Phylum Platyhelminthes

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1 Phylum Platyhelminthes Class? Dugesia (planaria, non-parasitic flatworm) Class? Liver fluke Class? Tapeworm

2 Phylum Platyhelminthes Class Turbellaria Dugesia (planaria, non-parasitic flatworm) Class Trematoda Liver fluke Class Cestoda Tapeworm

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4 Phylum Platyhelminthes, Class Trematoda (Flukes) Parasitic, GVC, protonephridia, monoecious

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6 Liver Fluke (Trematoda)

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8 Tapeworm (Cestoda) Proglottids? Scolex? Have protonephridia! Have NO digestive tract/no GVC (just diffusion) Lots of Gonads in each proglottid

9 Platyhelminthes How many germ layers? Is there a coelom? If not, what is there instead? Respiratory system? Circulatory System? Excretory System? Are there special types of cells used? What is their skeletal system? Is there a nervous system? If so, is there any cephalization? What type of reproduction do they use? How does their digestive system work? Where is waste expelled? What are the three classes? Which are free living or parasitic? Locomotion?

10 Platyhelminthes How many germ layers? Three Is there a coelem? If not, what is there instead? No, the mesodermal cells fills up the space Respiratory sytem? Diffusion Circulatory System? Distrubution of nutrients by the branches of the GVC and Diffusion Excretory System? Protonephridia Are there special types of cells used? Flame cells make fluid current What is their skeletal system? mesodermal derived cells of the parenchyma Is there a nervous system? ventral nerve ladder If so, is there any cephalization? some eyespots that only detect light What type of reproduction do they use? Asexual & sexual (donate sperm to each other) How does their digestive system work? Pharynx comes outside of mouth, "sucks" in the nutrients. Food is then pulled into the GVC and diffused out into cells; branching of the GVC distributes food everywhere (vascular function) Where is waste expelled? Mouth What are the three classes? Turbellaria, Trematoda, Cestoda Which are free living or parasitic? Turbellaria is the only free living Locomotion? Cilia and muscular contractions Can you draw the Platyhelminthes cladogram???? Cestoda and Trematoda have modified skin for parasitic life

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12 branching of the GVC indicated!

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17 What phylum is this organism in? Marine or Freshwater Which is ventral and dorsal?

18 What phylum is this organism in? Platyhelminthes Dorsal Marine or Freshwater Freshwater Which is ventral and dorsal? Ventral has cilia Ventral

19 Annelida Diversity

20 Annelida Diversity polychaeta Tubifex Oligochaeta Nereis Tube of a fan worm serpulid worm Feather Duster Polychaeta Feather Dusters (tube worm) sabbellid worm Polychaeta Nereis Tubifex (freshwater) oligochaeta Hirudinea Polychaeta Oligocheata Leeches hirdinea Fan worm (also a tube worm

21 Feather duster Polychaeta Nereis

22 ????

23 Phylum Annelida Class Polychaetes Nereis (clam/sand worm) Bristle worm Fan worm Sabellidae (feather duster) Serpulidae (tube worm) Class Oligochaetes Lumbricus (earthworm) Tubifex (sludgeworm) Class Hirudinea leech

24 Phylum Annelida Class Polychaetes Nereis (clam/sand worm) Bristle worm Fan worm Sabellidae (feather duster) Serpulidae (tube worm) Class Oligochaetes Lumbricus (earthworm) Tubifex (sludgeworm) Class Hirudinea leech

25 Nereis (sand worm or clam worm) Phylum Annelida, Class Polychaetes

26 Nereis (Sandworm) Phylum Annelida, Class Polychaetes

27 Bristle worm Phylum Annelida, Class Polychaetes

28 Nereis, Sandworm Phylum Annelida, Class Polychaetes

29 Serpulidae (Tube Worm) Phylum Annelida, Class Polychaetes

30 Serpulidae (Fan Worm = a tube worm) Phylum Annelida, Class Polychaetes tube made out of proteins and CaCO3 Tube can be "closed" to live high in tidal zone

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32 Sabellidae (Feather Duster) Phylum Annelida, Class Polychaetes Tube made out of proteins and sand grains (somewhat flexible)

33 Earthworm c.s.

34 Lumbricus (earthworm) Phylum Annelida, Class Oligochaetes Earthworm c.s.

35 Respiratory System? Any pigments? Circulatory System? Any major organs/ vessels? What is its skeletal system? How does it move? How many setae per segment? Digestive System? What is structure is analogous to the microvilli in humans? What structure is analogous to gastrolith in arthropods? What is the intestinal peritoneum made of? What do chloragogen cells do? What structure is that analogous to in rats? Does it have a nervous system? Any major nerve cords? If so, is there cephalization? How does it reproduce? If sexual, mono or diecious? What are the organs involved? How does it excrete waste? What are the layers outside of the coelom in an annelid?

36 Respiratory System? Diffusion Any pigments? Hemoglobin Circulatory System? Closed Circulatory Any major organs/ vessels? Ring like pseudo hearts, dorsal blood vessel What is its skeletal system? Hydraulic / hydrostatic How does it move? Muscular contractions (ring + circular) and anchoring with the setae How many setae per segment? Four setae per segment Digestive System? Pharynx Esophagus Crop Gizzard Intestine Anus What is structure is analogous to the microvilli in humans? typhosole What structure is analogous to gastrolith in arthropods? Calciferous glands What is the intestinal peritoneum made of? Chloragogen cells What do chloragogen cells do? Synthesize and store glycogen, detoxification What structure is that analogous to in rats? liver Does it have a nervous system? Yes Any major nerve cords? Ventral nerve cord If so, is there cephalization? Suprapharyngeal ganglion How does it reproduce? Sexual (some Annelida also asexuaxal) If sexual, mono or diecious? Monoecious What are the organs involved? Citellum offers mucus for sperm Three pairs of seminal vesicles that store mature sperm Two pairs of seminal receptacles (or spermatheca) to receive sperm How does it excrete waste? nephrostome (in septum), Metanephridia, nephridiopore (exit) What are the layers outside of the coelem in an annelid? Cuticle, thin epidermis, circular muscles, longitudinal muscles, coelomic lining

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38 Longitudinal muscles epidermis secretes cuticle Circular muscles lining of GI tract chloragogen cells dorsal blood vessel lumen of GI tract

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42 =nephrostome

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45 What do the seminal vesicles hold?

46 anterior and posterior Testes and ovary ventral under GI tract sperm stored in seminal vesicles

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52 esophagus posterior of pharynx in serum!

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58 chloragogen cells/ tissue seen in yellow dorsal on the intestine (liver-like function!)

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