Male circumcision decreases
|
|
- Ronald Dixon
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Male circumcision decreases penile sensitivity Justine Schober MD University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Hamot Hospital, Erie PA Rockefeller University, New York, NY
2 Anatomy is not destiny but a little neuroanatomy helps Don Pfaff
3
4 Foreskin Function Sensation Protection
5 The Foreskin The outer epithelium has the protective function of internalizing the glans (clitoris and penis), urethral meatus (in the male) and the inner preputial epithelium, thus decreasing external irritation or contamination The prepuce is a specialized, junctional mucocutaneous tissue which marks the boundary between mucosa and skin; it is similar to the eyelids, labia minora, anus and lips The male prepuce also provides adequate mucosa and skin to cover the entire penis during erection The unique innervation of the prepuce establishes its function as an erogenous tissue Winkelmann Proc Mayo Clin 1959;
6 Silver Staining for Innervation
7 Penile Sensation
8 Attributes of Sensation Some of these may be changed with circumcision Quality----- Meissner's corpuscles which record touch sensation Krause end-bulbs respond to thermal stimuli Pacinian corpuscles which respond to changes in tension and pressure Genital corpuscles which respond to friction Quantity----Intensity Duration Extensivity******
9
10 Quantity (Extensivity) is Changed in Circumcision The extensivity of sensation varies with the extensivity of its objects or the sense organ stimulated. As an example, a hand dipped into warm water up to the elbow produces a more extensive heat sensation than is done by the finger-tip dipped into it.
11
12 Foreskin Innervation Various receptor types sense changes in temperature, position, pressure, pain, light touch, itch, burning and pleasurable sexual sensations Free nerve endings were identified in the papillary dermis visualized as thin fibers, mostly varicose, with either branched or single processes, either straight or bent. Two types of sensory corpuscle were identified: capsulated and non-capsulated. Meissner-like corpuscles were located in the papillary dermis. Capsulated corpuscles resembled typical Pacinian corpuscles, comprising a single central axon surrounded by non-neural periaxonic cells and lamellae.
13 Epithelial-Neuronal Interactions Quality and Quantity of the epithelium related to temperature, inflammation and hormonal status can change sensory capabilities for: Friction Pressure stimulation Stretching *For both spinal cord and the vagal pathways
14 Innervation for Sexual Arousal A circuit or feedback loop As arousal increases, genital sensitivity to stimuli increases Multiple avenues to arousal through stimulation of different sites that overlap Convergence- cutaneous stimulation from receptive fields of corresponding areas of pressure sensitive interneurons come together onto spinal interneurons Overlap of dermatomesincrease in responsiveness as a stimulus is moved from the periphery to the center of the field Summation effects-stimuli covering smaller areas might evoke only weak reflexes, whereas stimuli over a larger area could evoke a stronger reflex Pfaff Estrogens and Brain Function Springer -Verlag1980
15 Terminal Innervation for Sensation
16 Sensation is a bit like an electrical circuit
17 Sexual Arousal Begins at the Epithelium - It is Dependent on the Epithelium (Quantity) and Terminal Innervation (Quality) Influences on this tissue that change sexual sensation: Skin temperature Hormonal environment Mechanical compliance of the tissue Inflammation Transmitters, Neuropeptides Martin Alguacil, J Urol 2006
18 Study of Belgian Men using SAGASFM The analysis sample consisted of 1059 uncircumcised and 310 circumcised men. For the glans penis, circumcised men reported decreased sexual pleasure and lower orgasm intensity. They also stated more effort was required to achieve orgasm, and a higher percentage of them experienced unusual sensations (burning, prickling, itching, or tingling and numbness of the glans penis). For the penile shaft a higher percentage of circumcised men described discomfort and pain, numbness and unusual sensations. In comparison to men circumcised before puberty, men circumcised during adolescence or later indicated less sexual pleasure at the glans penis, and a higher percentage of them reported discomfort or pain and unusual sensations at the penile shaft.
