Selection of Natural Materials for Eco-friendly Control for Blight of Wood-Cultivated Ginseng(Panax ginseng)
|
|
- Norah Stewart
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 농업생명과학연구 45(2) pp.9-13 Journal of Agriculture & Life Science 45(2) pp.9-13 Selection of Natural Materials for Eco-friendly Control for Blight of Wood-Cultivated Ginseng(Panax ginseng) Chong-Kyu Lee 1* Chan-Yeol Yu 2 1 Department. of Forest Resources, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology, Jinju , Korea 2 Gyeongsangnam-do Forest Environment Research Institute, Jinju , Korea Received: FEB , Revised: MAR , Accepted: APR ABSTRACT This study was carried out to control the disease of wood-cultivated ginseng(panax ginseng) using natural materials. Four fungi spices such as Pythium ultimum, Alternaria alternata, Fusarium oxysporum and Rhizoctonia solani which caused disease of the wood-cultivated ginseng were investigated. The infection of these fungi causes symptom on roots, stems and leaves. The leaves became dry and die. The disease caused by Pythium ultimum can be prevented by using friendly environmental materials like Chamaecyparis obtuse essential oil and Wormstop. Alternaria alternata and Fusarium oxysporum might be prevented by using wormstop extracted from Neem tree(azadirachta indica). No substance tested effectively prevents the growth of Rhizoctonia solani. Key words - Wood-cultivated ginseng, Pythium ultimum, Alternaria alternata, Fusarium oxysporum, Rhizoctonia solani I. INTRODUCTION Wood-cultivated ginseng is grown from Panax ginseng seeds or seedlings. It is estimated that wood-cultivated ginseng has been approximately grown in 1,680 ha per year in Korea and generates revenue of about two billions won. Major growing areas are Wonju city, Inje gun, Jeongseon gun, Sancheong gun, Hmyang gun, and Geochang gun. Sancheong gun, Hmyang gun, and Geochang gun which belong to Gyeongsang provinces now started to cultivate wood-cultivated ginseng from 2000(Han, 2006; Park, 2006). In order to grow wood-cultivated ginseng from pesticide-free condition, cultivated soil as well as seed and seedling is not exposed to pesticides. Furthermore there are no natural disasters in the growing area. Due to the sensitive growth condition of pesticide-free wood-cultivated ginseng, it is *Corresponding author: Chong-Kyu Lee Tel: Fax: suam7@gntech.ac.kr difficult to maintain large-scale cultivation and thus mass production is also not feasible. Recently, it is a popular as health food. Wood-cultivated ginseng has been known as miracle drug from the ancient mysteries. Its biological activity is as follows; anti-aging, removal of hangover, prevention of stroke, diabetes treatment, enhancing digestive function and anticancer(kim et al., 2004). The cultivation of wood-cultivated ginseng obstructed by people might be accompanied with too much pathology and artificial cultivation of wood-cultivated ginseng resulted in various diseases. The studies of insect pests and diseases on the general ginseng have been much conducted. But the study about pest management of wood-cultivated ginseng is at the stage of beginning. Especially, the red colored root observed in wood-cultivated ginseng, or Panax ginseng, has been intensively studied biologically and chemically (Jugn et al, 1985). There
2 10 Journal of Agriculture & Life Science 45(2) was a report about what caused the red colored root disease of wood-cultivated ginseng, or Panax ginseng (Park, 2006). In addition, the content of polyphenol and the effect of polyphenol oxidase have role in occurrence of red colored root disease (Jung, 1985). In this study, natural compounds were screened to prevent diseases which cause low productivity of wood-cultivated ginseng. This study will contribute to improve income of farmer who cultivates woodcultivated ginseng. Ⅱ. Materials and Method 2.1 General condition Types of disease breaking out in wood-cultivated ginseng was investigated in Hamyang-gun, Seosangmyeon Geumdang-ri, which is intensive cultivation of forest. We have surveyed from April to October, Geology of Hamyang gun area consisted of gneiss and igneous rocks generated from Upper Jurassic period. The average temperature over the last 30 years was 11.4, the highest temperature was 19.2, and the lowest temperature was 5.7. The average annual rainfall is 1,265mm. Canopy species of wood-cultivated ginseng was consisted with mixed forest of conifer forest such as Pinus densiflora, Larix leptolepis, Chamaecyparis obtusa and Pinus koraiensis, and Quercus forest such as Quercus aliena, Q. dentata, Q. xmccormickii and Q. variabilis, deciduous broad-leaved forest such as Carpinus laxiflora kinds of Quercus, Acer mono., Prunus sargentii and Cornus controversa. Panax ginseng was cultivated at over 500 m sea level. The three cultivated areas were located at the northeast and northwest. Slope was from 10 to over Eco-friendly materials In order to exclude synthetic chemicals to prevent disease occurrence and to use eco-friendly materials, oils were extracted from Chamaecyparis obtusa. Wormstop extracted from Neem trees (Azadirachta indica) and pyroligneous acid liquor were used. The dilution rates were carried out at original concentration, 10, 50, 100, 500, 1000 times dilution and the effect of materials was examined. Paper disk concentrations order from were to turn to right top by original concentration, 