Effect of Compaction Forces on Powder Bed Permeability of Magnesium Silicate "Common Excipient Mixture"

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Effect of Compaction Forces on Powder Bed Permeability of Magnesium Silicate "Common Excipient Mixture""

Transcription

1 Effect of Compaction Forces on Powder Bed Permeability of Magnesium Silicate "Common Excipient Mixture" SAMEER AL-ASHEH a, FAWZI BANAT a, ALA A SALEM a, IAD RASHID b, ADNAN BADWAN b a Department of Chemical Engineering, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O.Box 3030 Irbid 22110, JORDAN, alasheh@just.edu.jo b The Jordanian Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Co PLC, P.O. Box 94, Naour Jordan, dr_iyad_rashid@hotmail.com Abstract: - This work involves development of new alternative excipient of starch-mgsio 3 mixture using dry-granulation techniques and influent of different parameter on the granulation process. Permeability using Darcy's law and swell capacity of excipients at different MgSiO 3 levels (from zero% to 90% w/w MgSiO 3 ) was investigated at different dry granulation roll compaction pressure. Different parameters were measured for compaction of MgSiO 3 at a given concentration; these include weight variation, hardness, disintegration time, particle size distribution and BET surface area. Starch-MgSiO 3 mixtures at different MgSiO 3 concentrations were evaluated for their permeability, swelling capacity, disintegration time and BET surface area. A system of starch-mgsio 3 mixture with 30% MgSiO 3 at third dry granulation roll compaction level was the most applicable one. The highest hardness value of kg was achieved with low disintegration time of 8 sec and 5.65 m 2 /g specific surface area. This study demonstrates that starch-mgsio 3 mixture can serve as superdisintegrant excipients in wide applications of pharmaceutical manufactory. Key-Words: - Excipients, compaction, granulation, starch, MgSiO 3 1 Introduction Scalable processes in the field of pharmaceutical industry necessitate a full investigation of process parameters and variables at the small scale level for the purpose of attaining optimized operating conditions. One of the newly operation unit that has an added value and/or short cut pharmaceutical significance is what is known as the compactor. The added value is due to the fact that pharmaceutical powder blends produced by compaction results in an improvement in the powder physical properties towards highly flowable with high compaction features [1]. From economical point of view, it is reported that the presence of compactors eliminates the need of other processes that may require more labors, time, and cost burden mainly the granulation step in the field of pharmaceutical industry [2]. As powder physical requirements, ideal pharmaceutical blends should be characterized by good compaction and flow. As powder functional requirements, excipients composing the pharmaceutical powder blends serve as either binders or fillers or disintegrants or lubricants. Hence, the combination of different excipients in solid dosage form preparation creates solid, intact, disintegrable tablets. In this respect, the challenging opportunity is to achieve an excipient with multi-functioning purposes serving as a binder, filler and a disintegrant. Recently, the combination of magnesium silicate and starch particles was found to offer industrial potential for use as single filler. Such combination serves as binding as well as superdisintegration properties ISBN:

2 and can be used directly in compressed tablets or in wet granulation methodologies [3]. The physical combination between starch and magnesium silicate is normally performed through co-precipitation of magnesium silicate onto starch or by compaction of starch with magnesium silicate [4]. The former technique was comprehensively investigated and was adopted in solid dosage form preparations [5]. However, scalability becomes a constraint as co-precipitation of magnesium silicate onto starch dictates the use of large volumes of operation units to fully contain a batch or fed batch process [4, 5]. The later technique, i.e. compaction of starch with magnesium silicate at different compaction pressure/ roller compactor, has not yet been investigated, and may provide a good alternative to the co-precipitation technique. This work aims to develop alternative excipients using dry granulation roller compactor as compared to co-precipitation technique. It is also intended to study the effect of compaction forces on the powder permeability. In this regard, Darcy lawpermeability will be used to study the powder's behavior. In contrast to the wet granulation process (e.g. fluid bed process and high shear mixing), the dry granulation roll compactor is the most useful granulation technology as it is simple, does not require liquid binder, ideal for materials that are sensitive to heat and/or moisture, micro problem does not exist, and economically feasible. 2 Materials and Methods 2.1 Equipment The following equipment were used during the course of experimental work: 1. Bench top compaction system (TFC-LAB Micro, USA), with capacity of 5 g to 1 kg/hr, roll speed of rpm and roll force of tons. 2. Single punch tablet compression (Manesty, Merseyside, UK), which is used for compression test. 3. Malvern Mastersizer 2000 laser Diffraction (Scirocco 200, UK). This is for particle size analysis; it measures particle size in the range µm. The system is controlled by mastersizer computer's software, with vibration feed rate from 0-100% and dispersive air pressure from 0 to 4 bar (± 0.02 bar). 4. Hardness tester device (Vector schleuniger, model 6D, 110 volts, Switzerland). 5. Disintegration tester (BJ series model). This is used for determination of disintegration time of tablet under certain condition at 37 C. 6. Bio-rad Tube (Econo-Column, Hercules, USA). These are tubes of 70 cm height; consist of porous polymer bed at the bottom of the biorad column to keep fine particles with internal diameter of 2.4 cm. Also it is equipped at the bottom of the column with an end cap to prevent or water leakage. The tube is used for powder samples in permeability test. 2.2 Materials Commercial maize starch, corn starch (Beijing Quanfeng Starch Company, China) was used. It was dried at 120 C until its water content reached 5.2% w/w (moisture average value). Sodium silicate solution was supplied by Jordanian Pharmaceutical Manufacturing (JPM, Jordan). Pure magnesium silicate (99.9%) was supplied by an Indian company. 2.3 Preparation of powders Magnesium silicate (MgSiO 3 ) powder Magnesium silicate was prepared by mixing sodium silicate solution with Dead Sea water, followed by washing for several times with deionized water until the ph reached 8-9. Next, the precipitate (MgSiO 3 ) was dried in an oven at C for 24 hours. After that, the dried magnesium silicate was crushed and sieved until it became a soft powder that matched the particle size of maize starch Mixed dry powder The powder of magnesium silicate and starch were dried in an oven until the moisture content was less than 8% w/w. Magnesium silicate-starch mixtures were prepared with different concentrations of 5, 10, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 60, 70, 80 and 90 % w/w magnesium silicate and were gently mixed for 20 minutes Dry granulation of mixed powders ISBN:

3 This was prepared by using roller compactor with constant roll and screw speed at different compaction pressure. Two methods were used; these are described below. First method: The speed of both the screw and roll after trial and error were set to about 18.8 and 4.23 rpm, respectively. The pure magnesium silicate was fed into the screw of the compactor into the DP pressure rolls at different compaction pressures of 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9 MPa. The DP is designed to provide a uniform distribution of force to the powder, creating a consistent ribbon of pure magnesium. It is important to mention that pure maize starch could not be compacted. Two kilogram of starch-magnesium silicate mixtures at different concentrations, namely 10, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 60, 70, 80, and 90% w/w magnesium silicate were fed to the screw, each sample alone at given compaction pressures. Samples from each system of starch- magnesium silicate were taken for analysis. All the resulting ribbons or flakes of the samples were sieved on 18/inch size fraction to get the granules. Second method: For each starch-magnesium silicate system at given concentration, namely 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, and 90% w/w magnesium silicate, 2 kg of sample was granulated in the dry granulation/ roller compactor at given compaction pressures of 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 MPa for second and third time of dry granulation and also for pure magnesium silicate. 2.4 Bulk density measurement The bulk density (g/ml) was determined for each sample. In this case a graduated cylinder of 100 ml was maintained on the weighting balance, and then filled up with the powder samples carefully to the rim using a spoon. Then the weight of the powder sample was recorded (W s ) for each sample. The bulk density is then calculated using: where ρ B is the bulk density (g/ml), m S is the mass of powder sample (g). 2.5 Permeability test of excipient Ten grams of each powder sample were transferred into the biorad tube; replicates of eight samples were considered for each system. The first height of the powder bed sample was recorded as H 0 ; then deionized water was added up to 20 cm. The biorad tube was shaken manually for 20 minutes. Deionized water was added quickly up to 45 cm, and then the powder was left to sediment for 8 hours. The powder bed height after sedimentation was recorded as H 1. After that, the cap of the tube was removed and deionized water was allowed to flow through the powder bed. The first 10 ml were returned back to the hydraulic head and the powder head height was recorded again as H 2. The time was recorded for each 10 ml of deionized water until it reached a constant rate. The level of deionized water in the tube was fixed to retain the hydraulic pressure constant during the test. 2.6 Swelling capacity test Ten grams of each sample was transferred into a measuring cylinder, followed by addition of distilled water up to 45 ml. The measuring cylinder was shacked continuously for 15 minutes, and then the samples were left to precipitate for 8 hours at room temperature. The swelling capacity was calculated using: where V f is the final volume of swollen samples after 8 hours (ml), V i is the initial volume of sample in the measuring cylinder (ml). 2.7 Tablets preparation and properties measurements The tablet is most popular dosage form in pharmaceutical industry. It consists of a mixture of active and excipient material in powder form. In this study, the excipient (mixture of starch-magnesium silicate) was used alone to prepare tablet for disintegration measurement purpose. Part of each sample (starch-magnesium silicate) with 20 and 30 % w/w magnesium silicate was taken for compression in a single punch tablet compression instrument at 8 ton with a fixed weight of one gram, and with 11 inch punch circular. The resulting tablets were tested to ISBN:

