 - Cardiorespiratory Exercise Physiology The term cardiorespiratory is used to refer to everything related to blood flow and respiration. Literally, cardio refers to just the heart. But the cardio in cardiorespiratory refers to the entire circulatory system, including the heart and the vascular system (blood vessels), and anything else related to their function. As noted in the Introduction to the Unit, Lesson 2 of this unit will address the respiratory aspects of cardiorespiratory, and Lesson 3 will address the cardio-circulatory or cardiovascular aspects. I want to do three things in this first lesson in terms of concepts: I will present a list or glossary of basic terms you should know to help you to understand cardiorespiratory exercise physiology, and specifically the more expanded discussions in Lessons 2 and 3. As a part of the glossary, I will give common abbreviations. As mentioned elsewhere in this course, abbreviations are part of the essential vocabulary and jargon of any discipline. I will present an overview of cardiorespiratory physiology using the Fick Equation, in its various forms, as an outline. I will present a summary introduction of individual cardiorespiratory variables that are directly related to oxygen consumption (VO2). 7 U4LP7 - Glossary of Selected Terms and Abbreviations 6 of 3 5/7/200 3:50 PM
7 alveolar ventilation. The process of exchanging air between the atmosphere and the gas-exchange regions (respiratory zone) of the lungs. This can also be expressed as the amount of air exchanged per minute, the minute volume of alveolar ventilation (VA) in ml/min or L/min. arterial oxygen content (CaO2). The concentration of oxygen in the arterial blood. Usually expressed in milliliters of oxygen per deciliter (00 ml) of blood (ml O2/dL blood). arterial-venous oxygen difference (a-v O2 diff). The mathematical difference between the content (concentration) of oxygen in the arterial blood and the content of oxygen in the venous blood. When considering the entire body, the term mixed venous is used. Mixed venous blood is sampled from the very end of the systemic circulation, before the blood returns to the lungs to add oxygen. It represents the average of the venous blood that has drained all the tissues of the body. Usually expressed in milliliters of oxygen per deciliter (00 ml) of blood (ml O2/dL blood). cardiac cycle. One complete series of events in the heart that includes systole and diastole. cardiac output (C.O.). The volume of blood pumped by the heart per minute. Usually expressed in liters of blood per minute (L/min). dead space (DS). The segments of the pulmonary system in which air does not undergo gas exchange with the blood. Often expressed as a volume (ml). diastole. The portion or phase of a cardiac cycle during which the heart muscle is not contracting. diastolic blood pressure (DBP). The pressure in a given part of the arterial circulation when it is at its lowest during diastole. Usually expressed in millimeters of mercury (mm Hg). end-diastolic volume (EDV). The volume of blood in a specific chamber of the heart at the end of diastole. Expressed in liters (L) or milliliters (ml). end-systolic volume (ESV). The volume of blood in a specific chamber of the heart at the end of systole. Expressed in liters (L) or milliliters (ml). heart rate (HR). The number of times the heart beats per minute, or the number of cardiac cycles per minute. Expressed in beats per minute (bpm). hemoglobin (Hb). The iron-containing protein in red blood cells that has a primary function of reversibly binding oxygen. Concentration in blood is expressed as grams of Hb per deciliter (00 ml) of blood -- g/dl. 7 of 3 5/7/200 3:50 PM
8 8 U4LP8 - Glossary of Selected Terms and Abbreviations cont. mean (arterial) blood pressure (MAP). The average arterial blood pressure over the course of one complete cardiac cycle. Usually expressed in millimeters of mercury (mm Hg). minute volume of ventilation. The total volume of air either breathed out of (VE) or breathed into (VI) the lungs per minute. Expressed in L/min or ml/min. mixed venous blood (often abbreviated as a v with a bar over it, similar to bar-x indicating mean or average). Blood that represents a weighted average of the venous blood that has drained all tissues in the body, prior to entering the pulmonary capillaries for gas exchange. partial pressure (P). The pressure of a single gas in a mixture of gases or in solution (e.g., in the blood). Usually expressed in mm Hg. pulmonary ventilation. The process of exchanging air between the lungs and the atmosphere outside the body. stroke volume (SV). The volume of blood ejected from the heart in a single beat. Expressed in liters (L) or milliliters (ml) per beat. systole. The portion or phase of a cardiac cycle during which the heart muscle is contracting. systolic blood pressure (SBP). The pressure in a given part of the arterial circulation when it is at its highest during systole. Usually expressed in millimeters of mercury (mm Hg). tidal volume (TV or VT). The volume of air breathed in or out in a single breath. total peripheral resistance (TPR). The resistance to blood flow provided by the entire vascular system. venous oxygen content (CvO2). The concentration of oxygen in the venous blood. Usually expressed in milliliters of oxygen per deciliter (00 ml) of blood (ml O2/dL blood). 8 of 3 5/7/200 3:50 PM
9 9 U4LP9 - The Fick Equation The Fick Equation describes the mathematical relationship among different cardiorespiratory variables. We will not do much with this equation in terms of quantitative manipulations, although more advanced students will gain deeper understanding of exercise physiology by doing so. One reason I am addressing the Fick Equation here is that no course could claim to be an overview course in exercise physiology without at least mentioning the Fick Equation. The more important reason is that this equation makes an excellent outline for studying cardiorespiratory physiology in general, and the cardiorespiratory responses to exercise in particular. On the next page is a list of equations starting with the basic Fick Equation and followed by expansions of the Equation in different ways to include different variables. Here, I am going to just list the equations. I will not give mathematical examples or present explanations. The next two lessons will address specific aspects of these equations and the relationships they describe. We will also address these further in conference discussions. You should refer back to the list of terms presented earlier in this lesson as you need reminders of definitions or abbreviations. I will express the equations with reference to rate of oxygen consumption (VO2). A similar list of equations could be presented with reference to rate of carbon dioxide production (VCO2). The Fick Equation is often used by physiologists to study just one body segment. Let s assume that we are dealing with the whole body. 0 U4LP0 9 of 3 5/7/200 3:50 PM
