Chlamydiae in the ejaculate: their influence on the quality and morphology of sperm
|
|
- Leslie Williams
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2004: 83: Copyright # Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2004 Printed in Denmark. All rights reserved Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica ORIGINAL ARTICLE Chlamydiae in the ejaculate: their influence on the quality and morphology of sperm ZDENEK VEZNIK 1,LEOPOLD POSPISIL 1,DRAHOMIRA SVECOVA 1,ATANASKA ZAJICOVA 1 AND VIT UNZEITIG 2 From the 1 Veterinary Research Institute, Brno and the 2 Department of Gynecology and Obstetric, Medical Faculty of Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2004; 83: # Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand Background. Given the lack of information concerning the role of Chlamydia trachomatis in male fertility, the aim of this study was to ascertain and analyze the quality of Chlamydiae-positive and -negative semen. Material and methods. Sperm count was performed according to the 1999 World Health Organization (WHO) laboratory manual for examination of human semen and sperm cervical mucus interaction, and sperm survival was assessed by a 120-min test. The evaluation of the morphological examination of ejaculates was carried out using the SASMO (strict morphological analysis of ejaculates) computer program. Chlamydiae were detected by immunofluorescent reaction using the Progen Biotechnik GmbH diagnostic set. Fisher s exact test and the -quadrate test were used for statistical analysis. Results. Of the total of 627 sperm samples examined, Chlamydiae were detected in 136 cases (21.7%). Sperm analysis showed significant differences between Chlamydiae-positive and -negative samples. The Chlamydiae-contaminated group showed normal sperm morphology 14.4% lower, volume 6.4% lower, concentration 8.3% lower, motility 7.8% and velocity 9.3% lower than in Chlamydiae-negative samples. The average values for normal spermatozoa and motility in the Chlamydiae-positive group were also significantly reduced. Conclusion. Chlamydia trachomatis was found to be a possible factor in sperm pathology. These results could help to elucidate the role of Chlamydia trachomatis in male infertility. Key words: male infertility; Chlamydia trachomatis; semen analysis; sperm morphology Submitted 28 July, 2003 Accepted 10 February, 2004 Introduction Given the number of studies on genital chlamydiosis, there are surprisingly few dealing with the presence of Chlamydiae in the ejaculate and their potential influence on its quality. At five recent symposia on chlamydial infections held between 1999 and 2002 (1 5), only a few of the papers dealt with this issue (6,7). Nevertheless, there is sufficient information available on this topic. Abbreviations: WHO: World Health Organization; SASMO: strict morphological sperm analysis; SD: standard deviation; SV: starting value; 2V: values after 120 min; IgA: immunoglobulin A; IgG: immunoglobulin G; LCR: ligase chain reaction. The questions of to what extend chlamydial infections can bring about pathological changes in male gonads and, consequently, fertility disorders have not yet been addressed in sufficient detail. In their 2001 study, Bollman et al. attempted to show a connection between the quality of sperm, the function of male gonads and Chlamydia trachomatis infections detected by both direct and indirect detection methods. Only in rare cases did the authors succeed in demonstrating a connection between the poorer quality of sperm and the Chlamydia trachomatis infection (8). Similarly, a study by Videau et al. (9) did not demonstrate any changes in sperm relating to the immunoglobulin A (IgA) Chlamydia trachomatis
2 Detection of Chlamydiae in human ejaculate 657 antibodies. However, the authors did suggest that the presence of these antibodies in the semen of asymptomatic, infertile men might function as an indication of a Chlamydia trachomatis infection in their female partners (9). The presence of Chlamydia trachomatis in the semen of males in infertile couples was detected in 35.9% of the 92 examined men in a 2001 study by Gdoura et al. However, they do not consider the presence of Chlamydia trachomatis in the semen to be inevitable proof of male infertility (10). In contrast to these authors, Rezacova et al. (7) state that 62% of males examined with IgA Chlamydia trachomatis antibodies detected in their seminal plasma were also diagnosed with spermiogram abnormalities. Earlier studies by Veznik et al. (11,12) showed connections between qualitative changes in spermiograms of males with Chlamydiae detected in their semen. According to Vigil et al. (13), the influence of Chlamydia trachomatis infections on male infertility is highly controversial. The authors believe that spermatozoa are active carriers involved in the dissemination of Chlamydia trachomatis, which does not directly affect the quality of semen, but their transmission to the female partner results in infectious processes and the production antispermatic antibodies. The fact that Chlamydiae can negatively influence spermatozoa motility was shown in an experimental study by Hosseinzadeh et al. (14). In a simultaneous incubation of spermatozoa and Chlamydiae, spermatozoa motility dropped significantly (14). The authors claim that this is a consequence of the presence of a live microorganism rather than the presence of soluble components or membrane elements. Pospisil et al. (15) demonstrated in an experiment involving Chlamydial orchitis in rabbits that both antichlamydial and antispermatic antibodies can develop. As for the diagnosis of chlamydial infections in the male genital tract, some authors believe that direct detection of Chlamydiae gives reliable data; the evidence of antichlamydial antibodies in the serum is not, however, equally reliable (16). Despite the availability of modern molecular biological methods for the detection of Chlamydiae, an indisputable association between the isolation of the chlamydial agents and its origin in the ejaculate is limited by various factors. The main problem lies in the fact that the examined material the ejaculate only reflects contamination experienced in the urethra, through which it passes (17,18). This assumption is supported by Keck et al. (19), who believe that the presence of bacteria in the sperm may be the result of either a contamination or even an infection. So far, there is no ideal test for the detection of Chlamydiae in the ejaculate, even though the use of the ligase chain reaction (LCR) has resulted in further progress in this field (20). In this respect, the demonstration of IgA antibodies in seminal plasma seems to be a useful method (21). The whole issue of the role of Chlamydia trachomatis in the pathogenesis of male infertility is discussed in detail in the recent study by Eggert-Kruse et al. (6). In an effort to bring more light onto this issue, we are developing an analysis of the results of our own spermatological research. Material and methods Our study included 627 male ejaculates acquired from sperm donors. Each donor provided recorded information on alcohol abuse, smoking, sexual activity, profession, health, diseases, injuries and medication. Chlamydiae in the ejaculate were detected by a direct immunofluorescent reaction using the Progen Biotechnik GmbH diagnostic set. Each smear was examined for at least 15 min. The absence of Chlamydiae was marked as 0. Chlamydial elementary bodies detected were marked as follows: (þ) for the detection of between one and five elementary bodies in the smear; (þþ) for the detection of more than five elementary