Mosquito Threats in LA County West Nile virus & Zika

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1 Mosquito Threats in LA County West Nile virus & Zika

2 The District at a Glance An independent special district formed under authority of the CA State Health and Safety Code Formed in 1952 and governed by a Board of Trustees Provide services to 35 cities within Los Angeles County and sections of unincorporated LA County Serve approximately 6.8 million residents over 1,340 square miles

3 Our Services: Integrated Vector Management (IVM) Disease Surveillance - Mosquito populations - Disease transmission Mosquito Management - Inspections & service requests - Source reduction / elimination - Treatments Outreach & Education - Community events - Elementary education - Media alerts

4 Culex Mosquito Life Cycle This is a mosquito It takes only 5 days! This is a crane fly

5 Three Invasive Aedes Mosquitoes at a Glance Asian tiger mosquito Australian backyard mosquito Yellow fever mosquito

6 Common Urban Mosquitoes Culex Mosquitoes Aedes Mosquitoes

7 Vector-borne Disease Risks Diseases of Concern: West Nile virus St. Louis Encephalitis Western Equine encephalomyelitis Transmitted by: Culex Mosquitoes Active: Dawn and Dusk Bites: birds, humans, other mammals Zika Dengue fever Chikungunya Yellow Fever Aedes Mosquitoes Active: Daytime, evenings Bites: humans and other mammals

8 How is West Nile virus spread? WNV is a bird virus spread by mosquitoes

9 West Nile Virus Risk If bitten by an infected mosquito: 3 out of 4 will have no symptoms 1 in 4 will develop symptoms: Headache High fever Extreme fatigue Muscle aches Rash Nausea No Cure, No Vaccine 1 in 150 become severely ill: Encephalitis Meningitis Paralysis Coma Death

10 WNV Infections # Cases* California District LA County *for every known case, more go undiagnosed

11 Invasive Aedes Mosquitoes Asian tiger mosquito (Aedes albopictus) Yellow fever mosquito (Aedes aegypti) Aggressive daytime biters are NOT a normal part of our fauna Require very little water to lay eggs Container breeders

12 What is Zika? An illness caused by a virus (germ) that spreads to people mostly by mosquito bites Has been mostly found in areas of Central and South America, the Caribbean, and Mexico Zika cases have been identified in south Florida Currently the largest number of Zika cases have been reported in Brazil & Puerto Rico

13 Zika Virus What is the risk in California? Zika: Transmitted primarily to people through the bite of infected Aedes mosquitoes. Can also be spread from mother to a child during pregnancy via blood/organ donations via sexual contact 362 cases of Zika in CA 87 in LA County o No indication of Zika virus in L.A. County mosquitoes

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15 About Zika Virus 80% will have no symptoms 20% will have mild illness: o Fever o Rash o Joint Pain o Conjunctivitis o Muscle pain o Headache o Guillain-Barré Syndrome o Encephalitis Most significant risk: From pregnant woman to unborn fetus

16 Zika virus infection during pregnancy Can cause microcephaly and other severe brain defects in babies The full range of potential health problems during pregnancy is still being studied The CDC recommends that pregnant women delay traveling to areas where Zika virus is found

17 Travel advisory The mosquito that spreads Zika is found in LA County People traveling to an area where Zika is found need to take precautions to prevent mosquito bites

18 CDC travel information CDC Zika Travel

19 Key Recommendations Travelers to Zika areas: Pack and use EPA-registered repellent Wear long sleeves/pants treated with permethrin Use condoms Continue using repellent (for 3 weeks) and condoms (for 6 months) after return Pregnant Women in Zika areas: Avoid travel to Zika areas If you must - use repellents, protective clothing, bed nets Do not have unprotected sex Those planning pregnancy talk to Dr.

20 Aedes Mosquitoes Life Cycle Immature mosquitoes live in water-filled containers; emerge as adults in 5-7 days Mosquito eggs laid on plant stems or sides of containers Adult Aedes are TINY!

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23 We need your help!

24 Container Breeders: o o o o o o Saucers Trash Old tires Leaf axils Buckets Bird baths/fountains ANY container that holds water Mosquito eggs Can live for years!

25 Aedes Eggs o Very tiny! o Rows Laid of along eggs laid the along edges old waterline of containers that hold water o Dry eggs remain viable for years o Place containers in full sun for 48 hours and then discard. The biggest challenge for tiger mosquito eradication

26 Urban Mosquito Habitat A Man-Made Problem

27 Even More Sources

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29 Urban Mosquito Habitat A Man-Made Problem

30 Bite prevention is key Repellant Long Sleeves Screens TIP and TOSS Containers with Water

31 How Can You Help? PREVENTION IS THE KEY TIP and TOSS containers that hold water AVOID BITES: Wear INSECT REPELLENT & keep SCREENS ON DOORS & WINDOWS REPORT MOSQUITO PROBLEMS SHARE what you have learned with your friends and family PARTNER with Vector Control, LA County Emergency Prep & Response to: KEEP ZIKA OUT!

32 CONTACT Greater Los Angeles County Vector Control District Florence Avenue, Santa Fe Springs, CA FREE INSPECTIONS & ASSISTANCE: