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1 Index Note: Page numbers of article titles are in boldface type. A Acid base balance pregnancy-related changes to, 640 Acquired heart disease, 731 Acute fatty liver of pregnancy (AFLP), 618 Acute kidney injury (AKI) pregnancy-related, (See also Pregnancy-related acute kidney injury (PR-AKI)) Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) hypoxic respiratory failure and, Adaptive immunity during pregnancy, AFE. See Amniotic fluid embolism (AFE) AFLP. See Acute fatty liver of pregnancy (AFLP) ahus. See Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (ahus) Airway management, AKI. See Acute kidney injury (AKI) Amniotic fluid embolism (AFE), clinical manifestations of, diagnosis of, historic considerations, hypoxic respiratory failure and, 703 incidence of, 782 introduction, 779 management of, outcome of, 788 pathophysiology of, recurrence risk for, 788 risk factors for, 784 Anesthesia/anesthetics obesity during pregnancy effects on, Antepartum health obesity during pregnancy effects on, Antiarrhythmic medications in cardiac arrhythmias management, 740 Anticoagulation in cardiac arrhythmias management, 741 Antihypertensive medications, Antimicrobial agents Obstet Gynecol Clin N Am 43 (2016) /16/$ see front matter obgyn.theclinics.com

2 842 Index Antimicrobial (continued) in sepsis management, 671 Aortic stenosis/idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis management of, ARDS. See Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) Arrhythmia(s) cardiac, (See also specific types and Cardiac arrhythmias, ) ASD. See Atrial septal defect (ASD) Aspiration hypoxic respiratory failure and, Asthma in critical care obstetric patients, 707 Atrial fibrillation/flutter management of, Atrial septal defect (ASD) management of, 723 Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (ahus), B Blood pressure control in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, 628 Blood products refusal obstetric hemorrhage in setting of, Bradyarrhythmia(s) management of, C Cardiac arrest, (See also Maternal cardiopulmonary arrest (MCPA)) Cardiac arrhythmias maternal (See also Cardiac arrhythmias, ), congenital heart disease and, epidemiology of, 730 genetic predisposition to, 731 history of, 730 introduction, 729 management of, antiarrhythmic medications in, 740 anticoagulation in, 741 atrial fibrillation/flutter, bradyarrhythmias, cardioversion in, 740

3 electrophysiology procedures in, general principles for, heart block, multidisciplinary approach to, 742 sinus tachycardia, SVT, timing and mode of delivery in, 742 ventricular arrhythmias, new-onset arrhythmias, prevention of, 742 risk factors for, Cardiac disease contraindications to pregnancy in women with, 713, acquired, 731 congenital, counseling related to, fetal risk related, maternal risk related, introduction, management of antepartum considerations in, 713 cardiac surgery and cardiopulmonary bypass in, delivery-related, endocarditis prevention in, general principles in, interventional considerations in, percutaneous cardiovascular intervention in, 714 postpartum care related, preconception care, 713 specific cardiac lesions, (See also specific lesions and Cardiac lesions, ) physiologic considerations in, 710 valvular management of, Cardiac lesions, management of aortic stenosis/idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis, ASD, 723 coarctation of aorta, congenital lesions, 723 Marfan syndrome, 725 mechanical heart valves, 722 mitral and aortic insufficiency, 719 mitral stenosis, mitral valve prolapse, 722 PDA, 723 peripartum cardiomyopathy, pulmonary/tricuspid stenosis and regurgitation, 718 secondary pulmonary hypertension and Eisenmenger syndrome, 724 Index 843

4 844 Index Cardiac (continued) valvular cardiac disease, VSD, 723 Cardiac resuscitation, Cardiomyopathy peripartum management of, Cardiopulmonary arrest maternal, (See also Maternal cardiopulmonary arrest (MCPA)) Cardiopulmonary system pregnancy-related changes to, Cardiovascular disease obesity during pregnancy and, Cardioversion in cardiac arrhythmias management, 740 Cesarean section obesity during pregnancy related to need for, Coarctation of aorta management of, Communication in obstetric transport, Congenital cardiac lesions management of, 723 Congenital heart disease, Counseling for pregnant patients with cardiac disease, Critical care issues, See also specific types, e.g., Obstetric hemorrhage cardiac lesions, (See also Cardiac lesions; specific types and Cardiac disease, ) respiratory considerations, (See also specific issues and Respiratory considerations, in critical care obstetric patients) in specific patient populations, AFLP, 618 ahus, preeclampsia and HELLP syndrome, 617 TTP, 617 D Danger model in context of pregnancy, Diabetes obesity during pregnancy and, DIC. See Disseminated intravascular coagulopathy (DIC) Disseminated intravascular coagulopathy (DIC), defined,