bodies; and (þþþ) for the detection of either elementary or reticular bodies in every viewing field. For the spermatological examination the following indicators of ejaculate quality were measured: the volume of semen, the density of the spermatozoa and the motility of the spermatozoa, the latter measured two times during microscopic examination to assess the short-term survivability of the spermatozoa, first at the starting point of the examination (SV) and then again after 120 min (2V). Similarly, the speed of the spermatozoa, measured by a propulsivity test, and the nature of the spermatozoa motion were measured at SV and at 2V. The percentage of live spermatozoa in the smear was also assessed at SV and at 2V using supravital staining tests. Morphological examination of the ejaculates and structural changes in the spermatozoa as well as the detection of Chlamydiae were carried out using a Nikon Labothop-2 microscope at a magnification of The classification of normal spermatozoa was in accordance with the definition of the 1999 WHO laboratory manual for the examination of human semen and sperm cervical mucus interaction (22). For the evaluation, we used the SASMO (strict morphological sperm analysis) computer program in a strict morphological analysis of the ejaculate (23). The evaluation of frequency of ejaculates contaminated by Chlamydiae was divided into two time periods, from 1995 to 1998 and from 1998 to Results A total of 627 men were examined with Chlamydiae detected in 136 (21.7%) of them. According to the intensity of the agents present in the 136 contaminated ejaculates, 48 smears (35.3%) were marked (þ) and 88 (64.7%) with (þþ)or(þþþ). In the spermatological examination of ejaculates with either positive or negative
3 658 Z. Veznik et al. Table I. Analysis of 627 male ejaculates ( ) Chlamydia negative Chlamydia positive Difference Ø SD Ø SD (%) Volume of ejaculate (ml) Spermatozoa density (mm 3 ) (in thousands) Spermatozoa motility (%) 52.0* * Speed of spermatozoa (mm/s) Normal spermatozoa (%) Teratospermia index *Statistically significant: p ¼ 0.05 High statistical significance: p ¼ 0.01 Chlamydiae detection, other differences were also found in the relative values of individual criteria (Table I). In the Chlamydiae-contaminated group the volume of semen was 6.4% lower, spermatozoa density 8.3% lower and spermatozoa motility at the starting point of the examination 7.8% lower than the values in the Chlamydiae-negative ejaculates. The Chlamydiae-contaminated ejaculates also showed a 9.3% lower speed of spermatozoa motility and the percentage of normal spermatozoa was lower by 14.4% compared to the Chlamydiaenegative ejaculates. The differences in the proportional representation of normal spermatozoa between ejaculates with and without Chlamydiae were statistically highly significant (43.2%, SD 16.7 and 37.0%, SD 16.7, respectively, at p ¼ 0.01). The differences in sperm motility were also statistically highly significant (p ¼ 0.05). The high frequency of pathological spermatozoa in Chlamydiae-contaminated ejaculates is shown in Fig. 1 by a significant shift of in the plot to the right. Teratospermatozoa, so designated based on the number of pathologically abnormal spermatozoa detections, showed a higher percentage of ejaculates with over 65% pathological spermatozoa (Table II), which was also represented by differences in the teratospermatozoa index (Table I). However, the differences in frequencies are statistically insignificant. Abnormalities in spermatozoa heads caused by Frequency positive negative Pathological sperm % Fig. 1. The frequency of pathological spermatozoa in Chlamydia-contaminated ejaculates. developmental deformations accounted for 44.27% (SD 15.3) in Chlamydiae-negative ejaculates and 50.28% (SD 16.6) in Chlamydiaepositive ejaculates; this is statistically a highly significant difference (p ¼ 0.01). The frequency of the ejaculates contaminated by Chlamydiae was ascertained to be 21.7%. The division of the study into two periods ( and ) produced no statistically significant difference ( ) in the frequency of the Chlamydiae-contaminated ejaculates. In the first phase, 360 ejaculates were examined with contamination detected in 81 cases (22.5%), and in the second phase 53 ejaculates (19.9%) were contaminated out of the total of 267 examined. Discussion Our frequency of Chlamydiae detection in male ejaculates (21.7%) corresponds with the findings of Hartung (21). By contrast, Rezacova et al. (7), using the LCR test, no positive Chlamydiae detection despite the presence of IgA and IgG antichlamydial antibodies in the ejaculates of 39% of the men examined. We cannot exclude the possibility that the negative results of the LCR test, which was originally designed as a noninvasive means of Chlamydiae detection in urine, could have been a consequence of the presence of seminal plasma inhibitors obstructing the process of the reaction (24). Men with a positive detection of antibodies in seminal plasma Table II. The occurrence of pathological spermatozoa in male ejaculates with negative and positive results for Chlamydia Pathological Chlamydia negative Chlamydia positive Statistical sperm (%) % SD % SD significance p ¼ p ¼ 0.01
4 Detection of Chlamydiae in human ejaculate 659 also showed qualitative changes in their spermiograms. Rezacova et al. (7) also focused on azithromycin therapy in 14 patients, 10 of whom showed improvement in the quality of semen (71%). This result is in accordance with the findings of our study with a limited number of patients. Thirteen patients were observed for the effect of therapy (their respective general practitioners were recommended to use azithromycin therapy). Eight of the 13 patients observed were Chlamydiae negative at their second or third examination (following therapy duration of at least 3 months). The therapy, then, helped to eliminate the ejaculate Chlamydiae contamination in 61.5% of the patients. In two patients the therapy resulted in a considerable reduction in the frequency of elementary bodies in the ejaculate. On the whole, a positive effect of the therapy was observed in 76.9% of the patients. In three patients the therapy resulted in no change in the frequency of ejaculate contamination (23%). The examination of the quality of the ejaculates after the therapy showed an overall improvement in individual criteria of spermatoanalysis. The volumes of ejaculates rose by 26.7% in comparison with the figures prior to therapy and the density of spermatozoa in the ejaculates rose by 58% on average. Spermatozoa motility improved by 11.6% at the initial value (SV) and 20% after the short-term survival test (2V). The speed of spermatozoa rose by 30% at SV, but results after 2V showed only a 3% improvement. The increase in the percentage of morphologically nonmutated spermatozoa was 15.4% on average. In the individual spermatoanalytical criteria, the following improvements were found: 78.5% in ejaculate volume, 71.4% in spermatozoa density, 57.2% in spermatozoa motility at SV and 64.3% at 2 V, approximately 50% in the speed of spermatozoa at both SV and 2V, and finally, 50% in the morphological analysis of the semen. The results of macrolide antibiotics therapy can therefore be regarded as very promising, and suitable for use in cases of genital chlamydiosis. The evidence of qualitative changes in ejaculates paralleling positive Chlamydiae detections cannot be considered as a generally valid parallel phenomenon (9). It is therefore of great significance that in a group of Chlamydiae-positivemaleejaculates, the percentage of morphologically abnormal spermatozoa was statistically