4 determine their physical properties. These include weight variation, hardness, and disintegration. The test for weight variation showed the tablet weight uniformity, where 10 tablets were weighed individually using analytical balance, the mean weight of these tablets was taken. The hardness test was applied to determine the strength of tablet crushing, where 10 tablets of each sample were maintained individually inside the hardness tester. The disintegration test was used to determine the disintegration time or the resistance of tablet to break down into particles. 3 Results and Discussion Properties of maize starch, pure MgSiO 3 and starch-mgsio 3 mixture The Darcy s law was used for interpreting the results obtained. This was accomplished, for example, for pure magnesium silicate at 4 MPa which resulted in permeability (K) value of cm/sec with swelling capacity equal to zero percentage. The bulk density for maize starch is 0.50 g/cm 3, for pure magnesium silicate prepared in the laboratory it was measured as 0.71 g/cm 3, while for synthetic magnesium silicate the bulk density is 0.88 g/cm 3. The bulk density for the starchmagnesium silicate mixture is in the ranges ( g/cm 3 ) after the granulation process. The bulk density for starch-mgsio 3 compacted mixture increased with increasing MgSiO 3 concentration, since maize starch bulk density was 0.50 g/cm 3, for synthetic pure MgSiO 3 the bulk density was 0.88 g/cm 3, while for 20% and 90% MgSiO 3 granules it was is 0.65 and 0.85, respectively. Maize starch showed the lowest permeability value of cm/sec. This could be due to a narrow particle size distribution of maize starch, which acts as a hydrophilic powder. However, for pure MgSiO 3 (without compact granulation) the permeability increased to a value of cm/sec, which could be due to the open area which may allow water to flow through. Fig. 1 refers to the permeability value of starch-mgsio 3 mixture at different concentration of MgSiO 3 before dry granulation/roller compactor. It is seen that permeability increases with the increase in MgSiO 3 concentration. At high concentration of MgSiO 3, magnesium silicate becomes more dominant in the mixture, which means that the contribution of starch to mixture properties is lower, and thus starch gelatinization behavior diminishes. Also, permeability values of each of the prepared MgSiO 3 and the synthetic one are close to each other; and cm/sec, respectively. Effect of compaction pressure Figure 2 demonstrates that the increase in compaction pressure of the dry granulation roll compactor can cause an increase in the permeability. Fig. 1: Effect of MgSiO 3 concentration on permeability of co-excipient using starch- MgSiO 3 mixture without granulation. ISBN:

5 Fig. 2: Effect of compaction pressure on permeability of pure MgSiO 3 using 18/inch mesh sieve. Pure MgSiO 3 showed an increase in permeability with an increase in compaction pressure of roll compactor at different levels of granulation, as shown in Fig. 4. The first granulation level prevail the highest permeability value at 9 MPa, followed by the second and third granulation level, respectively. At same compaction pressure, such trend may be explained in terms of fine particles, which decrease continuously with increase in the number of dry granulations roll compaction cycle (granulation level) and thus providing more area for water to penetrate through. Figure 3 shows that the permeability value increases with the increase in compaction pressure at different MgSiO 3 concentration. At 50% w/w MgSiO 3, the highest value of permeability is achieved. This could be due to the production of granules at high pressure which results in a decrease in fine particles. Fig. 4: Effect of compaction pressure on permeability of co-excipient using pure MgSiO 3 and 18/inch mesh sieve at different granulation levels; level one; level two, level three Fig. 3: Effect of compaction pressure on permeability of starch- MgSiO 3 co-excipient at different MgSiO 3 concentrations using 18/inch mesh sieve. MgSiO 3 concentration (w/w): 20%; 25%, 30%; 35%; 40%; 50%. It also appears that granulation level of different compaction forces and different MgSiO 3 concentration influences the permeability of the excipient. These effects are presented in Figs. 5 7, where permeability increases with increase in compaction force and MgSiO 3 concentration followed by different behavior of each granulation level. It is obvious that the fine particle decreases with increasing in granulation level; in which these fine particles block the porous and prevent water to flow through it. ISBN:

6 Fig. 5: Effect of compaction pressure on permeability of co-excipient at first granulation level using starch-mgsio 3 mixture with different MgSiO 3 concentrations (w/w MgSiO 3 ): 40%; 50%, 60%; 70%; 80%; 90% Fig. 7: Effect of compaction pressure on permeability of co-excipient using starch- MgSiO 3 mixture for the third granulation level with different MgSiO 3 concentrations (% w/w MgSiO 3 ) using 18/inch mesh sieve: 40%; 50%, 60%; 70%; 80%; 90 Fig. 6: Effect of compaction pressure on permeability of co-excipient at second granulation level using starch-mgsio 3 mixture with different MgSiO 3 concentrations (w/w MgSiO 3 ) using 18/inch mesh sieve: 40%; 50%, 60%; 70%; 80%; 90%. Figure 8 shows an increase in permeability of starch-mgsio 3 at 40% w/w MgSiO 3 at different granulation levels. At first granulation level, the permeability increases with the increase in compaction pressure to a certain compaction pressure (7 MPa) and beyond this pressure second granulation level dominates first granulation level; while third granulation level shows the lowest permeability. Also, starch-mgsio 3 at 50%w/w MgSiO 3 have the same behavior but at another compaction pressure (at 6.5 MPa) as illustrated in Fig. 9. It could be assumed that there is an overlap between the influence of particle size and surface area at the same concentration of MgSiO 3 at both first and second granulation levels. ISBN:

7 Fig. 8: Effect of compaction pressure on permeability of co-excipient using starch- MgSiO 3 mixture of 40% w/w MgSiO 3 using 18/inch mesh sieve with different granulation levels; level one; level two, level three. second and third granulation level, respectively. The three figures demonstrate that co-excipient at 60% w/w MgSiO 3 showed highest permeability value followed by 50% and 40% w/w MgSiO 3. This increase in permeability is due to the elimination of fine particles present in the sample, which in turns increases the voids between the particles and thus allowing water to penetrate through easily. In addition, Fig. 13 present permeability results using 20% and 30% MgSiO 3 of (w/w) at different granulation level. It is seen that system at 30% MgSiO 3 for third granulation level showed the highest permeability value, followed by 20% MgSiO 3 for third granulation level until it reach 20% MgSiO 3 for first granulation level of the lowest value. This suggests that there are different factors affecting the permeability of the co-excipient depending on both concentration of MgSiO 3 and granulation level. Fig. 9: Effect of compaction pressure on permeability of co-excipient using starch- MgSiO 3 mixture of 50% w/w MgSiO 3 using 18/inch mesh sieve with different granulation levels; level one; level two, level three. Certain starch-mgsio 3 samples at given MgSiO 3 concentration and compaction pressure passed through 18/inch mesh sieve and collected on 22/inch mesh sieve in a purpose to remove fine particles. The permeability of these samples was measured and it was noticed that the permeability increased with an increase in compaction pressure for all concentrations at different granulation levels; such results are presented in Figs. 10, 11, and 12 for first, Fig. 10: Effect of compaction pressure on permeability of co-excipient for the first granulation level using starch-mgsio 3 mixture using 18-22/ inch mesh sieve with different MgSiO 3 concentrations (w/w MgSiO 3 ): 40%; 50%, 60% ISBN:

8 Fig. 11: Effect of compaction pressure on permeability of co-excipient for the second granulation level using starch-mgsio 3 mixture using 18-22/ inch mesh sieve with different MgSiO 3 concentrations (w/w MgSiO 3 ): 40%; 50%, 60%. Fig. 12: Effect of compaction pressure on permeability of excipient for the third granulation level using starch-mgsio 3 mixture using 18-22/ inch mesh sieve with different MgSiO 3 concentrations (w/w MgSiO 3 ): 40%; 50%, 60%. Fig. 13: Effect of compaction pressure on permeability of co-excipient for different granulation levels using starch-mgsio 3 mixture with different MgSiO 3 concentrations (w/w MgSiO 3 ) using 18/inch mesh sieve: first granulation level of 30%; first granulation level of 20%, second granulation level of 30% w/w MgSiO 3 ; second granulation level of 20%; third granulation level of 30%; third granulation level of 20% Swell capacity Swelling capacity was calculated for each sample for both physical mixtures: starch- MgSiO 3 (before granulation process/ roll compacted) and granulated/roll compacted starch-mgsio 3 mixture of 18/inch mesh sieve. These are presented in Figures 14 and 15; it is seen that swelling capacity decreases with an increase in MgSiO 3 content. As MgSiO 3 dominating the content, the swell behavior of starch begin to decrease with increase in magnesium silicate content. However, the trend is a bit different when using granulated samples since swelling capacity of starch-mgsio 3 mixture decreases with the increase in MgSiO 3 content up to certain level and then it increases with MgSiO 3 content (Figure 13). This is because of pure MgSiO 3 which did not show any swell behavior (i.e. swell capacity is zero%). On the other hand, pure maize starch favors absorption of water and thus it showed the highest swell value of 125%. It was also noticed that compaction pressure for systems ISBN:

9 with different concentrations of MgSiO 3 does not have a large effect on swelling behavior. Figure 14: Swelling capacity versus MgSiO 3 concentration for granulated and un-granulated mixture of starch-mgsio 3 : un-granulated starch-mgsio 3 ; granulated starch-mgsio 3. pressure and granulation levels. It is seen that sample of 30% MgSiO 3 at third granulation level showed the fast disintegration time followed by sample of 20% MgSiO 3 at third granulation level, 30% MgSiO 3 at second granulation level, 30% MgSiO 3 at first granulation level, 20% MgSiO 3 at second granulation level, and finally 20% MgSiO 3 at first granulation level which showed the lowest disintegration time. The molecules of starch absorb water easily, which qualify it to swell more rapidly with decreasing MgSiO 3 and break the bonding between the molecules; this leads to longer disintegration time. When MgSiO 3 concentration increases, the disintegration time starts to decrease and swell capacity increases. Less swelling sample has fast disintegration due to capillary action/porosity, which provides pathways for the penetration of fluid/water into the tablet. Fluid drawn up into pathways and rupture interparticulate bond causing tablet to break apart. Fig. 15: Swelling capacity versus MgSiO 3 concentration of granulated starch-mgsio 3. Disintegration time, hardness and weight variation of uncoated tablet Tablet physical tests including disintegration time, hardness and weight variation were applied on 20% and 30% of MgSiO 3 samples sieved on 18/inch mesh sieve. The results showed that all tablet weight variations at different conditions were within to %. Figure 16 shows disintegration time of uncoated and un-active tablet for 20% and 30% (w/w) MgSiO 3 samples at different compaction Fig. 16: Effect of compaction pressure on the tablet disintegration time with different granulation level for two MgSiO 3 concentration (w/w MgSiO 3 ): first granulation level of 20%; second granulation level of 20%; third granulation level of 20%; first granulation level of 30%; second granulation level of 30%; third granulation level of 30% Tablet hardness is an indicator of tablet strength dependence on the strength of internal bonding of the tablet granules. Tablet hardness was measured for the some samples as shown ISBN:

10 Fig. 17. It is seen that hardness increases with increasing compaction pressure of the roll compactor for both 20% and 30% of MgSiO 3 samples. At third granulation level of 30% MgSiO 3 sample at 8 MPa, the highest hardness value of kg was achieved. Hardness increases with the increase in MgSiO 3 content at the same time having the lowest disintegration time. This is due to the low content of fine particle with increasing compaction granulation roll compactor level. Thus, when the tablet compressed under certain pressure, where these fines particles resist tablet compression, due to pore blocking and prevent the water flow, the granules are easily compacted with good tablet hardness. canals through the combined mixture, and thus development of meso- and microporous structure. The dry granulation roll compaction level also affects the surface area. For pure MgSiO 3 at first dry granulation level of roll compactor, the heights BET surface area of m 2 /g was obtained. While at third granulation level of 30% w/w MgSiO 3, the lowest BET surface area of 5.65 m 2 /g was obtained. Maize starch has the lowest BET surface area of 0.58 m 2 /g. Table 1: BET analysis of different MgSiO 3 systems at 8 MPa compaction pressure of different dry granulation roll compaction level. Dry granulation roll compaction pressure at 8 MPa Pure MgSiO 3 (100%) BET surface area First granulation level Third granulation level m 2 /g m 2 /g 30% MgSiO m 2 /g 5.65 m 2 /g Fig. 17: Effect of compaction pressure of different granulation level on tablet hardness with different concentration of MgSiO 3 (w/w MgSiO 3 ): first granulation level of 20%; second granulation level of 20%, third granulation level of 20% w/w MgSiO 3 ; first granulation level of 30%; second granulation level of 30%; third granulation level of 30%. Effect of concentration and compaction pressure on the surface area The specific surface area measurements were obtained by means of the Brunauer- Emmet-Teller (BET) method using NOVA-200 instrument. BET measurements showed that surface area of the exepients samples increases with the increase in MgSiO 3 concentration of mixture of starch-mgsio 3 (Table 1). MgSiO 3 has catalytic action due to possible opening of 90% MgSiO m 2 /g m 2 /g Thus, it can be deduced that at low concentration of MgSiO 3 of 30% MgSiO 3 at third granulation roll compaction level, the permeability is higher than that at first granulation level. This is due to the influence of particle size diameter at this level of MgSiO 3 (30%w/w). While for 90% MgSiO 3 the surface area affect the permeability more than particle size of this sample. The particle size diameter was measured using Mastersizer and results are shown in Table 2 for different samples, where d(0.1), for example, represents the particle diameter at which 10% of the distribution is below. Permeability, as an indicator of disintegration, is affected by particle size. As known, the porosity increases with larger particle size of high MgSiO 3 concentration of ISBN:

11 starch-mgsio 3 mixture which lead to lower swelling then to fast disintegration. The bonding formation between the starch-mgsio 3 mixture particles with dry granulation roll compaction sufficiently become strong, and thus prevents breakdown of the granules. Increase in the compaction pressure of the dry granulation improves contact area and also the strength of the bonding as a result of increasing Van der Waals force with interparticulate distance reducing. This is an important result for the effect of dry granulation roll compaction level on specific surface area of excipient as, although not in our case, less surface area will be available for any drug adsorption. Table 2: Particle size distribution of different MgSiO 3 systems MgSiO 3 Sample Particle Size Diameter (µm) d (0.1) d (0.5) d (0.9) d (0.1) d (0.5) d (0.9) 30% MgSiO 3 not compacted % MgSiO 3 not compacted Pure Maize Starch (100%) Granulation roll compaction at Pressure at 8 MPa First level Third level 30% MgSiO 3 compacted % MgSiO 3 compacted Conclusion The work performed herein represents a continuous investigation on a novel multifunctional excipient developed recently from starch compacted with magnesium silicate. The previously impressive scientific data provided on the good binding and fast disintegration of that excipient was found to lack mechanistic understanding on the disintegration of starch compacted with magnesium silicate. Therefore, the present study was designed to obtain an improved understanding on tablets disintegration by the application of the concept of permeability on a mixture of starch with magnesium silicate subjected to multi-compaction steps using the roll compactor. The results indicate that the permeability of starch is directly proportional to the applied compaction pressure and to the amount of magnesium silicate blended with starch. Moreover, permeability was found to be dependent, to a great extent, on the particle size distribution of the compacted granules and this may imply on the voids between the particles. Such dependency renders a remarkable low permeability values obtained when the mixture contains some degree of fine particles present beside the coarser ones. A better understanding to the effect of particle size distribution, magnesium silicate content, and number of compaction cycles on permeability was brought into surface when the specific surface areas of the compacts were measured. It is clear that the higher the number of compaction cycles, the lower the number of fine granules present and the lower the available particles specific surface area which in turn increases the permeability values. These findings will enable effective control of the excipients functional behavior during processing as well as in the development of compacted starch-mg silicate products in the pharmaceutical field. References: ISBN:

12 [1] United states Pharmacopeia and national formuary (USP30-NF25: Vol.1, p.664). Rockville, MD: US Pharmacopoeia Convention, [2] I. Rashid, M. Al-Remawi, A. Efttaiha, and A. Badwan, Chitin-silicon dioxide co-precipitate as a novel superdisintegrant. Journal of Pharm. Sci., 97 (11), 2008, pp [3] N. Zhao, L. Augsburger, The influence of granulation on superdisintegrant performance. Pharm. Dev. Technol, 11(1), 2006, pp [4] A. Badwan, M. Al-Remawi, (2007). Chitosan-silicon dioxide corprecipitate as an excipient in solid dosage forms. Eur. Pat. Appl., 23. Jordan: The Jordanian Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Co. [5] I. Rashid, N. Daraghmeh, M. Al- Remawi, S. Leharne, B. Chowdhry, A. Badwan, Characterization of Chitin- Metal Silicate as Binding superdisintegrants. Journal of Pharm. Sci., 98 (12), 2009, pp ISBN:

Formulation and Evaluation

Formulation and Evaluation Chapter-5 Formulation and Evaluation 5.1 OBJECTIVE After successful taste masking and solubility enhancement of drugs in preliminary studies, by using Mannitol Solid Dispersion, next step includes the

More information

Application of Starches, Modified Starches and Starch Derivatives in Pharmaceutical Products

Application of Starches, Modified Starches and Starch Derivatives in Pharmaceutical Products 57. Starch Convention, Detmold, April 26-28, 2006 K.-J. Steffens Application of Starches, Modified Starches and Starch Derivatives in Pharmaceutical Products Starches, Pharmaceutical Applications _ Starches

More information

DESIGN AND EVALUATION OF CONTROLLED RELEASE MATRIX TABLETS OF FLURBIPROFEN

DESIGN AND EVALUATION OF CONTROLLED RELEASE MATRIX TABLETS OF FLURBIPROFEN Int. J. Chem. Sci.: 10(4), 2012, 2199-2208 ISSN 0972-768X www.sadgurupublications.com DESIGN AND EVALUATION OF CONTROLLED RELEASE MATRIX TABLETS OF FLURBIPROFEN K. V. R. N. S. RAMESH *, B. HEMA KIRNAMAYI

More information

Direct Compression. With the right ingredients it s a simple, cost-effective manufacturing process

Direct Compression. With the right ingredients it s a simple, cost-effective manufacturing process Direct With the right ingredients it s a simple, cost-effective manufacturing process TM Trademark of The Dow Chemical Company ( Dow ) or an affiliated company of Dow Speed and savings sounds good to us

More information

Short Communication. Formulation of Furosemide Dispersible Tablets for Use in Paediatrics V. V. ABWOVA, P. N. MBEO, L. J. TIROP AND K. A. M.

Short Communication. Formulation of Furosemide Dispersible Tablets for Use in Paediatrics V. V. ABWOVA, P. N. MBEO, L. J. TIROP AND K. A. M. 61 East and Central African Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Vol. 18 (2015) 61-66 Short Communication Formulation of Furosemide Dispersible Tablets for Use in Paediatrics V. V. ABWOVA, P. N. MBEO, L.

More information

FLORITER. New Technology for Innovative Formulation Design.

FLORITER. New Technology for Innovative Formulation Design. FLORITER New Technology for Innovative Formulation Design www.tomitaph.co.jp FLORITE Dramatically Change Your Formulation FLORITE is synthetic Calcium Silicate with exceptional liquid absorbency and excellent

More information

Continuous Granulation Using a Twin-Screw Extruder. Lin Zhu, Ph.D. Manufacture Science and Technology AbbVie June, 2016

Continuous Granulation Using a Twin-Screw Extruder. Lin Zhu, Ph.D. Manufacture Science and Technology AbbVie June, 2016 Continuous Granulation Using a Twin-Screw Extruder Lin Zhu, Ph.D. Manufacture Science and Technology AbbVie June, 2016 What is a twin screw extruder and how to use it for continuous granulation? Dry feed:

More information

Development and evaluation of a novel, multifunctional, coprocessed excipient via roller compaction of α-lactose Monohydrate and Magnesium Silicate.

Development and evaluation of a novel, multifunctional, coprocessed excipient via roller compaction of α-lactose Monohydrate and Magnesium Silicate. Development and evaluation of a novel, multifunctional, coprocessed excipient via roller compaction of α-lactose Monohydrate and Magnesium Silicate. Faisal Al-Akayleh a, Mustafa AL-Mishlab a, Mohammed

More information

Narrowing the gap between clinical capsule formulations and commercial film-coated tablets

Narrowing the gap between clinical capsule formulations and commercial film-coated tablets Narrowing the gap between clinical capsule formulations and commercial film-coated tablets Based on formulation simplicity and blinding capability, hard gelatin capsules are preferrable compared with other

More information

STARCH Proven and Trusted Excipient for Performance and Versatility EXCIPIENTS. Effective and economical disintegrant

STARCH Proven and Trusted Excipient for Performance and Versatility EXCIPIENTS. Effective and economical disintegrant EXCIPIENTS STARCH 1500 Proven and Trusted Excipient for Performance and Versatility Effective and economical disintegrant Excellent stability for moisture sensitive drugs Manufactured exclusively for the

More information

Content Uniformity of Direct Compression tablets

Content Uniformity of Direct Compression tablets Content Uniformity of Direct Compression tablets Contents 1 Summary 4 2 Introduction 4 3 The role of drug particle size 4 4 The role of mixing strategy 5 5 The role of excipients 5 6 Laboratory data 6

More information

Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research, 2012, 4(6): Research Article. Studies on Carica Papaya Starch as a Pharmaceutical Excipient

Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research, 2012, 4(6): Research Article. Studies on Carica Papaya Starch as a Pharmaceutical Excipient Available online www.jocpr.com Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research, 2012, 4(6):3134-3138 Research Article ISSN : 0975-7384 CODEN(USA) : JCPRC5 Studies on Carica Papaya Starch as a Pharmaceutical

More information

Formulation Development of Aceclofenac Tablets Employing Starch Phosphate -A New Modified Starch

Formulation Development of Aceclofenac Tablets Employing Starch Phosphate -A New Modified Starch Abstract K.P.R. Chowdary et al. / International Journal of Pharma Sciences and Research (IJPSR) Formulation Development of Aceclofenac Tablets Employing Starch Phosphate -A New Modified Starch K.P.R. Chowdary*,

More information

Evaluation of Terminalia randii Baker F. gum as a disintegrant in paracetamol tablet formulation

Evaluation of Terminalia randii Baker F. gum as a disintegrant in paracetamol tablet formulation Available online www.jocpr.com Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research, 2014, 6(10):155-159 Research Article ISSN : 0975-7384 CODEN(USA) : JCPRC5 Evaluation of Terminalia randii Baker F. gum as

More information

STARCH Application Data

STARCH Application Data STARCH 1500 Application Data Partially Pregelatinized Maize Starch Starch 1500, Partially Pregelatinized Maize Starch, Used as a Binder Disintegrant in High Shear Wet Granulation Comparison to Povidone

More information

REVISION OF MONOGRAPH ON TABLETS. Tablets

REVISION OF MONOGRAPH ON TABLETS. Tablets March 2011 REVISION OF MONOGRAPH ON TABLETS Final text for addition to The International Pharmacopoeia This monograph was adopted by the Forty-fourth WHO Expert Committee on Specifications for Pharmaceutical

More information

Re-compaction properties of lactose and microcrystalline cellulose

Re-compaction properties of lactose and microcrystalline cellulose Re-compaction properties of lactose and microcrystalline cellulose Individual excipients MCC Starch Lactose Inhalation Superdisintegrants SuperTab 21AN (anhydrous lactose) is the preferred form of lactose

More information

Evaluation of different binders for roller compaction R. Wang, W. Liu, T. Durig

Evaluation of different binders for roller compaction R. Wang, W. Liu, T. Durig PHARMACEUTICAL THNOLOGY REPORT Consumer Specialties ashland.com PTR 11 Page 1 of 5 Evaluation of different binders for roller compaction R. Wang, W. Liu, T. Durig Objectives When preparing tablets by roller

More information

Int. Res J Pharm. App Sci., 2014; 4(1):47-51 ISSN:

Int. Res J Pharm. App Sci., 2014; 4(1):47-51 ISSN: International Research Journal of Pharmaceutical and Applied Sciences (IRJPAS) Available online at www.irjpas.com Int. Res J Pharm. App Sci., 2014; 4(1):47-51 Research Article FORMULATION AND EVALUATION

