BELLWORK DEFINE: PERISTALSIS CHYME RUGAE Remember the structures of the digestive system 1

Transcription

1 BELLWORK DEFINE: PERISTALSIS CHYME RUGAE 2.07 Remember the structures of the digestive system 1

2

3 STANDARD 8) Outline basic concepts of normal structure and function of all body systems, and explain how homeostasis is maintained. (the digestive system)

4 OBJECTIVES IDENTIFY AND LABEL THE STRUCTURES OF THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM DESCRIBE THE FUNCTION OF EACH STRUCTURE OF THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

5 Structures Digestive system Also known as: Alimentary Canal Digestive Tract Gastrointestinal Tract Upper GI Lower GI Approximately 30 in length from mouth to anus 2.07 Remember the structures of the digestive system 5

6 Primary structures Mouth Esophagus Stomach Small intestines Large intestines Accessory structures Structures of the digestive Tongue Teeth Salivary glands Pancreas Liver Gall bladder system 2.07 Remember the structures of the digestive system 6

7

8 FUNCTIONS OF THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Physical breakdown of food: involves the processes of ingestion and mastication Chemical digestion of food into the end products of fat, carbohydrates and protein: involves the processes of digestion and secretion Absorption of nutrients into blood capillaries of the small intestines Eliminate waste products of digestion: involves the processes of excretion or defecation

9 Structures of the digestive system Mouth (buccal cavity) Tongue Teeth Salivary Glands Palate Uvula 2.07 Remember the structures of the digestive system 9

10 Tongue Structures of the digestive Attached to floor of mouth Made of skeletal muscle attached to four bones Taste buds on the surface Sweet Sour Bitter Salty system Tasting is one of our special senses. What other body system have we discussed That relates to the tongue and our taste buds? 2.07 Remember the structures of the digestive system 10

11 Teeth Structures of the digestive Primary (deciduous) 20 baby teeth Secondary (permanent) 32 adult teeth The process of chewing is called mastication. system 2.07 Remember the structures of the digestive system 11

12 Structures of the digestive Salivary glands Produce enzymes that break down carbohydrates and convert starches to sugar system 2.07 Remember the structures of the digestive system 12

13 Structures of the digestive Palate system Hard Soft Uvula Flap of skin hanging in the back of the throat This keeps food from going up our nose when we swallow! 2.07 Remember the structures of the digestive system 13

14 HOW MANY OF YOU LIKE SUSHI? EVER WONDER WHY THEY SERVE GINGER WITH YOUR MEAL?

15 Structures of the digestive Pharynx (throat) system Nasopharynx Oropharynx Hypopharynx When we swallow this closes off the trachea 2.07 Remember the structures of the digestive system 15

16 Structures of the digestive Esophagus Muscular tube, 10 long Connects the pharynx and stomach Peristalsis occurs here Esophageal wall layers Mucosa Submucosa Muscular External serous system Consider the process of ingestion. Are there any health concerns related to eating and the esophagus? 2.07 Remember the structures of the digestive system 16

17 Structures of the digestive Stomach Upper left quadrant of the of the abdominal cavity Fundus Body Pylorus Cardiac Sphincter Pyloric Sphincter Rugae system The stomach secretes gastric acids and enzymes causing chemical digestion Remember the structures of the digestive system 17

18 How long does it take the stomach to empty?

19 Structures of the digestive Small intestines Duodenum First segment 12 long Jejunum Second segment 8 long Ileum Third segment long system 2.07 Remember the structures of the digestive system 19

20 Small Intestines (small bowels) The major organ of DIGESTION, where most food is broken down ABSORPTION occurs in small intestine --- absorption of 80% of usable nutrients --- digested food passes into bloodstream and on to body cells, indigestible passes on to large intestine Fatty acids and fat absorbed into lymphatic vessels from the small intestine

21 Structures of the digestive system Large intestines Approximately 2 in diameter 5 long 2.07 Remember the structures of the digestive system 21

22 Large Intestines (large bowel or colon) Responsible for water reabsorption Absorption of vitamins produced in the large intestine (B complex and K vitamins) packaging and compacting the waste products for elimination

23 Activity: Make a poster! Break into four groups and divide tasks: Draw/Label/Color the structures of the digestive system. Write a brief description of the function of each structure on your poster. Include the accessory organs: liver, pancreas, and gall bladder. Research and add the function of the accessory organs to your poster.

24 Liver, Pancreas, and Gall Bladder

25 Standard 8) Outline basic concepts of normal structure and function of all body systems, and explain how homeostasis is maintained. (particularly the digestive system)

26 Objectives RESEARCH POSSIBLE CONDITIONS RELATED TO THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM DESCRIBE HOW THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM MAINTAINS HOMEOSTASIS IN THE BODY