19 sexual pleasure response means orgasm intensity response means ease of orgasm response means
20 Comparison of Uncircumcised and Circumcised Men
21 Circumcised Men- Site Stimulation Glans Penis Significantly less sexual pleasure from stimulation than men in uncircumcised group at: dorsal side of the glans (P 0.001) lateral side of the glans (P 0.001) ventral sides of the glans (P = 0.02) Orgasm was less intense than men in uncircumcised group from stimulation: dorsal side (P = 0.006) lateral sides (P = 0.02) More effort exerted in achieving orgasm at the lateral sides (P = 0.04). Furthermore, a larger percentage of men in this group reported numbness at the dorsal, lateral, and ventral sides (all P 0.001), as well as unusual sensations (burning, prickling, itching, or tingling) at the lateral sides (P = 0.02) and at the ventral side (P = 0.003) of the glans
22 Circumcised Men- Site Stimulation, Penile Shaft A higher percentage of circumcised men reported discomfort or pain at the dorsal, lateral, and ventral sides (all P 0.001) Higher orgasm intensity was found in circumcised men at the ventral side (P = 0.009) A higher percentage of circumcised men reported numbness at: the dorsal (P = 0.04) lateral (P 0.001) ventral sides (P = 0.003) As well as unusual sensations at the dorsal (P = 0.04), lateral (P = 0.005), and ventral sides (P 0.001). The intensity of the unusual sensations at the dorsal side (P = 0.04) of the penile shaft was significantly higher for the circumcised men
23 Absolute Circumcision Outcomes for Sensation? The only reliable way to evaluate the influence of circumcision on genital sensitivity and sexual function is to address the same person before and after adult circumcision
24 Comparison of Men Circumcised Before Puberty to Men Circumcised During Adolescence or in Adulthood
25 Comparison of Men Circumcised Before Puberty to Men Circumcised During Adolescence or in Adulthood
26 Why Might This Be True? Sexual arousal is based on anatomical, neural, hormonal, and genetic elements, and is also influenced by effects of culture and of contexts that are specific to each individual. Penile sensory activation is similar in all male vertebrates and is based on somatosensory information from the foreskin, glans, and urethra. The strongest somatosensory contribution to male (penile) sensitivity is mediated through the dorsal penile nerve. The glans and foreskin are densely innervated by the terminal branches of the dorsal penile nerve, terminal innervation from these structures provides the primary source of sensory information to the CNS for the induction of sexual reflexes/arousal Research on both animals and humans support this theory. Animals show impaired erectile and ejaculatory function after desensitization of the glans. The area of the preputium ridged band is considered the most sensitive part of the human penis. Removal of the Foreskin changes the quality and quantity of sensory input to the CNS
27 Amputation of Terminal Nerves Reinnervation Nerve regeneration Axonal sprouting Cortical remapping
28
29 After Terminal Nerve Amputation
30 After Amputation of Terminal Nerves Axons distal to the lesion are disconnected from the neuronal body and degenerate, leading to denervation of the peripheral organs Wallerian degeneration creates a microenvironment distal to the injury site that supports axonal regrowth, while the neuron body changes in phenotype to promote axonal regeneration. The significance of axonal regeneration is to replace the degenerated distal nerve segment, and achieve reinnervation of target organs and restitution of their functions. However, axonal regeneration does not always allows for adequate functional recovery, so that after a peripheral nerve injury, patients do not recover normal motor control and fine sensibility. The lack of specificity of nerve regeneration, in terms of motor and sensory axons regrowth, pathfinding and target reinnervation, is one the main shortcomings for recovery Allodi Prog Neurobiol. 2012
31 What Happens After The Foreskin Is Cut Off Neuroplasticity! Cellular Mechanisms: Changes in synaptic strength Structural changes like synaptogenesis and axon sprouting Cortical reorganization: Remapping after the injury
32 sexual pleasure response means orgasm intensity response means ease of orgasm response means
33 Conclusion Circumcision decreases penile sensitivity For the glans penis, circumcised men reported decreased sexual pleasure and lower orgasm intensity. They also stated more effort was required to achieve orgasm and a higher percentage of them experienced unusual sensations and numbness. For the penile shaft a higher percentage of circumcised men described discomfort, pain, numbness and unusual sensations. In comparison to men circumcised before puberty, men circumcised in adolescence or later indicated less sexual pleasure at the glans penis, and a higher percentage reported discomfort, pain and unusual sensations at the penile shaft.