10 - The Fick Equation (cont.) The basic Fick Equation: VO2 = C.O. x (a-v O2 diff) Variations of the Fick Equation involving different expressions of cardiac output VO2 = HR x SV x (a-v O2 diff ) VO2 = HR x (EDV - ESV) x (a-v O2 diff ) VO2 = (MAP / TPR) x (a-v O2 diff ) During exercise, MAP is approximately the average of the systolic and diastolic blood pressures. Therefore, during exercise: VO2 = (((SBP + DBP) / 2) / TPR) x (a-v O2 diff ) Variations of the Fick Equation involving different expressions of a-v O2 difference VO2 = C.O. x (CaO2 CvO2) Ignoring the very small amount of oxygen that is dissolved in blood when breathing normal atmospheric air: VO2 = C.O. x.34 x [Hb] x (SaO2 SvO2) [Hb] = concentration of hemoglobin in the blood; S = the % saturation of hemoglobin with O2, expressed as a fraction. U4LP 0 of 3 5/7/200 3:50 PM
11 - The Fick Equation (cont.) Wasn t that exciting! I know the mathematicians among us are drooling over the thought of plugging numbers into those equations and calculating results. What about the rest of us? I do encourage you to look at each equation to try to understand the relationship among the variables that is expressed in the equation. And we will examine some of these in more details in Lessons 2 and 3. But the primary objective of listing these equations is to impress on you the different variables that are related in some way to VO2. We have studied VO2 extensively in this course, and we know how important VO2 is in energy metabolism. It is a critical physiological variable, as well as a very useful variable to measure in the laboratory to give important information about energy metabolism. Every equation above shows that if VO2 changes (as it must during exercise), at least one of the variables on the other side of the equation must also change. For example, the basic Fick Equation states: VO2 = C.O. x (a-v O2 diff). Since we know that VO2 increases in response to acute exercise, this equation tells us that cardiac output and/or arterial-mixed venous oxygen difference changes also. In fact, during dynamic exercise, compared with the resting state, as VO2 increases there normally are increases in both cardiac output and a-v O2 difference. In other words, there are cardiorespiratory adaptations to acute exercise that have to take place to support the increased oxygen consumption of skeletal muscle fibers in aerobic metabolism. Similarly, we know that VO2max typically increases in response to endurance training. The Fick Equation tells us that for VO2max to change, there has to be some change in the cardiac output and/or a-v O2 difference values associated with VO2max. In other words, there must be cardiorespiratory adaptations to the endurance training 2 U4LP2 of 3 5/7/200 3:50 PM
12 - Summary Introduction of Cardiorespiratory Variables Related to VO2 Before going on to more detailed discussions of respiratory and cardiovascular exercise physiology in the next lessons, I want to present one more list. Following is a list of every variable in the equations listed previously. I am listing these partly to impress upon you the many cardiorespiratory factors that can, and often do, change in response to exercise and other stresses to support the needs of the body s tissues. Also, I am listing these variables to guide your studying of cardiorespiratory exercise physiology. Thorough understanding of this topic requires understanding of the response of each of these variables to acute and chronic exercise. Variables related to VO2: C.O. cardiac output a-v O2 diff arterial-venous oxygen difference HR heart rate SV stroke volume EDV end-diastolic volume ESV end-systolic volume MAP mean arterial pressure TPR total peripheral resistance SBP systolic blood pressure DBP diastolic blood pressure CaO2 content (concentration) of oxygen in arterial blood CvO2 content (concentration) of oxygen in venous blood [Hb] hemoglobin concentration in the blood SaO2 saturation of arterial blood (hemoglobin) with oxygen SvO2 saturation of venous blood (hemoglobin) with oxygen Unfortunately for the beginning student, this list is not exhaustive. It includes just variables that can be quantitatively and fairly directly linked to VO2. Many other variables relate to the cardiorespiratory response to exercise. We will study some of those in the rest of this unit, as well as the variables in the list above. Attention to other variables will have to await more advanced study by those who choose it. 2 of 3 5/7/200 3:50 PM
13 Cancel Key: Course Module Lesson Page SubLesson SubLesson Page Copyright 999 VCampus Corporation All rights reserved. 3 of 3 5/7/200 3:50 PM
Critical Care Monitoring. Assessing the Adequacy of Tissue Oxygenation. Tissue Oxygenation - Step 1. Tissue Oxygenation
Critical Care Monitoring 1 Assessing the Adequacy of Tissue oxygenation is the end-product of many complex steps 2 - Step 1 Oxygen must be made available to alveoli 3 1 - Step 2 Oxygen must cross the alveolarcapillary
More informationMechanical Ventilation. Assessing the Adequacy of Tissue Oxygenation. Tissue Oxygenation - Step 1. Tissue Oxygenation
1 Mechanical Ventilation Assessing the Adequacy of 2 Tissue oxygenation is the end-product of many complex steps - Step 1 3 Oxygen must be made available to alveoli 1 - Step 2 4 Oxygen must cross the alveolarcapillary
More informationQATs. VCE Physical Education SCHOOL-ASSESSED COURSEWORK UNIT 3 OUTCOME 2. Introduction. Quality Assessment Tasks
QATs Quality Assessment s Introduction UNIT 3 OUTCOME 2 VCE Physical Education SCHOOL-ASSESSED COURSEWORK Outcome 2 Use data collected in practical activities to analyse how the major body and energy systems
More informationLecture 10. Circulatory systems; flow dynamics, flow regulation in response to environmental and internal conditions.