10, 50, 100, 500, 1000 times dilution. One paper disk concentration was 100 μl quantity. Wormstop metrial was extracted from Azadirachta indica and main ingredient Azadiractin 500 ppm 5% and Salannin, Liminoids 95%. This wromstop effected in sterilization and insecticide of disease. Main original fungi used exam test get Rural Development Administration Ⅲ. Results and Discussions 3.1 Bright of wood-cultivated ginseng Various diseases are occur during cultivation of wood-cultivated ginseng because wood-cultivated ginseng was growing at the same underground soil for several years without any other artificial interference (Table 1). Table 1. List of wood-cultivated ginseng disease break out in surveyed sites Disease Disease part Observed period Pythium ultimum root April~June Alternaria alternata Fusarium oxysporum Rhizoctonia solani root, stem root, stem, leaf root, stem April~July May~August May~ September Pythium ultimum, Alternaria alternata, Fusarium oxysporum and Rhizoctonia solani were examined as
3 Chong et al. : Selection of Natural Materials for Eco-friendly Control for Blight of Wood-Cultivated Ginseng(Panax ginseng) 11 a casual agent of wood-cultivated ginseng. Pythium ultimum causing major damage to the root and leaves were weathered as disease progresses. Alternaria alternata was infected into root and rhizome stem. The infection pare was rotted and gray or dark brown sclerotia of the fungus-like pellets were formed. Infection of Fusarium oxysporum causes chlorosis of root, stem and leaf. Rhizoctonia solani was infect into shoot of wood-cultivated ginseng and the stem facing the earth becomes dark-green and break off and finally dried (Park, 1984). Unlike ginseng, wood-cultivated ginseng continues to grow once planting (Kreutzer, 1995). Thus, kinds of wood-cultivated ginseng diseases are similar to Panax ginseng although the diseases of wood-cultivated ginseng are more prevalent than those of ginseng. However it cannot be applied the chemical control after occurring disease. This is a major problem for cultivation of wood-cultivated ginseng. Damage of wood-cultivated ginseng occurred in this examined area resulted from long-term cultivation. In order to alleviate this damage, it will be necessary to improve the growing environment. It needs to consider the search and the use of eco-friendly substance instead of chemical control to control the blight. 3.2 Search of eco-friendly materials Of environmentally friendly materials, phytoncide is known as a substance to strengthen the immune system. In the wood forest, phytoncide restores the body and mind and increases the natural healing capacity. Also, phytoncide has strong antibacterial activity and is a large effect on stress reduction (Beyfuss, 1999). Therefore, Chamaecyparis obtusa essential oil containing natural phytochemicals was used as a control agent for wood-cultivated ginseng disease. Wormstop contains pesticide ingredient Azadiracitin, which is found in neem tree (Azadirachta indica). It is also used in organic farming and is harmless to human or animal drug products (Lee, 2009). Pyroligneous acid liquor was purified below ph 3.5. It showed the results treated with eco-friendly materials (Fig. 1). Chamaecyparis obtuse essential oil inhibits the growth of Pythium ultimum at the undiluted concentration. wormstop showed the effect at the undiluted and 5-fold diluted concentration. Pyroligneous acid liquor also inhibits the growth of P. ultimum at the undiluted concentration (Fig. 1A). Alternaria alternate (Fig. 1B) and Fusarium oxysporum (Fig. 1C) were not inhibited by Chamaecyparis obtuse essential oil and pyroligneous acid liquor. However, Wormstop was inhibited the growth of both fungi at the undiluted concentration. Tested three substance did not inhibit the growth of Rhizoctonia solan at any concentration tested (Fig. 1D). So far, there have been no report on eco-friendly materials for wood-cultivated ginseng. There have been a few reports about red colored root, which occurs in ginseng cultivation region (Jung et al., 1985; Beyfuss, 1999). Therefore, this study's results showed that the disease caused by Pythium ultimum could be prevented by using friendly environmental materials such as Chamaecyparis obtuse essential oil and wormstop. Alternaria alternata and Fusarium oxysporum might be prevented by using wormstop extracted from Neem tree that contained an Azadiractin which is active compound. No Eco-friendly materials tested effectively prevent the growth of Rhizoctonia solani. More research needs to be carried out to find friendly environmental material for the inhibition of growth of R. solani.
4 12 Journal of Agriculture & Life Science 45(2) Fig. 1. Inhibition effects of hyphae growth by natural materials on wood-cultivated ginseng (panax ginseng) disease on PDA. A-1: Pythium ultimum (in wormstop), A-2: P. ultium (in Charmaecyparis obtusa essential oil), A-3: P. ultium (in pyroligneous acid liquor). B-1: Alternaria alternata (in wormstop), B-2: A. alternata (in Charmaecyparis obtusa essential oil), B-3: A. alternata (in pyroligneous acid liquor). C-1: Fusarium oxysporum (in wormstop), C-2: F. oxysporum (in Charmaecyparis obtusa essential oil), C-3: F. oxysporum (in pyroligneous acid liquor). D-1: Rhizoctonia solani (in wormstop), D-2: R. solani (in Charmaecyparis obtusa essential oil), D-3: R. solani (in pyroligneous acid liquor).
