Midterm Review. 5. Base your answers to the following question(s) on the information and data table below and on your knowledge of biology.

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1 Name: 1. A television commercial for a weight-loss pill claims that it has been scientifically tested. The advertisement includes statements from 10 people who say that the pill worked for them. State two reasons why someone should question the claims made in this advertisement. 2. A biologist in a laboratory reports a new discovery based on experimental results. If the experimental results are valid, biologists in other laboratories should be able to A. repeat the same experiment with a different variable and obtain the same results. perform the same experiment and obtain different results. repeat the same experiment and obtain the same results. perform the same experiment under different experimental conditions and obtain the same results 3. ase your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the information below and on your knowledge of biology. Use one or more complete sentences to answer each question. When a drug manufactor develops a new drug to treat some form, of disease, the drug should be tested to ensure that it does what it is supposed to do. Usually, the drug is tested on animals and, if these tests are successful, it is then tested on humans. A drug called Lowervil was developed by a drug company to lower blood pressure. Lowervil has been tested successfully on animals, and the drug company is now ready to test it on humans. The drug company claims that on dose of Lowervil per day will decrease blood pressure in individuals experiencing high blood pressure. A research has been hired to determine whether or not Lowervil lowers blood pressure. Answer the following questions related to the experimental testing of the new drug Lowervil. How should the experimental group and control group be treated differently? 4. An experiment was designed to test whether students could squeeze a clothespin more times in 1 minute after resting or after exercising. What would be a hypothesis for the experiment? 5. ase your answers to the following question(s) on the information and data table below and on your knowledge of biology. iabetes is a disease characterized by consistently high blood glucose levels (at or above 126 mg/100 ml) as a result of hormone deficiency. For a study of diabetes, blood glucose levels from individual A and individual were recorded each hour over a 5-hour period following a meal. The results are shown in the data table below. lood Glucose Levels (mg/100 ml). lood Glucose Levels (mg/100 ml) Hours Individual A Individual irections: Using the information in the data table, construct a line graph on the grid on the next page, following the directions below. Plot the data for individual A on the grid, surround each point with a small circle, and connect the points. Example: A. o students squeeze clothespins more often in 1 minute after exercising?. an most students squeeze a clothespin more times after they rest?. Ten students who exercise before squeezing a clothespin squeezed it more times in 1 minute than ten students who rested first.. Students who rest before squeezing a clothespin will squeeze it fewer times in 1 minute than students who exercise beforehand. page 1

2 6. Missing from the diagram of this ecosystem are the 9. ase your answer(s) to following question(s) on the diagram below, which represents a pond food web, and on your knowledge of biology. A. biotic factors and decomposers. abiotic factors and decomposers. autotrophs, only. heterotrophs, only 7. A relationship between a consumer and producer is best illustrated by a A. snake eating a bird Which energy pyramid most accurately shows the energy relationships between three organisms in this food web? A.. tree absorbing minerals. fungus breaking down wastes. deer eating grass 8. Which group would most likely be represented in a food chain?. A. biotic factors. abiotic factors. inorganic compounds. finite resources.. page 2

3 10. A food web is represented in the diagram below. 12. The diagram below represents genetic material. Which population in this food web would most likely be negatively affected by an increase in the mouse population? A. snake. rabbit. wolf. hawk 11. ase your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the diagram below and on your knowledge of biology. The expression of the section labeled X may be modified by A. temperature, only. asexual reproduction. the environment. ph, only 13. Over a long period of time, the stages represented in the diagram below were each present in a particular ecosystem. Stages in an Ecosystem State what would most likely happen to the cricket population if all of the grasses were removed. After a forest fire, what is the most likely order in which these stages appeared? A. A. A. A. A page 3

4 14. When habitats are destroyed, there are usually fewer niches for animals and plants. This action would most likely not lead to a change in the amount of 18. The diagram below represents the varying biodiversity in three ecosystems. A. biodiversity. competition. interaction between species. solar radiation reaching the area 15. In an ecosystem, the presence of many different species is critical for the survival of some forms of life when A. ecosystems remain stable over long periods of time. significant changes occur in the ecosystem. natural selection does not occur. the finite resources of Earth increase 16. What would most likely occur after an ecosystem is disrupted by fire? A. The ecosystem would eventually return to its original state.. The ecosystem would return to its previous state immediately.. The ecosystem would evolve into a new ecosystem that is totally different from the original.. The ecosystem would become an everchanging environment with no stability. The level of biodiversity in ecosystem A is high because it has the A. least variety of energy levels. greatest variety of genetic material. greatest number of decomposers. least number of ecological niches 19. Organisms from a particular ecosystem are shown below. 17. ase your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the data table below and on your knowledge of biology. The data table shows the number of breeding pairs of bald eagles in New York State from 1991 to Year Number of reeding Pairs of ald Eagles in New York State from 1991 to 2003 Number of reeding pairs In which time period did New York State see the largest increase in breeding pairs of bald eagles? A Which statement concerning an organism in this ecosystem is correct? A. Organism 2 is heterotrophic.. Organism 3 helps recycle materials.. Organism 4 obtains all of its nutrients from an abiotic source.. Organism 5 must obtain its energy from organism 1. page 4

