Kevin Wong. Strategic Intelligence Analyst. Rocky Mountain High Intensity Drug Trafficking Area (RMHIDTA)

Transcription

1 Kevin Wong Strategic Intelligence Analyst Rocky Mountain High Intensity Drug Trafficking Area (RMHIDTA)

2 Outline Drug Policy 101 Arguments For and Against Legalization Marijuana Impact: Collateral Damages

3 Drug Policy 101 Has the War on Drugs Been a Failure?

4 Purpose of Drug Policy Limit the number of people using drugs Victims of crime 1. User 2. Family/Friends 3. Victim of Crime 4. Taxpayers

5 Marijuana Edible Related Deaths Kristine Kirk (Denver, CO) Levy Thamba Pongi (Denver, CO) SOURCE: Open Source Luke Goodman (Keystone, CO)

6 What are the factors that affect the rate of drug use?

7 1. Price 2. Availability 3. Perception of Risk 4. Public Attitude

8 What is success?

9 2013 and 2014 National Survey on Drug Use Americans age 12 and older (past month): 10% used illegal drugs 25% used tobacco 52% used alcohol SOURCE: National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2013 and 2014

10 Alcohol and Tobacco Heroin, Meth, Crack, Hallucinogens, Cocaine, Tranquilizers, Pain Relievers and Marijuana Hello G

11 Eliminate arrests for possession and sale Free up law enforcement resources Reduce traffic fatalities No increase in use, even among youth Added revenue generated through taxation Reduce profits for the drug cartels trafficking marijuana

12 Increases in: Marijuana related traffic fatalities Use among youth and adults People in drug treatment Diversion for unintended purposes Impacts and costs for public health and safety

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15 Perspective: Colorado Licensed Businesses McDonalds Starbucks Recreational Marijuana Shops Medical Marijuana Dispensaries SOURCE: Colorado Department of Revenue/Starbucks Coffee Company/McDonalds Corporation, 2016

16 Impact What Does the Data Say?

17 Comparison Dates : Early Medical Marijuana Era 1,000 4,800 cardholders and 0 known dispensaries : Medical Marijuana Commercialization and Expansion Era 108,000 cardholders and 532 licensed dispensaries 2013 Present: Medical Marijuana Commercialization and Recreational Marijuana Era

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19 Total Number of Statewide Traffic Deaths Number of Deaths Commercialization Legalization SOURCE: Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS)

20 Traffic Deaths Related to Marijuana Number of Fatalities Legalization Commercialization SOURCE: Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS), RMHIDTA

21 Total Traffic Deaths vs Traffic Deaths Related to Marijuana Commercialization Legalization SOURCE: Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS), RMHIDTA

22 Operators Positive for Marijuana Marijuana and Alcohol 37% Marijuana and Other Drugs (No Alcohol) 15% Marijuana, Other Drugs and Alcohol 15% Marijuana ONLY 33% SOURCE: Colorado Department of Transportation/RMHIDTA 2014

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24 Number of DUIDs, Number of DUIDs SOURCE: Colorado State Patrol 347 DUIDs Marijuana Only 665 DUIDs Involving Marijuana Total Number of DUIDs

25 Percent of DUIDs Involving Marijuana 64% 63% 62% 60% Percent Positive 60% 58% 56% 54% 52% 55% 50% SOURCE: Larimer County Sherriff s Office

26 Marijuana Use in Youth

27 SOURCE: SAMHSA.gov, National Survey on Drug Use and Health 2013 & 2014 Youth (12-17 yrs) Current Marijuana Use 2013/2014 Colorado average for youth = percent National average for youth = 7.22 percent Colorado was ranked 1st in the nation for current marijuana use among youth 74 percent higher than the national average Colorado youth use increased 20 percent (2013/2014 compared to 2011/2012) Nationally youth use declined 5 percent

28 Past Month Usage by 12 to 17 Year-Olds, 2013/2014 Colorado Average Legalized Recreational/Medical Marijuana State (as of 2014) Legalized Medical Marijuana State (as of 2014) Non-Legalized Medical Marijuana State (as of 2014) National Average SOURCE: SAMHSA.gov, National Survey on Drug Use and Health 2013 & 2014