5 Chong et al. : Selection of Natural Materials for Eco-friendly Control for Blight of Wood-Cultivated Ginseng(Panax ginseng) 13 Ⅳ. Acknowledgements This study was carried out by support of Gyeongsangnam-do Forest Environment Research institute Research fund (2010). Literature cited Beyfuss, R. L American. ginseng production in woodlots. Agroforestry Notes 14. 4pp. Han, S. S Cultivation compensation and practice. K.R.S Jung, Y. R., S. H., Oh, I. H., Lee and C. Y. Park On the bio-chemical characteristic and occurrence cause in rusty-ginseng. The Korean Society of Ginseng. 9: Kim, S. J, S. S., Sin, B. I. Seo and S. Y. Ji A study anticancer effects of wild ginseng, ginseng. The Korea Association of Herbology 19: Kreutzer, K Effects of forest liming on soil processes. Plnat and Soil : Lee, C. K Study on chestnut insect pests by environmentally friendly controls in Korea. Korean J. Appl. Entomol. 48: Park, J. S Plant pathology. Hiyangmunsa. 510pp. Park, H Ginseng physiology and Wild ginseng Cultivation Method. K.R.S.. p
Seed Treatment Products
Bayer CropScience Seed Treatment Products Bayer Soybean Seed Treatment t Offer Bayer Treatment offer: Trilex/Allegiance Concentrate All separate components Trilex AL RTU High use rate and will be moving
More informationForest Pest Management SD14 M CI Report 87-12
Forest Pest Management SD14 M CI Report 87-12 A-3 27._ 3450 December 1987 MI)RTALITY OF BAREROOT COLORADO BLUE SPRUCE SEEDLINGS MONTANA STATE NURSERY, MISSOULA by R. L. James, Plant Pathologist INTRODUCTION
More informationNeem( Azadirachta Indica)
Neem( Azadirachta Indica) Botanical name: Azadirachta Indica Family: Meliaceae, The mahogany tree family Names of Neem in Different Languages English: Neem, Indian Lilac, Margosa Tree, Nim, Crackjack,
More informationINTRODUCTION OF BIO- FUNGICIDES FOR CONTROLLING POWDERY MILDEW DISEASE OF RAMBUTAN
INTRODUCTION OF BIO- FUNGICIDES FOR CONTROLLING POWDERY MILDEW DISEASE OF RAMBUTAN P. W. Alahakoon, N. H. Jayawardana, K.C. Madushani and R.K.Nilmini Fruit Crop Research and Development Center, Department
More informationPotential Wheat Disease Issues on Seed, Seedlings, Leaves, and Heads for Wheat in the Central Texas Blacklands and Beyond for the Season
http://sickcrops.tamu.edu October 8, 2012 Potential Wheat Disease Issues on Seed, Seedlings, Leaves, and Heads for Wheat in the Central Texas Blacklands and Beyond for the 2012-2013 Season Ronald D. French,
More informationand biocontrol activity of microorganisms for sustainable agriculture
The use of simultaneous P-solubilizingP and biocontrol activity of microorganisms for sustainable agriculture Svetlana Zhigletsova, PhD (Chem) State Research Center for Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology
More informationSTUDIES ON FUNGAL POPULATION OF CUMIN (NIGELLA SATIVA L.) FROM DIFFERENT PARTS OF MARATHWADA.
STUDIES ON FUNGAL POPULATION OF CUMIN (NIGELLA SATIVA L.) FROM DIFFERENT PARTS OF MARATHWADA. Dr. Sumia Fatima Yogesh C. Khot Dept. of Botany, Dr. Rafiq Zakaria College for Women, Aurangabad Maharastra
More informationEffect of vegetable oil seed treatment on seed mycoflora of pea, Pisum sativum L
International Journal of Farm Sciences 3(2) :46-51, 2013 Effect of vegetable oil seed treatment on seed mycoflora of pea, Pisum sativum L A BHARDWAJ, SC VERMA, NARENDER K BHARAT * and MEENA THAKUR Department
More informationBIO-EFFICACY OF PROMISING BOTANICALS AGAINST INSECT INFESTING COWPEA. CV. CO 4
Indian J. Agric. Res., 40 (4) : 262-266, 2006 BIO-EFFICACY OF PROMISING BOTANICALS AGAINST INSECT INFESTING COWPEA. CV. CO 4 J. Renugadevi, N. Natarajan, R. Rajasekaran and P. Srimathi Department of Seed
More informationAntifungal activity of Araliae Continentalis Radix extract on rice sheath blight
Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture. 2016. 28(11): 818-822 doi: 10.9755/ejfa.2015-12-1077 http://www.ejfa.me/ SHORT COMMUNICATION Antifungal activity of Araliae Continentalis Radix extract on rice
More informationMANAGEMENT OF ROOT KNOT NEMATODES AND FUSARIUM WILT OF TOMATO BY PRE-TREATMENT OF SEEDLINGS WITH BIOLOGICAL AND CHEMICAL AGENTS
MANAGEMENT OF ROOT KNOT NEMATODES AND FUSARIUM WILT OF TOMATO BY PRE-TREATMENT OF SEEDLINGS WITH BIOLOGICAL AND CHEMICAL AGENTS Authors Wanja Njoroge, Dr. Muthomi and Prof.Kimenju Department of Plant Science
More informationEvaluation of botanicals and bioagents against chickpea wilt complex pathogens
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLANT PROTECTION VOLUME 9 ISSUE 2 OCTOBER, 2016 469-473 e ISSN-0976-6855 Visit us : www.researchjournal.co.in IJPP RESEARCH PAPER DOI : 10.15740/HAS/IJPP/9.2/469-473 Evaluation
More informationSurvey for the Incidence of Root Rot/Wilt of Fenugreek in Northern Karnataka, India
International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 6 Number 5 (2017) pp. 1564-1569 Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com Original Research Article https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2017.605.170
More informationPathogen Information and Management
Pathogen Information and Management K.A. Cochran Assistant Professor & Extension Specialist Texas A&M University AgriLife Extension Dept. Plant Pathology & Microbiology What is plant disease? A disruption
More informationAsexual Reproduction
Asexual Reproduction Only one parent is involved in asexual reproduction. The offspring is genetically identical to the parent. The offspring inherits all of its traits from one parent. Therefore, the
More informationAntagonistic Activity and Shelf Life Study of Trichoderma harzianum (Rifai)
International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 6 Number 7 (2017) pp. 2611-2615 Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com Original Research Article https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2017.607.308
More informationTHE PEST NAGEME NT GUIDE
THE PEST MANAGEMENT The Canola Pest Management GUIDE Guide Introduction Canola pest control starts here In this small but mighty guide, you ll find everything you need to correctly identify, scout and
More informationManaging Fusarium Diseases of Vegetables
Managing Fusarium Diseases of Vegetables Len Tesoriero Overview What do we know about the fungus Fusarium? What diseases do Fusarium species cause on vegetables? What conditions favour Fusarium diseases
More informationThe antimicrobial activity of some medicinal plant species from Nanded, MS, India
Original Article International Journal of Life Sciences International Peer Reviewed Open Access Refereed Journal Int. J. of Life Sciences, 2018; 6 (1):271-275 ISSN:2320-7817(p) 2320-964X(o) UGC Approved
More informationKorean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture Korean J Environ Agric. 207;36():7-2. Korean Online ISSN: 2233-473 Published online 207 March 29. https://doi.org/0.5338/kjea.207.36..06 Print ISSN: 225-3537
More informationEffect of different plant extract on seedling diseases of Chillies, caused by Fusarium f. sp. Capsici
EUROPEAN ACADEMIC RESEARCH Vol. IV, Issue 5/ August 2016 ISSN 2286-4822 www.euacademic.org Impact Factor: 3.4546 (UIF) DRJI Value: 5.9 (B+) Effect of different plant extract on seedling diseases of Chillies,
More informationEffect of Macro & Micro Nutrients on Occurrences of Fusarium Wilt (Fusarium oxysporum) in Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)
Effect of Macro & Micro Nutrients on Occurrences of Fusarium Wilt (Fusarium oxysporum) in Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) K.M.S Weerasinghe [a] A.H.K Balasooriya [b] S.L Ransinghe and L.C Wijethilka
More informationPlant Pathogen Suppression the Synergistic Effect between Biofertilizer and Irradiated Oligochitosan of Tomato
International Journal of Research Studies in Science, Engineering and Technology Volume 3, Issue 11, November 2016, PP 1-5 ISSN 2349-4751 (Print) & ISSN 2349-476X (Online) Plant Pathogen Suppression the
More informationVetiver for Sustainable Watershed Management in the Dabie Mountains of China: Final Project Report
Vetiver for Sustainable Watershed Management in the Dabie Mountains of China: Final Project Report 1 Background of the project 1.1 The Dabie Mountains and soil erosion The Dabie Mountains, where the project
More informationEpidemiological Research on Botrytis Diseases of Tulip Plants Caused by B. tulipae and B. cinerea
Epidemiological Research on Botrytis Diseases of Tulip Plants Caused by and B. cinerea Kie Yamada, Takeharu Aoki, Chiharu Ikeda, Yukari Ichiman, Yuji Kanno, Tomohiro Suzuki, Hirotaka Nagashima, Masami
More informationThe Antimicrobial Effect of Seed Coat Polymers on Soil Borne Pathogens of Castor and Groundnut
Available online at www.ijpab.com Rakesh et al Int. J. Pure App. Biosci. 5 (4): 2031-2037 (2017) ISSN: 2320 7051 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18782/2320-7051.5786 ISSN: 2320 7051 Int. J. Pure App. Biosci.
More informationNature of Protection of Chilli Seedling from Rhizoctonia Damping-off by Plant Growth Promotion Fungi 1) A. Muslim
Nature of Protection of Chilli Seedling from Rhizoctonia Damping-off by Plant Growth Promotion Fungi 1) A. Muslim Department of Plant Pests and Diseases; Program Study of Agroecotechnology Faculty of Agriculture,
More informationLife-cycle Parameters of Aphelenchus avenae. on Botrytis cinerea and Fusarium oxysporum
Life-cycle Parameters of Aphelenchus avenae on Botrytis cinerea and Fusarium oxysporum Dong-Ro CHOI * and Nobuyoshi IsHIBASHI * * Fecundity of the fungivorous nematode, Aphelenchus avenae cinerea and Fusarium
More informationBarley-Oat-Rye-Wheat (continued) Canola (Rapeseed) Seed Treatment
Barley-Oat-Rye-Wheat (continued) Application 1 Dosage 2 5 Leaf 4 Leaf Rust Stem Rust Powdery Mildew Fusarium Head Blight Fluoxastrobin + Flutriafol (3) Fortix, 14.84%; 19.3% 2-6 fl For wheat only. Apply
More informationEffect of Neem Kernel Cake Powder (NKCP) on Fusarium Wilt of Tomato when Used as Soil Amendment
Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development in the Tropics and Subtropics Volume 105, No.1, 2004, pages 63 69 Effect of Neem Kernel Cake Powder (NKCP) on Fusarium Wilt of Tomato when Used as Soil Amendment
More informationSOYBEAN DISEASE CONTROL John D. Mueller, Extension Soybean Pathologist
SOYBEAN DISEASE CONTROL John D. Mueller, Extension Soybean Pathologist Soybeans can be affected by diseases throughout the growing season. In general seedling diseases are only a problem in fields planted
More informationDetection of Seed Borne Fungi of Blonde Psyllium by Standard Blotter Methods
International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 6 Number 7 (2017) pp. 4281-4286 Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com Original Research Article https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2017.607.443
More informationSoil fertility and fertilizers for wild blueberry production
Revised 2013 Wild Blueberry Factsheet D.2.0 Soil fertility and fertilizers for wild blueberry production Introduction The wild blueberry is a perennial plant which grows naturally on a variety of soil
More informationPotential of Pseudomonas Isolates for the Production of Antifungal Activity against Phytopathogenic Fungi Associated with Replant Problem of Apple
Available online at www.ijpab.com Manorma and Kaur Int. J. Pure App. Biosci. 6 (1): 1214-1218 (2018) ISSN: 2320 7051 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18782/2320-7051.5737 ISSN: 2320 7051 Int. J. Pure App. Biosci.