34 More Fuss per Square Centimeter Than Anything Chris Woodhouse
ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY OF THE INTACT PENIS
ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY OF THE INTACT PENIS Contains diagrams and photographs of penile anatomy for educational purposes only. THE INTACT PENIS: NOT JUST A FLAP OF SKIN The foreskin is not a flap of skin,
More informationSomatosensation. Recording somatosensory responses. Receptive field response to pressure
Somatosensation Mechanoreceptors that respond to touch/pressure on the surface of the body. Sensory nerve responds propotional to pressure 4 types of mechanoreceptors: Meissner corpuscles & Merkel discs
More informationSomatic Sensory System I. Background
Somatic Sensory System I. Background A. Differences between somatic senses and other senses 1. Receptors are distributed throughout the body as opposed to being concentrated at small, specialized locations
More informationHuman Sexuality - Ch. 2 Sexual Anatomy (Hock)
Human Sexuality - Ch. 2 Sexual Anatomy (Hock) penis penile glans corona frenulum penile shaft erection foreskin circumcision corpora cavernosa corpus spongiosum urethra scrotum spermatic cords testicles
More informationSkin types: hairy and glabrous (e.g. back vs. palm of hand)
Lecture 19 revised 03/10 The Somatic Sensory System Skin- the largest sensory organ we have Also protects from evaporation, infection. Skin types: hairy and glabrous (e.g. back vs. palm of hand) 2 major
More informationNervous tissue. Lab. 7
Nervous tissue Lab. 7 Nervous tissue :- is responsible for transport nervous impulse (motor and sensory impulse), and it is formed by network more than 100 million nerve cell (neurons), nerve fiber and
More informationCHAPTER 10 THE SOMATOSENSORY SYSTEM
CHAPTER 10 THE SOMATOSENSORY SYSTEM 10.1. SOMATOSENSORY MODALITIES "Somatosensory" is really a catch-all term to designate senses other than vision, hearing, balance, taste and smell. Receptors that could
More informationSexual Anatomy. Monday, 30 March 2009
Sexual Anatomy 1 2 3 Fallopian Tube Ovary Uterus Bladder Cervix Pubic bone Clitoris Urethra Rectum Vagina Anus G Spot 4 Variety of Vulvae 5 Bladder Corpus Cavernosum Rectum Seminal Vesicle Prostate Glans
More informationFriday, 11 January 13. Sexual Anatomy
Friday, 11 January 13 Sexual Anatomy Friday, 11 January 13 Friday, 11 January 13 Friday, 11 January 13 Friday, 11 January 13 Fallopian Tube Ovary Uterus Bladder Cervix Pubic bone Clitoris Urethra Rectum
More informationIII: To define the mechanoreceptive and thermoreceptive sensations.
Somatic Sensations I: To explain the proper way of sensory testing. II: To describe the somatic sensations. III: To define the mechanoreceptive and thermoreceptive sensations. SOMATIC SENSATIONS Somatic
More informationMechanosensation. Central Representation of Touch. Wilder Penfield. Somatotopic Organization
Mechanosensation Central Representation of Touch Touch and tactile exploration Vibration and pressure sensations; important for clinical testing Limb position sense John H. Martin, Ph.D. Center for Neurobiology
More informationThe Somatosensory System
The Somatosensory System Reading: BCP Chapter 12 cerebrovortex.com Divisions of the Somatosensory System Somatosensory System Exteroceptive External stimuli Proprioceptive Body position Interoceptive Body
More informationChapter 16: Sensory, Motor, and Integrative Systems. Copyright 2009, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Chapter 16: Sensory, Motor, and Integrative Systems Sensation n Conscious and subconscious awareness of changes in the external or internal environment. n Components of sensation: Stimulation of the sensory
More informationThe Nervous System SBI4U
SBI4U The Nervous System Central Nervous System (CNS): consists of the brain and spinal cord Acts as the coordinating centre for incoming and outgoing information Peripheral Nervous System (PNS): consists
More informationBiology 218 Human Anatomy
Chapter 21 Adapted form Tortora 10 th ed. LECTURE OUTLINE A. Overview of Sensations (p. 652) 1. Sensation is the conscious or subconscious awareness of external or internal stimuli. 2. For a sensation
More informationSensory information processing, somato-sensory systems
mm? Sensory information processing, somato-sensory systems Recommended literature 1. Kandel ER, Schwartz JH, Jessel TM (2000) Principles of Neural Science, McGraw-Hill, Ch. xx. 2. Berne EM, Levy MN, Koeppen
More informationSomatosensory modalities!
Somatosensory modalities! The somatosensory system codes five major sensory modalities:! 1. Discriminative touch! 2. Proprioception (body position and motion)! 3. Nociception (pain and itch)! 4. Temperature!