29 Average Past Month Use by 12 to 17 Year-Olds, 2013/ % 10.0% 8.52% 11.31% Average Percent 8.0% 6.0% 4.0% 2.0% 5.99% 0.0% Non-Medical Marijuana States Medical Marijuana States Recreational/Medical Marijuana States SOURCE: SAMHSA.gov, National Survey on Drug Use and Health 2013 and 2014

30 Colorado Average Past Month Use of Marijuana Ages 12 to 17 Years Average Percent 14.00% 12.00% 10.00% 8.00% 6.00% 4.00% 2.00% 0.00% 8.64% (Pre-Commercialization) 20% Increase 10.37% (Post-Commercialization) 21% Increase 12.56% 2013/2014 (Legalization) SOURCE: National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2013 and 2014

31 Percent of Total Suspensions in Colorado, Percent of Total Suspensions Commercialization Legalization Drug Violations Alcohol Violations 0 SOURCE: Colorado Department of Education

32 Percent of Total Expulsions in Colorado, Percentage of Total Expulsions Commercialization Legalization Drug Violations Alcohol Violations SOURCE: Colorado Department of Education

33 Predominant Marijuana Violations 60% 51% 50% 42% Percent of Responses 40% 30% 20% 10% 1% 2% 4% 0% Student in possession of marijuana infused edibles Student sharing marijuana with other students Student selling marijuana to other students Student under the influence during school hours Student in possession of marijuana SOURCE: Colorado Association School Resource Officers (CASRO) and RMHIDTA, 2015

34 Student Marijuana Source 30% 29% 25% 25% 21% Percent of Responses 20% 15% 10% 18% 5% 1% 1% 2% 3% 0% Medical Marijuana Cardholders Medical Marijuana Caregivers Medical Marijuana Dispensaries Retail Marijuana Stores Black Market Parents Siblings/Other Family Members Friend who obtained it legally SOURCE: Colorado School Counselor Association (CSCA) and RMHIDTA, 2015

35 College-Age Marijuana Use

36 SOURCE: SAMHSA.gov, National Survey on Drug Use and Health 2013 & 2014 College-Age Adults (18-25yr) Current Marijuana Use 2013/2014 Colorado average = percent National average = percent Colorado was ranked 1st in the nation for current marijuana use among college-age adults 62 percent higher than the national average Colorado college age use increased 17 percent (2013/2014 compared to 2011/2012) Nationally there was a 2 percent increase

37 College Age, 18 to 25 Years-Old, Past Month Marijuana Use Average Percentage Commercialization Legalization /06 06/07 07/08 08/09 09/10 10/11 11/12 12/13 13/14 National Average Colorado Average Annual Averages of Data Collection SOURCE: SAMHSA.gov, National Survey on Drug Use and Health 2013 and 2014

38 Adult Marijuana Use

39 SOURCE: SAMHSA.gov, National Survey on Drug Use and Health 2013 & 2014 Adults (26+ yrs) Current Marijuana Use 2013/2014 Colorado average = percent National average = 6.11 percent Colorado was ranked 1st in the nation for current marijuana use among adults 104 percent higher than the national average Adult use increased 63 percent compared to pre-legalization years 2011/2012 Nationally an increase of 21 percent

40 Adult, Ages 26+, Past Month Marijuana Use Average Percentage Commercialization Legalization 0 05/06 06/07 07/08 08/09 09/10 10/11 11/12 12/13 13/14 National Average Colorado Average Annual Averages of Data Collection SOURCE: SAMHSA.gov, National Survey on Drug Use and Health 2013 and 2014

41 Emergency Room Visits and Hospitalizations

42 Colorado Emergency Department Rates Likely Related to Marijuana Legalization Rates Per 100, % Increase 25% Increase 19% Increase SOURCE: Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment

43 Colorado Hospitalization Rates Likely Related to Marijuana 600 Legalization 524 Rates Per 100, Commercialization SOURCE: Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment

44 Marijuana and Poison Control Cases

45 Adolescents, Ages 6 to 17, Average Number of Marijuana-Related Exposures Average Number Pre-Commercialization 67% Increase Post-Commercialization 112% Increase Legalization SOURCE: Rocky Mountain Poison and Drug Center

46 Children, Ages 0 to 5, Average Number of Marijuana-Related Exposures Average Number Pre-Commercialization SOURCE: Rocky Mountain Poison and Drug Center 225% Increase Post-Commercialization 169% Increase Legalization