More informationScreening of Fungicides, Botanicals and Bioagents against Colletotrichum dematium In Vitro
Screening of Fungicides, Botanicals and Bioagents against Colletotrichum dematium In Vitro *Rajkumar Kothikar and Mina Koche Department of Plant Pathology, Post Graduate Institute, Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh
More informationThe Secret to More Energy, Boosted Metabolism, and Weight Loss with Herbs. Courtney Polivka
The Secret to More Energy, Boosted Metabolism, and Weight Loss with Herbs Courtney Polivka www.revivedkitchen.com Ginseng Panax ENERGY, STRESS RELIEVER Ginseng root is grown in North America and Eastern
More informationFusarium Wilt of Queen Palm and Mexican Fan Palm 1
PP278 Fusarium Wilt of Queen Palm and Mexican Fan Palm 1 Monica L. Elliott 2 Summary As the name implies, Fusarium wilt of queen palm and Mexican fan palm is primarily observed on Syagrus romanzoffiana
More informationAn Analysis of Brand Preference and Market Share of Neem Based Pesticides in Kolar District, Karnataka
An Analysis of Brand Preference and Market Share of Neem Based Pesticides in Kolar District, Karnataka Moksha, V. a, Shilpa, B. V. b, Shruthi, J c, G. N. Nagaraja d a Research Associate, Department of
More informationFungicide Resistance Action Group UK (FRAG-UK)
Fungicide Resistance Action Group UK (FRAG-UK) Fungicide Resistance in Potato Pathogens: Potato tuber diseases Introduction Fungicides are used to control a range of pathogens responsible for rots and
More informationAMADEPA Association Martiniquaise pour le Developpement des Plantes Alimentaires
AMADEPA Association Martiniquaise pour le Developpement des Plantes Alimentaires 29eme CONGRES ANNUEL ANNUAL MEETING REUNION ANNUAL Agriculture Intensive dans les Iles de la Caraibe : enjeux, contraintes
More informationFusarium root rot of soybean occurrence, impact, and relationship with soybean cyst nematode
Proceedings of the Integrated Crop Management Conference Proceedings of the 22nd Annual Integrated Crop Management Conference Dec 1st, 12:00 AM Fusarium root rot of soybean occurrence, impact, and relationship
More informationTree and Shrub Disease
n t h r a A n t h r a c n o s e A number of different trees are affected by anthracnose disease. This fungal disease can cause severe leaf blighting and deformation, but in many cases the damage to the
More informationPresowing treatment of seeds of cereals and tubers of potato seeds Spraying of vegetative plants
Principally new preparation! New active substance - particles of colloidal silver modified with molecules of polyhexamethylene biguanide. Zerebra - growth stimulator and pesticides synergist Presowing
More informationAsian Journal of Food and Agro-Industry ISSN Available online at
As. J. Food Ag-Ind. 2009, Special Issue, S189-S195 Asian Journal of Food and Agro-Industry ISSN 1906-3040 Available online at www.ajofai.info Research Article Wood vinegar: by-product from rural charcoal
More informationFusarium thapsinum is the dominant species associated with sorghum stalk rot in Queensland and northern New South Wales
Department of Employment, Economic Development and Innovation Fusarium thapsinum is the dominant species associated with sorghum stalk rot in Queensland and northern New South Wales Lisa Kelly, Malcolm
More informationBioactive Test of Metabolites from Chaetomium cochliodes against Phytophthora sp.
Available online http://www.ijat-aatsea.com ISSN 1686-9141 Bioactive Test of Metabolites from Chaetomium cochliodes against Phytophthora sp. Tongon Rujira 1*, Soytong, Kasem 1 and Kanokmedhakul, S. 2 Department
More informationBy Dr. Preeti Pandya` Under the Guidance of. Dr. B. R. Patel Dr. Jignesh Kevalia
By Dr. Preeti Pandya` Under the Guidance of Dr. B. R. Patel Dr. Jignesh Kevalia Introduction Ayurveda is based on principles of nature and Vrikshayurveda is based on principles of Ayurveda and nature.
More informationTHE RIGHT SEEDS. THE RIGHT PROTECTION.
THE RIGHT SEEDS. THE RIGHT PROTECTION. Acceleron Seed Applied Solutions and Monsanto BioAg brands together provide an advanced portfolio of products that can provide more consistent protection for your
More informationKern County Vegetable Crops
Kern County Vegetable Crops November 2012 Flea Beetle Damage being Misdiagnosed as Cavity Spot in Carrots Joe Nunez and David Haviland UC Cooperative Extension, Kern Co. For the past few years carrot growers
More informationNorth Central Soybean Research Program. Seedling Diseases: Biology, Management and Education
North Central Soybean Research Program Seedling Diseases: Biology, Management and Education Jason Bond (Project Leader, University of Illinois- Carbondale, Leonor Leandro (Iowa State University), Gary
More informationS.No. Chapters Page No. 1. Plants Animals Air Activities on Air Water Our Body...
1 Contents S.No. Chapters Page No. 1. Plants... 1 2. Animals... 7 3. Air... 14 4. Activities on Air... 16 5. Water... 18 6. Our Body... 21 7. Food & Nutrition... 25 8. Safety and First Aid... 28 9. Up
More informationNutrition and Fertilization
Nutrition and Fertilization Profit vs. Professionalism Jerry Bond jerry@urbanforestanalytics.com 315-585-9145 Overview General Nutrition Fertilization Challenges Resources General Nutrient = essential
More informationDistribution and Incidence of Sugar Beet Diseases in the Wind River and Big Horn River Basins of Northwest Wyoming
Distribution and Incidence of Sugar Beet Diseases in the Wind River and Big Horn River Basins of Northwest Wyoming Prepared by Fred A. Gray, Ph.D Professor of Plant Pathology Department of Plant Sciences
More informationPulse disease update for Syama Chatterton, Mike Harding, Robyne Bowness, Kan-Fa Chang Agronomy Update January 9-10, 2018, Red Deer, AB
Pulse disease update for 2017 Syama Chatterton, Mike Harding, Robyne Bowness, Kan-Fa Chang Agronomy Update January 9-10, 2018, Red Deer, AB Overview Root rot surveys in 2017 Distribution of pathogens in
More informationmycotoxin-contaminated contaminated food or feed
Poisons in our Food By Melvin Newman, Ph.D. Professor Entomology and Plant Pathology Foods that may contain toxins Introduction Fungi: produce an array of chemical products called secondary metabolites.
More informationVolume XII, Number 17 September 18, Silver Scurf and Black Dot Development on Fresh Marketed Russet Norkotah Tubers in Storage
Research & Extension for the Potato Industry of Idaho, Oregon, & Washington Andrew Jensen, Editor. ajensen@potatoes.com; 509-760-4859 www.nwpotatoresearch.com Volume XII, Number 17 September 18, 2012 Silver
More informationANTIFUNGAL POTENTIAL OF BOTANICAL LEAF EXTRACTS AGAINST SEED BORNE FUNGAL PATHOGENS ASSOCIATED WITH SOME GOURD SEEDS.
ANTIFUNGAL POTENTIAL OF BOTANICAL LEAF EXTRACTS AGAINST SEED BORNE FUNGAL PATHOGENS ASSOCIATED WITH SOME GOURD SEEDS. Patekar M.A.,* Kadam R.M. 1 and Biradar R.P.* * Department of Botany, Shivaji College,
More informationCurriculum vitae. 4. Ph.D. thesis Electrophysiological and Behavioral Studies on Chemical Communication of Four Tortricid Species
Curriculum vitae 1. Personal Name Present Address E-mail Gwang Hyun (Hyun Sik) Roh Insect Chemical Ecology Laboratory, Department of Plant Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Gyeongnam,
More informationVitiSan InsectoSec. export products
CURATIO SilicoSec VitiSan InsectoSec export products export products CURATIO SilicoSec VitiSan InsectoSec lime sulphur diatomaceous earth potassium bicarbonate diatomaceous earth page 4 page 6 page 8 page
More informationAntifungal activity of methanolic and ethanolic leaf extracts of medicinal plants
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLANT PROTECTION VOLUME 9 ISSUE 2 OCTOBER, 216 474-478 e ISSN-976-68 Visit us : www.researchjournal.co.in IJPP RESEARCH PAPER DOI : 1.74/HAS/IJPP/9.2/474-478 Antifungal activity
More information1. INTRODUCTION. oldest commercial crops, plays a key role in the economic and social affairs of the world
1. INTRODUCTION Cotton (Gossypium spp.) regarded as white gold is one of the important and oldest commercial crops, plays a key role in the economic and social affairs of the world (Shah et al., 2011;
More informationEAR AND KERNEL ROTS. When to look for: Mid-August to October (and during storage)
EAR AND KERNEL ROTS When to look for: Mid-August to October (and during storage) Reduction in yield and grain quality due to infection by fungi of ears and kernels both during the growing season, and while
More information2015 Evaluation of In-Furrow and Foliar Fungicides for Disease Control in Peanut, Jay, FL
201 Evaluation of In-Furrow and Foliar Fungicides for Disease Control in Peanut, Jay, FL John Atkins and Barry Brecke This report includes a summary of the 201 in-furrow and foliar fungicide programs for
More informationDeterministic Factors of Thai Cassava Prices: Multi-Uses of Cassava from Food, Feed, and Fuel Affecting on Thai Cassava Price Volatility
ISSN 2413-0877 Volume 3 (2016) 12-16 ICoA Conference Proceedings, 7 9 November 2015 Deterministic Factors of Thai Cassava Prices: Multi-Uses of Cassava from Food, Feed, and Fuel Affecting on Thai Cassava
More informationREPORT TO THE AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH FOUNDATION FOR THE OREGON PROCESSED VEGETABLE COMMISSION December 2010 Project Title: Management of Fusarium
REPORT TO THE AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH FOUNDATION FOR THE OREGON PROCESSED VEGETABLE COMMISSION December 21 Project Title: Management of Fusarium diseases of sweet corn in the PNW: microflora influence on
More informationRole of Phosphorus, Potassium, Calcium and Magnesium on Disease Resistance. Overview. - Introduction. - Conclusions / prospects
Role of Phosphorus, Potassium, Calcium and Magnesium on Disease Resistance - Introduction V. Römheld, Institute of Plant Nutrition (330) University Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany e-mail: roemheld@uni-hohenheim.de
More informationThe Industrialization of Neem Plantation in Yunnan Province our Experiences
The Industrialization of Neem Plantation in Yunnan Province ------our Experiences Yunnan Guangming Neem Industry Development Co, Ltd Abstract: The history, advantages and realistic significance of Neem
More informationSENSITIVITY OF FUNGAL PATHOGENS TO CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES IN AVOCADO TREES
South African Avocado Growers Association Yearbook 1982. 5:32-34 SENSITIVITY OF FUNGAL PATHOGENS TO CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES IN AVOCADO TREES FC WEHNER, SANDRA BESTER and JM KOTZÉ DEPT OF MICROBIOLOGY AND PLANT
More informationManagement of Coriander Wilt (Fusarium oxysporium) through Cultural Practices as Organic Amendments and Date of Sowing
International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 6 Number 9 (2017) pp. 896-900 Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com Original Research Article https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2017.609.108
More informationA quick guide to multipurpose trees from around the world. Use of neem as a Biological Pest Control agent
FACT Sheet FACT 98-01, January 1998 A quick guide to multipurpose trees from around the world Use of neem as a Biological Pest Control agent The neem tree (Azadirachta indica) has been introduced and established
More informationManagement of Root Diseases in Sugarbeet
Management of Root Diseases in Sugarbeet Ashok K. Chanda Assistant professor/ Extension Sugarbeet Pathologist Northwest Research and Outreach Center, Crookston Dept. of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota
More informationYaraVita PROCOTE. The colors of yield.