5 Index 845 management of, MTPs for, E Eclampsia hypertensive crisis with pathophysiology of, ECMO. See Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) Eisenmenger syndrome management of, 724 Electrophysiology procedures in cardiac arrhythmias management, Embolism amniotic fluid, 703, (See also Amniotic fluid embolism (AFE)) pulmonary hypoxic respiratory failure and, 704 Emergency medical services in obstetric transport, Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act (EMTALA), EMTALA. See Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act (EMTALA) Evolutionary nonself model in context of pregnancy, Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in hypoxic respiratory failure management, 706 F Fetal well-being and delivery preparation in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, 629 Fluid therapy in hypoxic respiratory failure management, 706 in sepsis management, G Gamma delta T cells in immune regulation, 683 Genetics cardiac arrhythmias related to, 731 Gonadal steroids immune function effects of, 685 H Heart block management of, Heart disease. See Cardiac disease

6 846 Index Heart valves mechanical management of, 722 HELLP syndrome, 617 Hemorrhage obstetric, (See also Obstetric hemorrhage) Hemorrhagic shock. See also Obstetric hemorrhage defined, 612 management of, HIV. See Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) Host defense during pregnancy, 680 Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) during pregnancy, diagnosis of, epidemiology of, 646 failure of viral suppression and resistance with, 653 gastrointestinal problems associated with, labor management, 653 neurologic complaints with, postnatal treatment, 653 respiratory failure associated with, 651 severity of, treatment of, women diagnosed, 649 women entering pregnancy with diagnosed HIV and currently taking antiretroviral therapy, 649 women entering pregnancy with diagnosed HIV and not taking medications, Hypercarbic respiratory failure in critical care obstetric patients, Hypertension defined, 625 Hypertensive crisis, See also Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy with eclampsia pathophysiology of, Hypertensive diseases obesity during pregnancy and, Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, classification of, complications associated with, 624 defined, 625 emergent laboratory evaluation and imaging for, 627 hypertensive crisis with eclampsia pathophysiology of, importance of, 624 improving maternal and fetal outcomes related to strategies for, 633 introduction,

7 Index 847 maternal early warning criteria related to, treatment of antihypertensive medications in, beyond blood pressure control, targets of, Hypertensive urgency/emergency/crisis in nonpregnant vs. pregnant patients, 626 Hypoxic respiratory failure in critical care obstetric patients, (See also specific disorders, e.g., Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)) AFE, 703 ARDS, aspiration, management of ECMO in, 706 fluids in, 706 lung-protection ventilation in, 704 neuromuscular blockade in, 705 PEEP, 704 prone positioning in, 706 pulmonary embolism, 704 ventilatory modes in, 704 I Immune regulation, gonadal steroids effects on, 685 Immune system function of gonadal steroids effects on, 685 postpartum importance of, , adaptive immunity, changes affecting, 639 host defense, 680 innate immunity, understanding clinical relevance of, 679 Immune tolerance in context of pregnancy theories and models of, danger model, evolutionary nonself model, self-nonself models of immunity, Immunity adaptive during pregnancy, innate during pregnancy,

8 848 Index Immunity (continued) self-nonself models of in context of pregnancy, Infection(s) during pregnancy, (See also specific types, e.g., Influenza) historical background of, HIV, influenza, introduction, Influenza during pregnancy, complications of, 646 described, 641 diagnosis of, prevention of, treatment of, 646 Innate immunity during pregnancy, Intrapartum health obesity during pregnancy effects on, K Kidney(s) physiology of, during pregnancy anatomic changes in, 748 physiologic changes in, 749 L Labor obesity during pregnancy effects on, Lung-protection ventilation in hypoxic respiratory failure management, 704 M Macrophages in immune regulation, Marfan syndrome management of, 725 Massive transfusion protocols (MTPs) for obstetric hemorrhage and DIC, Maternal cardiac arrhythmias, See also Cardiac arrhythmias, Maternal cardiopulmonary arrest (MCPA), causes of, 810 described, management of,

9 Index 849 airway securement in, alternative interventions in, chest compressions in, intravenous access in, 815 left lateral displacement in, maternal code blue in, 812 medications in, 815 perimortem delivery in, resuscitation in principles of, supportive care in, 817 prevalence of, 810 Maternal well-being in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, 629 MCPA. See Maternal cardiopulmonary arrest (MCPA) Mechanical heart valves management of, 722 Memory T cells in immune regulation, Mitral and aortic insufficiency management of, 719 Mitral stenosis management of, Mitral valve prolapse management of, 722 MTPs. See Massive transfusion protocols (MTPs) N Neuromuscular blockade in hypoxic respiratory failure management, 705 O Obesity, anesthesia concerns related to, case example, cesarean section risk associated with, comorbidities associated with cardiovascular health related to, defined, diabetes due to, hypertensive diseases due to, impact on antepartum health, impact on intrapartum health, introduction, labor-related changes due to,