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48 Treatment Admissions Based on Criminal Justice Referrals Number of Admissions 1,600 1,400 1,200 1, ,202 1,204 1,204 1,292 1,347 1,309 1, , ,446 1,306 1,233 1,054 1, Ages 17 and Under Ages SOURCE: Colorado Department of Human Services, Office of Behavioral Health

49 Diversion by Highway

50 Colorado Marijuana Interdiction Seizures (Incidents) Number of Seizures Commercialization Legalization 360 * SOURCE: El Paso Intelligence Center, National Seizure System

51 Colorado Marijuana Interdiction Seizures (Pounds) Average Number of Pounds 4,000 3,500 3,000 2,500 2,000 1,500 1, , Pre-Commercialization 27% Increase *3, Post-Commercialization SOURCE: El Paso Intelligence Center, National Seizure System

52 Colorado Marijuana Destination States (*2015) (Total Reported Incidents Per State) SOURCE: El Paso Intelligence Center, National Seizure System *38 interdictions, destination: UNKNOWN

53 Diversion by Postal

54 Parcels Containing Marijuana from CO Destined for Another State Legalization 320 Number of Parcels Commercialization SOURCE: United States Postal Inspection Service

55 Pounds of CO Marijuana Seized 700 Legalization Number of Pounds Commercialization SOURCE: United States Postal Inspection Service

56 Colorado Marijuana Destined for Other Countries (2014) SOURCE: United States Customs and Border Protection

57 CO Marijuana Parcels Destined for Outside the Continental U.S. Average Number of Seizures Pre-Commercialization 800% Increase Post-Commercialization 192% Increase Legalization SOURCE: United States Customs and Border Protection

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59 SOURCE: Mindful Live Resin Wax $60/g

60 THC Extraction Labs Explosions Injuries Number of Explosions Number of Injuries SOURCE: RMHIDTA Investigative Support Center

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62 Collateral Damages Chemicals Electrical/Water Federal lands Money laundering Prostitution Transients Home grows SOURCE: RMHIDTA

63 SOURCE: DEA Home Grows

64 Scenario 1 As of January 2016: 107,798 medical marijuana patients 8,210 patients with recommendations for plants (8% of all patients) If 8,200 patients each grow 50 plants = 410,000 marijuana plants *The state-licensed medical/recreational industry currently has 758,000 plants in its inventory tracking system If 8,200 patients harvest one pound per plant every 90 days = 1,640,000 pounds of marijuana per year SOURCE: DEA

65 Scenario 2 5 people from FL move to CO and rent 3 houses All 5 individuals obtain a medical recommendation to grow 99 plants Now they can legally grow up to 495 plants SOURCE: DEA At least 1 lb per plant per cycle 495 lbs every 90 days = 1,980 lbs per year CO = $2,000 per lb $3.9 million per year East Coast = $4,000 per lb $7.9 million per year

66 SOURCE: DEA

67 All Reported Crimes in Denver 63,816 64,000 62,000 61,276 60,000 58,000 56,000 55,115 54,000 52,000 50,000 11% Increase 4% Increase Source: National Incident Based Reporting System (NIBRS) definitions in the City and County of Denver, January 9, 2015

68 CO s Total General Fund Revenue, FY 2015 Marijuana Tax Revenue= 0.7% (Medical and Recreational) SOURCE: Colorado Office of State Planning and Budgeting, June 2015 Forecast (eleven months of data)

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71 SOURCE: Open Source

72 SOURCE: Open Source

73 SOURCE: Open Source

74 Remember SOURCE: Open Source

75 SOURCE: RMHIDTA Public Safety Topic Fatal Accidents Status Impaired Driving Incidents Youth (12 17 yrs) Past Month Use Suspension/Expulsion

76 SOURCE: RMHIDTA Topic College Age (18-25 yrs) Status Past Month Use Adults (26+ yrs) Past Month Use

77 SOURCE: RMHIDTA Topic Public Health Impact Emergency Room Admissions Status Exposures Exposures 0-5 yr olds Court Appointed Treatment Admissions

78 SOURCE: RMHIDTA Topic THC Extraction Labs Explosions Injuries Status Criminal Activity Diversion by Motor Vehicle Diversion by Parcel

79 To get a copy of the entire report: Reports Tab Kevin Wong kwong@rmhidta.org