YaraVita PROCOTE The colors of yield. Micronutrient Coating YaraVita PROCOTE is an innovative liquid technology developed by Yara for coating prilled and granular fertilizers with micronutrients. It allows
More informationAvailable online at Scholars Research Library
Available online at www.scholarsresearchlibrary.com European Journal of Zoological Research, 2013, 2 (4):76-81 (http://scholarsresearchlibrary.com/archive.html) ISSN: 2278 7356 Investigate the antibacterial
More informationEFFECT OF ROOT ROT PATHOGENS AND FUNGICIDE SEED TREATMENT ON NODULATION IN FOOD GRAIN LEGUMES
EFFECT OF ROOT ROT PATHOGENS AND FUNGICIDE SEED TREATMENT ON NODULATION IN FOOD GRAIN LEGUMES J.W. Muthomi, P.E. Otieno, G.N. Chemining wa and J.H. Nderitu Department of Plant Science and Crop Protection,
More informationPhosphorus (P) The Fuel of Life
The Phosphorus Cycle Phosphorus (P) The Fuel of Life Phosphorus Losses: - P leaching losses are low. - Topsoil erosion causes significant loss. - P removal through products. - P lost to unproduc
More informationPlant Disease and Insect Advisory
Plant Disease and Insect Advisory Entomology and Plant Pathology Oklahoma State University 127 Noble Research Center Stillwater, OK 74078 Vol. 7, No. 25 http://entoplp.okstate.edu/pddl/ July 10, 2008 Wheat
More informationManagement of Alternaria Leaf Blight of Bottle Gourd in Western Rajasthan, India
International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 6 Number 6 (2017) pp. 1272-1277 Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com Original Research Article https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2017.606.149
More informationPatented ECO-FERTILIZER. Soil AMENDMENT. Nitrogen REPLACEMENT
Try other Performance Nutrition products Humates & Humic Acids KaPre Soil Amendments KaPre Fertilizers LidoQuest Patented Fertilizers NutriSmart Patented Eco-Fertilizer Nutrol Bio-Pesticide Pennamin Amino
More informationLimitations to Plant Analysis. John Peters & Carrie Laboski Department of Soil Science University of Wisconsin-Madison
Limitations to Plant Analysis John Peters & Carrie Laboski Department of Soil Science University of Wisconsin-Madison What is an essential plant nutrient omission of the element will result in abnormal
More informationFusarium Wilt of Queen Palm and Mexican Fan Palm 1
PP278 1 Monica L. Elliott 2 Summary As the name implies, Fusarium wilt of queen palm and Mexican fan palm is primarily observed on Syagrus romanzoffiana (queen palm) and Washingtonia robusta (Mexican fan
More informationGRDC Grains Research Update
GRDC Grains Research Update Suppression of wheat & canola fungal diseases by endophytic biocontrol agents Margaret Roper, CSIRO with Cathryn O Sullivan, Cindy Myers and Louise Thatcher The Research Team
More informationAPPLICATION METHOD OF ANTIMICROBIAL SUB- COMMUNE FR. CAUSING BROWN GERM AND SEED ROT OF OIL PALM
BIOTROPIA Application VOL. 15 NO. method 1, 2008 of antimicrobial : 37-49 substances A. Dikin et al. APPLICATION METHOD OF ANTIMICROBIAL SUB- STANCES FOR THE CONTROL OF SCHIZOPHYLLUM COMMUNE FR. CAUSING
More informationR.C. Jagessar 1, A. Nankishore 2, A. Hafeez 2
An investigation of the effectiveness of plant extracts from Azadirachta indica (neem) and Persea americana (pear) against rice sheath blight disease induced by Rhizoctonia solani R.C. Jagessar 1, A. Nankishore
More informationUN Agencies strategic approach to Articles 17 and 18 of the WHO FCTC. Geneva, 17 November 2017
UN Agencies strategic approach to Articles 17 and 18 of the WHO FCTC Geneva, 17 November 2017 Articles of the Convention (1) Articles of the Convention (1) Social disruption and poverty linked to tobacco
More informationApple Cider Vinegar Research has shown Apple Cider Vinegar cure high cholesterol, diabetes, sore throats and heart burn.