More information

DEVELOPMENT OF NON SODIUM EFFERVESCENT TABLET OF PARACETAMOL USING ARGININE CARBONATE

DEVELOPMENT OF NON SODIUM EFFERVESCENT TABLET OF PARACETAMOL USING ARGININE CARBONATE IJPSR (2013), Vol. 4, Issue 5 (Research Article) Received on 17 July, 2012; received in revised form, 23 February, 2013; accepted, 14 April, 2013 DEVELOPMENT OF NON SODIUM EFFERVESCENT TABLET OF PARACETAMOL

More information

Addendum to the 2016 FAO/WHO Manual on pesticide specifications: revised Tablet Specifications for DT, ST and WT

Addendum to the 2016 FAO/WHO Manual on pesticide specifications: revised Tablet Specifications for DT, ST and WT Addendum to the 2016 FAO/WHO Manual on pesticide specifications: revised Tablet Specifications for DT, ST and WT Introductory Note: The revised model specifications for tablets (ST, WT, DT) have been jointly

More information

Formulation and evaluation of immediate release salbutamol sulphate

Formulation and evaluation of immediate release salbutamol sulphate 5 Formulation, optimization and evaluation of immediate release layer of salbutamol sulphate Salbutamol is moderately selective beta (2)-receptor agonist similar in structure to terbutaline and widely

More information

Plastcompactors Series HV

Plastcompactors Series HV Plastcompactors Series HV Plastcompactor HV 50 Agglomeration of powders, fibres, film and foam materials Drying of powders, fibres, film and foam materials Re-crystallisation of PET flakes Compounding

More information

(12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2003/ A1

(12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2003/ A1 US 2003.01.18647A1 (19) United States (12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2003/0118647 A1 Seth (43) Pub. Date: (54) EXTENDED RELEASE TABLET OF Publication Classification METFORMIN (51)

More information

Studies on Curcuma angustifolia Starch as a Pharmaceutical Excipient

Studies on Curcuma angustifolia Starch as a Pharmaceutical Excipient International Journal of PharmTech Research CODEN (USA): IJPRIF ISSN : 0974-4304 Vol.2, No.4, pp 2456-2460, Oct-Dec 2010 Studies on Curcuma angustifolia Starch as a Pharmaceutical Excipient P.RAJEEVKUMAR

More information

CONTENTS PAGE. Please note: Preface Matrix system Selection of METOLOSE grades Specifications

CONTENTS PAGE. Please note: Preface Matrix system Selection of METOLOSE grades Specifications Hypromellose CONTENTS PAGE 2 Preface Matrix system Selection of METOLOSE grades Specifications Properties Powder Solution Application Related Patents 3 4-5 6 8 10 13 14 17 Please note: The information

More information

Wettable Magnesium Stearate. What Are Customers Looking for in Selecting Pharmaceutical Lubricants?

Wettable Magnesium Stearate. What Are Customers Looking for in Selecting Pharmaceutical Lubricants? Wettable Magnesium Stearate Presented By: Richard Pudlo P.E. Principal Chemical Engineer April 29 th, 2015 What Are Customers Looking for in Selecting Pharmaceutical Lubricants? Meet USP/.NF monograph

More information

Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research

Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research Available on line www.jocpr.com Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research ISSN No: 0975-7384 CODEN(USA): JCPRC5 J. Chem. Pharm. Res., 2011, 3(3):481-488 Some Pharmacopoeial and Diluent-Binder Properties

More information

Development and evaluation of controlled release mucoadhesive tablets of Tramadol Hydrochloride

Development and evaluation of controlled release mucoadhesive tablets of Tramadol Hydrochloride Development and evaluation of controlled release mucoadhesive tablets of Tramadol Hydrochloride R. Margret Chandira*, C.M. Sahu and B. Jayakar Department of Pharmaceutics Vinayaka Mission s College of

More information

REGULATORY PERSPECTIVE. Dr. Raghunandan H V Associate Professor JSSCP, JSSU, Mysore

REGULATORY PERSPECTIVE. Dr. Raghunandan H V Associate Professor JSSCP, JSSU, Mysore 1 REGULATORY PERSPECTIVE Dr. Raghunandan H V Associate Professor JSSCP, JSSU, Mysore Contents 2 1. Role of Dissolution Testing in Generic Drug Approval 2. Dissolution Testing Recommendation for Solid Oral

More information

LubriTose Mannitol Michael Crowley, Director of R&D, Excipients

LubriTose Mannitol Michael Crowley, Director of R&D, Excipients LubriTose Mannitol Michael Crowley, Director of R&D, Excipients Introduction Michael Crowley Director of R&D Excipients 158 St. Highway 320 Norwich, NY 13815 PH 315-802-5970 Michael.Crowley@Kerry.com 2

More information

FABRICATION AND EVALUATION OF GLIMEPIRIDE CORDIA DICHOTOMA G.FORST FRUIT MUCILAGE SUSTAINED RELEASE MATRIX TABLETS

FABRICATION AND EVALUATION OF GLIMEPIRIDE CORDIA DICHOTOMA G.FORST FRUIT MUCILAGE SUSTAINED RELEASE MATRIX TABLETS Int. J. Chem. Sci.: 7(4), 2009, 2555-2560 FABRICATION AND EVALUATION OF GLIMEPIRIDE CORDIA DICHOTOMA G.FORST FRUIT MUCILAGE SUSTAINED RELEASE MATRIX TABLETS HINDUSTAN ABDUL AHAD *, B. PRADEEP KUMAR, C.

More information

Assessment of Low Dose Content Uniformity of Indomethacin in Excipient Blends Using FT-Raman Mapping Spectroscopy

Assessment of Low Dose Content Uniformity of Indomethacin in Excipient Blends Using FT-Raman Mapping Spectroscopy Starch 1500 Application Data Partially Pregelatinized Maize Starch Assessment of Low Dose Content Uniformity of Indomethacin in Excipient Blends Using FT-Raman Mapping Spectroscopy OBJECTIVE To characterize

More information

The binding performance of DFE Pharma Starch

The binding performance of DFE Pharma Starch The binding performance of DFE Pharma Starch MCC Starch Lactose Inhalation Superdisintegrants We are DFE Pharma We are the global leader in excipient solutions. We develop, produce and market excipients

More information

Compression and Mechanical Properties of Tablet Formulations

Compression and Mechanical Properties of Tablet Formulations Compression and Mechanical Properties of Tablet Formulations Containing Corn, Sweet, and Starches as Binders O.A. Odeku*, O.O. Awe, B. Popoola, M.A. Odeniyi, and O.A. Itiola The authors study the effects

More information

Available online through

Available online through Research Article Available online through www.ijrap.net DESIGN AND EVALUATION OF LOW COST DIRECTLY COMPRESSIBLE EXCIPIENTS Swamy P. V. *, Patil A. N., Shirsand S. B., Amitkumar T., Laeeq Farhana H.K.E

More information

Asian Journal of Pharmacy and Life Science ISSN Vol. 2 (2), July-Sept,2012

Asian Journal of Pharmacy and Life Science ISSN Vol. 2 (2), July-Sept,2012 STUDIES ON EFFECT OF SUPERDISINTEGRANTS ON ETORICOXIB TABLET FORMULATIONS Chowdary K. P. R 1, Venugopal. K *2 1 College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Andhra University, Vishakapattanam. 2 * Nirmala college

More information

STABILITY STUDIES OF FORMULATED CONTROLLED RELEASE ACECLOFENAC TABLETS

STABILITY STUDIES OF FORMULATED CONTROLLED RELEASE ACECLOFENAC TABLETS Int. J. Chem. Sci.: 8(1), 2010, 405-414 STABILITY STUDIES OF FORMULATED CONTROLLED RELEASE ACECLOFENAC TABLETS V. L. NARASAIAH, T. KARTHIK KUMAR, D. SRINIVAS, K. SOWMYA, P. L. PRAVALLIKA and Sk. Md. MOBEEN

More information

Lactose Free, Direct Compression Formulation Used to Produce Loratadine (10 mg) Tablets

Lactose Free, Direct Compression Formulation Used to Produce Loratadine (10 mg) Tablets Technical Data Direct Compression Loratadine Formulation Lactose Free, Direct Compression Formulation Used to Produce Loratadine (10 mg) Tablets INTRODUCTION Loratadine is a popular over-the-counter, nonsedating

More information

Technical brochure StarLac

Technical brochure StarLac T R TABLETING AC DIRECT COMPRESSION CO-PROCESSED LACTOSE Technical brochure MEGGLE co-processed lactose grades for direct compression: General information Direct compression (DC) tablet manufacture is

More information

FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF VALSARTAN TABLETS EMPLOYING CYCLODEXTRIN-POLOXAMER 407-PVP K30 INCLUSION COMPLEXES

FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF VALSARTAN TABLETS EMPLOYING CYCLODEXTRIN-POLOXAMER 407-PVP K30 INCLUSION COMPLEXES Int. J. Chem. Sci.: 10(1), 2012, 297-305 ISSN 0972-768X www.sadgurupublications.com FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF VALSARTAN TABLETS EMPLOYING CYCLODEXTRIN-POLOXAMER 407-PVP K30 INCLUSION COMPLEXES K. P.

