Level and Pattern of Consumer Expenditure of Odisha:

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1 Level and Pattern of Consumer Expenditure of Odisha: District Level Results Based on Central & State Sample Pooled Data On Household Consumer Expenditure Of NSS 68 th Round ( ) Directorate of Economics & Statistics, Government of Odisha

2 Level and Pattern of Consumer Expenditure of Odisha: District Level Results Based on central and state samples pooled data On Household Consumer expenditure Of NSS 68th Round ( ) The NSS consumer expenditure survey aims at generating estimates of household s average monthly per capita consumer expenditure (MPCE), the distribution of households and persons over the MPCE range, and the break-up of average MPCE by commodity group(food and non-food), separately for the rural and urban sectors. The distribution of MPCE highlights the differences in level of living standard of the different segments of the population and is an effective tool to study the prevalence of poverty and inequality. These estimates thus enable the apex planning and decision-making process to allocate the nation s resources among sectors, regions, and socio-economic groups, and assess the inclusiveness of economic growth. Another important use of the Consumer Expenditure Surveys is to provide the budget shares of different commodity groups for the rural and urban population. Directorate of Economics and Statistics Government of Odisha

3 Smt. Usha Devi Hon ble Minister, Women and Child Development, Planning and Convergence Department, Government of Odisha Message The Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Odisha has brought out the report on Level and Pattern of Consumer Expenditure of Odisha: District level Results.This report is based on the data collected during the 68 th round survey of NSS ( ). The collected data is used to generate estimates of household monthly per capita consumer expenditure (MPCE), the distribution of households and persons over the MPCE range for rural and urban areas separately. The distribution of MPCE highlights the disparity in level of living of the different segments of the population by different economic classes.this report is very much useful in the planning and decision-making process. I wish to express my sincere gratitude to the NSSO, Government of India and DE&S. Odisha who have extended their whole hearted co-operation in furnishing the required data, on the basis of which the report has been brought out. I take this opportunity to congratulate officers and staff of DE&S, Odisha for their tireless efforts in bringing this report. I hope this report will be useful for further statistical exercises by various Government organizations, academicians, researchers and scholars. (Smt. Usha Devi)

4 Director, Economics &Statistics, Government of Odisha Bhubaneswar, , PREFACE The 68th round (July 2011-June 2012) of NSS was earmarked for survey on household consumer expenditure. The NSS consumer expenditure survey aims at generating estimates of average household monthly per capita consumer expenditure (MPCE), the distribution of households and persons over the MPCE range, and the break-up of average MPCE by commodity group, separately for the rural and urban sectors.des, Odisha has participated in NSS in matching sample basis since One of the objectives of States participation in the NSS programme is to provide a mechanism by which sample size would be increased and the pooling of the two sets of data can be done so as to enable better estimates at lower sub state level, particularly at district level. The necessity for pooling the Central and State sample data arose due to the growing need for improving the precision of estimates of policy parameters such as the incidence of poverty, State Domestic Product (SDP), District Domestic Product (DDP) etc., and for strengthening the database at district level required for decentralized governance. Odisha, DES, has prepared the pooled report on NSS 66th round on Household Consumer Expenditure, Employment and un-employment and for 67th round on GVAPW (Gross Value Added per worker).this is the third round i.e. 68 th round for which pooling exercise has been initiated by DES, Odisha under the guidance of NSSO. District level results has been estimated from the pooled data. The work done by the supervisors and field staff who worked tirelessly to make the survey a success, the devoted services of the report writers and all others who may have contributed in diverse ways to the success of the survey and the subsequent production of the report are duly acknowledged. The involved officers and staff of NSS division deserve special appreciation for their special interest to undertake pooling activity. Comments and Valuable Suggestions from the researchers and scholars for improvement of its content and coverage will be highly appreciated. Bhubaneswar Sri Dushasan Behera Director

5 Planning & Convergence Department has constituted a Technical Expert Committee for finalisation of NSS reports relating to state sample and pooled sample. Members of Technical Expert Committee: 1.Sri. K.P Mishra, Deputy Director General, (FOD), NSSO, Bhubaneswar. 2.Prof. (Dr.) Kunja Bihari Panda, HOD (Statistics), Utkal University, Vanivihar, Bhubaneswar. 3.Prof. (Dr.) Srijit Mishra, Director, Nabakrushna Choudhury Centre for Development Studies, Bhubaneswar. 4.Representative from XIMB,Bhubaneswar. 5.Expert, Poverty & Human Development Monitoring Agency( PHDMA), P&C Department. 6.Sri K.D. Sahoo, Director, Regional Institute of Planning and Applied Statistics(RIPAES),Bhubaneswar. Sri Dushasan Behera, Director, DES, Odisha is the chairman of the committee.

6 Officers & Staff involved for the preparation of the report Officers 1. Sri Benudhar Jena, Joint Director. 2. Sri Akshaya Kumar Routray, Deputy Director. 3. Dr. Sujata Priyambada Parida, Assistant Director. Staff 1. Sri Rashmi Ranjan Kanungo, Statistical Assistant. 2. Mrs Indira Garnaik, Statistical Assistant. 3. Mrs Parbati Barla, Statistical Investigator. 4. Sri Kambhu Kantha Mallick, Statistical Investigator. 5. Sri Gouranga Pradhan, Ex-Statistical Assistant.

7 Detail Involvement From Data Collection to Report Preparation 1. Field work State sample data collection by district level Primary workers and Supervisors. Field work of Central sample was conducted by Govt of India. 2. Data Entry and Validation (state sample) Primary Workers and Supervisors of District Planning & Monitoring Units of all 30 districts. 3. Data entry software Own software of DE&S developed by computer center and reformatted to DPD layout by NSS Division. 4. Estimation, pooling exercises and table generation (using software and guidelines provided by NSSO, Government of India). Dr. Sujata Priyambada Parida, Assistant Director. 5. Data Analysis and Report Writing Sri Rashmi Ranjan Kanungo, Statistical Assistant. Mrs Indira Garnaik, Statistical Assistant. 6. Report Verification All Officers of NSS Division, Internal committee of DES and Director, DES, Odisha. 7. Final Approval Members of Technical Expert Committee.