Lecture 10 Circulatory systems; flow dynamics, flow regulation in response to environmental and internal conditions Professor Simchon Influence of P O2 on Hemoglobin Saturation Hemoglobin saturation plotted
More informationCardiac Output. Graphics are used with permission of: adam.com ( Benjamin Cummings Publishing Co (
Interactive Physiology Cardiac Output Graphics are used with permission of: adam.com (http://www.adam.com/) Benjamin Cummings Publishing Co (http://www.aw.com/bc) Page 1. Introduction Cardiac output is
More informationSelf Assessment of Cardiovascular Fitness Cardiovascular Formulas. Grattan Woodson, M.D., FACP
Self Assessment of Cardiovascular Fitness Cardiovascular Formulas Grattan Woodson, M.D., FACP Table of Contents Physical Fitness formulas... 3 Peak Exercise... 3 METS... 3 VO2 Max... 3 Ventilatory Equivalent
More informationThe cardiovascular and respiratory system
The cardiovascular and respiratory system For this unit you need to be able to... Learning Outcomes: Covered? Confident? Understand and be able to give sporting examples of when each respiratory system
More informationChapter 1: Exercise Physiology. ACE Personal Trainer Manual Third Edition
Chapter 1: Exercise Physiology ACE Personal Trainer Manual Third Edition Introduction Physiology is the study of the myriad functions in a living organism. Exercise physiology is the study of the ways
More informationChapter 9, Part 2. Cardiocirculatory Adjustments to Exercise
Chapter 9, Part 2 Cardiocirculatory Adjustments to Exercise Electrical Activity of the Heart Contraction of the heart depends on electrical stimulation of the myocardium Impulse is initiated in the right
More informationCirculation: Chapter 25. Cardiac Output. The Mammalian Heart Fig Right side of the heart
Circulation: Chapter 25 1. Limits of Diffusion A. Small organisms use diffusion B. rapid over small distances 2. Most animals have circulatory systems A. Blood B. Pump (Heart) or propulsive structures
More informationApplied anatomy and physiology: definitions of key terms
Applied anatomy and physiology: definitions of key terms See pages 5 46 These are the key terms from Chapter 1. Try cutting them out and then matching the key terms with their definitions, or asking friends
More informationHuman Circulation and Respiration Chapter 38
Human Circulation and Respiration Chapter 38 Goals: 1. Compare closed and open circulatory systems. 2. Label the parts of the human heart. 3. Explain how blood travels through the heart; identify chambers
More informationChapter 38: Pulmonary Circulation, Pulmonary Edema, Pleural Fluid UNIT VII. Slides by Robert L. Hester, PhD
UNIT VII Chapter 38: Pulmonary Circulation, Pulmonary Edema, Pleural Fluid Slides by Robert L. Hester, PhD Objectives Describe the pulmonary circulation Describe the pulmonary blood pressures List the
More informationTHE STRUCTURE OF THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc. 1
THE STRUCTURE OF THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM 2015 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc. 1 250-350g Left of the midline Size of a closed fist Two sides are separated by the septum The pericardium is the
More informationIntroduction. Invasive Hemodynamic Monitoring. Determinants of Cardiovascular Function. Cardiovascular System. Hemodynamic Monitoring
Introduction Invasive Hemodynamic Monitoring Audis Bethea, Pharm.D. Assistant Professor Therapeutics IV January 21, 2004 Hemodynamic monitoring is necessary to assess and manage shock Information obtained
More informationFOLLOW-UP MEDICAL CARE OF SERVICE MEMBERS AND VETERANS CARDIOPULMONARY EXERCISE TESTING
Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing Chapter 13 FOLLOW-UP MEDICAL CARE OF SERVICE MEMBERS AND VETERANS CARDIOPULMONARY EXERCISE TESTING WILLIAM ESCHENBACHER, MD* INTRODUCTION AEROBIC METABOLISM ANAEROBIC METABOLISM
More information3. Which of the following would be inconsistent with respiratory alkalosis? A. ph = 7.57 B. PaCO = 30 mm Hg C. ph = 7.63 D.