much higher. Further evidence of the connection between morphologically abnormal spermatozoa and chlamydial contamination is their lower posttherapy frequency. Similarly positive results of the therapy were also noted by Wolff et al. (25), with the difference in the frequency of pathological changes in spermatozoa also of high statistical significance. Functional and morphological changes in spermatozoa in ejaculates reflect the locality of the agents relative activity. If the origin of the infection is in the adnexa and/or the excretory duct, the changes in ejaculates take the form of a lower level of functional indicators and a reduced membrane resistance leading to a decrease in survival abilities. The presence of agents in the parenchyma of the testis can affect two basic structural components, the interstitium and the spermogenetic epithelium. In both cases this results in morphological changes in spermatozoa, varying from teratospermia to oligospermia, of differing intensity. In such cases agents can be found adhering to spermatozoa or submembraneously incorporated in the acrosome locality, namely in the connecting portion. A high occurrence of genital chlamydiosis, its negative impact on the functions of the systems of the affected organs, a strong chronic tendency, and also repeated evidence of a decrease in the occurrence rate resulting from point screening and preventive measures with Chlamydiaepositive patients have led us to the following recommendations for assisted reproduction: use only ejaculates that have tested negatively for Chlamydiae, regardless of the methods used for the application of donated semen; carefully consider the suitability of semen donors with positive detection of IgA and IgM antibodies either in blood serum or in sperm plasma (26). Acknowledgments This work was supported by the Grant Agency of the Ministry of Health of the Czech Republic (IGA No. NH/ ). References 1. Bowle WR, Caldwell HD, Jones RP, Mardh PA, Ridgway GL, Schachter J et al., eds. Chlamydial Infections: Proceedings of the Seventh International Symposium on Human Chlamydial Infections. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990: Orfila J, Byrne GI, Chernesky MA, Grayston JT, Jones RB, Ridgway GL et al., eds. Chlamydial Infections: Proceedings of the Eighth International Symposium on Human Chlamydial Infections. Bologna, Italy: Societe Editrice Esculapio, 1994: Stary A, ed. Proceedings of the Third Meeting of the European Society for Chlamydia Research, Vienna, September 11 14, Saikku P. Proceedings of the Fourth Meeting of the European Society for Chlamydia Research, Helsinki, Finland, August 20 23, 2000: Schachter J, Christiansen G, Clarke IN et al., eds. Chlamydial Infections: Proceedings of the Tenth International Symposium on Human Chlamydial Infections, June 16 21, Antalya, Turkey, Eggert-Kruse WS, Clussmann C, Zwick EM. Complications of the Chlamydia trachomatis infection in males. In: Saikku P, ed. Proceedings of the Fourth Meeting of the European Society for
5 660 Z. Veznik et al. Chlamydia Research, Helsinki, Finland, August 20 23, 2000: Rezacova J, Masata J, Pribylova M. Chlamydia trachomatis and its effect on male fertility. In: Chlamydial Infections: Proceedings of the Tenth International Symposium on Human Chlamydial Infections, June 16 21, Antalya, Turkey, Bollmann R, Engel S, Petzold R. Chlamydia trachomatis in andrologic patients direct and indirect detection. Infection 2001; 29: Videau P, Vivas C, Salazar N. IgA antibodies to Chlamydia trachomatis and seminal parameters in asymptomatic infertile males. Arch Androl 2001; 46: Gdoura R, Daoudi F, Bouzid F, Ben Salah F, Chaigneau C, Sueur JM et al. Detection of Chlamydia trachomatis in semen and urethral specimen from male members of infertile couples in Tunisia. Eur J Contracept Reprod Health Care 2001; 6: Veznik Z, Svecova D, Pospisil L, Diblikova I. [Direct demonstration by immunofluorescence of Chlamydiae in animal and human semen.] (In Czech.) Vet Med Czech 1996; 41: Veznik Z, Pospisil L, Svecova D, Zajicova A. Chlamydie v ejakulátech. [Chlamydia in ejaculates.] (In Czech.) Remedia Klin Mikrobiol 1998; 2: Vigil P, Morales P, Tapia A. Chlamydia trachomatis infection in male partners of infertile couples incidence and sperm function. Andrologia 2002; 34: Hosseinzadeh S, Brewis IA, Eley A, Pacey AA. Co-incubation of human spermatozoa with Chlamydia trachomatis serovar E causes premature sperm death. Hum Reprod 2001; 16: Pospisil L, Diblikova I, Veznik Z, Zraly Z, Horova J, Budikova M. Production of anti sperm antibodies associated with Chlamydia infection in rabbits. Vet Med-Czech 2000, 2002; 45: Westenberg SM, Defoer JM, Pannekoek YA. Comparison between four antichlamydial antibody assays during course of genital infection with Chlamydia trachomatis in a semen donor. In: Chlamydial Infections: Proceedings of the Tenth International Symposium on Human Chlamydial Infections, June 16 21, Antalya, Turkey: Pospisil L, Dragon J, Veznik Z, Diblikova I. [Direct and indirect demonstration of Chlamydia spp. in patients suffering from non-specific uretritis.] (In Czech.) Cs Dermat 1996; 31: Weidner W, Diemer T, Hawe P. The role of Chlamydia trachomatis in prostatitis. Int J Antimicrobiol Agents 2002; 19: Keck C, Gerber-Schafer C, Clad A, Wilhelm C, Breckwoldt M. Seminal tract infections: impact on male fertility and treatment options. Hum Reprod Update 1998; 4: Chernesky MA, Lee H, Schachter J. Diagnosis of Chlamydia trachomatis infection in symptomatic and asymptomatic men by the first void urine in ligase-chain-reaction-assay. J Infect Dis 1994; 170: Hartung RG. Nachweis von Chlamydia trachomatis im menschlichen Ejakulat mit Hilfe des Pathfinder Chlamydia EIA Detection Kits. Diss. Düsseldorf, Mainz, 1993: WHO Laboratory Manual for the Examination of Human Semen and Sperm Cervical Mucus Interaction, Chapter Cambridge University Press, 1999: Veznik Z, Matouskova O, Svecova D, Zajicova A. The use of the computer technology for the evaluation of the strict morphological sperm analysis. Vet. Med-Czech 2001; 46: Petersen EE, Clad A. Detection of asymptomatic chlamydial infections in women and men by screening of first-void urine with the ligase chain reaction (LCR). Proceedings of the Seventh International Congress for Infections Diseases, Hong Kong. 1996, Wolff H, Laser C, Meuser M. Chlamydia trachomatis antibodies in seminal plasma of infertility patients before and after antibiotic therapy. In: Stary A, ed. Chlamydial Infections: Proceedings of the Third Meeting of the European Society for Chlamydia Research, Vienna, September 11 14, 1996: Pospisil L, Pilka L, Veznik Z. [On the problem of chlamydial infections (a methodological proposal).] (In Czech.) Gynekologia 1998; 7: Address for correspondence: Zdenek Veznik Veterinary Research Institute Hudcova Brno Czech Republic veznik@vri.cz
* K.O. Ibadin, ** O. I. Enabulele, ** N. O. Eghafona, *** A. P. Osemwenkha
SEROEVIDENCE OF CHLAMYDIA TRACHOMATIS INFECTION IN INFERTILE MALE AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH SEMEN QUALITY IN UNIVERSITY OF BENIN TEACHING HOSPITAL, BENIN CITY, NIGERIA * K.O. Ibadin, ** O. I. Enabulele,
More informationUltrastructural findings in semen samples of infertile men infected with Chlamydia trachomatis and mycoplasmas
IMAGES IN REPRODUCTIVE MEDICINE Ultrastructural findings in semen samples of infertile men infected with Chlamydia trachomatis and mycoplasmas Guadalupe Gallegos-Avila, M.D., a Marta Ortega-Martınez, Ph.D.,
More informationInternational Journal of Pharma and Bio Sciences MALE GENITOURINARY TRACT INFECTIONS RELATIONSHIP WITH INFERTILITY: A BACTERIOLOGICAL STUDY.