8 List of Tables CONTENT Page no i List of figures ii Abbreviations iii Executive Summary iv Chapter-I Introduction 1-4 Chapter-II Chapter-III Chapter-IV Sample Design, Concepts and Definitions Testing Poolabilty and Methodology for Pooling Household Consumer Expenditure Chapter-V Relative Standard Error (RSE) Chapter-VI Conclusion Appendix-A Estimation Procedure Appendix-B Annexure Tables Appendix-C Schedule 0.0 &

9 LIST OF TABLES Sl. Table Title No No CHAPTER_II No of sample FSU, Households and Persons Surveyed in Odisha District wise sample FSU surveyed in Odisha ( 68th Round ) CHAPTER_III (R) District wise result of run test for MPCE (URP, MRP, and MMRP) (U) District wise result of run test for MPCE (URP, MRP, MMRP) ( R ) District wise equality test for MPCE (URP, MRP, MMRP),Rural Odisha ( U ) District wise equality test for MPCE (URP, MRP, MMRP),Urban Odisha CHAPTER_IV Estimated no of households, population and sex ratio in Odisha Sector wise MPCE (in ) on food and non-food items for Odisha Urban Rural gap in Monthly Percapita Consumer Expenditure in Odisha Sector wise MPCE(MMRP) for each Social group Sector and quintile class wise MPCE (in ) based on MMRP method for Odisha Quintile class wise MPCE (in ) for food and non-food expenditure (MMRP) of Rural and Urban Odisha MPCE(MMRP) for each Household type in Rural Odisha MPCE(MMRP) for each Household type in Urban Odisha Composition of NSS Regions in Odisha Region wise MPCE(MMRP) by Sectors, in Odisha NSS round wise MPCE(MMRP) by region and sectors, in Odisha NSS round wise MPCE (in ) of food and non-food items by region Comparison of MPCE (MMRP) in Non-KBK and KBK region of Odisha NSS round wise percentage share of food and non-food expenditure in total expenditure in kbk & non-kbk regions of Odisha District wise MPCE ( ) in Odisha by Sectors R District wise MPCE (in ) of food and non-food items for rural Odisha U District wise MPCE (in ) of food and non-food items for urban Odisha CHAPTER_V District wise Relative Standard Error (RSE) by MR method on URP,MRP and MMRP for rural Odisha District wise Relative Standard Error (RSE) by MR method on URP,MRP and MMRP for urban Odisha Sector and District wise RSE by MR method on total expenditure i

10 LIST OF FIGURES CHAPTER_IV Sector wise Percentage distribution of MPCE on Food & Non-Food items in Odisha Percentage distribution of MPCE (MMRP) between the year & in Odisha Percentage share of MPCE on non-food items between the year & in Odisha Urban-Rural gap in MPCE(MMRP) for each Social group in Odisha Quintile Class Wise Percentage Share Of MPCE In Non-food Items For Odisha R Quintile Class wise Proportion Trend of MPCE (MMRP) on Non-Food in Rural Odisha U Quintile Class wise Proportion Trend of MPCE (MMRP) on Non-Food in Urban Odisha MPCE(MMRP) for each Household type in Rural Odisha MPCE(MMRP) for each Household type in Urban Odisha Sector wise MPCE(MMRP) of Odisha and India Region wise urban-rural gap(%) in MPCE(MMRP), Odisha Regional trend in MPCE(MMRP) for Odisha R Regional trend of non-food proportion in total expenditure (Rural Odisha) U Regional trend of non-food proportion in total expenditure (Urban Odisha) MPCE(MMRP) in KBK & Non-KBK Region of Odisha R Regional trend (KBK & Non-KBK) of non-food proportion in total expenditure for rural Odisha U Regional trend (KBK & Non-KBK ) of non-food proportion in total expenditure for urban Odisha R District wise MPCE(MMRP) in rural Odisha U District wise MPCE(MMRP) in urban Odisha R District wise Percentage distribution of MPCE (MMRP) in Food & Non-Food items for rural Odisha U District wise Percentage distribution of MPCE (MMRP) in Food & Non-Food items for urban Odisha R District wise Trend of MPCE (MMRP) on Non-Food in Rural Odisha U District wise Trend of MPCE (MMRP) on Non-Food in Urban Odisha. ii

11 Abbreviations Abbreviations CES CSO DES DPD SDRD FSU USU HG SB SSU NSC NSS NSSO MPCE MMRP MRP URP RSE Description Consumer Expenditure Survey Central Statistical Office Directorate of Economics and Statistics Data Processing Division Survey Design and Research Division First Stage Unit Ultimate Stage Unit Hamlet Group Sub Block Second Stage Unit National Statistical Commission National Sample Survey National Sample Survey Office Monthly Per-capita Consumer Expenditure Modified Mixed Reference Period Mixed Reference Period Uniform Reference Period Relative Standard Error iii