Pilbeam: Mechanical Ventilation, 4 th Edition Test Bank Chapter 1: Oxygenation and Acid-Base Evaluation MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. The diffusion of carbon dioxide across the alveolar capillary membrane is. A.
More informationMAXIMAL AEROBIC POWER (VO 2max /VO 2peak ) Application to Training and Performance
MAXIMAL AEROBIC POWER (VO 2max /VO 2peak ) Application to Training and Performance Presented by Coaching and Sports Science Division of the United States Olympic Committee Revised July 2004 MAXIMAL AEROBIC
More informationPerformance Enhancement. Cardiovascular/Respiratory Systems and Athletic Performance
Performance Enhancement Cardiovascular/Respiratory Systems and Athletic Performance Functions of the Cardiovascular System Deliver oxygen & nutrients to body tissues Carry wastes from the cells Anatomy
More informationDO 2 > VO 2. The amount of oxygen delivered is a product of cardiac output (L/min) and the amount of oxygen in the arterial blood (ml/dl).
Shock (Part 1): Review and Diagnostic Approach Jeffrey M. Todd, DVM, DACVECC University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN Overview Shock is the clinical presentation of inadequate oxygen utilization, typically
More informationCalculations the Cardiac Cath Lab. Thank You to: Lynn Jones RN, RCIS, FSICP Jeff Davis RCIS, FSICP Wes Todd, RCIS CardioVillage.
Calculations the Cardiac Cath Lab Thank You to: Lynn Jones RN, RCIS, FSICP Jeff Davis RCIS, FSICP Wes Todd, RCIS CardioVillage.com Disclosure Information Calculations the Cardiac Cath Lab Darren Powell,
More informationSection 37 1 The Circulatory System (pages )
Chapter 37 Circulatory and Respiratory Systems Section 37 1 The Circulatory System (pages 943 950) Key Concepts What are the structures of the circulatory system? What are the three types of blood vessels
More informationSection 37 1 The Circulatory System (pages )
Chapter 37 Circulatory and Respiratory Systems Section 37 1 The Circulatory System (pages 943 950) What are the structures of the circulatory system? What are the three types of blood vessels in the circulatory
More informationFUNDAMENTALS OF HEMODYNAMICS, VASOACTIVE DRUGS AND IABP IN THE FAILING HEART
FUNDAMENTALS OF HEMODYNAMICS, VASOACTIVE DRUGS AND IABP IN THE FAILING HEART CINDY BITHER, MSN, ANP, ANP, AACC, CHFN CHIEF NP, ADV HF PROGRAM MEDSTAR WASHINGTON HOSPITAL CENTER CONFLICTS OF INTEREST NONE
More informationCardiac Output MCQ. Professor of Cardiovascular Physiology. Cairo University 2007
Cardiac Output MCQ Abdel Moniem Ibrahim Ahmed, MD Professor of Cardiovascular Physiology Cairo University 2007 90- Guided by Ohm's law when : a- Cardiac output = 5.6 L/min. b- Systolic and diastolic BP
More informationDr. Puntarica Suwanprathes. Version 2007
Dr. Puntarica Suwanprathes Version 2007 O 2 and CO 2 transport in blood Oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve O 2 consumption (VO 2 ) CO 2 production (VCO 2 ) O 2 capacity O 2 content: CaO 2 or CvO 2 %saturation
More informationLesson 10 Circulatory System (Nelson p.88-93)
Name: Date: Lesson 10 Circulatory System (Nelson p.88-93) Learning Goals: A. I can explain the primary functions of the circulatory system in animals. B. I can identify and explain all the parts of the
More informationChapter 12. Methods for Aerobic Training and Physiologic Responses
Chapter 12 Methods for Aerobic Training and Physiologic Responses Aerobic Performance Purpose of training Improve performance General principles of physical conditioning Specificity Overload Aerobic Performance
More informationPulmonary circulation. Lung Blood supply : lungs have a unique blood supply system :
Dr. Ali Naji Pulmonary circulation Lung Blood supply : lungs have a unique blood supply system : 1. Pulmonary circulation 2. Bronchial circulation 1- Pulmonary circulation : receives the whole cardiac
More information"Acute cardiovascular responses to different types of exercise and in different populations"
"Acute cardiovascular responses to different types of exercise and in different populations" Dott. Anna Baraldo Phd Course In Science of Physical Exercise and Human Movement - 24 Department of Neurological
More informationLangara College Spring archived
COURSE DETAILS Department of Human Kinetics and Recreation Human Kinetics 1191 Anatomy & Physiology II Term: 2007-10 Sections: 001, 002, 003 Lecture/Seminar/Lab Hrs: 2: 0: 2 Credits: 3 Schedule: Section
More informationChapter 21 Training for Anaerobic and Aerobic Power
Section 06: Exercise Training to Improve Performance Chapter 21 Training for Anaerobic and Aerobic Power Chapter 22 Muscular Strength: Training Muscles to Become Stronger Chapter 23 Special Aids to Exercise
More information3/10/2009 VESSELS PHYSIOLOGY D.HAMMOUDI.MD. Palpated Pulse. Figure 19.11
VESSELS PHYSIOLOGY D.HAMMOUDI.MD Palpated Pulse Figure 19.11 1 shows the common sites where the pulse is felt. 1. Temporal artery at the temple above and to the outer side of the eye 2. External maxillary
More informationCardiovascular Responses to Exercise
CARDIOVASCULAR PHYSIOLOGY 69 Case 13 Cardiovascular Responses to Exercise Cassandra Farias is a 34-year-old dietician at an academic medical center. She believes in the importance of a healthy lifestyle
More informationCirculation And Blood. Circulation And Blood. Circulation And Blood. Circulation And Blood. Blood 10/22/2012
Cells in our body build their own membranes and organelles Make their own ATP Assemble their own enzymes and other proteins And may manufacture substances used elsewhere in the body To do these things,
More informationName Class Date. Complete each of the following sentences by choosing the correct term from the word bank.