More information

Design and development of fast Melting Tablets of Terbutaline Sulphate

Design and development of fast Melting Tablets of Terbutaline Sulphate Design and development of fast Melting Tablets of Terbutaline Sulphate Mathew T and Agrawal S Swami Vivekanand College of Pharmacy, Khandwa Road, Indore (MP), INDIA Available online at: www.isca.in (Received

More information

21 st Century Challenges in Fertilizer Coatings

21 st Century Challenges in Fertilizer Coatings 21 st Century Challenges in Fertilizer Coatings Mark Ogzewalla, Technical Manager ARRMAZ Mulberry, Florida, USA DUSTROL GALORYL Definition: Coating is a surface treatment applied to solid fertilizers Solid

More information

SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION

SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION 8 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS In spite of the many challenges faced by researchers while designing an effective, reproducible and stable dosage form, oral dosage forms continued to maintain

More information

7. SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

7. SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS 211 7. SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS Drug absorption from the gastro intestinal tract can be limited by various factors with the most common one being poor aqueous solubility and poor permeability

More information

372 J App Pharm Vol. 6; Issue 4: ; October, 2014 Moazzem et al, 2014

372 J App Pharm Vol. 6; Issue 4: ; October, 2014 Moazzem et al, 2014 372 J App Pharm Vol. 6; Issue 4: 372-379; October, 2014 Moazzem et al, 2014 Original Research Article EFFECT OF SUPERDISINTEGRATING AGENT ON THE RELEASE OF METFORMIN HCl FROM IMMEDIATE RELEASE TABLETS

More information

Research Article. Chemical equivalence three brands of Aspirin sold in Sokoto State

Research Article. Chemical equivalence three brands of Aspirin sold in Sokoto State Available online www.jocpr.com Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research, 2015, 7(2):47-51 Research Article ISSN : 0975-7384 CODEN(USA) : JCPRC5 Chemical equivalence three brands of Aspirin sold

More information

Performance of starch obtained from Dioscorea dumetorium as disintegrant in sodium salicylate tablets

Performance of starch obtained from Dioscorea dumetorium as disintegrant in sodium salicylate tablets African Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology Vol. 2(3). pp. 52-58, May, 8 Available online http://www.academicjournals.org/ajpp ISSN 1996-816 8 Academic Journals Full Length Research Paper Performance

More information

Formulation and evaluation of oro-dispersible tablets of lafutidine

Formulation and evaluation of oro-dispersible tablets of lafutidine Available online at www.scholarsresearchlibrary.com Scholars Research Library Der Pharmacia Lettre, 2015, 7 (5):226-235 (http://scholarsresearchlibrary.com/archive.html) ISSN 0975-5071 USA CODEN: DPLEB4

More information

Hydrodynamic Robustness of Hypromellose and Methylcellulose Based Modified Release Matrix Systems D. Tewari, R. K. Lewis, W. W. Harcum and T Dürig

Hydrodynamic Robustness of Hypromellose and Methylcellulose Based Modified Release Matrix Systems D. Tewari, R. K. Lewis, W. W. Harcum and T Dürig PHARMACEUTICAL TECHNOLOGY REPORT Consumer Specialties ashland.com PTR-069-1 (Supersedes PTR-069) Page 1 of 8 Hydrodynamic Robustness of Hypromellose and Methylcellulose Based Modified Release Matrix Systems

More information

Excipient Considerations for Continuous Manufacturing Implementation

Excipient Considerations for Continuous Manufacturing Implementation Excipient Considerations for Continuous Manufacturing Implementation FDA-PQRI Conference March 22-24, 2017 David R. Schoneker Director of Global Regulatory Affairs Email: dschoneker@colorcon.com 1 Continuous

More information

Available online Research Article

Available online   Research Article Available online www.jocpr.com Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research, 26, 8(2):7-7 Research Article ISSN : 975-7384 CODEN(USA) : JCPRC5 Optimization of directly compressible mixtures of microcrystalline

More information

Pharma & Food Solutions. POLYOX TM Water Soluble Resins Combining Flexibility with Consistency

Pharma & Food Solutions. POLYOX TM Water Soluble Resins Combining Flexibility with Consistency Pharma & Food Solutions POLYOX TM Water Soluble Resins Combining Flexibility with Consistency POLYOX 9-13 POLYOX 9-13 POLYOX * are nonionic poly (ethylene oxide) polymers that meet all the specifications

More information

905 UNIFORMITY OF DOSAGE UNITS

905 UNIFORMITY OF DOSAGE UNITS Change to read: 905 UNIFORMITY OF DOSAGE UNITS [ NOTE In this chapter, unit and dosage unit are synonymous. ] To ensure the consistency of dosage units, each unit in a batch should have a drug substance

More information

Research Article Preformulation Studies for Generic Omeprazole Magnesium Enteric Coated Tablets

Research Article Preformulation Studies for Generic Omeprazole Magnesium Enteric Coated Tablets Hindawi Publishing Corporation BioMed Research International Volume 215, Article ID 3732, 9 pages http://dx.doi.org/1.1155/215/3732 Research Article Preformulation Studies for Generic Omeprazole Magnesium

More information

Formulation and In-vitro Evaluation of Chewable Tablets of Montelukast Sodium

Formulation and In-vitro Evaluation of Chewable Tablets of Montelukast Sodium Available online on www.ijddt.com International Journal of Drug Delivery Technology 214; (3); 98-13 Research Article ISSN: 97 441 Formulation and In-vitro Evaluation of Chewable Tablets of Montelukast

More information

A FACTORIAL STUDY ON THE ENHANCEMENT OF DISSOLUTION RATE OF KETOPROFEN BY SOLID DISPERSION IN COMBINED CARRIERS

A FACTORIAL STUDY ON THE ENHANCEMENT OF DISSOLUTION RATE OF KETOPROFEN BY SOLID DISPERSION IN COMBINED CARRIERS Research Article A FACTORIAL STUDY ON THE ENHANCEMENT OF DISSOLUTION RATE OF KETOPROFEN BY SOLID DISPERSION IN COMBINED CARRIERS K. P. R. Chowdary *, Tanniru Adinarayana, T. Vijay, Mercy. R. Prabhakhar

More information

Evaluation of native and modified starch dispersions in mucilage obtained from sweet potato in ascorbic acid chewable tablet formulations

Evaluation of native and modified starch dispersions in mucilage obtained from sweet potato in ascorbic acid chewable tablet formulations World Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences ISSN (Print): 2321-3310; ISSN (Online): 2321-3086 Published by Atom and Cell Publishers All Rights Reserved Available online at: http://www.wjpsonline.org/ Original

More information

EUDRAGIT E 100, EUDRAGIT E PO and

EUDRAGIT E 100, EUDRAGIT E PO and Technical Information EUDRAGIT E 100, and Specification and Test Methods Ph. Eur. USP/NF JPE Basic Butylated Methacrylate Copolymer Amino Methacrylate Copolymer - NF Aminoalkyl Methacrylate Copolymer E

More information

Properties of Oxidized Cassava Starch as Influenced by Oxidant Concentration and Reaction Time

Properties of Oxidized Cassava Starch as Influenced by Oxidant Concentration and Reaction Time Properties of Oxidized Cassava Starch as Influenced by Oxidant Concentration and Reaction Time P-STARCH-26 Kunruedee Sangseethong 1 and Klanarong Sriroth 2,3 1 Cassava and Starch Technology Research Unit,

More information

Primellose is an excellent choice as superdisintegrant in ODT applications

Primellose is an excellent choice as superdisintegrant in ODT applications Primellose is an excellent choice as superdisintegrant in ODT applications MCC Starch Lactose Inhalation Superdisintegrants Summary In orally disintegrating tablets, the excipients of choice in direct