12 Executive summary Using the URP (Uniform Reference Period) method, average MPCE in the 68 th round was estimated as in rural and in Urban Odisha. Using the MRP (Mixed Reference Period) method, average MPCE was estimated as in rural and in Urban Odisha. Using the MMRP (Modified Mixed Reference Period) method, average MPCE was estimated as in rural and in Urban Odisha. In rural sector Cuttack ( ) had the highest MPCE (MMRP) followed by Khurda ( ) and Dhenkanal ( ). Average MPCE (MMRP) in rural Odisha was the lowest in Koraput ( ) preceded by Gajapati ( ) and Malkangiri ( ). Khurda ( ) and Angul ( ) were two districts with highest MPCE (MMRP) in the urban Sector In Urban Odisha MPCE (MMRP) was lowest in Rayagada district ( ) and preceded by Malkangiri district (i.e ). Food accounted for % share of expenditure for MPCE (MMRP) in rural Odisha during and for urban Odisha, about 44% was accounted for food. In rural areas of Nuapada and Rayagada districts, the share of expenditure MPCE (MMRP) on food items were % and % respectively followed by Nabarangpur with %. In rural areas of Odisha Khurda district had lower share of expenditure MPCE (MMRP) on food items with % preceded by Cuttack with 52.81% and Subarnapur with 53.11%. In urban sector of Odisha, the share of expenditure MPCE (MMRP) on food items was higher in Rayagada (59.64%) followed by Puri (57.6 %) and Ganjam (56.85%). Share of expenditure MPCE (MMRP) on food items was found low in Khurda preceded by (33.23%), Angul and Cuttack (43.03 %), Jharsuguda (44.34 %). iv

13 1 Introduction 1.1 Background of the survey The sixty-eighth round of NSS is devoted for collection of data on household consumer expenditure.the household consumer expenditure survey (CES) of NSSO is generally conducted at quinquennial intervals. This provides a series of CES s. Thus, "quinquennial" surveys on consumer expenditure were conducted in the 27th, 32nd, 38th, 43rd, 50th, 55th, 61st and 66th rounds of NSS, at roughly 5-year intervals. In its 32nd Meeting held on April 2010, the National Statistical Commission (NSC) considered the use of the NSSO quinquennial survey as the base year for both the price indices as well as revision of the national income estimates. The NSC felt that , being a non-normal year, it was desirable to repeat the survey once again in respect of consumer expenditure as well as employment-unemployment issues. In its 33rd Meeting held on May 2010, the NSC decided that the 68th Round of NSS would be devoted to repeating the quinquennial survey on consumer expenditure. Accordingly, the 66th round survey on consumer expenditure and employment unemployment was repeated in the 68th Round conducted in Objective of the survey The consumer expenditure survey aims at generating estimates of average household monthly per capita consumer expenditure (MPCE), the distribution of households and persons over the MPCE range, and the break-up of average MPCE by commodity group, separately for the rural and urban sectors. These indicators are amongst the most important measures of the level of living of the relevant domains of the population. The distribution of MPCE highlights the differences in level of living of the different segments of the population and is an effective tool to study the prevalence of poverty and inequality. These estimates thus enable the apex planning and decision-making 1

14 process to allocate the nation s resources among sectors, regions, and socioeconomic groups, and assess the inclusiveness of economic growth. Besides measurement of the level and the pattern of household consumption, another important use of the CES is to provide the budget shares of different commodity groups for the rural and urban population, which are used to prepare the weighing diagram for official consumer price indices (CPIs). Apart from these major uses of the CES, the food (quantity) consumption data are used to study the level of intake of different nutrients for populations of different regions and disparities therein. Further, the estimated budget shares of a commodity at different MPCE levels facilitates the study of consumption elasticity or responsiveness of demand for the commodity to change in purchasing power. 1.3 Background of pooling The National Sample Survey Office ( NSSO ) conducts nationwide sample surveys on various socio-economic issues with central sample and the State Odisha also participates in these surveys with equal matching sample basis called state sample. The National Sample Survey on household consumer expenditure provides data on level of living, pattern of consumption expenditure etc., which are being used for planning and policy decisions. But the NSSO or the State does not release sub-state level estimates mainly due to inadequate sample size and such estimates are subject to high variability. The development policies of Government and other agencies are now focused on the district level planning. The demands for district level estimates are increasing day by day. One of the prime objectives behind collection of data by the DES was that the two data sets, one collected by NSSO and another collected by DES, may be pooled together to get a better reliable estimates and benefit will be derived in the case of estimates at sub-state level like regions / districts. Therefore, pooling of central and state sample data may be considered as one way of tackling the problem of inadequate sample size for arriving at district level estimates. 2

15 1.4 Committee on Pooling Keeping in view the growing demand, National Statistical Commission (NSC) constituted a committee on Pooling of Central and State sample data of NSS under the Chairmanship of Prof. R. Radhakrishna. Vide order no. 8(64)/2010-NSC, 30th July, To examine various aspects of the pooling, four sub-groups were formed. Process related issues, timeliness of processing and timeframe for pooling, parameters need to be pooled were examined by the sub-group headed by Prof. D. Coondoo, along with the members Shri J. Poddar and representative members of the State Directorate of Economics and Statistics(DES). The sub-group headed by Dr Rajiv Mehta along with Dr G. M Boopathi dealt the matter relating to generating weighting diagrams from the pooled data at sub-state level for the purpose of construction of consumer price indices. The terms of reference of the committee are as follows:- Conditions to be fulfilled for pooling of Central and State Sample NSS data. Methodology for pooling. Time frame by which the exercise needs to be completed by each State. Generating weighting diagrams from the pooled data at sub-state level for the purpose of consumer price indices (Rural and Urban) including occupation specific indices such as CPIAL, CPIIW etc., from the NSS data on consumer expenditure surveys (quinquennial & thin sample). Identification of District level parameters. The Commission s recommendation: The State sample data should be processed regularly within a reasonable time after the completion of fieldwork and attempts should be made to obtain and utilize pooled estimates by combining central and state samples. 1.5 Contents of the report The present report is concerned with the level of consumer expenditure as measured by MPCE and consumption pattern as revealed in the break-up of MPCE over food and non-food expenditure. Results are provided separately for three different measures of MPCE (explained in Chapter II). 3

16 Following the present introductory chapter (Chapter I), Chapter 2 explains on the sample design, concepts and definitions followed in the survey and in this report. Chapter 3 presents on methodology of pooling and poolability test.the salient findings on level and pattern of consumer expenditure are presented in Chapter 4, mainly based on the MMRP measure of MPCE. Chapter 5 gives estimated relative standard errors of District-sector wise estimates of MPCE. Chapter 6 presents the conclusion part of the report. Appendix A explains on the estimation procedure followed in the survey.appendix B gives the detailed tables generated from the survey data. Appendix C consists listing schedule 0.0 and the enquiry Schedule 1.0, that were canvassed in the surveyed households. 4

17 2 Sample design, concepts & definitions 2.1 Overview The 68th round (July 2011-June 2012) of NSS is earmarked for surveys on Household Consumer Expenditure and Employment and Unemployment. The last survey on these subjects was conducted in 66th round of NSS ( ) which was the eighth quinquennial survey in the series on household consumer expenditure and employment and unemployment. The household consumer expenditure schedule ( Schedule 1.0 ) used for the survey collected information on quantity & value of household consumption. 2.2 Sample Design Outline of sample design: A stratified multi-stage design has been adopted for the 68th round survey. The first stage units (FSU) are the 2001 Census Villages in the rural sector and Urban Frame Survey (UFS) blocks in the urban sector treated as FSUs in the urban sector. The ultimate stage units (USU) are households in both the sectors. In case of large FSUs, one intermediate stage of sampling is the selection of two hamlet-groups (hgs)/ sub-blocks (sbs) from each rural/ urban FSU. For the rural sector, the list of 2001 census villages constitutes the sampling frame. For the urban sector, the list of latest available UFS blocks ( ) is considered as the sampling frame. For non-ufs towns, frame consists of the individual towns Stratification: Within each district two basic strata have been formed: i) rural stratum comprising of all rural areas of the district and (ii) urban stratum comprising of all the urban areas of the district Sub-stratification: Rural sector: If r be the sample size allocated for a rural stratum, the number of substrata formed will be r/4. The villages within a district as per frame will be first arranged in ascending order of population. Then sub-strata 1 to r/4 will be 5

18 demarcated in such a way that each sub-stratum will comprise a group of Villages of the arranged frame and have more or less equal population. Urban sector: If u be the sample size allocated for an urban stratum, u/4 number of substrata will be formed. In case u/4 is more than 1, implying formation of two or more sub-strata, this will be done by first arranging the towns in ascending order of the total number of households in the town as per UFS and then arranging the IV units of each town and blocks within each IV unit in ascending order of their numbers. From this arranged frame of UFS blocks of all the towns of a stratum, u/4 number of substrata will be formed in such a way that each sub-stratum will have more or less equal number of households as per UFS Allocation of total sample for Odisha: The total number of sample FSUs that has been allocated to Odisha is in proportion to population as per census A minimum of 16 FSUs (minimum 8 each for rural and urban sector separately) is allocated. While doing so, the resource availability in terms of field investigators are kept in view. Allocation to strata/ sub-strata: Within each sector of a State, the respective sample size has been allocated to the different strata/ sub-strata in proportion to the population as per census Allocations at stratum level are adjusted to multiples of 4 with a minimum sample size of 4. Allocation for each sub-stratum is 4. Equal number of samples has been allocated among the four sub-rounds. Selection of FSUs: For the rural sector, from each stratum/ sub-stratum, required number of sample villages has been selected by probability proportional to size with replacement (PPSWR), size being the population of the village as per Census 2001.For the urban sector, UFS phase has been used for all towns and cities and FSUs have been selected from each stratum/sub-stratum by using Simple Random Sampling without Replacement (SRSWOR). Both rural and urban samples are to be drawn in the form of two independent sub-samples and equal number of samples have been allocated among the four sub rounds. 6

19 2.3.4 Formation of second stage strata and allocation of households Two cut-off points A and B (in ) have been determined from NSS 66 th round data for each NSS state-region for urban areas in such a way that top 10% of the population have MPCE more than B and bottom 30% of the population have MPCE less than A. For both Schedule 1.0, households listed in the selected FSU/ hamlet-group/ sub-block are stratified into three second stage strata (SSS). Composition of the SSS and number of households to be surveyed from different SSS for each of the three schedules of enquiry namely, Schedule 1.0 (Type 1), Schedule 1.0 (Type 2) are as follows: number of households to be surveyed SSS composition of SSS FSU without hg/sb formation FSU with hg/sb formation (for each hg/sb) Rural SSS 1: 1 relatively affluent households 2 1 SSS 2: of the remaining, households having principal earning from non- agricultural activity 4 2 SSS 3: other households 2 1 SSS 1: Urban households having MPCE of top 10% of urban population (MPCE > B) 2 1 SSS 2: households having MPCE of middle 60% of urban population (A MPCE B) 4 2 SSS 3: households having MPCE of bottom 30% of urban population (MPCE A) 2 1 7

20 2.3.5 Selection of households From each SSS the sample households for each of the schedules are selected by SRSWOR. If a household is selected for more than one schedule, only one schedule is canvassed in that household in the priority order of Schedule 1.0 (Type 1), Schedule 1.0 (Type 2) and in that case the household would be replaced for the other schedule. If a household is selected for Schedule 1.0 (Type 1) it is not selected for Schedule 1.0 (Type 2). Similarly, if a household is not selected for Schedule 1.0 (Type 1) selected for Schedule 1.0 (Type 2). Odisha participated in this survey with matching sample basis for supplementing the central sample data to derive reliable state specific and sub-state level estimates by adopting the same methodology of NSSO. Table 2.1 gives the number of village/blocks, households surveyed in the NSS 68th round and number of persons enumerated in the survey for central and state samples of Odisha. The fieldwork of the 68th round started from 1st July, 2011 and continued till 30th June, As usual, the survey period of this round was divided into four sub-rounds, each with a duration of three months, the 1st sub round period ranging from July to September 2011, the 2nd sub round period from October to December 2011 and so on. An equal number of sample villages/blocks (FSUs) were allotted for survey in each of these four sub-rounds. The survey used the interview method of data collection. Table-2.1 No of sample FSU, Households and Persons Surveyed in Odisha Odisha-Rural Schedule Central Sample State Sample FSU Surveyed HH Surveyed Persons Surveyed FSU Surveyed HH Surveyed Persons Surveyed 1.0 Type-I * Type-II * Odisha-Urban 1.0 Type-I Type-II *In state sample one sample village was uninhabited, so data was collected from 371 FSU. 8

21 Table-2.2 District wise sample FSU surveyed in Odisha (68th Round) Name of the District Central Sample FSU surveyed State Sample Rural Urban Rural Urban BARGARH JHARSUGUDA SAMBALPUR DEOGARH SUNDARGARH KEONJHAR MAYURBHANJ BALASORE BHADRAK KENDRAPARA JAGATSINGHPUR CUTTACK JAJPUR DHENKANAL ANGUL NAYAGARH KHURDA PURI GANJAM GAJAPATI KANDHAMAL BOUDH SUBARNAPUR BALANGIR NUAPADA KALAHANDI RAYAGADA NABARANGPUR KORAPUT MALKANGIRI ODISHA *In state sample one sample village of Kalahandi district was uninhabited, so data was collected from 371 FSU. 9

22 2.4: Basic concepts & definitions House: Every structure, tent, shelter, etc is a house irrespective of its use. It may be used for residential or non-residential purpose or both or even may be vacant. Household: A group of persons normally living together and taking food from a common kitchen will constitute a household. The members of a household may or may not be related by blood or marriage to one another. The following cases are to be noted while determining the group of persons to be considered as households for the current survey: Each inmate (including residential staff) of a hostel, mess, hotel, boarding and lodging house, etc., will be treated as a single household. In deciding the composition of a household, more emphasis is to be placed on normally living together than on ordinarily taking food from a common kitchen. (Paying Guests, Servant maids, relatives also who are staying more than six months) In case the place of residence of a person is different from the place of boarding, he or she will be treated as a member of the household with whom he or she resides. If a member of a family (say, a son or a daughter of the head of the family) stays elsewhere more than six months (say, in hostel for studies or for any other reason), he/she will not be considered as a member of his/her parent s household. However, he/she will be listed as a single member household if the hostel is listed. Household Type: The household type, based on the means of livelihood of a household, is decided on the basis of the sources of the household s income during the 365 days preceding the date of survey. For this purpose, only the household s income (net income and not gross income) from economic activities is to be considered; but the incomes of servants and paying guests are not to be taken into account. Household consumer expenditure: The expenditure incurred by a household on domestic consumption during the reference period is the household's consumer expenditure MPCE (monthly per capita consumer expenditure): Household consumer expenditure is the sum total of monetary values of all the items (i.e. Goods and services) consumed by the household on domestic account during the reference 10

23 period. MPCE is understood as household consumer expenditure over a period of 30 days divided by household size. Three different methods of measurement of monthly per capita expenditure (MPCE) at household level namely URP, MRP and MMRP were used in 68 th round of survey based on the reference period of data collection. URP (uniform reference period): In this method all the food and non-food items are collected over uniform reference period 30 days. MRP (Mixed reference period): In this method all the food items and some non-food items are collected over reference period 30 days but some durable items like furniture, clothing items and medical institutional expenditure are collected over the reference period 365 days. MMRP (Modified Mixed Reference Period): Modified Mixed Reference Period is the measure of MPCE obtained by the NSS consumer expenditure survey when household consumer expenditure on items of edible oil, egg, fish and meat, vegetables, fruits, spices, beverages, refreshments, processed food, pan, tobacco and intoxicants is recorded for a reference period of last 7 days and for all other item the reference period used are the same as in case of mixed reference period. 11

24 3 Testing Poolability And Methodology for Pooling 3.1 Poolability test: Though the central sample and state sample are drawn independently following identical sampling design with same concepts, definitions and instructions to collect the state sample data, there is also expected agency bias in the two sets of data generated by different agencies. As such they cannot be merged for generating pooled estimate without testing that the samples are realized from identical distribution function. Since the parametric distribution of the sample mean is unknown one may adopt non-parametric tests such Run test, Median test, chi-square test etc to test that the samples are coming from identical distribution function. 3.2 Non-parametric test: MPCE is the main parameter for pooling, Wald-Wolfowitz run test has been used for poolabilty test : Wald-Wolfowitz run test: Suppose X and Y are independent random variables with cumulative distribution function (CDF) as Fs(x) and Fc(y).Null Hypothesis to be tested is H0: Fs(x) = Fc(x) for all x against alternative Hypothesis is H1: Fs(x) > Fc(x) or Fs(x) < Fc(x) for some x. Let x1, x2,.., xm be iid observation from state sample with distributive function Fs and y1, y2,..,yn be iid observation from central sample with distributive function Fc. Merge the data and order them with respect to comparable characteristic under consideration MPCE. In the merged data order sequence: put 1 for X and 0 for Y. Let U be the total runs observed where 'run' is a sequence of adjacent equal symbols. For example, following sequence: is divided in six runs, three of them are made out of 1 and the others are made out of 0. The total runs U is a random variable whose distribution in large sample can be treated as normal with mean and variance as follows: 12

25 mean = E(U) = 2mn m + n + 1 variance(u) = 2mn(2mn m n) (m + n) 2 (m + n 1) As our survey is based on large sample, U is to be normalized to Z i.e. Z U E( U ) V ( U ) Then one sided z test is to be applied to test the null hypothesis at certain level of significance. 3.3 Parametric test Let tyc and tys be the estimate of Y at domain level of pooling based on central and state sample respectively with corresponding variances V (tyc) and V (tys). For large sample, making all assumption of parametric test, Z-Statistic has been used to test the null hypothesis H0 E (tyc) = E (tys) where E stands for expectation. Z = ( t ( V ( t yc yc t ys ) ) V ( t ys )) V (tyc) and V (tys) could be estimated as ^ V ( t yc ) l ( t yc1 t yc2 ) 2 / 4 ^ V ( t ys ) l ( t ys1 t ys2 Wheret yc1 andt yc2 are estimates for subsample 1 and 2 and similar notation has been followed for t ys1 and t ys2. ) 2 / 4 Where stands for summing over stratum x sub-stratum level variance at the domain of pooling. 13

26 3.4 Poolability test results: (a)results by Wald-Wolfowitz run test Table-3.4.1(R): District wise result of run test for MPCE (URP, MRP, and MMRP) (Sector: RURAL) (Z 0.01 = [one sided test]) District Name of the District URP MRP MMRP code Z value ACCEPT Z value ACCEPT Z value ACCEPT 1 BARGARH Yes Yes 0.00 Yes 2 JHARSUGUDA 0.25 Yes 0.50 Yes Yes 3 SAMBALPUR Yes Yes Yes 4 DEOGARH Yes Yes Yes 5 SUNDARGARH 2.13 Yes Yes Yes 6 KEONJHAR 0.71 Yes Yes Yes 7 MAYURBHANJ 0.89 Yes 0.18 Yes 0.00 Yes 8 BALASORE Yes 0.35 Yes 1.42 Yes 9 BHADRAK Yes Yes 0.35 Yes 10 KENDRAPARA Yes Yes 0.00 Yes 11 JAGATSINGHPUR 1.44 Yes 1.44 Yes Yes 12 CUTTACK 0.53 Yes 0.71 Yes Yes 13 JAJPUR Yes Yes Yes 14 DHENKANAL 0.41 Yes 0.41 Yes 1.23 Yes 15 ANGUL Yes Yes Yes 16 NAYAGARH Yes 0.00 Yes Yes 17 KHURDA 0.62 Yes Yes Yes 18 PURI 0.18 Yes 0.89 Yes Yes 19 GANJAM Yes Yes 0.79 Yes 20 GAJAPATI Yes Yes Yes 21 KANDHAMAL No Yes No 22 BOUDH Yes 1.76 Yes Yes 23 SUBARNAPUR 0.00 Yes Yes Yes 24 BALANGIR 2.05 Yes 0.00 Yes 0.21 Yes 25 NUAPADA Yes Yes 0.25 Yes 26 KALAHANDI Yes Yes 0.53 Yes 27 RAYAGADA 0.00 Yes Yes 0.25 Yes 28 NABARANGPUR 0.82 Yes 0.41 Yes Yes 29 KORAPUT 0.62 Yes 2.87 No Yes 30 MALKANGIRI 0.00 Yes Yes No In rural Odisha in each case of URP and MRP 29 districts and for MMRP 28 districts satisfy the run test. 14

27 Table-3.4.2(U): District wise result of run test for MPCE (URP, MRP, MMRP) (Sector: URBAN) (Z 0.01 = [one sided test]) State: Odisha Sector: URBAN [SCHEDULE 1.0 TYPE-I and TYPE-II] RUN TEST District code Name of the District In urban Odisha for URP 28 districts satisfy the run test whereas for MRP 30 districts and for MMRP 29 districts satisfy the run test. URP MRP MMRP Z value ACCEPT Z value ACCEPT Z value ACCEPT 1 BARGARH 0.36 Yes Yes Yes 2 JHARSUGUDA Yes 0.72 Yes 1.08 Yes 3 SAMBALPUR 0.36 Yes Yes Yes 4 DEOGARH Yes Yes Yes 5 SUNDARGARH Yes Yes Yes 6 KEONJHAR Yes Yes Yes 7 MAYURBHANJ 0.36 Yes 0.36 Yes 0.72 Yes 8 BALASORE No Yes 0.36 Yes 9 BHADRAK Yes 1.08 Yes 1.80 Yes 10 KENDRAPARA No Yes 0.72 Yes 11 JAGATSINGHPUR Yes Yes Yes 12 CUTTACK Yes 0.13 Yes 0.51 Yes 13 JAJPUR 1.44 Yes 0.36 Yes Yes 14 DHENKANAL 1.08 Yes Yes Yes 15 ANGUL Yes 1.44 Yes Yes 16 NAYAGARH 1.80 Yes Yes 1.08 Yes 17 KHURDA Yes Yes Yes 18 PURI Yes Yes 0.36 Yes 19 GANJAM Yes Yes 0.00 Yes 20 GAJAPATI 1.80 Yes 0.36 Yes 1.08 Yes 21 KANDHAMAL 0.00 Yes Yes 0.36 Yes 22 BOUDH Yes Yes 0.00 Yes 23 SUBARNAPUR 0.36 Yes 1.08 Yes Yes 24 BALANGIR Yes Yes 0.00 Yes 25 NUAPADA Yes Yes 1.08 Yes 26 KALAHANDI 0.36 Yes Yes 0.00 Yes 27 RAYAGADA 0.00 Yes Yes Yes 28 NABARANGPUR 1.08 Yes 1.80 Yes 0.00 Yes 29 KORAPUT Yes Yes No 30 MALKANGIRI 1.08 Yes 1.80 Yes 1.08 Yes 15