Research Article Microbiology International Journal of Pharma and Bio Sciences ISSN 0975-6299 MALE GENITOURINARY TRACT INFECTIONS RELATIONSHIP WITH INFERTILITY: A BACTERIOLOGICAL STUDY. DR. RAHUL G. WADILE*
More informationEscherichia coli attaches to human spermatozoa: affecting sperm parameters
Available online at www.scholarsresearchlibrary.com Archives of Applied Science Research, 2011, 3 (5):618-623 (http://scholarsresearchlibrary.com/archive.html) ISSN 0975-508X CODEN (USA) AASRC9 Escherichia
More informationPart II Serology Caroline Bax BW.indd 55 Caroline Bax BW.indd : :17
Part II Serology part II Chapter 4 Comparison of serological assays for detection of Chlamydia trachomatis antibodies in different groups of obstetrical and gynaecological patients C.J. Bax J.A.E.M. Mutsaers
More informationImportance of Papanicolaou Staining for Sperm Morphologic Analysis Comparison With an Automated Sperm Quality Analyzer
Anatomic Pathology / Pap Staining for Sperm Morphologic Analysis Importance of Papanicolaou Staining for Sperm Morphologic Analysis Comparison With an Automated Sperm Quality Analyzer Smita Singh, MD,
More informationValue of detecting leukocytospermia in the diagnosis of genital tract infection in subfertile men
FERTILITY AND STERILITY VOL. 70, NO. 2, AUGUST 1998 Copyright 1998 American Society for Reproductive Medicine Published by Elsevier Science Inc. Printed on acid-free paper in U.S.A. Value of detecting
More informationThe new 5 th WHO manual semen parameter reference values do they help or hinder?
The new 5 th WHO manual semen parameter reference values do they help or hinder? Roelof Menkveld, PhD Andrology Laboratory, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Tygerberg Academic Hospital and University
More informationSPERM MOTILITY AND FERTILIZING ABILITY OF MEN WITH INFERTILITY
SPERM MOTILITY AND FERTILIZING ABILITY OF MEN WITH INFERTILITY I. Ilieva, S. Ivanova, P. Tzvetkova and Y. Gluhcheva Institute of Experimental Morphology and Anthropology with Museum,Bulgarian Academy of
More informationEFFECT OF AGE ON THE SPERM ACTIVITY, SPERM CELL VIABILITY AND TOTAL NUMBER OF SPERMATOZOA IN THE EJACULATE OF DOGS
EFFECT OF AGE ON THE SPERM ACTIVITY, SPERM CELL VIABILITY AND TOTAL NUMBER OF SPERMATOZOA IN THE EJACULATE OF DOGS Paldusová M., Hošek M., Filipčík R., Máchal L. Department of Animal Breeding, Faculty
More informationJournal of Biology, Agriculture and Healthcare ISSN (Paper) ISSN X (Online) Vol.4, No.26, 2014
Detection of Chlamydia trachomatis Immunogloblins in Seminal Plasma by Microimmunofluorescence Test and Their Effect on Semen Parameters of Infertile Males in Iraq Ali Ibrahim Ali Al-Ezzy Department of
More informationAnnals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials. Open Access RESEARCH
DOI 10.1186/s12941-017-0220-2 Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials RESEARCH Open Access Prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Mycoplasma genitalium and Ureaplasma urealyticum
More informationAssessment of Chlamydia trachomatis infection in asymptomatic male partners of infertile couples
Journal of Medical Microbiology (2004), 53, 985 990 DOI 10.1099/jmm.0.45641-0 Assessment of Chlamydia trachomatis infection in asymptomatic male partners of infertile couples Farida Hamdad-Daoudi, 1 Jacques
More informationDetection of Antisperm Antibodies in Sera of Iraqi Males and Females and Their Role in Fertilizing Capacity
Detection of Antisperm Antibodies in Sera of Iraqi Males Females Their Role in Fertilizing Capacity Muhammad-Baqir M-R. Fakhrildin Phd, Sundus Fadhil Hantoosh EL-Nahi MSc Abstract Background: Antisperm
More informationCorrelation between Leukocytospermia Detected by Cytochemical Peroxidase Staining and Chlamydia Trachomatis Infection in Iraqi infertile Males
Vol.9, 25 Correlation between Leukocytospermia Detected by Cytochemical Peroxidase Staining and Chlamydia Trachomatis Infection in Iraqi Males Ali Ibrahim Ali AL-Ezzy Department of pathology-college of
More informationThe Microimmunofluorescence Test for Chlamydia pneumoniae Infection: Technique and Interpretation
S421 The Microimmunofluorescence Test for Chlamydia pneumoniae Infection: Technique and Interpretation San-pin Wang Department of Pathobiology, University of Washington, Seattle A brief description of
More informationReversible Conditions Organising More Information semen analysis Male Infertility at Melbourne IVF Fertility Preservation
Male Infertility Understanding fertility in men Conceiving a baby depends on a number of factors, including healthy sperm. After a woman s age, this can be the biggest issue. Reproduction, although simple
More informationComputer-aided evaluation of assessment of grade a spermatozoa by experienced technicians
Computer-aided evaluation of assessment of grade a spermatozoa by experienced technicians Trevor G. Cooper, Ph.D., and Ching-Hei Yeung, Ph.D. Institute of Reproductive Medicine of the University of Münster,
More information- test also turn out normal_ A biopsy from the testicle, even of young men, usually shows a more or less pronounced
VOLUME 20, No. 3 SEPT 1979 (SUPPLEMENT 1) THE EFFECT OF TRENTAL ON SPERMIOGRAFIC PARAMETERS, A CLINICAL STUDY IN PATIENTS WITH REDUCED FERTILITY Prof. Dr. med. Hans -J. Heite, Freiburg (former Medical
More informationChlamydial infection-a female and/ or male infertility factor?