More informationChapter 13 PNS and reflex activity
Chapter 13 PNS and reflex activity I. Peripheral nervous system A. PNS links CNS to the body B. Sensory: the afferent division C. Motor: the efferent division D. Ganglia: collections of cell bodies in
More informationPhysiology of Tactile Sensation
Physiology of Tactile Sensation Objectives: 1. Describe the general structural features of tactile sensory receptors how are first order nerve fibers specialized to receive tactile stimuli? 2. Understand
More informationAnatomical Substrates of Somatic Sensation
Anatomical Substrates of Somatic Sensation John H. Martin, Ph.D. Center for Neurobiology & Behavior Columbia University CPS The 2 principal somatic sensory systems: 1) Dorsal column-medial lemniscal system
More informationThe Physiology of the Senses Chapter 8 - Muscle Sense
The Physiology of the Senses Chapter 8 - Muscle Sense www.tutis.ca/senses/ Contents Objectives... 1 Introduction... 2 Muscle Spindles and Golgi Tendon Organs... 3 Gamma Drive... 5 Three Spinal Reflexes...
More informationSensory coding and somatosensory system
Sensory coding and somatosensory system Sensation and perception Perception is the internal construction of sensation. Perception depends on the individual experience. Three common steps in all senses
More informationFEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM UTERUS (made up of muscular walls, a lining called the endometrium, and a cervix. The uterus is also called womb ) houses and protects embryo/fetus/baby allows nutrient & waste
More informationSomatosensory System. Steven McLoon Department of Neuroscience University of Minnesota
Somatosensory System Steven McLoon Department of Neuroscience University of Minnesota 1 Course News Dr. Riedl s review session this week: Tuesday (Oct 10) 4-5pm in MCB 3-146B 2 Sensory Systems Sensory
More informationSkin human skin. cold, touch, pressure, vibration, and tissue injury
Skin human skin multiple layers of ectodermal tissue hairy and glabrous skin, glabrous skin is hairless. It is found on fingers, palmar surfaces of hands, soles of feet, lips, labia minora and penis Functions:
More informationSENSORY NERVOUS SYSTEM & SENSORY RECEPTORS. Dr. Ayisha Qureshi Professor MBBS, MPhil
SENSORY NERVOUS SYSTEM & SENSORY RECEPTORS Dr. Ayisha Qureshi Professor MBBS, MPhil Sensory Deprivation Tank Is the world really as we perceive it? Is the world really as we perceive it? NO. The world
More informationChapter 7. The Nervous System: Structure and Control of Movement
Chapter 7 The Nervous System: Structure and Control of Movement Objectives Discuss the general organization of the nervous system Describe the structure & function of a nerve Draw and label the pathways
More informationChapter 7. Objectives
Chapter 7 The Nervous System: Structure and Control of Movement Objectives Discuss the general organization of the nervous system Describe the structure & function of a nerve Draw and label the pathways
More informationCollin County Community College. BIOL 2401 : Anatomy/ Physiology PNS
Collin County Community College BIOL 2401 : Anatomy/ Physiology PNS Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) PNS all neural structures outside the brain and spinal cord Includes sensory receptors, peripheral nerves,
More informationCoding of Sensory Information
Coding of Sensory Information 22 November, 2016 Touqeer Ahmed PhD Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences National University of Sciences and Technology Sensory Systems Mediate Four Attributes of
More informationراما ندى أسامة الخضر. Faisal Muhammad
22 راما ندى أسامة الخضر Faisal Muhammad Revision Last time we started talking about sensory receptors, we defined them and talked about the mechanism of their reaction. Now we will talk about sensory receptors,
More informationBiological Psychology
Unit 3a Defini,ons Biological Psychology = a branch of psychology concerned with the links between biology and behavior. Some biological psychologists call themselves behavioral neuroscientists, neuropsychologists,
More informationBASICS OF NEUROBIOLOGY NERVE ENDINGS ZSOLT LIPOSITS
BASICS OF NEUROBIOLOGY NERVE ENDINGS ZSOLT LIPOSITS 1 11. előadás. Prof. Liposits Zsolt NERVE ENDINGS I. Effectors and receptors 2 NERVE ENDINGS NEURONS COMMUNICATE WITH NON-NEURONAL ELEMENTS VIA SPECIALIZED
More informationANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY ONLINE COURSE - SESSION 7 THE NERVOUS SYSTEM
ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY ONLINE COURSE - SESSION 7 THE NERVOUS SYSTEM Introduction The nervous system is the major controlling, regulatory, and communicating system in the body. It is the center of all mental
More informationBi/CNS/NB 150: Neuroscience. November 11, 2015 SOMATOSENSORY SYSTEM. Ralph Adolphs
Bi/CNS/NB 150: Neuroscience November 11, 2015 SOMATOSENSORY SYSTEM Ralph Adolphs 1 Menu for today Touch -peripheral -central -plasticity Pain 2 Sherrington (1948): senses classified as --teloreceptive
More informationChapter 13 & 14 The Peripheral Nervous System & the Autonomic Nervous System. Nervous System Organization
Chapter 13 & 14 The Peripheral Nervous System & the Autonomic Nervous System 49 slides 1 Nervous System Organization Figure 13.1 Place of the PNS in the structural organization of the nervous system. 2
More informationNervous System. Master controlling and communicating system of the body. Secrete chemicals called neurotransmitters
Nervous System Master controlling and communicating system of the body Interacts with the endocrine system to control and coordinate the body s responses to changes in its environment, as well as growth,
More informationThe How of Tactile Sensation
The How of Tactile Sensation http://neuroscience.uth.tmc.edu/s2/chapter02.html Chris Cohan, Ph.D. Dept. of Pathology/Anat Sci University at Buffalo Objectives 1. Understand how sensory stimuli are encoded
More informationChapter 15! Chapter 15 Sensory Pathways, Somatic Nervous System! Neural Integration I: Sensory Pathways and the Somatic Nervous System!