28 3.4.1 (b) Result by Parametric Test (Equality Z test) Table-3.4.3(R) : District wise equality test for MPCE (URP, MRP, MMRP) Rural Z0.005 = [one sided test] URP MRP MMRP DISTRICT z value accept z value accept z value accept BARGARH 0.45 Y 0.50 Y 0.69 Y JHARSUGUDA 3.91 N 6.65 N 1.80 Y SAMBALPUR 1.52 Y 1.03 Y 0.76 Y DEOGARH 1.92 Y 1.56 Y 0.90 Y SUNDARGARH 1.19 Y 2.15 Y 1.24 Y KEONJHAR 1.07 Y 1.49 Y 0.15 Y MAYURBHANJ 1.19 Y 0.82 Y 1.45 Y BALASORE 1.49 Y 0.34 Y 2.87 N BHADRAK 1.01 Y 1.93 Y 4.88 N KENDRAPARA 1.70 Y 0.46 Y 0.96 Y JAGATSINGHPUR 0.16 Y 0.28 Y 1.57 Y CUTTACK 1.59 Y 3.58 N 1.04 Y JAJPUR 1.20 Y 1.35 Y 1.22 Y DHENKANAL 1.11 Y 2.27 Y 2.45 Y ANGUL 1.45 Y 0.86 Y 1.83 Y NAYAGARH 1.03 Y 0.34 Y 2.41 Y KHURDA 2.75 N 3.31 N 2.74 N PURI 1.99 Y 2.19 Y 1.20 Y GANJAM 3.06 N 4.04 N 3.53 N GAJAPATI 1.05 Y 1.44 Y 1.64 Y KANDHAMAL 0.18 Y 0.33 Y 0.35 Y BOUDH 3.71 N 0.95 Y 0.72 Y SUBARNAPUR 0.52 Y 0.72 Y 1.33 Y BALANGIR 4.55 N 5.17 N 9.49 N NUAPADA 0.78 Y 2.14 Y 1.31 Y KALAHANDI 1.68 Y 3.12 N 1.43 Y RAYAGADA 4.35 N 2.99 N 7.33 N NABARANGPUR 1.81 Y 0.06 Y 0.22 Y KORAPUT 2.07 Y 1.79 Y 2.85 N MALKANGIRI 1.24 Y 0.67 Y 1.69 Y ODISHA 3.81 N 2.77 N 3.74 N In rural Odisha for URP 24 districts satisfy the equality test whereas for MRP and MMRP 23 districts satisfy the test. 16

29 Table (U) : District wise equality test for MPCE (URP, MRP, MMRP) Urban Z = [one sided test] URP MRP MMRP DISTRICT z value accept z_value Accept z value accept BARGARH 0.30 Y 0.28 Y 0.49 Y JHARSUGUDA N N N SAMBALPUR 1.40 Y 1.26 Y 1.68 Y DEOGARH 0.54 Y 0.64 Y 1.29 Y SUNDARGARH 1.47 Y 1.98 Y 0.99 Y KEONJHAR 7.91 N 5.26 N 2.93 N MAYURBHANJ 0.95 Y 0.48 Y 0.54 Y BALASORE 1.26 Y 0.66 Y 0.50 Y BHADRAK 0.45 Y 2.09 Y 3.91 N KENDRAPARA 1.48 Y 1.55 Y 0.32 Y JAGATSINGHPUR N 2.01 Y 2.36 Y CUTTACK 0.76 Y 1.18 Y 0.21 Y JAJPUR 2.90 N 0.94 Y 0.93 Y DHENKANAL N 4.87 N 1.57 Y ANGUL 3.50 N 2.13 Y 4.54 N NAYAGARH 1.32 Y 0.90 Y 1.20 Y KHURDA 0.27 Y 0.57 Y 0.57 Y PURI 1.56 Y 1.19 Y 1.83 Y GANJAM 1.68 Y 1.78 Y 0.55 Y GAJAPATI 0.01 Y 0.34 Y 0.49 Y KANDHAMAL 0.98 Y 1.34 Y 3.58 N BOUDH N 4.48 N 1.89 Y SUBARNAPUR 0.31 Y 0.77 Y 6.60 N BALANGIR 1.61 Y 5.26 N 2.21 Y NUAPADA 0.47 Y 0.48 Y 0.14 Y KALAHANDI 0.33 Y 1.26 Y 0.16 Y RAYAGADA 0.26 Y 0.69 Y 0.22 Y NABARANGPUR 0.47 Y 1.00 Y 1.24 Y KORAPUT 1.15 Y 0.11 Y 0.74 Y MALKANGIRI 0.82 Y 0.23 Y 0.69 Y ODISHA 0.17 Y 0.41 Y 0.15 Y In urban Odisha for URP 23 districts satisfy the equality test whereas for MRP 25 districts and for MMRP 24 districts satisfy the equality test. The poolabilty test is satisfied for state level also. 17

30 3.5 Methodology of pooling: Two alternate methods are used in pooling the central and state sample data : Weighting by matching ratio (MR) Building aggregate estimate of pooled sample in proportion matching ratio m: n of state and central sample aggregate estimate where m and n are the allotted sample for central and state sample separately for rural and urban sector. Building ratio estimate of pooled sample as ratio of aggregate estimates. As the Central and State Sample are selected using same sampling design from same population with equal matching basis the pooling result based on matching ratio method is more acceptable. This method has been used for computation of pooled multiplier before estimation : Weighting by inverse of variance (IV) This estimates are built by weighting the ratio estimate of central and state sample in proportion to inverse of variance of ratio. However if the estimated variances are wide apart then the resulting estimates may not be superior. This may be the case when non-sampling errors are present. By this method pooled estimate has been derived using the central and state sample estimates and relative standard error of the respective samples. 18

31 4 4Household Consumer Expenditure State Level Analysis 4.1 Parameters considered for Pooling: The broad parameters considered for pooling of central and state sample data are as follows. MPCE of food, non-food and total derived from detailed items of URP,MRP and MMRP Household size, sex and age 4.2 Household Characteristic The table gives the sector wise pooled estimated households, population and sex ratio in Odisha according to matching ratio method. Table Sector Rural Urban Households Population Sex Households Population Sex (00) (00) ratio (00) (00) ratio Odisha Estimates of MPCE (MR method) An attempt has been made to estimate district level MPCE by sectors in terms of URP, MRP and MMRP methods. Results have been estimated on different characteristics like MPCE of food and non-food items by two pooling methods i.e. matching ratio method and inverse variance method. In the present report, analysis has been made on the results derived using the matching ratio (MR) method. From each sample household where Schedule Type 1 was canvassed, there are two possible ways of measuring household expenditure: one using last 30 days for all items, and the other using last 365 days data for Category I items and last 30 days for the rest. The first measure of MPCE is called MPCE (URP) and the second, 19