Skills Worksheet Chapter Review USING KEY TERMS Complete each of the following sentences by choosing the correct term from the word bank. red blood cells veins white blood cells arteries lymphatic system
More informationCARDIO-RESPIRATORY RESPONSE TO EXERCISE IN NORMAL CHILDREN
Clinical Science (1971) 40, 419431. CARDIORESPIRATORY RESPONSE TO EXERCISE IN NORMAL CHILDREN S. GODFREY, C. T. M. DAVIES, E. WOZNIAK AND CAROLYN A. BARNES Institute of Diseases of the Chest, London, and
More informationUnit 23.1: The Circulatory System
Unit 23.1: The Circulatory System This color-enhanced image was made with an electron microscope, so the objects it depicts are extremely small. Do you know what they are? This incredible photo shows red
More informationCVS Hemodynamics. Faisal I. Mohammed, MD,PhD.
CVS Hemodynamics Faisal I. Mohammed, MD,PhD. Objectives point out the physical characteristics of the circulation: distribution of blood volume total cross sectional area velocity blood pressure List the
More informationThe Circulatory System. The Heart, Blood Vessels, Blood Types
The Circulatory System The Heart, Blood Vessels, Blood Types The Closed Circulatory System Humans have a closed circulatory system, typical of all vertebrates, in which blood is confined to vessels and
More informationd) Cardiovascular System Higher Human Biology
d) Cardiovascular System Higher Human Biology What can your remember about the heart and blood vessels? What is the Cardiovascular System? The cardiovascular system, also known as the circulatory system,
More informationChapter 12. Capillaries. Circulation. The circulatory system connects with all body tissues
Chapter 12 Circulation The circulatory system connects with all body s In many animals, microscopic blood vessels called capillaries Form an intricate network among the Red blood cell song Figure 23.1A
More informationChronic Response to Exercise.
Definitions: When regular exercise bouts occur where the appropriate training methods and principles are applied over an extended period of time (ie. Months) the body responds to the stress placed upon
More informationIP: Regulation of Cardiac Output
ANP 1105D Winter 2013 Assignment 9: The Heart, part 2: Chap... Assignment 9: The Heart, part 2: Chapter 18 Signed in as Alex Sokolowski Help Close Resources Due: 11:59pm on Monday, March 25, 2013 Note:
More informationUNIVERSITY OF BOLTON SCHOOL OF SPORT AND BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES SPORT PATHWAYS WITH FOUNDATION YEAR SEMESTER TWO EXAMINATIONS 2015/2016
LH8 UNIVERSITY OF BOLTON SCHOOL OF SPORT AND BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES SPORT PATHWAYS WITH FOUNDATION YEAR SEMESTER TWO EXAMINATIONS 2015/2016 INTRODUCTION TO HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY MODULE NO: SRB3008 Date: Monday
More informationIdentify and describe the circulation system that is missing from the organizer above.