Chapter 15! Neural Integration I: Sensory Pathways and the SECTION 15-2! Sensory receptors connect our internal and external environments with the nervous system! 2 Sensation and Receptors! Transduction!
More informationChapter 17 Nervous System
Chapter 17 Nervous System 1 The Nervous System Two Anatomical Divisions Central Nervous System (CNS) Brain and Spinal Cord Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) Two Types of Cells Neurons Transmit nerve impulses
More informationEE 791 Lecture 2 Jan 19, 2015
EE 791 Lecture 2 Jan 19, 2015 Action Potential Conduction And Neural Organization EE 791-Lecture 2 1 Core-conductor model: In the core-conductor model we approximate an axon or a segment of a dendrite
More informationSomatic Sensation (MCB160 Lecture by Mu-ming Poo, Friday March 9, 2007)
Somatic Sensation (MCB160 Lecture by Mu-ming Poo, Friday March 9, 2007) Introduction Adrian s work on sensory coding Spinal cord and dorsal root ganglia Four somatic sense modalities Touch Mechanoreceptors
More informationThere Are 5 Different Types Of Sensory Receptors* *Note: Not all are touch (somatic) receptors.
1 First, a bit of information relating to receptors: From sensory organ to sensory organ, receptors work in fundamentally the same way A receptor is always the dendrite of a sensory neuron or a specialized
More informationFundamentals of the Nervous System and Nervous Tissue. Nervous System. Basic Divisions of the Nervous System C H A P T E R 12.
C H A P T E R 12 Fundamentals of the Nervous System and Nervous Tissue Nervous System Sensory input Integration Motor output Figure 12.1 Basic Divisions of the Nervous System Brain CNS Spinal cord Nerves
More informationNERVOUS TISSUE. 1. Functional units of the nervous system; receive, process, store and transmit information to other neurons, muscle cells or glands.
NERVOUS TISSUE LEARNING OBJECTIVES 1. Characterize and contrast the structure of neuronal cell bodies, dendrites and axons 2. List the classification of synapses and identify the basic structures of a
More informationANAT2010. Concepts of Neuroanatomy (II) S2 2018
ANAT2010 Concepts of Neuroanatomy (II) S2 2018 Table of Contents Lecture 13: Pain and perception... 3 Lecture 14: Sensory systems and visual pathways... 11 Lecture 15: Techniques in Neuroanatomy I in vivo
More informationANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY OF NEURONS. AP Biology Chapter 48
ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY OF NEURONS AP Biology Chapter 48 Objectives Describe the different types of neurons Describe the structure and function of dendrites, axons, a synapse, types of ion channels, and
More informationChapter 11 Introduction to the Nervous System and Nervous Tissue Chapter Outline
Chapter 11 Introduction to the Nervous System and Nervous Tissue Chapter Outline Module 11.1 Overview of the Nervous System (Figures 11.1-11.3) A. The nervous system controls our perception and experience
More informationNeural Integration I: Sensory Pathways and the Somatic Nervous System
15 Neural Integration I: Sensory Pathways and the Somatic Nervous System PowerPoint Lecture Presentations prepared by Jason LaPres Lone Star College North Harris An Introduction to Sensory Pathways and
More informationHuman Anatomy - Problem Drill 11: The Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves
Human Anatomy - Problem Drill 11: The Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves Question No. 1 of 10 Instructions: (1) Read the problem statement and answer choices carefully, (2) Work the problems on paper as needed,
More informationChapter Six Review Sections 1 and 2
NAME PER DATE Chapter Six Review Sections 1 and 2 Matching: 1. afferent nerves 2. autonomic nervous system 3. cell body 4. central nervous system (CNS) 5. dendrites 6. efferent nerves 7. myelin sheath
More informationDepartment of Neurology/Division of Anatomical Sciences
Spinal Cord I Lecture Outline and Objectives CNS/Head and Neck Sequence TOPIC: FACULTY: THE SPINAL CORD AND SPINAL NERVES, Part I Department of Neurology/Division of Anatomical Sciences LECTURE: Monday,