FERTILITY AND STERILITY Vol. 53, No.6, June 1990 Copyright 0 1990 The American Fertility Society Printed on acid-free paper in U.S.A. Chlamydial infection-a female and/ or male infertility factor? Waltraud
More informationChlamydia trachomatis IgG antibodies. TAT: 7-10 days, Germany. Units: U/ml
Chlamydia General: Chlamydia belong to small bacteria, they grow obligatorily intracellularly and some Chlamydia belong to sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). Transmission also occurs through animals.
More informationWAVE DYNAMYCS OF HUMAN SPERM MOTILITY
Page 1 of 14 WAVE PARAMETERS OF THE SPERM FLAGELLUM AS PREDICTORS OF HUMAN SPERMATOZOA MOTILITY Andrologia 30: 153-157, 1998 O. Vera 1, M.G. Muñoz 2 and K. Jaffe 2 1 Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias,
More informationAbnormalities of Spermatogenesis
Abnormalities of Spermatogenesis Male Factor 40% of the cause for infertility Sperm is constantly produced by the germinal epithelium of the testicle Sperm generation time 73 days Sperm production is thermoregulated
More informationInformation Sheet. Male Infertility
Infertility National Public Awareness Campaign Information Sheet Male Infertility In approximately half of couples complaining of infertility part of the problem lies with the male. Male infertility has
More informationX/01/$ DOI: /CDLI Received 6 November 2000/Returned for modification 6 February 2001/Accepted 27 February 2001
CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC LABORATORY IMMUNOLOGY, May 2001, p. 588 592 Vol. 8, No. 3 1071-412X/01/$04.00 0 DOI: 10.1128/CDLI.8.3.588 592.2001 Comparison of Two Commercial Microimmunofluorescence Kits and
More informationDetection of interleukin-8 (IL-8) in seminal plasma and elevated IL-8 in seminal plasma of infertile patients with leukospermia
6 Detection of interleukin-8 (IL-8) in seminal plasma and elevated IL-8 in seminal plasma of infertile patients with leukospermia Koichiro Shimoya, 2)Takeshi Taniguchi, Takayoshi Okada, Kaoru Yamanaka,
More informationCost-benefit analysis of first-void urine Chlamydia trachomatis screening program Paavonen J, Puolakkainen M, Paukku M, Sintonen H
Cost-benefit analysis of first-void urine Chlamydia trachomatis screening program Paavonen J, Puolakkainen M, Paukku M, Sintonen H Record Status This is a critical abstract of an economic evaluation that
More informationTestosterone Therapy-Male Infertility
Testosterone Therapy-Male Infertility Testosterone Therapy-Male Infertility Many men are prescribed testosterone for a variety of reasons. Low testosterone levels (Low T) with no symptoms, general symptoms
More informationAndrology Services at HA Past, Present and Future. W.S.B. Yeung Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology The University of Hong Kong
Andrology Services at HA Past, Present and Future W.S.B. Yeung Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology The University of Hong Kong Content How is semen analysis done? Is it useful? Past Present Future
More informationAZOOSPERMIA CYTOLOGICAL MANIFESTATIONS
ý Comptes rendus de l Académie bulgare des Sciences ÌÓÑ ÆÓ ¾¼½½ BIOLOGIE Morphologie AZOOSPERMIA CYTOLOGICAL MANIFESTATIONS Stefka Ivanova, Petia Tzvetkova (Submitted by Corresponding Member J. Jordanov
More informationAntibody binding patterns in infertile males and females as detected by immunobead test, gel-agglutination test, and sperm immobilization test
FERTILITY AND STERILITY Copyright 0 1988 The American Fertility Society Printed in U.S.A. Antibody binding patterns in infertile males and females as detected by immunobead test, gel-agglutination test,
More informationIdentification of 11 STD Pathogens in Semen Using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and Flow-through Hybridization Technology
Journal of Life Sciences 10 (2016) 91-99 doi: 10.17265/1934-7391/2016.02.005 D DAVID PUBLISHING Identification of 11 STD Pathogens in Semen Using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and Flow-through Hybridization
More informationThe length of the fertile window is associated with the chance of spontaneously conceiving an ongoing pregnancy in subfertile couples
Human Reproduction Vol.22, No.6 pp. 1652 1656, 2007 Advance Access publication on April 20, 2007 doi:10.1093/humrep/dem051 The length of the fertile window is associated with the chance of spontaneously
More informationTECHNICAL GUIDANCE FOR THE ACCREDITATION OF ANDROLOGY LABORATORIES
TECHNICAL GUIDANCE FOR THE ACCREDITATION OF ANDROLOGY LABORATORIES Approved By: Chief Executive Officer: Ron Josias Accreditation Executive: Mpho Phaloane Revised By: Medical Specialist Technical Committee
More informationMALE INFERTILITY & SEMEN ANALYSIS
MALE INFERTILITY & SEMEN ANALYSIS DISCLOSURE Relevant relationships with commercial entities none Potential for conflicts of interest within this presentation none Steps taken to review and mitigate potential
More informationAssessment of Exfoliated Prostate Cells in Semen Relationship With the Secretory Function of the Prostate
Anatomic Pathology / EXFOLIATED PROSTATE CELLS IN SEMEN Assessment of Exfoliated Prostate Cells in Semen Relationship With the Secretory Function of the Prostate Fernando Tadeu Andrade-Rocha Key Words:
More informationThe indirect mixed antiglobulin reaction test using a commercially available kit for the detection of antisperm antibodies in serum*
FERTILITY AND STERILITY Copyright 0 1988 The American Fertility Society Printed in U. S.A. The indirect mixed antiglobulin reaction test using a commercially available kit for the detection of antisperm
More informationThe 8 th International CASEE Conference Warsaw University of Life Sciences SGGW May 14-16, 2017
A The 8 th International CASEE Conference Warsaw University of Life Sciences SGGW May 14-16, 2017 Decreased sperm quality visible in routine semen analysis: loss of sperm motility morphological alterations
More informationWhat constitutes a normal seminal analysis? Semen parameters of 243 fertile men
Human Reproduction vol.13 no.12 pp.3394 3398, 1998 What constitutes a normal seminal analysis? Semen parameters of 243 fertile men S.-E.Chia 1,3, S.K.Tay 2 and S.T.Lim 2 1 Department of Community, Occupational
More informationEfficacy of treatment and recurrence rate of leukocytospermia infertile men with prostatitis*
,, ',,' -1,,,i; -; ::0 urf)~ogy-androi(jgy FERTILITY AND STERILITY Copyright 1994 The American Fertility Society VoL 62, No.3, September 1994 Printed on acid-free paper in U. S. A. Efficacy of treatment
More informationTHE EFFECT OF THE AGE OF DOGS ON THEIR EJACULATE
ACTA UNIVERSITATIS AGRICULTURAE ET SILVICULTURAE MENDELIANAE BRUNENSIS Volume LIX 6 Number 3, 2011 THE EFFECT OF THE AGE OF DOGS ON THEIR EJACULATE R. Filipčík, M. Vágenknechtová, M. Hošek, L. Jarinkovičová
More informationTHE INDICATIONS FOR, advantages and disadvantages of insemination have
Fertility as Evaluated by Artificial Insemination Sheldon Payne, M.D., and Robert F. Skeels, M.D. THE INDICATIONS FOR, advantages and disadvantages of insemination have been reviewed and presented before
More informationOriginal article. Office of Disease Prevention and Control, region 10 Chiang Mai, 2 Sanpatong Hospital, 3
Original article A retrospective study of relationship between white blood cell counts in cervical discharge and Chlamydial cervicitis among young adults: is the simple microscope an alternative method
More informationTHE SPERM-CERVICAL MUCUS CONTACT TEST: A PRELIMINARY REPORT
FERTILITY AND STERILITY Copyright" 97 The American Fertility Society Vol. 27, No.3, March 97 Printed in U.SA. THE SPERM-CERVICAL MUCUS CONTACT TEST: A PRELIMINARY REPORT JAN KREMER, M.D., AND SIEMEN JAGER,
More informationSperm Surface Antibodies: IUI vs. IVF Treatment
Research Article Sperm Surface Antibodies: IUI vs. IVF Treatment Afaf Felemban MD*, Seham M. Hassonah MD, Najla Felimban KD, Hadeel Alkhelb MD, Samar Hassan MD, Fahad Alsalman MD Department of Obstetrics
More informationReview Article Chlamydial Infection and Its Role in Male Infertility
Advances in Andrology, Article ID 307950, 11 pages http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/307950 Review Article Chlamydial Infection and Its Role in Male Infertility Mary K. Samplaski, 1 Trustin Domes, 2 and Keith
More informationThe epidemiology of Chlamydia trachomatis infection. Chlamydia trachomatis Infection in Asymptomatic Men. Background
Chlamydia trachomatis Infection in Asymptomatic Men D. Scott LaMontagne, MPH, David N. Fine, PhD, Jeanne M. Marrazzo, MD, MPH Background: Methods: Results: Conclusions: The epidemiology of Chlamydia trachomatis
More informationSemen. Dr. Mohamed Saad Daoud
Semen Dr. Mohamed Saad Daoud 1 Reference Books: Urinanalysis and body fluids (Susan King Strasinger- Marjorie Schaub De Lorenzo) Fifth edition Dr. Mohamed Saad Daoud 2 Diagram of the male genitalia Dr.
More information**Florida licensees, please note: This exercise will appear in CE Broker under the specialty of Andrology.
EDUCATIONAL COMMENTARY SEMEN ANALYSIS AND FERTILITY Commentary provided by: Henry C. Lee, CLS, MASCP, CPHQ Laboratory Manager Arrowhead Regional Medical Center Colton, CA Educational commentary is provided
More informationChlamydia Rapid Screen Test (RAP-2858) RUO in the USA. Revised 28 Jul 2006
INDICATION For the rapid detection of Chlamydia Trachomatis antigens in swab specimens. For in vitro diagnostic use only, except in the United States where it is intended for Research Use Only. SUMMARY
More informationJournal of Biology, Agriculture and Healthcare ISSN (Paper) ISSN X (Online) Vol.3, No.20, 2013
Relationship between Leukocytospermia and Sperm Count in Men Visiting Fertility Clinic of the Federal Medical Center Yenagoa Bayelsa State Nigeria. AGORO ENI-YIMINI SOLOMON (Corresponding author) DEPARTMENT
More informationLOCUS MEDICUS SA, 2012
The determination of endometrial status by testing menstruation tissue is an internationally patented clinical test (European Patent 1395670). LOCUS MEDICUS S.A., Athens, Greece is the sole clinical laboratory
More informationImmunodiagnosis of Sexually Transmitted Disease
THE YALE JOURNAL OF BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 58 (1985), 443-452 Immunodiagnosis of Sexually Transmitted Disease JULIUS SCHACHTER, Ph.D. Department oflaboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco,
More informationIntrauterine Insemination - FAQs Q. How Does Pregnancy Occur?