Lesson 15.1 NOTES: The Circulatory System (Unlock) Essential Question: -What are the structures and functions of the circulatory system? Learning Target(s): -I can identify structures and explain functions
More informationEnergy sources in skeletal muscle
Energy sources in skeletal muscle Pathway Rate Extent ATP/glucose 1. Direct phosphorylation Extremely fast Very limited - 2. Glycolisis Very fast limited 2-3 3. Oxidative phosphorylation Slow Unlimited
More informationThe Circulatory System
The Circulatory System Key Questions What are the functions of the circulatory system? How does the heart pump blood through the body? What are three types of blood vessels? Vocabulary myocardium atrium
More informationOmar Sami. Mustafa Khader. Yanal Shafaqouj
8 Omar Sami Mustafa Khader Yanal Shafaqouj Let us retrieve our discussion about the ventilation-perfusion ratio (V/Q). - When (V/Q) is Zero this means that no ventilation is taking place, V is Zero; bronchial
More information*Generating blood pressure *Routing blood: separates. *Ensuring one-way blood. *Regulating blood supply *Changes in contraction
*Generating blood pressure *Routing blood: separates pulmonary and systemic circulations *Ensuring one-way blood flow: valves *Regulating blood supply *Changes in contraction rate and force match blood
More informationCardiac output and Venous Return. Faisal I. Mohammed, MD, PhD
Cardiac output and Venous Return Faisal I. Mohammed, MD, PhD 1 Objectives Define cardiac output and venous return Describe the methods of measurement of CO Outline the factors that regulate cardiac output
More informationLevel 2 Anatomy and Physiology Bite size revision. Respiratory System. The order of the passage of oxygen into the body (inhalation/inspiration) is: -
Respiratory System Function of the respiratory system The lungs are located in the chest cavity and their function is to intake oxygen and remove carbon dioxide from the body. Structure of the respiratory
More informationPhysical Education Studies Year 11 ATAR. CHAPTER 5: Exercise Physiology NEXT
Physical Education Studies Year 11 ATAR CHAPTER 5: Exercise Physiology NEXT Welcome to the quiz for Chapter 5 You will be given 30 multiple choice questions Click on the correct answer Use the links to
More informationThe circulatory system transports blood to deliver important substances, such as oxygen, to cells and to remove wastes, such as carbon dioxide.
Section 1: The circulatory system transports blood to deliver important substances, such as oxygen, to cells and to remove wastes, such as carbon dioxide. K What I Know W What I Want to Find Out L What
More informationtodays practice of cardiopulmonary medicine
todays practice of cardiopulmonary medicine Concepts and Applications of Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing* Karl T. Weber, M.D.; Joseph S. Janicki, Ph.D.; Patricia A. McElroy, M.D.; and Hanumanth K. Reddy,
More informationHeart Pump and Cardiac Cycle. Faisal I. Mohammed, MD, PhD
Heart Pump and Cardiac Cycle Faisal I. Mohammed, MD, PhD 1 Objectives To understand the volume, mechanical, pressure and electrical changes during the cardiac cycle To understand the inter-relationship
More informationCHAPTER 5: Training methods and aerobic training Practice questions - text book pages 91-92
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS CHAPTER 5: Training methods and aerobic training Practice questions - text book pages 91-92 1) Mary is a 20 year old college student What is her theoretical maximum heart rate? a
More informationTopics to be Covered. Cardiac Measurements. Distribution of Blood Volume. Distribution of Pulmonary Ventilation & Blood Flow
Topics to be Covered MODULE F HEMODYNAMIC MONITORING Cardiac Output Determinants of Stroke Volume Hemodynamic Measurements Pulmonary Artery Catheterization Control of Blood Pressure Heart Failure Cardiac
More informationYear 10 GCSE Revision - Physical Education Paper 1 Fitness and Body Systems Topic Areas for Revision Key questions
Year 10 GCSE Revision - Physical Education Paper 1 Fitness and Body Systems Topic Areas for Revision Key questions 1.1 The structure and functions of the musculoskeletal s Functions of the Skeleton for
More informationA LEVEL PE PRE COURSE TASK READ EVERYTHING IN BLACK DO EVERYTHING IN RED
A LEVEL PE PRE COURSE TASK READ EVERYTHING IN BLACK DO EVERYTHING IN RED 1.1.2 CLASSIFICATION OF BONES: LONG (LEVERAGE); SHORT (WEIGHT BEARING); FLAT (PROTECTION, BROAD SURFACE FOR MUSCLE ATTACHMENT);
More informationGeneva CUSD 304 Content-Area Curriculum Frameworks Grades 6-12 Science
Geneva CUSD 304 Content-Area Curriculum Frameworks Grades 6-12 Science Mission Statement The Mission of Science Education Is: 1) To nurture an active interest in science that continues throughout life.