More information

J.Ayyappan et al, /J. Pharm. Sci. & Res. Vol.2 (7), 2010,

J.Ayyappan et al, /J. Pharm. Sci. & Res. Vol.2 (7), 2010, Development and Evaluation of a Directly Compressible Co-processed Multifunction Sustained Release Agent for Gliclazide Sustained Release Tablets J. Ayyappan* 1, P.Umapathi 1, Darlin Quine 2 1 Department

More information

VIVAPHARM PVP/VA. Copovidone, Ph.Eur. USP/NF, JPE, E. The Ultimate Tablet Binder for All Processing Technologies

VIVAPHARM PVP/VA. Copovidone, Ph.Eur. USP/NF, JPE, E. The Ultimate Tablet Binder for All Processing Technologies VIVAPHARM PVP/VA Copovidone, Ph.Eur. USP/NF, JPE, E 1208, FCC The Ultimate Tablet Binder for All Processing Technologies Direct Compression Dry Granulation Hot Melt Extrusion Wet Granulation VIVAPHARM

More information

Vinod Doharey et al, /J. Pharm. Sci. & Res. Vol.2(2), 2010, 64-68

Vinod Doharey et al, /J. Pharm. Sci. & Res. Vol.2(2), 2010, 64-68 ISSN:975-1459 Vinod Doharey et al, /J. Pharm. Sci. & Res. Vol.2(2), 21, 64-68 The permutation role of fenugreek seeds starch and Gunda glue as a binder in Paracetamol tablets Vinod Doharey* and Nisha Sharma

More information

Disintegrant activities of natural and pregelatinized trifoliate yams, rice and corn starches in paracetamol tablets

Disintegrant activities of natural and pregelatinized trifoliate yams, rice and corn starches in paracetamol tablets ISSN: 2231-3354 Received on: 01-11-2011 Revised on: 12:11:2011 Accepted on: 06-12-2011 Disintegrant activities of natural and pregelatinized trifoliate yams, rice and corn starches in paracetamol tablets

More information

Effects of cassava crush size and variety on starch extraction efficiency

Effects of cassava crush size and variety on starch extraction efficiency Effects of cassava crush size and variety on starch extraction efficiency Ruenrom Lerdlattaporn 1, Montira Nopharatana 1 and Warinthorn Songkasiri 2* 1 Department of Food Engineering, King Mongkut s University

More information

Formulation And Evaluation Of Flurbiprofen Matrix Tablets For Colon Targeting

Formulation And Evaluation Of Flurbiprofen Matrix Tablets For Colon Targeting Formulation And Evaluation Of Flurbiprofen Matrix Tablets For Colon Targeting Biresh Kumar Sarkar* 1, Devananda Jain 1, Mamta Parwal 2 1. Bhagwant University, Dept.of Pharmaceutical Tech and Sciences,

More information

The unlocked synergy of DFE Pharma MCC

The unlocked synergy of DFE Pharma MCC The unlocked synergy of DFE Pharma MCC We are DFE Pharma We are the global leader in excipient solutions. We develop, produce and market excipients for oral solid dose and dry powder inhalation formulations.

More information

Formulation and evaluation of sublingual tablets of lisinopril

Formulation and evaluation of sublingual tablets of lisinopril Journal of GROVER Scientific & Industrial AGARWAL: Research FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF SUBLINGUAL TABLETS OF LISINOPRIL Vol. 71, June 2012, pp. 413-417 413 Formulation and evaluation of sublingual tablets

More information

EVALUATON OF BARLEY HORDEUM VULGARE STARCH AS TABLET DISINTEGRANT

EVALUATON OF BARLEY HORDEUM VULGARE STARCH AS TABLET DISINTEGRANT International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences ISSN- 975-1491 Vol 3 Suppl 3, 211 Research Article EVALUATON OF BARLEY HORDEUM VULGARE STARCH AS TABLET DISINTEGRANT *H.MUSA, S.N. OCHU, P.G.BHATIA

More information

STUDIES ON EFFECT OF BINDERS ON ETORICOXIB TABLET FORMULATIONS

STUDIES ON EFFECT OF BINDERS ON ETORICOXIB TABLET FORMULATIONS Int. J. Chem. Sci.: 10(4), 2012, 1934-1942 ISSN 0972-768X www.sadgurupublications.com STUDIES ON EFFECT OF BINDERS ON ETORICOXIB TABLET FORMULATIONS K. VENUGOPAL * and K. P. R. CHOWDARY a Nirmala College

More information

A Comparative Evaluation of Cross Linked Starch Urea-A New Polymer and Other Known Polymers for Controlled Release of Diclofenac

A Comparative Evaluation of Cross Linked Starch Urea-A New Polymer and Other Known Polymers for Controlled Release of Diclofenac Asian Journal of Chemistry Vol. 22, No. 6 (2010), 4239-4244 A Comparative Evaluation of Cross Linked Starch Urea-A New Polymer and Other Known Polymers for Controlled Release of Diclofenac K.P.R. CHOWDARY*

More information

Packing and cohesive properties of some locally extracted starches

Packing and cohesive properties of some locally extracted starches Research Article Itiola and Odeku Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, June 2005; 4 (1): 363-368 Pharmacotherapy Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria. All rights

More information

Distribution of low dose drugs in granules: Influence of method of incorporation

Distribution of low dose drugs in granules: Influence of method of incorporation Available online at www.scholarsresearchlibrary.com Scholars Research Library Archives of Applied Science Research, 2011, 3 (3):241-245 (http://scholarsresearchlibrary.com/archive.html) ISSN 0975-508X

More information

INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PHARMACY ISSN Research Article

INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PHARMACY  ISSN Research Article INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PHARMACY www.irjponline.com ISSN 2230 8407 Research Article FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF IMMEDIATE RELEASE VENLAFAXINE HCL TABLETS: COMPARATIVE STUDY OF SUPER DISINTEGRANT

More information

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL AND CHEMICAL SCIENCES

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL AND CHEMICAL SCIENCES Research Article Formulation, Development and Evaluation of Fast Dissolving Tablet of Salbutamol Sulphate by Using Superdisintegrants of Various Concentrations Santosh K 1 *, Meenakshi B 2 and Jyoti M

More information

TECHNICAL INFORMATION RxCIPIENTS FM A versatile excipient for orally disintegrating tablet (ODT) formulations

TECHNICAL INFORMATION RxCIPIENTS FM A versatile excipient for orally disintegrating tablet (ODT) formulations TECHNICAL INFORMATION 1426 RxCIPIENTS FM 1 A versatile excipient for orally disintegrating tablet (ODT) formulations Table of contents 1 Introduction 3 2 Mode of action and advantages of RxCIPIENTS FM

More information

KING KHALID UNIVERSITY

KING KHALID UNIVERSITY KING KHALID UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF PHARMACY DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACEUTICS COURSE SCHEDULE MALE SECTION SOLID DOSAGE FORMS FOR PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES/CLINICAL PHARMACY BY PROF DR MOHAMED FATHY Academic Session

More information

Evaluation of Millet (Pennisetum Glaucum And Pennisetum Americanum) Starches as Tablet Binders

Evaluation of Millet (Pennisetum Glaucum And Pennisetum Americanum) Starches as Tablet Binders Evaluation of Millet (Pennisetum Glaucum And Pennisetum Americanum) Starches as Tablet Binders *H. Musa,Y. Amodu,R.Oyi Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical

More information

Tablet is a major category of solid dosage forms which are widely used worldwide. Extensive information is required to prepare tablets with good

Tablet is a major category of solid dosage forms which are widely used worldwide. Extensive information is required to prepare tablets with good TABLET PRODUCTİON Tablet is a major category of solid dosage forms which are widely used worldwide. Extensive information is required to prepare tablets with good quality at high standards. Based on preformulation

More information

Available online Research Article

Available online   Research Article Available online www.jocpr.com Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research, 2014, 6(12):213-221 Research Article ISSN : 0975-7384 CODEN(USA) : JCPRC5 Formulation development and evaluation of metoprolol

More information

OCE TABLETING DIRECT COMPRESSION CO-PROCESSED LACTOSE. Technical brochure MicroceLac 100

OCE TABLETING DIRECT COMPRESSION CO-PROCESSED LACTOSE. Technical brochure MicroceLac 100 IC OCE TABLETING DIRECT COMPRESSION CO-PROCESSED LACTOSE AC Technical brochure MEGGLE co-processed lactose grades for direct compression: General information Direct compression (DC) tablet manufacture

More information

Critical material properties for the design of robust drug products : excipient functionality related characteristics