10 850 Index Obesity (continued) OSA due to, 772 postpartum complications related to, ultrasound accuracy effects of, 773 Obstetric hemorrhage, See also Hemorrhagic shock background of, 611 defined, 611 hemorrhagic, management of adjunctive therapies in, 615 MTPs for, in setting of refusal of blood products, Obstetric transport, communication in, emergency medical services for, EMTALA in, equipment for, historical background of, introduction, maternal and neonatal care in levels of, protocols for, transportation for, Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) obesity during pregnancy and, 772 OSA. See Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) P Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) management of, 723 PCCs. See Prothrombin complex concentrates (PCCs) PDA. See Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) PEEP. See Positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) Peripartum cardiomyopathy management of, Positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) in hypoxic respiratory failure management, 704 Postpartum complications obesity during pregnancy and, Postpartum hypertensive disorders importance of, 624 Postpartum immune system importance of, PR-AKI. See Pregnancy-related acute kidney injury (PR-AKI) Preeclampsia, 617 Pregnancy acid base changes during, 640 airway management during,

11 Index 851 AKI during, (See also Pregnancy-related acute kidney injury (PR-AKI)) cardiac arrest and resuscitation in, cardiac arrhythmias in, (See also Cardiac arrhythmias, ) cardiac disease during, (See also Cardiac disease, ; Cardiac lesions) cardiopulmonary changes during, cardiovascular adaptations to, 710 host defense during, hypertension in defined, 625 hypertensive disorders of, (See also Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy) immune system changes during, 639, (See also Immune system) immune tolerance in context of theories and models of, infections during, (See also Infection(s), during pregnancy) innate immunity during, normal cardiovascular changes of, 730 obesity during, (See also Obesity, ) physiologic changes of, 710 respiratory system effects of, 700 sepsis in, (See also Sepsis) trauma during, (See also Trauma, ) Pregnancy-related acute kidney injury (PR-AKI), background of, causes of, characteristics of, 752 defined, diagnosis of, differential diagnosis of, 754 incidence of, 747 management of, , prevention of, 757 RRT in, 758 supportive care in, 758 targeted therapy in, types of, Prothrombin complex concentrates (PCCs) for obstetric hemorrhage and DIC, 615 Puerperium sepsis in epidemiology of, Pulmonary embolism hypoxic respiratory failure and, 704 Pulmonary/tricuspid stenosis and regurgitation management of, 718 R Reactive airway disease/status asthmaticus in critical care obstetric patients, 707

12 852 Index Recombinant factor VIIa for obstetric hemorrhage and DIC, 615 Renal replacement therapy (RRT) in PR-AKI management, 758 Respiratory considerations in critical care obstetric patients, (See also specific issues, e.g., Aspiration) airway management, aspiration, hypercarbic respiratory failure, hypoxic respiratory failure, introduction, respiratory airway disease/status asthmaticus, 707 Respiratory failure hypercarbic in critical care obstetric patients, hypoxic in critical care obstetric patients, (See also Hypoxic respiratory failure), (See also specific disorders, e.g., Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)) Respiratory system physiologic changes of pregnancy effects on, 700 Resuscitation cardiac, RRT. See Renal replacement therapy (RRT) S Secondary pulmonary hypertension and Eisenmenger syndrome management of, 724 Self-nonself models of immunity in context of pregnancy, Sepsis, case fatality/mortality related to, clinical criteria for, defined, diagnostic criteria for, 661, epidemiology of, in general adult population, and puerperium, introduction, management of, adjunctive and supportive therapy in, antimicrobial therapy in, 671 early goal-directed therapy in, 672 fluid therapy in, source control in, vasopressors in, 673

13 Index 853 maternal delivery considerations in, pathophysiology of, 664 suspicion of, Septic shock, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score, 663 Shock hemorrhagic (See Hemorrhagic shock) septic, Sinus tachycardia management of, SOFA score. See Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score Status asthmaticus in critical care obstetric patients, 707 Steroid(s) gonadal immune function effects of, 685 Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) management of, SVT. See Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) T Tachycardia(s) sinus management of, supraventricular management of, T cells in immune regulation, memory in immune regulation, Thrombotic thrombocytopenia purpura (TTP), 617 Transexamic acid (TXA) for obstetric hemorrhage and DIC, 615 Transport obstetric, (See also Obstetric transport) Trauma, evaluation of initial, 797 secondary, introduction, management of, maternal code in, operating room monitoring in, preparation in,

14 854 Index Trauma (continued) team roles in, 804 maternal and fetal risk for, physiology caveats related to, prevention of, 802 TTP. See Thrombotic thrombocytopenia purpura (TTP) TXA. See Transexamic acid (TXA) U Ultrasound during pregnancy obesity effects on accuracy of, 773 V Valvular cardiac disease management of, Vasopressors in sepsis management, 673 Ventilation in hypoxic respiratory failure management modes of, 704 lung-protection in hypoxic respiratory failure management, 704 Ventricular arrhythmias management of, Ventricular septal defect (VSD) management of, 723 VSD. See Ventricular septal defect (VSD) W Well-being fetal in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, 629 maternal in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, 629

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