More informationCirculation and Respiration
Lesson 10 Circulation and Respiration Introduction to Life Processes - SCI 102 1 Circulatory System: Features and Functions All circulatory systems have three major parts The heart: a pump that keeps blood
More informationCardiovascular system
BIO 301 Human Physiology Cardiovascular system The Cardiovascular System: consists of the heart plus all the blood vessels transports blood to all parts of the body in two 'circulations': pulmonary (lungs)
More information11/12/2018. Prof. Steven S. Saliterman. Options. Prof. Paul Iaizzo s Physiology Lab, PHSL 3701
Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota http://saliterman.umn.edu/ Prof. Paul Iaizzo s Physiology Lab, PHSL 3701 Options University of Minnesota Bricker, E. Compass, 5 Types of Cardiac
More informationCHAPTER 4: The cardiovascular system
CHAPTER 4: The cardiovascular system Question - text book page 52 Why does the human body need a double circulatory system? There are two circulatory systems with quite distinct functions The pulmonary
More informationPHYSIOEX 3.0 EXERCISE 33B: CARDIOVASCULAR DYNAMICS
PHYSIOEX 3.0 EXERCISE 33B: CARDIOVASCULAR DYNAMICS Objectives 1. To define the following: blood flow; viscosity; peripheral resistance; systole; diastole; end diastolic volume; end systolic volume; stroke
More informationVCERT PE Final Test Revision
VCERT PE Final Test Revision Skeletal System This one is known as the Condyloid Joint Definition: The point at which two or more bones meet to produce movement. Slightly Moveable Joints- spine Fix Joints-
More informationCardiovascular System
Cardiovascular System Purpose Transport oxygen and nutrients Take waste products away from tissues & organs Things we learned Blood pressure: the force of blood pushing against the walls of blood vessels
More informationPrinciples of Anatomy and Physiology
Principles of Anatomy and Physiology 14 th Edition CHAPTER 20 The Cardiovascular System: The Heart Introduction The purpose of the chapter is to: 1. Learn about the components of the cardiovascular system
More informationRespiratory Physiology Part II. Bio 219 Napa Valley College Dr. Adam Ross
Respiratory Physiology Part II Bio 219 Napa Valley College Dr. Adam Ross Gas exchange Gas exchange in the lungs (to capillaries) occurs by diffusion across respiratory membrane due to differences in partial
More informationAfter you read this section, you should be able to answer these questions: What is blood? What is blood pressure? What are blood types?
CHAPTER 16 2 Blood SECTION Circulation and Respiration California Science Standards 7.5.a, 7.5.b, 7.6.j BEFORE YOU READ After you read this section, you should be able to answer these questions: What is
More information30.1 Respiratory and Circulatory Functions. KEY CONCEPT The respiratory and circulatory systems bring oxygen and nutrients to the cells.
30.1 Respiratory and Circulatory Functions KEY CONCEPT The respiratory and circulatory systems bring oxygen and nutrients to the cells. 30.1 Respiratory and Circulatory Functions The respiratory and circulatory
More informationChapter 9. Body Fluid Compartments. Body Fluid Compartments. Blood Volume. Blood Volume. Viscosity. Circulatory Adaptations to Exercise Part 4
Body Fluid Compartments Chapter 9 Circulatory Adaptations to Exercise Part 4 Total body fluids (40 L) Intracellular fluid (ICF) 25 L Fluid of each cell (75 trillion) Constituents inside cell vary Extracellular
More informationThe circulatory system
Introduction to Physiology (Course # 72336) 1 הלב עקרונות בסיסיים (הכנה למעבדת לב) Adi Mizrahi mizrahia@cc.huji.ac.il Textbook Chapter 12 2 The circulatory system To the heart Away from the heart 3 L 2.5
More informationCirculatory System. Circulatory System
Circulatory System Transportation system of the body There are two types of circulatory systems: 1. Open Circulatory System pumps blood to open ended vessels into the body cavities containing organs, then
More informationChapter 13 The Cardiovascular System: Cardiac Function
Chapter 13 The Cardiovascular System: Cardiac Function Overview of the Cardiovascular System The Path of Blood Flow through the Heart and Vasculature Anatomy of the Heart Electrical Activity of the Heart
More informationCHAPTER 26. Circulation and Gas Exchange
CHAPTER 26 Circulation and Gas Exchange CO INTRODUCTION Every organism must exchange materials with its environment Exchanges ultimately occur at the cellular level In unicellular organisms, these exchanges
More informationPHYSIOLOGY MeQ'S (Morgan) All the following statements related to blood volume are correct except for: 5 A. Blood volume is about 5 litres. B.
PHYSIOLOGY MeQ'S (Morgan) Chapter 5 All the following statements related to capillary Starling's forces are correct except for: 1 A. Hydrostatic pressure at arterial end is greater than at venous end.
More informationIntroduction to Physiology (Course # 72336) 1. Adi Mizrahi Textbook Chapter 12
Introduction to Physiology (Course # 72336) 1 עקרונות בסיסיים (הכנה למעבדת לב) הלב Adi Mizrahi mizrahia@cc.huji.ac.il Textbook Chapter 12 2 The circulatory system To the heart Away from the heart 3 L 2.5
More information(D) (E) (F) 6. The extrasystolic beat would produce (A) increased pulse pressure because contractility. is increased. increased
Review Test 1. A 53-year-old woman is found, by arteriography, to have 5% narrowing of her left renal artery. What is the expected change in blood flow through the stenotic artery? Decrease to 1 2 Decrease
More informationThe Heart & Circulation (I)
The Heart & Circulation (I) (Ch. 1. Modeling and Simulation in Medicine and the Life Sciences) 1.1 Plan of the Circulation - Function of the heart? - Figure 1.1: The left heart receives blood that is rich
More informationThe Anatomy and Physiology of the Circulatory System
CHAPTER 5 The Anatomy and Physiology of the Circulatory System The Circulatory System Blood Heart Vascular System THE BLOOD Formed Elements of Blood Table 5-1 Cell Type Erythrocytes (Red Blood Cells, RBCs)
More informationModule G: Oxygen Transport. Oxygen Transport. Dissolved Oxygen. Combined Oxygen. Topics to Cover
Topics to Cover Module G: Oxygen Transport Oxygen Transport Oxygen Dissociation Curve Oxygen Transport Studies Tissue Hypoxia Cyanosis Polycythemia Oxygen Transport Oxygen is carried from the lungs to
More informationDuring exercise the heart rate is 190 bpm and the stroke volume is 115 ml/beat. What is the cardiac output?