Critical material properties for the design of robust drug products : excipient functionality related characteristics Critical material properties for the design of robust drug products : excipient functionality related characteristics Dr Liz Meehan, Pharmaceutical Development, Macclesfield UK 1 Excipients Definition

More information

COMPARATIVE EFFECT OF DIFFERENT HIGH FUNCTIONALITY EXCIPIENTS ON VARIOUS CHARACTERISTICS OF VARDENAFIL HCL TABLETS (BCS II DRUG)

COMPARATIVE EFFECT OF DIFFERENT HIGH FUNCTIONALITY EXCIPIENTS ON VARIOUS CHARACTERISTICS OF VARDENAFIL HCL TABLETS (BCS II DRUG) IJPSR (2014), Vol. 5, Issue 12 (Research Article) Received on 27 April, 2014; received in revised form, 28 July, 2014; accepted, 08 August, 2014; published 01 December, 2014 COMPARATIVE EFFECT OF DIFFERENT

More information

LIQUID PREPARATIONS FOR ORAL USE. Final text for addition to The International Pharmacopoeia (November 2007)

LIQUID PREPARATIONS FOR ORAL USE. Final text for addition to The International Pharmacopoeia (November 2007) November 2007 LIQUID PREPARATIONS FOR ORAL USE Final text for addition to The International Pharmacopoeia (November 2007) This monograph was adopted at the Forty-second WHO Expert Committee on Specifications

More information

Volume: I: Issue-2: Aug-Oct ISSN NOVEL APPROACH IN FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF MOUTH DISSOLVING TABLETS OF ONDANSETRON HYDROCHLORIDE

Volume: I: Issue-2: Aug-Oct ISSN NOVEL APPROACH IN FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF MOUTH DISSOLVING TABLETS OF ONDANSETRON HYDROCHLORIDE Volume: I: Issue-2: Aug-Oct -2010 ISSN 0976-4550 NOVEL APPROACH IN FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF MOUTH DISSOLVING TABLETS OF ONDANSETRON HYDROCHLORIDE * Hindustan Abdul Ahad, Anuradha CM, Chitta Suresh

More information

Wherever life takes you BASF excipients for orally disintegrating tablets make medication easy

Wherever life takes you BASF excipients for orally disintegrating tablets make medication easy Wherever life takes you BASF excipients for orally disintegrating tablets make medication easy Dr. Philipp Hebestreit, an enabler in excipients Pharma Ingredients & Services. Welcome to more opportunities.

More information

STUDY OF THE DETERIORATION OF ASPIRIN IN THE PRESENCE OF VARIOUS EXCIPIENTS

STUDY OF THE DETERIORATION OF ASPIRIN IN THE PRESENCE OF VARIOUS EXCIPIENTS STUDY OF THE DETERIORATION OF ASPIRIN IN THE PRESENCE OF VARIOUS EXCIPIENTS D.L.D.A.N DAHANAYAKA, A. MUNISINGHE, D.T.U. ABEYTUNGA DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY, UNIVERSITY OF COLOMBO Abstract Aspirin is a non

More information

Formulation and evaluation of intraorally fast dissolving tablet of olmesartan medoxomil

Formulation and evaluation of intraorally fast dissolving tablet of olmesartan medoxomil Available online at www.scholarsresearchlibrary.com Scholars Research Library Der Pharmacia Lettre, 2013, 5 (1):232-237 (http://scholarsresearchlibrary.com/archive.html) ISSN 0975-5071 USA CODEN: DPLEB4

More information

DESIGN AND EVALUATION OF COST EFFECTIVE CONVENTIONAL TABLETS FROM MONECHMA CILIATUM SEEDS EXTRACT

DESIGN AND EVALUATION OF COST EFFECTIVE CONVENTIONAL TABLETS FROM MONECHMA CILIATUM SEEDS EXTRACT IJPSR (2013), Vol. 4, Issue 2 (Research Article) Received on 14 October, 2012; received in revised form, 26 November, 2012; accepted, 28 January, 2013 DESIGN AND EVALUATION OF COST EFFECTIVE CONVENTIONAL

More information

Biopharmaceutics Dosage form factors influencing bioavailability Lec:5

Biopharmaceutics Dosage form factors influencing bioavailability Lec:5 Biopharmaceutics Dosage form factors influencing bioavailability Lec:5 Ali Y Ali BSc Pharmacy MSc Industrial Pharmaceutical Sciences Dept. of Pharmaceutics School of Pharmacy University of Sulaimani 09/01/2019

More information

Asian Journal of Biochemical and Pharmaceutical Research

Asian Journal of Biochemical and Pharmaceutical Research ISSN: 2231-2560 Research Article Asian Journal of Biochemical and Pharmaceutical Research Design and Evaluation of Gastroretentive Floating Tablets of Dipyridamole: Influence of Formulation Variables A.

More information

AMENDMENTS TO THE SECOND REVISION OF THE FIRST EDITION OF THE MANUAL ON DEVELOPMENT AND USE OF FAO AND WHO SPECIFICATIONS FOR PESTICIDES

AMENDMENTS TO THE SECOND REVISION OF THE FIRST EDITION OF THE MANUAL ON DEVELOPMENT AND USE OF FAO AND WHO SPECIFICATIONS FOR PESTICIDES AMENDMENTS TO THE SECOND REVISION OF THE FIRST EDITION OF THE MANUAL ON DEVELOPMENT AND USE OF FAO AND WHO SPECIFICATIONS FOR PESTICIDES Page Current text Revised text Notes P.21 A. 10.1. WHO classification

More information

SUSTAINED RELEASE TABLETS USING A PVA DC FORMULATION RESISTANT TO ALCOHOL INDUCED DOSE DUMPING

SUSTAINED RELEASE TABLETS USING A PVA DC FORMULATION RESISTANT TO ALCOHOL INDUCED DOSE DUMPING SUSTAINED RELEASE TABLETS USING A PVA DC FORMULATION RESISTANT TO ALCOHOL INDUCED DOSE DUMPING Dr. Dieter Lubda MilliporeSigma is a business of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany Agenda: Sustained release

More information

Formulation and Evaluation of Glicazide Mouth Dissolving Tablets

Formulation and Evaluation of Glicazide Mouth Dissolving Tablets Research Article Vishakha S. Hastak*, Yogyata S. Pathare, Kiran C. Mahajan Department of Pharmaceutics, Shree Chanakya Education Society's Indira college of Pharmacy, Tathawade, Pune, Maharashtra, India.

More information

CHAPTER 5: FORMULATION OF SOLID DOSAGE FORM (TABLET & CAPSULES) INTRODUCTION

CHAPTER 5: FORMULATION OF SOLID DOSAGE FORM (TABLET & CAPSULES) INTRODUCTION CHAPTER 5: FORMULATION OF SOLID DOSAGE FORM (TABLET & CAPSULES) INTRODUCTION LEARNING OBJECTIVES The objectives of this unit are to: Understand the formulation of solid dosage form. Understand the characteristic

More information

INTRODUCTION ABSTRAK. Kata kunci: Murraya paniculata, tablet, Primojel, kompresi langsung, disintegrasi, ekstrak kering

INTRODUCTION ABSTRAK. Kata kunci: Murraya paniculata, tablet, Primojel, kompresi langsung, disintegrasi, ekstrak kering COMPARATIVE STUDY OF PRIMOJEL 2%, 5%, & 8% TO PHYSICAL CHARACTER- ISTICS OF TABLET FROM DRIED EXTRACT Murraya paniculata (L.) Jack LEAVES Uji perbandingan Primojel 2%, 5%, & 8% terhadap karakteristik fisik

More information

EFFECTS OF PROCESS VARIABLES ON THE CAKING TENDENCY OF PRILLED UREA IN THE WAREHOUSE OF UREA PRODUCTION PLANTS

EFFECTS OF PROCESS VARIABLES ON THE CAKING TENDENCY OF PRILLED UREA IN THE WAREHOUSE OF UREA PRODUCTION PLANTS Journal of the University of Chemical Bahman Technology ZareNezhad and Metallurgy, 42, 1, 2007, 45-50 EFFECTS OF PROCESS VARIABLES ON THE CAKING TENDENCY OF PRILLED UREA IN THE WAREHOUSE OF UREA PRODUCTION

More information

Atanda, P. O.,Akinlosotu, O. C., Oluwole O. O*.

Atanda, P. O.,Akinlosotu, O. C., Oluwole O. O*. International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, Volume 5, Issue 3, March-2014 362 Effect of Some Polysaccharide Starch Extracts on Binding Characteristics of Foundry Moulding Sand Atanda, P.

More information