Published on: 8 Apr 2013 Intrauterine Insemination - FAQs Q. How Does Pregnancy Occur? A. The female reproductive system involves the uterus, ovaries, fallopian tubes, cervix and vagina. The female hormones,
More informationChlamydia Trachomatis IgA
DIAGNOSTIC AUTOMATION, INC. 23961 Craftsman Road, Suite E/F, Calabasas, CA 91302 Tel: (818) 591-3030 Fax: (818) 591-8383 onestep@rapidtest.com technicalsupport@rapidtest.com www.rapidtest.com See external
More informationAzithromycin Efficacy in the Treament of Chlamydia Trachomatis and Its Associated Factors among Male Subjects in Nnewi, Nigeria
Azithromycin Efficacy in the Treament of Chlamydia Trachomatis and Its Associated Factors among Male Subjects in Nnewi, Nigeria 1 Okwelogu Izunna Somadina, 2 Agbakoba Nneka Regina 1 Department of Parasitology
More informationDepartments of Microbiology and Immunology 1 and Pediatrics, 2 University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205
INFECTION AND IMMUNITY, Nov. 2003, p. 6148 6154 Vol. 71, No. 11 0019-9567/03/$08.00 0 DOI: 10.1128/IAI.71.11.6148 6154.2003 Copyright 2003, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved. Characterization
More informationAssociation of Chlamydia pneumoniae IgA antibodies with
Epidemiol. Infect. (1996), 117, 513-517 Copyright K 1996 Cambridge University Press Association of Chlamydia pneumoniae IgA antibodies with recently symptomatic asthma D. L. HAHN'*, T. ANTTILA AND P. SAIKKU2'3
More informationEvaluation of polyacrylamide gel as substitute for human cervical mucus in the sperm penetration test*
FERTILITY AND STERILITY Vol. 60, No.3, September 1993 Copyright 1993 The American Fertility Society Printed on acid-free paper in U. S. A. Evaluation of polyacrylamide gel as substitute for human cervical
More informationRecent Developments in Infertility Treatment
Recent Developments in Infertility Treatment John T. Queenan Jr., MD Professor, Dept. Of Ob/Gyn University of Rochester Medical Center Rochester, NY Disclosures I don t have financial interest or other
More informationStudy on semen analysis in the evaluation of male infertility in coastal Karnataka, India
International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology Ganiga P et al. Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol. 2018 Jul;7(7):2603-2607 www.ijrcog.org DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20182412
More informationHost immune response to Chlamydia pneumoniae heat shock protein 60 is associated with asthma
Eur Respir J 21; 17: 178 182 Printed in UK all rights reserved Copyright #ERS Journals Ltd 21 European Respiratory Journal ISSN 93-1936 Host immune response to Chlamydia pneumoniae heat shock protein 6
More informationChlamydia trachomatis: Methods of Identification and Impact on Semen Quality
THE EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY Vol. 16 (1), 2009 Page: 49-59 Chlamydia trachomatis: Methods of Identification and Impact on Semen Quality 1 Mohamed A EL Feky, 1 Ehsan Abdel Sabour Hassan, 2 AzzA M
More informationEffect of Endocervical Specimen Adequacy for Detection of ACCEPTED. Wyoming Public Health Laboratory, 517 Hathaway Bldg., 2300 Capitol Ave.
JCM Accepts, published online ahead of print on October 00 J. Clin. Microbiol. doi:./jcm.001-0 Copyright 00, American Society for Microbiology and/or the Listed Authors/Institutions. All Rights Reserved.
More informationHealth technology Alternative strategies of screening for Chlamydia trachomatis (C. trachomatis) infection were examined. The alternatives were:
An evaluation of economics and acceptability of screening for Chlamydia trachomatis infection, in women attending antenatal, abortion, colposcopy and family planning clinics in Scotland, UK Norman J E,
More informationEctopic pregnancy and antibodies to Chlamydia trachomatis*
FERTILITY AND STERILITY Copyright 1985 The American Fertility Society Vol. 44, No.3, Septemher 1985 Prinred in U.SA. Ectopic pregnancy and antibodies to Chlamydia trachomatis* Lars Svensson, M.D.t Per-Anders
More informationSperm donation Oocyte donation. Hong Kong þ Guideline þ þ Hungary þ þ þ þ Israel þ þ þ þ Italy þ þ þ. Germany þ þ þ þ Greece þ þ þ þ
CHAPTER 8: Donation Although there has been a reduction in the use of donor sperm because of ICSI and the impact of the removal of anonymity in some countries (1), sperm donation is still used and has
More informationSHORT COMMUNICATION. Human reproductive research programme, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria
SHORT COMMUNICATION The prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis infection among infertile males and its association with abnormal semen characteristics in Delta State, Nigeria FAVOUR OSAZUWA 1,3*, OSAMUDIAMEN
More informationA School-based Chlamydia Control Program Using DNA Amplification Technology
A School-based Chlamydia Control Program Using DNA Amplification Technology Deborah A. Cohen, MD, MPH* ; Malanda Nsuami, MD, MPH*; Roger Bedimo Etame, MD, MSc*; Susanne Tropez-Sims, MD* ; Sue Abdalian,
More informationEvaluation of Nucleic Acid Amplification Tests as Reference Tests for Chlamydia trachomatis Infections in Asymptomatic Men
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY, Dec. 2000, p. 4382 4386 Vol. 38, No. 12 0095-1137/00/$04.00 0 Copyright 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved. Evaluation of Nucleic Acid Amplification
More informationInfluence of Oxidative Stress on Functional Integrity of Human Spermatozoal Membrane.
The Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology of India, March / April 2011 pg 195-199 Original Article Influence of Oxidative Stress on Functional Integrity of Human Spermatozoal Membrane. Chaudhari Ajay 1,
More informationChlamydia trachomatis is a bacterium with a unique
Journal of Andrology, Vol. 32, No. 1, January/February 2011 Copyright E American Society of Andrology How to Detect Chlamydia trachomatis in Males? Review ADRIAN ELEY From the Department of Infection and
More informationChlamydia Trachomatis IgG ELISA Kit
Chlamydia Trachomatis IgG ELISA Kit Catalog Number KA0959 96 assays Version: 03 Intended for research use only www.abnova.com Table of Contents Introduction... 3 Intended Use... 3 Background... 3 Principle
More informationChlamydia Trachomatis IgM ELISA Kit
Chlamydia Trachomatis IgM ELISA Kit Catalog Number KA0960 96 assays Version: 03 Intended for research use only www.abnova.com Table of Contents Introduction... 3 Intended Use... 3 Background... 3 Principle
More informationBe sure! Your Power for Health. PelvoCheck CT/NG Your test kit for Chlamydia trachomatis screening and Neisseria gonorrhoeae infections
Your Power for Health Laboratory Information CT/NG DNA-Chip Be sure! Your test kit for Chlamydia trachomatis screening and Neisseria gonorrhoeae infections is part of the ocheck product line from Greiner
More informationTHE INCIDENCE OF ANTISPERM ANTmODIES IN PATIENTS WITH SEMINAL TRACT OBSTRUCTIONS