The Cardiovascular System Part III: Heart Outline of class lecture After studying part I of this chapter you should be able to: 1. Be able to calculate cardiac output (CO) be able to define heart rate
More informationPearson's Comprehensive Medical Assisting Administrative and Clinical Competencies
Pearson's Comprehensive Medical Assisting Administrative and Clinical Competencies THIRD EDITION CHAPTER 27 The Cardiovascular System Lesson 1: Overview of the Cardiovascular System Lesson Objectives Upon
More informationAerobic and Anaerobic Respiration Revision 2
Aerobic and Anaerobic Respiration Revision 2 65 minutes 65 marks Page of 23 Q. A person did five different activities in turn. These activities needed increasing amounts of energy. For each activity two
More informationShort Term (Immediate) Effects of Exercise
Short Term (Immediate) Effects of Exercise https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wi9bvob9rxy https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o8ttt3m8qzm&index=7&list=pl qvsmdkc-q6-8xkhb8gz4yxtyteonk9be Short Term (Immediate)
More informationBiology. A Guide to the Natural World. Chapter 30 Lecture Outline Transport and Exchange 1: Blood and Breath. Fifth Edition.
Biology A Guide to the Natural World Chapter 30 Lecture Outline Transport and Exchange 1: Blood and Breath Fifth Edition David Krogh 30.1 The Cardiovascular System The Cardiovascular System The human cardiovascular
More informationMajor Function of the Cardiovascular System. Transportation. Structures of the Cardiovascular System. Heart - muscular pump
Structures of the Cardiovascular System Heart - muscular pump Blood vessels - network of tubes Blood - liquid transport vehicle brachiocephalic trunk superior vena cava right pulmonary arteries right pulmonary
More informationP215 SPRING 2019: CIRCULATORY SYSTEM Chaps 13, 14 & 15: pp , , , I. Major Functions of the Circulatory System
P215 SPRING 2019: CIRCULATORY SYSTEM Chaps 13, 14 & 15: pp 360-390, 395-404, 410-428 433-438, 441-445 I. Major Functions of the Circulatory System 1. 2. 3. 4. II. Structure of the Heart 1. atria 2. ventricles
More informationDESCRIBE THE FACTORS AFFECTING CARDIAC OUTPUT.
DESCRIBE THE FACTORS AFFECTING CARDIAC OUTPUT. BY: DISHA PRAKASH I MBBS, ROLL NO: 16M069 OBJECTIVES OF LEARNING Terminology and conceptual understanding of Cardiac Output. Factors regulating Cardiac Output.
More information-12. -Ensherah Mokheemer - ABDULLAH ZREQAT. -Faisal Mohammad. 1 P a g e
-12 -Ensherah Mokheemer - ABDULLAH ZREQAT -Faisal Mohammad 1 P a g e In the previous lecture we talked about: - cardiac index: we use the cardiac index to compare the cardiac output between different individuals,
More informationHemodynamics of Exercise
Hemodynamics of Exercise Joe M. Moody, Jr, MD UTHSCSA and ALMMVAH, STVAHCS Exercise Physiology - Acute Effects Cardiac Output (Stroke volume, Heart Rate ) Oxygen Extraction (Arteriovenous O 2 difference,
More informationThe Cardiovascular System
The Cardiovascular System The Cardiovascular System A closed system of the heart and blood vessels The heart pumps blood Blood vessels allow blood to circulate to all parts of the body The function of
More informationBlood And Circulatory System Study Guide Key
We have made it easy for you to find a PDF Ebooks without any digging. And by having access to our ebooks online or by storing it on your computer, you have convenient answers with blood and circulatory
More informationSpecial circulations, Coronary, Pulmonary. Faisal I. Mohammed, MD,PhD
Special circulations, Coronary, Pulmonary Faisal I. Mohammed, MD,PhD 1 Objectives Describe the control of blood flow to different circulations (Skeletal muscles, pulmonary and coronary) Point out special
More informationSpecial Lecture 10/28/2012
Special Lecture 10/28/2012 HYPERTENSION Dr. HN Mayrovitz Special Lecture 10/28/2012 Arterial Blood Pressure (ABP) - Definitions ABP Review Indirect Oscillographic Method Resistance (R), Compliance (C)
More informationLAB 9: Metabolic Rates
LAB 9: Metabolic Rates Introduction: The cardiovascular (circulatory) system functions to deliver oxygen and nutrients to tissues for growth and metabolism, and to remove metabolic wastes. The heart pumps
More information