More informationNervous Tissue Nervous tissue is the term for groups of organized cells in the nervous system, which is the organ system that controls the body s
Nervous Tissue Nervous tissue is the term for groups of organized cells in the nervous system, which is the organ system that controls the body s movements, sends and carries signals to and from the different
More information35-2 The Nervous System Slide 1 of 38
1 of 38 35-2 The Nervous System The nervous system controls and coordinates functions throughout the body and responds to internal and external stimuli. 2 of 38 Neurons Neurons The messages carried by
More informationCh. 47 Somatic Sensations: Tactile and Position Senses (Reading Homework) - Somatic senses: three types (1) Mechanoreceptive somatic senses: tactile
Ch. 47 Somatic Sensations: Tactile and Position Senses (Reading Homework) - Somatic senses: three types (1) Mechanoreceptive somatic senses: tactile and position sensations (2) Thermoreceptive senses:
More information- production of two types of gametes -- fused at fertilization to form zygote
Male reproductive system I. Sexual reproduction -- overview - production of two types of gametes -- fused at fertilization to form zygote - promotes genetic variety among members of a species -- each offspring
More informationHow strong is it? What is it? Where is it? What must sensory systems encode? 9/8/2010. Spatial Coding: Receptive Fields and Tactile Discrimination
Spatial Coding: Receptive Fields and Tactile Discrimination What must sensory systems encode? How strong is it? What is it? Where is it? When the brain wants to keep certain types of information distinct,
More informationSpatial Coding: Receptive Fields and Tactile Discrimination
Spatial Coding: Receptive Fields and Tactile Discrimination What must sensory systems encode? How strong is it? What is it? Where is it? When the brain wants to keep certain types of information distinct,
More informationPain and Temperature Objectives
Pain and Temperature Objectives 1. Describe the types of sensory receptors that transmit pain and temperature. 2. Understand how axon diameter relates to transmission of pain and temp information. 3. Describe
More informationHUMAN MOTOR CONTROL. Emmanuel Guigon
HUMAN MOTOR CONTROL Emmanuel Guigon Institut des Systèmes Intelligents et de Robotique Université Pierre et Marie Curie CNRS / UMR 7222 Paris, France emmanuel.guigon@upmc.fr e.guigon.free.fr/teaching.html
More informationHole s Human Anatomy and Physiology Tenth Edition. Chapter 10
PowerPoint Lecture Outlines to accompany Hole s Human Anatomy and Physiology Tenth Edition Shier Butler Lewis Chapter 10 Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or
More informationNervous System and Senses Objectives
LEARNING TARGETS The nervous system maintains body homeostasis through sensation, interpretation, response and activity. Nerve cells send electrical signals for communication. Reflexes help protect our
More informationBiomechanics. and Functional Anatomy. of Human Male Genitalia. For designers and creators of biomimetic androids, dolls and robots
Biomechanics and Functional Anatomy of Human Male Genitalia For designers and creators of biomimetic androids, dolls and robots The Penis The shaft or body of the penis is formed principally by a fused
More informationSTRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF THE FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
Unit 7B STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF THE FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM LEARNING OBJECTIVES 1. Learn the structures of the female reproductive tract. 2. Learn the functions of the female reproductive tract. 3.
More informationTouch. Lecture Notes 10/3 -Brenna
Lecture Notes 10/3 -Brenna Touch Cutaneous Sense Somatosenses o Cutaneous sense (touch) o Kinesthesia, proprioception: joint and muscle stretch information, giving body position (proprioception) and dynamics
More informationThe Nervous System. Nerves, nerves everywhere!