Home Remedies Winter home remedy drink What you need: Ginger juice one cup Lemon Juice one cup Garlic Juice one cup Apple cider Vinegar one cup How to make: Crush ginger and garlic separately Squeeze to
More informationEFFICACY OF DIFFERENT BIO-PESTICIDES AGAINST SUCKING PESTS OF Bt COTTON PATEL, R. D.; *BHARPODA, T. M.; BORAD, P. K.; BHATT, N. A. AND MAHIDA, R. D.
EFFICACY OF DIFFERENT BIO-PESTICIDES AGAINST SUCKING PESTS OF Bt COTTON PATEL, R. D.; *BHARPODA, T. M.; BORAD, P. K.; BHATT, N. A. AND MAHIDA, R. D. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL ENTOMOLOGY B. A. COLLEGE
More informationEffect of Mycostop on Fusarium root-rot agents of raspberry
SCIENTIFIC WORKS OF THE LITHUANIAN INSTITUTE OF HORTICULTURE AND LITHUANIAN UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE. SODININKYSTĖ IR DARŽININKYSTĖ. 2008. 27(1). Effect of Mycostop on Fusarium root-rot agents of raspberry
More informationDEVELOPMENT, EVALUATION, PRODUCTION AND APPLICATION OF ECO-FRIENDLY NEEM BASED PESTICIDES AN INDIAN EXPERIENCE
DEVELOPMENT, EVALUATION, PRODUCTION AND APPLICATION OF ECO-FRIENDLY NEEM BASED PESTICIDES AN INDIAN EXPERIENCE S.P. Dhua and Y.P. Ramdev RENPAP/UNIDO India Agriculture based economy Important inputs for
More informationAsian Journal of Food and Agro-Industry ISSN Available online at
Research Article Asian Journal of Food and Agro-Industry ISSN 1906-3040 Available online at www.ajofai.info Antifungal activity of essential oils from basil (Ocimum basilicum Linn.) and sweet fennel (Ocimum
More informationIn vitro Screening of Plant Extracts, Trichoderma harzianum and Carbendazim against Fusarium oxysporium f. sp. Lycopersici on Tomato
International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 6 Number 8 (2017) pp. 818-823 Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com Original Research Article https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2017.608.103
More informationRemoval of Mycotoxins during Food Processing
88 Removal of Mycotoxins during Food Processing Hisashi Kamimura Abstract In order to learn whether there might be a risk to human health from the intake of mycotoxins contaminating agricultural products,
More informationEducation Transformation Office (ETO) 8 th Grade Unit # 1 Assessment
Education Transformation Office (ETO) 8 th Grade Unit # 1 Assessment 1. A student wants to find out if temperature affects the behavior of goldfish. He has four bowls and 20 goldfish. Which of the following
More informationEffect of aqueous extract of sun dried neem (azadirachta indica a) leaves on wheat and wheat weeds (wild oat and dumbi sitti) in Vitro
International Research Journal of Plant Science (ISSN: 2141-5447) Vol. 3(4) pp. 69-73, May 2012 Available online http://www.interesjournals.org/irjps Copyright 2012 International Research Journals Full
More informationBack To Your Roots Soil Solutions
Back To Your Roots Soil Solutions Our mission is to provide producers with access to environmentally friendly products that address soil problems and facilitate sustainable farming practices. We did not
More informationField Efficacy of Seed Dressing Fungicides against Seed Borne Diseases of Cotton
International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 6 Number 8 (2017) pp. 3661-3667 Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com Original Research Article https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2017.608.443
More informationoxysporum f, sp, ciceri and Meloidogyne javanica
Supplement to the Journal of Nematology 27(4S):649-653. 1995. The Society of Nematologists 1995. Co-infection of Wilt-Resistant Chickpeas by Fusarium oxysporum f, sp, ciceri and Meloidogyne javanica T.
More informationCHAPTER 12 APPLICATION OF HERBAL FINISH TO ALKALI TREATED POLYESTER COTTON WEFT KNITTED FABRIC
166 CHAPTER 12 APPLICATION OF HERBAL FINISH TO ALKALI TREATED POLYESTER COTTON WEFT KNITTED FABRIC 12.1 INTRODUCTION Research on eco-friendly antimicrobial finish textiles is an emerging area today. Rao
More informationFull Length Research Paper. Pretheep-Kumar, P. 1*, Balasubramanian, A. 1 and Mohan, S. 2
Sky Journal of Agricultural Research Vol. 4(4), pp. 067-071, June, 2015 Available online http://www.skyjournals.org/sjar ISSN 2315-8751 2015 Sky Journals Full Length Research Paper Efficacy of extracts
More informationApplication of Real Time PCR for Detection And Identification of Soybean Pests in Michigan
Application of Real Time PCR for Detection And Identification of Soybean Pests in Michigan Project Number: Team Leader: GR03-004 Patrick Hart, Michigan State University Department of Plant Pathology Objectives
More informationComparative efficacy of oil palm inflorescence ash, orange peels ash and benlate in preservation of cassava tubers (Manihot esculenta Crantz)
AGRICULTURE AND BIOLOGY JOURNAL OF NORTH AMERICA ISSN Print: 2151-7517, ISSN Online: 2151-7525, doi:10.5251/abjna.2011.2.1.1.5 2011, ScienceHuβ, http://www.scihub.org/abjna Comparative efficacy of oil
More information