5 20. Eating a sweet potato provides energy for human metabolic processes. The original source of this energy is the energy 23. The graph below shows the growth of a field mouse population in an ecosystem over time. A. in protein molecules stored within the potato. from starch molecules absorbed by the potato plant. made available by photosynthesis. in vitamins and minerals found in the soil 21. What is the primary source of energy for all the organisms in the ecosystem represented below? The dashed line indicating the carrying capacity for the mouse population is correctly shown on which graph? A. A. photosynthesis in the producers. respiration in the heterotrophs. light energy from the Sun. minerals from the rocks. 22. ase your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the energy pyramid below and on your knowledge of biology.. Which level includes organisms that get their energy exclusively from a source other than the organisms in this ecosystem?. A. A... page 5

6 24. Which statement best describes the fruit fly population in the part of the curve labeled X in the graph shown below? 27. ompetition for biotic resources can be illustrated by organisms fighting for a limited amount of A. air to breathe. water to drink. mates for breeding. space for nesting 28. Which organisms directly help to reduce overpopulation in a deer herd? A. parasites and predators. parasites and scavengers. decomposers and predators. decomposers and consumers A. The fruit fly population has reached the number of organisms the habitat can support.. The fruit fly population can no longer mate and produce fertile offspring.. The fruit fly population has an average life span of 36 days.. The fruit fly population is no longer able to adapt to the changing environmental conditions. 29. uring its annual migration, the red knot, a medium-size shorebird, flies the entire length of North and South America. uring one critical stop to feed on the eggs of horseshoe crabs, the birds nearly double their body mass. The relationship between the red knot and the horseshoe crab is that of A. parasite-host. consumer-producer. scavenger-producer. predator-prey 25. The graph below shows the growth of a population of coyotes in a wilderness area. 30. Two species of animals with a similar appearance live in the same habitat but do not compete for food. This is because they most likely A. reproduce at different times of the year. are the same size. occupy different ecological niches. are active at night 31. The diagram represents the changes in an area over time. State one possible cause for the population decrease at X. 26. When two different bird species temporarily occupy the same niche, they would most likely A. change their nesting behaviors. not affect one another. interbreed to form a new species. compete with one another This series of changes in the area over hundreds of years is known as A. evolution. feedback. ecological succession. direct harvesting 32. In New York State, small farms that were abandoned many years ago have become hardwood forests. This is an example of A. local deforestation. biotechnology. ecological succession. habitat loss page 6

7 33. The diagram below represents a biological process taking place in an area of New York State unaffected by natural disasters. 37. Which letter indicates a cell structure that directly controls the movement of molecules into and out of the cell? Which statement correctly describes a stage in this process? A. The grass stage is the most stable stage and exists for thousands of years.. The shrub stage modifies the ecosystem, making it more suitable for the pine forest.. The pine forest stage has no biodiversity and the least competition.. The hardwood forest stage will be replaced by a pine forest. 34. Which organelle is correctly paired with its specific function? A. cell membrane storage of hereditary information. chloroplast transport of materials. ribosome synthesis of proteins. vacuole production of ATP A. A ase your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the two different cells shown below. Only cell A produces substance X. oth cells A and use substance X. 35. ase your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the diagrams below and on your knowledge of biology. The diagrams represent two different cells and some of their parts. The diagrams are not drawn to scale. Identify substance X. 39. Identify the type of organelle in cell A that produces substance X. Which statement best describes these cells? A. ell lacks vacuoles while cell A has them.. NA would not be found in either cell A or cell.. oth cell A and cell use energy released from ATP.. oth cell A and cell produce antibiotics. 36. Identify the organelle labeled X in cell!. 40. Identify the type of organelle found in both cell A and cell that uses substance X. 41. Which statement illustrates a biotic resource interacting with an abiotic resource? A. A rock moves during an earthquake.. A sea turtle transports a pilot fish to food.. A plant absorbs sunlight, which is used for photosynthesis.. A wind causes waves to form on a lake. page 7

8 42. The equation below represents a summary of a biological process. carbon dioxide + water glucose + water + oxygen This process is completed in A. mitochondria. ribosomes. cell membranes. chloroplasts 43. The energy found in ATP molecules synthesized in animal cells comes directly from A. sunlight. organic molecules. minerals. inorganic molecules 45. Name the molecule represented by letter X. 46. The process of active transport requires the most direct use of A. carbon dioxide. amino acids. ATP. glucose 47. yanide is a poison that limits the ability of an animal cell to manufacture ATP. In a cell containing a small amount of cyanide, which process would be least affected? A. movement. cell division. active transport. diffusion 44. ase your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the word equation and on your knowledge of biology. Name the process represented by the equation. page 8

9 Problem-Attic format version c EducAide Software Licensed for use by Vincent Joralemon Terms of Use at 01/20/ do not know what the people ate along with taking the pill or do not know if the people were truthful or do not know how many people were in the study or ten people too few for making a valid conclusion The experimental group should be given Lowervil, and the control group should be given a sugar pill. correctly plotting the data for individual A, surrounding each point with a small circle, and connecting the points A A A It would decrease Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to: disease harsh winter food supply decreased predators Note: o not accept death or they died without a corresponding cause. A

10 Teacher s Key Page ribosome oxygen or glucose or sugar chloroplast mitochondrion respiration or cell respiration or aerobic respiration or oxidation. ATP or adenosine triphosphate