The Nervous System Nerves, nerves everywhere! Purpose of the Nervous System The information intake and response system of the body. Coordinates all body functions, voluntary and involuntary! Responds to
More informationUnit VIII Problem 1 Physiology: Sensory Pathway
Unit VIII Problem 1 Physiology: Sensory Pathway - Process of sensation: Sensory receptors: they are specialized cells considered as biologic signal transducers which can detect stimuli and convert them
More informationCOGS 107B Week 1. Hyun Ji Friday 4:00-4:50pm
COGS 107B Week 1 Hyun Ji Friday 4:00-4:50pm Before We Begin... Hyun Ji 4th year Cognitive Behavioral Neuroscience Email: hji@ucsd.edu In subject, always add [COGS107B] Office hours: Wednesdays, 3-4pm in
More informationReproductive System. Where it all begins
Reproductive System Where it all begins When it comes the reproductive anatomy of my gender, I would rate my knowledge (1 very poor, 10 excellent) When it comes the reproductive anatomy of the opposite
More informationPSY 310: Sensory and Perceptual Processes 1
Touch PSY 310 Greg Francis Lecture 34 Why can t you tickle yourself? Touch receptors Last time we talked about the mechanoreceptors involved touch perception It is important to remember that touch is a
More informationHEAD AND NECK PART 2
HEAD AND NECK PART 2 INTEGRATED CURRICULUM = Integrate Basic Science and Clinical Training 1- ENT PATIENT EXAM IN ICS COURSE - Today and next week - Review/Preview Anatomy underlying ENT exam 2- NEUROANATOMY/NEUROLOGY
More informationChapter 14: The Cutaneous Senses
Chapter 14: The Cutaneous Senses Somatosensory System There are three parts Cutaneous senses - perception of touch and pain from stimulation of the skin Proprioception - ability to sense position of the
More informationTouch PSY 310 Greg Francis. Lecture 34. Touch receptors
Touch PSY 310 Greg Francis Lecture 34 Why can t you tickle yourself? Touch receptors Last time we talked about the mechanoreceptors involved touch perception It is important to remember that touch is a
More informationBIOH111. o Cell Module o Tissue Module o Integumentary system o Skeletal system o Muscle system o Nervous system o Endocrine system
BIOH111 o Cell Module o Tissue Module o Integumentary system o Skeletal system o Muscle system o Nervous system o Endocrine system Endeavour College of Natural Health endeavour.edu.au 1 Textbook and required/recommended
More informationOVERVIEW. Today. Sensory and Motor Neurons. Thursday. Parkinsons Disease. Administra7on. Exam One Bonus Points Slides Online
OVERVIEW Today Sensory and Motor Neurons Thursday Parkinsons Disease Administra7on Exam One Bonus Points Slides Online 7 major descending motor control pathways from Cerebral Cortex or Brainstem
More informationEM: myelin sheath shows a series of concentrically arranged lamellae
EM: myelin sheath shows a series of concentrically arranged lamellae ---- how to form myelin sheath? Schwann cell invagination and envelop the axon form mesaxon mesaxon become longer and longer winding
More informationChapter 34 The Nervous System:
Chapter 34 The Nervous System: 3.5 Learning Objectives 3.5.3 Responses in the human 1. The nervous system: two-part division into the CNS and the PNS. 2. Neurons, name 3 types, give structure and function
More informationHuman Anatomy. Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves
Human Anatomy Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves 1 The Spinal Cord Link between the brain and the body. Exhibits some functional independence from the brain. The spinal cord and spinal nerves serve two functions:
More informationMotor systems.... the only thing mankind can do is to move things... whether whispering or felling a forest. C. Sherrington
Motor systems... the only thing mankind can do is to move things... whether whispering or felling a forest. C. Sherrington 1 Descending pathways: CS corticospinal; TS tectospinal; RS reticulospinal; VS
More informationSOMATIC SENSATION PART I: ALS ANTEROLATERAL SYSTEM (or SPINOTHALAMIC SYSTEM) FOR PAIN AND TEMPERATURE
Dental Neuroanatomy Thursday, February 3, 2011 Suzanne S. Stensaas, PhD SOMATIC SENSATION PART I: ALS ANTEROLATERAL SYSTEM (or SPINOTHALAMIC SYSTEM) FOR PAIN AND TEMPERATURE Reading: Waxman 26 th ed, :
More informationNervous System: Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves (Chapter 13)
Nervous System: Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves (Chapter 13) Lecture Materials for Amy Warenda Czura, Ph.D. Suffolk County Community College Eastern Campus Primary Sources for figures and content: Marieb,
More informationOverview of Questions
Overview of Questions What are the sensors in the skin, what do they respond to and how is this transmitted to the brain? How does the brain represent touch information? What is the system for sensing
More informationMale Reproductive System. Dr Maan Al-Abbasi PhD, MSc, MBChB, MD
Male Reproductive System Dr Maan Al-Abbasi PhD, MSc, MBChB, MD Learning Objectives 1. Describe the General Anatomy of the Male Reproductive System 2. Identify the structures that are related to the prostate.
More informationThe Nervous System 12/11/2015
The Nervous System Biology 12 Unit 3: Homeostasis December 11, 2015 The nervous system is an elaborate communication system that contains more than 100 billion nerve cells in the brain alone There are
More informationDR SHRENIK M SHAH SHREY HOSPITAL AHMEDABAD
DR SHRENIK M SHAH SHREY HOSPITAL AHMEDABAD Surgical anatomy Physiology of healing Classification Pre-operative evaluation OVERVIEW Ultrastructure of the nerve Fragile handle with care Damaged by pressure,
More informationNervous system. The main regulation mechanism of organism's functions
Nervous system The main regulation mechanism of organism's functions Questions Neuron The reflex arc The nervous centers Properties of the nervous centers The general principles of coordination Inhibition
More informationThe Motor Systems. What s the motor system? Plan
The Motor Systems What s the motor system? Parts of CNS and PNS specialized for control of limb, trunk, and eye movements Also holds us together From simple reflexes (knee jerk) to voluntary movements
More informationPathways of proprioception
The Autonomic Nervous Assess Prof. Fawzia Al-Rouq Department of Physiology College of Medicine King Saud University Pathways of proprioception System posterior column& Spinocerebellar Pathways https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pmeropok6v8
More informationHuman Anatomy and Physiology - Problem Drill 11: Neural Tissue & The Nervous System
Human Anatomy and Physiology - Problem Drill 11: Neural Tissue & The Nervous System Question No. 1 of 10 The human body contains different types of tissue. The tissue is formed into organs and organ systems.
More informationLesson 14. The Nervous System. Introduction to Life Processes - SCI 102 1
Lesson 14 The Nervous System Introduction to Life Processes - SCI 102 1 Structures and Functions of Nerve Cells The nervous system has two principal cell types: Neurons (nerve cells) Glia The functions
More informationClass 11: Touch, Smell and Taste PSY 302 Lecture Notes October 3, 2017
Katie Cutaneous (skin) Senses: Somatosenses: Class 11: Touch, Smell and Taste PSY 302 Lecture Notes October 3, 2017 Cutaneous senses (touch) Kinesthesia, proprioception: joint and muscle stretch information,
More informationNervous system part 1. Danil Hammoudi.MD
Nervous system part 1 Danil Hammoudi.MD The central nervous system (CNS) is formed by : the brain spinal cord. These elements are enclosed within the skull and spinal vertebral canal. They are covered
More informationLesson 33. Objectives: References: Chapter 16: Reading for Next Lesson: Chapter 16:
Lesson 33 Lesson Outline: Nervous System Structure and Function Neuronal Tissue Supporting Cells Neurons Nerves Functional Classification of Neuronal Tissue Organization of the Nervous System Peripheral
More information1. Tactile sensibility. Use a wisp of cotton-wool or a fine camel-fir brush. If it is desired to test the sensibility or the skin to light touch over
SENSORY EXAMINATION 1. Tactile sensibility. Use a wisp of cotton-wool or a fine camel-fir brush. If it is desired to test the sensibility or the skin to light touch over a hairy part, it is essential to
More informationThe Nervous System PART A
7 The Nervous System PART A PowerPoint Lecture Slide Presentation by Jerry L. Cook, Sam Houston University ESSENTIALS OF HUMAN ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY EIGHTH EDITION ELAINE N. MARIEB Structural Classification
More informationNervous Tissue and Nervous System. Zhong Jinjie
Nervous Tissue and Nervous System Zhong Jinjie 0017152@zju.edu.cn Nervous System Central nervous system Brain Spinal cord Peripheral nervous system Ganglia Nerves Nerve endings In the histological slide
More informationParts of the Brain. Hindbrain. Controls autonomic functions Breathing, Heartbeat, Blood pressure, Swallowing, Vomiting, etc. Upper part of hindbrain
Parts of the Brain The human brain is made up of three main parts: 1) Hindbrain (or brainstem) Which is made up of: Myelencephalon Metencephalon 2) Midbrain Which is made up of: Mesencephalon 3) Forebrain
More information12 Anatomy and Physiology of Peripheral Nerves
12 Anatomy and Physiology of Peripheral Nerves Introduction Anatomy Classification of Peripheral Nerves Sensory Nerves Motor Nerves Pathologies of Nerves Focal Injuries Regeneration of Injured Nerves Signs
More informationTHE NERVOUS SYSTEM III
THE NERVOUS SYSTEM III Small Review Review What is this? A neuron What does it do? Receives and transmits information Sending a signal How are signals sent in the nervous system? Message travels from neuron
More information