Impact factor: 3.958/ICV: RASA SINDHURA- A PHARMACOLOGICAL STUDY Nischitha 1* and Dinesh 2

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1 Impact factor: 3.958/ICV: Pharma Science Monitor 7(4), Oct-Dec 2016 PHARMA SCIENCE MONITOR AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES Journal home page: RASA SINDHURA- A PHARMACOLOGICAL STUDY Nischitha 1* and Dinesh 2 1 Assistant Professor, Dept. of Rasa Shastra, JSS, AMC, MYSORE 2 Physician, Bangalore ABSTRACT Rasa Sindhura is one of the important preparation among KupiPakwa Rasayanas. It has its own significance because of specific pharmaceutical process and excellent clinical results with minimum therapeutic dosage. There are various methids adopted for the preparation of Rasa Sindura out of among all these Antardhuma and Talastha process is comparatively difficult and in the present work Bahirdhuma, Kantastha method is adopted for the preparation of Rasa Sindhura. In the present studyvalukayantra and aihoreyantra are being used for the heating purpose. The Bhasma praiksha is done as per classical descritions to asceratain the quality of Rasa Sidura. KEYWORDS: Bhasma praiksha, Rasa Sindhura. INTRODUCTION Rasa Sindhura is one of the important preparation among KupiPakwa Rasayanas. It has its own significance because of specific pharmaceutical process and excellent clinical results with minimum therapeutic dosage.the word Rasa has been found derived from the root words like Rasati,Rasayati,Rasasyati etc. which meanslike to taste, to radish, to feel, to high, to perceive, to be sensible, to get, to desire, to cry, to sound etc. 1 The word Rasa indicates Parada which the entire Rasa Shastra is used upon.sindhura;philosophically it is derived from the root SyandaPrasravane which gives to meaning of releasing properties. The word Sindhura is having its own significance, it means vermilion colour i.e., Aruna Varna. As the finished product has Sindhura Varna, the product is known by the name Sindhura Various processes adopted for Rasa Sindhura preparation 2 : 1. Antardhuma In this method Kupi is sealed from the beginning and smoke is not allowed to escape. 2. Bahirdhuma in this sulphur fumes are allowed to go out completely and then kupi is sealed. 3. Galastha - In this process, Rasa Sindhura gets accumulated at the neck of the bottle. 4. Talastha Rasa Sindhura is collected from the bottom of the bottle.

2 Impact factor: 3.958/ICV: Among all these Antardhuma and Talastha process is comparatively difficult and in the present work Bahirdhuma, Kantastha method is adopted for the preparation of Rasa Sindhura. Method of preparation of Rasa Sindhura: This consists of five stages: 1. Purification of Ingredients 2. Preparation of Kajjali 3. Fitting of the apparatus 4. Heating 5. Collection of the compound. Purification of Ingredients 3 Samanya and visheshashodita or Hingulotha Parada or Ashta Samskarita or Triple distilled Parada (Hg) can be used for this purpose. Similarly shodita Gandhaka either with milk, Ghee or juice of Bringaraja are commonly used. Preparation of Kajjali 4,5 According to the ratios, i.e. equal quantity of mercury and sulphur and other ingredients are triturated after purification without adding any liquid till a black, lusterless, smooth powder like collyrium is obtained. This is called Kajjali. Author of Rasa Tarangini has advised to give Vatankura Swarasa Bhavana to prepare Samaguna Rasa Sindhura. Fitting of the apparatus Five types of yantras have been used in classics for the preparation of Rasa Sindhura. 5. Ishtikayantra found used in one reference. 6. Valuka / Saikatayantra 58 reference. 7. Dolayantra Found in one reference. 8. Bhudarayantra 3 references. 9. Laghu puta one reference. Commonly Valukayantra and aihoreyantra are being used for the heating purpose. Different methods of heating: According to Rasapaddhati minimum proportion of mercury and sulphur i.e., 1: 1/6 th requires minimum heat i.e. Dipagni and Laghu puta 112. Maximum heating time of 168 hours have been mentioned for the preparation of Samaguna rasa Sindhura in yoga maharnava 113, 112 In Rasa Tarangini the maximum heat supply is advised for the preparation containing maximum of Sulphur ratio i.e., 1: 6 (7 days or 168 hours).

3 Impact factor: 3.958/ICV: Standards to test Rasa Sindhura: For Rasa Sindhura two tests are described in classics : 1. Organoleptic test i.e., physical properties of Rasa Sindhura. 2. Rasayanika or chemical properties. Organoleptic test: Varna of Sindura is the colour of Rising sun depending on the proportion of sulphur added, the colour varies and the similes given for this red colour by various texts are as follows: i. Aruna Bhasma 6 Vermilion colour ash and luster like. ii. Bandhuka pushpavarna 7 Flower of Hibiscus Rosa iii. Balaruna Surya Sannibham 8 Morning Sun iv. Hingulabham 8 Carrying cinnabar type luster. v. Indragopanibham 6 Like rainy insect of red colour. vi. Kumkuma pinjaram 8 Saffron like reddish yellow vii. Manikya nibham 9 like ruby viii. padmaraga Maniprabha 10 Like ruby ix. Rajivopam 11 Similar to lotus. x. Raktavarna 11 red like blood. xi. Sonavarnam 12 Blood colour. xii.sindhura Sadrusham 13 Like the powder of red lead. xiii. Tarunadityasannibham Equivalent to morning sun. GataRasatvam - Aruchi (Tasteless) Sparsha - Soft, felt by simple touch with finger tips. Gandha - Not specific Rekhapurnatva - When the rasa sindhura rubbed between the thumb and index finger it enters the furrows of the fingers. Varitaratva -When finely powdered Rasa Sindhura carefully sprinkled into a test tube containing water, it floats on it. ischandratvam - No shining particles should be there in the finely powdered Rasa Sindhura even when it made wet and observed in the bright sunlight. Nirdhumatvam - The Rasa Sindhura sprinkled over the red hot coal. It should not emit any smoke.

4 Impact factor: 3.958/ICV: Sindhurasetc, revealed The isotopic analysis of Samaguna Dviguna Rasa Pharmacological action of Rasa Sindhura : Rasa - Shadrasa Guna - Guru, Snigdha Virya - Ushna Vipaka - Madhura Prabhava - Vajikara, Sarva Rogaharaon of Rasa Sindhura : It mainly acts on Kapha Dosha, Amashya, Puppusa, Hridaya etc., It regulates 5 types of vata s It regulates sense organs It maintains health of healthy persons It is prameharaha, works in Rajayakshama, Pandu and sthoulya 141. Anupans for Rasa Sindhura: According to various classical texts different Anupanas are mentioned for Rasa Sindhura according to various diseases. The main ideal Anupanas used are : Madhu. Milk Ghrita. Dose of Rasa Sindhura: Despite of different methods adopted for Rasa Sindhura preparations and the various proportions of ingredients used, dose of Rasa Sindhura may be estimated between 1/16-5 Ratti according to various pharmacopeia. CONCLUSION Rasa sindura is one of the most important preparation in Rasa Shastra. It is prameharaha, works in Rajayakshama, Pandu and sthoulya because of its Kapha Dosha properties. REFERENCES 1. Sri.Moneir-williams-sanskrit English dictionary, indica book, varanasi, 1 st Edn, GovindaBhagavatpada, Rasa Hridaya Tantram with Mugdavabodhini Sanskrit commentary of Chatubhuja Mishra edited by Acharya Doulatram Rasa Shastri, 2 nd Edn, Varanasi, Chaukamba Publishers, 2001, Chapter 14, 18, Version 2-6.

5 Impact factor: 3.958/ICV: Bhairavananda yogi, Rasarnava Nama Rasatantra, Rasachandrika commentary, Translated by Dr. IndradevaTripati and Jara DattaPanta edited by Dr. Sri Krishna Dxit, 3 rd edition, Varanasi, Chaukamba Sanskrit series, 1995, chapter 4, 13, version 8,9,11-14, 104, 106, S.V. Radha Krishna Shastri, Ananda Kanda, Edited by T.Chandra Madras Govt. Orientalia series, 1952, 689pp. 5. Acharya Yashodara, Rasa PrakashaSudhakara, with Siddiprada Hindi commentary by Siddinandana Mishra, 2 nd edition, Varanasi Chaukambaorientalia, 1998, 3 rd Chapter, Version Sri Gopala Krishna, Rasendra Sara Sangraha with Rasa Vidyothini Hindi Comentary by Indra Deva Tripati Edited by Siddinandana Mishra, 3 rd edition, Varanasi, Chaukamba Orientalia, 2003, 1 st Chapter, Version Acharya Dundukanatha, RasendraChintamani, translated by Siddinandan Mishra, 1 st Edition, Varanasi, Chaukambaorientalia, 2000, 2 nd chapter, version Acharya Bindu, Rasa Paddati with Siddiprada commentary by Dr. Siddinanthana Mishra, Varanasi, Chaukambaorientalia, 1 st Edition, Vaidya Sri Lakshmipaty Shastri, yogaratnakara, Edited by Bhishakrathna Sri BrhmaShankara Shastri, 6 th Edition, Varanasi, Chaukamba publication, 1997, Sri Bhava Mishra, Bhava Prakasha-Part II, Edited by Sri Brahma Shankara Mishra and Sri Rupakalaji Vaisya, 5 th Edition, Varanasi, ChaukambaSamskritaSamsthana., 1993, 5 th Chapter, version Acharya Madhava, Ayurveda Prakasha, edited by gulrajsharma Mishra, 2 nd edition, Varanasi, ChaukambaBharati Academy, 1999, 1 st Chapter, Version Vaidya Pandit Hari Prapanna Sharma, Rasa Yoga Sagara-II, Varanasi, 2 nd edition, Krishanadas Academy, 1983, version Sri Harisharananda, Bhasma Vijana, Ayurveda VijnanaGrautha Karyalaya, Amritsar, 1 st Edition 1954, pp. 14. Sri Sadananda Sharma, Rasa Tarangini, edited by Kashinatha Shastri, 11 th Edition, New Delhi, Motilala Banarasidas publication, 1979, 6 th Chapter, version Vaidya Pandit Hari Prapanna Sharma, Rasa Yoga Sagara-II, Varanasi, 2 nd edition, Krishanadas Academy, 1983, version 256pp. 16. Sri Siddinandan Mishra, AyurvedeeyaRasashstra, 11 th Edition, Varanasi, Chaukambaorientalia, 2001, 175 pp.

6 Impact factor: 3.958/ICV: Acharya Dundukanatha, RasendraChintamani, translated by Siddinandan Mishra, 1 st Edition, Varanasi, Chaukambaorientalia, 2000, 2 nd chapter, version7, Acharya Yashodara, Rasa PrakashaSudhakara, with Siddiprada Hindi commentary by Siddinandana Mishra, 2 nd edition, Varanasi Chaukambaorientalia, 1998, 3 rd Chapter, Version Sri Harisharananda, Bhasma Vijana, Ayurveda VijnanaGrautha Karyalaya, Amritsar, 1 st Edition 1954, pp.