THE HEART. Unit 3: Transportation and Respiration

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2 THE HEART Unit 3: Transportation and Respiration

3 The Circulatory System Also called the Cardiovascular System Circulates blood in the body Transports nutrients, oxygen, carbon dioxide, hormones, and blood cells to and from cells in the body Helps fight diseases Stabilizes body temperature Helps maintain homeostasis

4 Is blood ever blue?

5 The Heart Muscular double pump About the size of a fist Composed of cardiac muscle tissue The right side pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs The left side pumps oxygenated blood to the body Right Side Left Side

6 The Heart Two pathways of circulation Pulmonary Circulation eliminates carbon dioxide and oxygenates blood (lung pathway) Systemic Circulation delivers blood to all body cells and carries away waste Left Side

7 Structures of the Heart Pericardium Tough membrane that covers the heart and protects it

8 Structures of the Heart Septum Separates the left and right sides of the heart Prevents the oxygen-rich blood from the left side from mixing with the oxygen-poor blood from the right side

9 Structures of the Heart Atria (singular: atrium) Two upper chambers Right atrium receives deoxygenated blood from the body Left atrium receives oxygenated blood from the lungs

10 Right Atrium Left Atrium

11 Structures of the Heart Superior Vena Cava Large vein Empties deoxygenated blood into right atrium Returns blood from head, chest, arms Inferior Vena Cava Large vein Empties deoxygenated blood into right atrium Returns blood from lower body regions

12 Superior Vena Cava Inferior Vena Cava

13 Structures of the Heart Ventricles Two lower chambers Right ventricle sends deoxygenated blood to the lungs through the pulmonary arteries Left ventricle sends oxygenated blood to the body through the aorta

14 Right Ventricle Left Ventricle

15 Structures of the Heart Pulmonary Arteries Send deoxygenated blood from right ventricle to lungs

16 Right Pulmonary Artery Left Pulmonary Artery

17 Structures of the Heart Pulmonary Veins Carry oxygenated blood from lungs to left atrium

18 Right Pulmonary Veins Left Pulmonary Veins

19 Structures of the Heart Aorta Largest artery in the body Sends oxygenated blood from the left ventricle to the body Branches and divides into many smaller arteries

20 Aorta Aorta

21 Atrioventricular Valves (A-V valves) Control the direction of blood flow from the atria into the ventricles A-V valve in the right side=tricuspid valve because it has 3 flaps A-V valve in the left side=bicuspid valve or mitral valve

22

23 Structures of the Heart Semilunar Valves When open allow blood to flow from the ventricles into the arteries that carry blood away from the heart When closed stop blood from flowing back into the ventricles

24 It s always right to try! Tricuspid Valve Mitral (Bicuspid) Valve

25 Pulmonary Valve Aortic Valve

26 ites/dl/free/ /667029/pulmonaryandsystemiccirculation.swf::pulmo nary%20and%20systemic%20circulation

27 Exit Slip Why do you think the left ventricle is more muscular than the right ventricle?

28 Aorta Superior Vena Cava Left Pulmonary Artery Right Pulmonary Artery Right Pulmonary Veins Left Pulmonary Veins Right Atrium Tricuspid Valve Right Ventricle Inferior Vena Cava Left Ventricle Mitral (Bicuspid) Valve Aortic Valve Left Ventricle Aorta

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31 Blood Flow Review

32 Make a prediction What would happen if there were no valves in the veins capillaries had muscular walls

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