Nagoya J. Med. Sci. 59. 25-29,1996 THE INCIDENCE OF ANTISPERM ANTmODIES IN PATIENTS WITH SEMINAL TRACT OBSTRUCTIONS MASANORI YAMAMOTO, HATSUKI HIBI, and KOJI MIYAKE Department of Urology, Nagoya University
More informationCM-B 2008: Semen Analysis INTRODUCTION ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
INTRODUCTION Semen analysis is a laboratory test that is primarily used for evaluating fertility potential and for assessing success following a vasectomy procedure. The composition of semen, also known
More informationTECHNIQUES AND INSTRUMENTATION
FERTILITY AND STERILITY VOL. 78, NO. 3, SEPTEMBER 2002 Copyright 2002 American Society for Reproductive Medicine Published by Elsevier Science Inc. Printed on acid-free paper in U.S.A. TECHNIQUES AND INSTRUMENTATION
More informationMasatoshi Tanaka, Hiroshi Nakayama, Kazuyuki Sagiyama, Masashi Haraoka, Hiroshi Yoshida, Toshikatsu Hagiwara, Kohei Akazawa, Seiji Naito
350 J Clin Pathol 2000;53:350 354 Papers Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Kyushu University, 3 1 1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan M Tanaka M Haraoka S Naito Medical Informatics, Faculty of
More informationInfections with Chlamydia trachomatis, genital ureaplasmas
Journal of Andrology, Vol. 29, No. 2, March/April 2008 Copyright E American Society of Andrology Assessment of Chlamydia trachomatis, Ureaplasma urealyticum, Ureaplasma parvum, Mycoplasma hominis, and
More informationSPERM ANTIBODIES IN INFERTILE COUPLES*,t
F'ERTH.lTY AND STERn.ITY Copyright' 1971 by The Williams & Wilkins Co. Vol. 22, No.5, May 1971 Printed in U.S.A. SPERM ANTIBODIES IN INFERTILE COUPLES*,t Rum ANSBACHER, M.D., M.S.,:j:SOL MANARANG-PANGAN,
More informationThe Male Factor in Fertility and Infertility
The Male Factor in Fertility and Infertility III. An Analysis of Motile Activity in the Spermatozoa of 1000 Fertile Men and 1000 Men in Infertile Marriage John Macleod, Ph.D., and Ruth Z. Gold, M.A. IN
More informationDAFTAR PUSTAKA. 1. Rizal D.M, Mirzanli H, Suryadi E. Motilitas Spermatozoa pada. Prostatitis Bacterial Kronis.B.I Ked.vol.35,No,2.2003;
DAFTAR PUSTAKA 1. Rizal D.M, Mirzanli H, Suryadi E. Motilitas Spermatozoa pada Prostatitis Bacterial Kronis.B.I Ked.vol.35,No,2.2003;97-102. 2. Jungwirth A, Diemer T, Dohle G.R.,et al. Guidelines on Male
More informationTechnical Bulletin No. 98b
CPAL Central Pennsylvania Alliance Laboratory Technical Bulletin No. 98b Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae Dual Target PCR Assay UPDATED Specimen Requirements October 13, 2016 Contact: Susan
More informationAn economic evaluation of a school-based sexually transmitted disease screening program Wang L Y, Burstein G R, Cohen D A
An economic evaluation of a school-based sexually transmitted disease screening program Wang L Y, Burstein G R, Cohen D A Record Status This is a critical abstract of an economic evaluation that meets
More informationA randomized trial of azithromycin versus amoxicillin for the treatment of Chlamydia trachomatis in pregnancy
Infect Dis Obstet Gynecol 2001;9:197 202 A randomized trial of azithromycin versus amoxicillin for the treatment of Chlamydia trachomatis in pregnancy Jennifer Kacmar, Emily Cheh, Andrea Montagno and Jeffrey
More informationManagement of NGU (Non-gonococcal urethritis)
Management of NGU (Non-gonococcal urethritis) First line Doxycycline 100mg po bd for 7 days (contra-indicated in pregnancy) Alternative regimens Azithromycin 1G po stat Azithromycin 500mg po stat, then
More informationMale Infertility Research
Male Infertility Research Quantitative evaluation of spermatozoa ultrastructure after acupuncture treatment for idiopathic male infertility. Effect of Acupuncture on Sperm Parameters of Males Suffering
More informationCoincubation of Human Spermatozoa with Chlamydia trachomatis In Vitro Causes Increased Tyrosine Phosphorylation of Sperm Proteins
INFECTION AND IMMUNITY, Sept. 2000, p. 4872 4876 Vol. 68, No. 9 0019-9567/00/$04.00 0 Copyright 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved. Coincubation of Human Spermatozoa with Chlamydia
More informationParasitology. The genus Trichomonas
Parasitology Lecture: 2 د. هيفاء The genus Trichomonas -These are common flagellates of the tropical areas,. -They exist only in trophozoite stage. -They are pear-shaped body and measures 10-12 microns
More informationEvaluation of the Vidas Chlamydia Test To Detect and Verify Chlamydia trachomatis in Urogenital Specimens
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY, Aug. 1997, p. 2102 2106 Vol. 35, No. 8 0095-1137/97/$04.00 0 Copyright 1997, American Society for Microbiology Evaluation of the Vidas Chlamydia Test To Detect and Verify
More informationEffect of Blind Passage and Multiple Sampling on Recovery of Chlamydia trachomatis from Urogenital Specimens
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY, Dec. 1986, p. 1029-1033 0095-1137/86/121029-05$02.00/0 Copyright 1986, American Society for Microbiology Vol. 24, No. 6 Effect of Blind Passage and Multiple Sampling on
More informationTrends in Reportable Sexually Transmitted Diseases in the United States, 2007
Trends in Reportable Sexually Transmitted Diseases in the United States, 2007 National Surveillance Data for Chlamydia, Gonorrhea, and Syphilis Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) remain a major public
More informationClinical evaluation of infertility
Clinical evaluation of infertility DR. FARIBA KHANIPOUYANI OBSTETRICIAN & GYNECOLOGIST PRENATOLOGIST Definition: inability to achieve conception despite one year of frequent unprotected intercourse. Male
More informationRodriguez The Semen Analysis
RODRIGUEZ 2016 Rodriguez 2016 The Semen Analysis DISCLOSURE "Yo divulgo que no tengo relación financiera con intereses comerciales". RODRIGUEZ 2016 Question1 Fill the Blanks with the Correct Statement
More informationInfertility after acute salpingitis with special reference to Chlamydia trachomatis
FERTILITY AND STERILITY Copyright" 1983 The American Fertility Society Printed in U.SA. Infertility after acute salpingitis with special reference to Chlamydia trachomatis Lars Svensson, M.D. *t Per-Anders
More informationState Provincial Stud Farm in Tlumačov, Czech Republic 3
ACTA VET. BRNO 2013, 82: 031 035; doi:10.2754/avb201382010031 Semen quality, lipid peroxidation, and seminal plasma antioxidant status in horses with different intensities of physical exercise Helena Härtlová
More informationKey words : Chlamydia trachomatis, Tonsillitis, Rokitamycin
Key words : Chlamydia trachomatis, Tonsillitis, Rokitamycin Table 1 Distribution of the study population Table 2 Clinical details of patients with tonsillitis *LT =Lingering tonsillitis, RT = Recurrent
More informationVideoTesT-Sperm 2.1 VideoTesT-Sperm 2.1 Motility Morphology Motility Standard Method Morphology Standard Method Database
VideoTesT-Sperm 2.1 CASA is designed to equip the workplace of specialists dealing with sperm analysis. The analyzer enables experts to count the amount of spermatozoa and to estimate their motility parameters
More information