32 MPCE (MRP). Using the data collected through Schedule Type 2, the third estimate of MPCE (MMRP) can be built up. Since the reference period system used for Schedule Type 2 was only a slight modification of the Mixed Reference Period (differing only in the reference period used for Category II items), this measure of MPCE was called the MPCE, MMRP (Modified Mixed Reference Period).Here analysis has been made on the MMRP method. Table 4.3.1: Sector wise MPCE (in ) on food and non-food items for Odisha. Sector MMRP Food Non-Food Total Rural Odisha Urban Odisha All(R+U) Figure: Sector wise Percentage distribution of MPCE on Food & Non-Food items in Odisha Rural Urban Food Non-Food The proportion of expenditure on food and non-food items by rural and urban sector based on MMRP method has been presented in figure It is found that expenditure on food remained higher in rural areas as compared to urban areas. In rural Odisha percentage share of expenditure on food items is whereas it is 44.36% in urban Odisha. 20

33 Figure: Percentage distribution of MPCE (MMRP) between the year & in Odisha Food Non-Food 66th Round 68 th Round Figure depicts that, during the year the Monthly Percapita Consumer Expenditure on food item was 59 percent where on non-food 41 percent, in Odisha. In the year there was a slightly 2 percent decrease in food consumption. This implies an improvement in the pattern of consumption expenditure. Figure: Percentage share of MPCE on non-food items between the year & in Odisha Rural Urban Rural Urban 66th round ( ) 68th round ( ) Sector wise percentage share of MPCE on non-food items is presented in figure Here it is found that there is an increasing trend in non-food expenditure and a declining trend in the food expenditure. The result is that, there was 4 % 21

34 decrease in food consumption on MPCE for the rural sector, where it was slightly higher in case of urban i.e. 6% over the period to in Odisha. It is due to cumulative effect of various factors like change in habit of consumption, change in purchasing power, test & fashion of the consumer. This indicated a positive change in the standard of living of people. 4.4 Urban Rural Gap in monthly Percapita consumer expenditure (MPCE) Table Urban Rural gap in Monthly Percapita Consumer Expenditure in Odisha MMRP based ( in ) State Rural Urban Urban-Rural Gap (in ) Odisha Table shows the monthly Percapita consumer expenditure (MPCE) in both rural and urban Odisha and it also shows the urban-rural gap based on MMRP method. In rural Odisha MPCE is where as in urban Odisha it is It is found that MPCE for urban-rural gap is : Urban-Rural gap by Social Groups in MPCE (MMRP based) The table below shows social group wise MPCE (MMRP) and the rural urban gap in Odisha. The Other category families had the highest level of MPCE in both rural and urban Odisha. The lowest MPCE was recorded by ST group in rural Odisha with /-, where SC group recorded for urban Odisha with Table Sector wise MPCE (MMRP) for each Social group MPCE (.0.00) Social group Urban-Rural Gap in % Rural Urban Rural+Urban gap in ST SC OBC OTHERS ALL

35 Figure: Urban-Rural gap in MPCE(MMRP) for each Social group in Odisha OTHERS., OBC, ALL GROUPS, ST, SC, Table & figure show that the urban-rural gap in MPCE were more for social category Others compared to ST, SC and OBC categories. The urban-rural gap in MPCE for others was highest with % followed by OBC with % and ST with 59%. In case of rural-urban gap in MPCE (MMRP), it is seen that there was highest urban-rural gap in Others group with Following to others wide urban-rural gap was also found in OBC with Lowest gap i.e was seen in SC group. 4.5 Economic Classes by MPCE Based on MPCE the population of Odisha has been distributed into five economic classes of MPCE i.e. pentile classes for each sector. The first quintile class Q1 represents the lowest economic class of 20% of the population, the second quintile class Q2 represents the level below which 40% of the population lie, and so on. The quintile classes has been obtained separately for rural sector, urban sector and rural plus urban sectors combined. 23

36 Table: Sector and quintile class wise MPCE (in ) based on MMRP method for Odisha Quintile Class MMRP Rural Urban Q Q Q Q Q All classes Table shows quintile class wise MPCE by MMRP method for rural and urban areas of Odisha. In the rural sector of Odisha MPCE for the bottom quintile class is and it is for the top quintile class. In the urban sector of Odisha MPCE for the bottom quintile class is and it is for the top quintile class. The difference in MPCE within top and bottom quintile classes is found more in the urban sector than the rural sector. In the urban areas of Odisha MPCE is higher in all quintile classes than the rural area. The difference in MPCE of both rural and urban Odisha is found more in the higher quintile classes. Table: Quintile class wise MPCE (in ) for food and non-food expenditure (MMRP) of Rural and Urban Odisha. RURAL URBAN Quintile Class FOOD NON-FOOD FOOD NON-FOOD Q Q Q Q Q All

37 Figure: Quintile Class Wise Percentage Share Of MPCE In Non -food Items For Odisha Rural Urban Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 A L L Table and figure illustrates that in both rural and urban sectors, the share of expenditure on food items was higher in lower quintile classes of MPCE and it gradually decreases towards higher quintile classes. Thus households in higher quintile classes, were spending more on non-food items.so it can be concluded that households of upper quartile classes had a better living standard in comparison to households of lower quartile classes. In the rural sector of Odisha, MPCE (MMRP) varies from top Quintile class Q5 ( ) to bottom Quintile class Q1 ( ). The share of expenditure on food items was higher in bottom quintile class of MPCE i.e % and it gradually decreases towards higher quintile classes to 51.79%. In the urban sector of Odisha MPCE (MMRP) varies from top Quintile class Q5 ( ) to bottom Quintile class Q1 ( ). The share of expenditure on food items was higher in bottom quintile class of MPCE i.e % and it gradually decreases towards higher quintile classes to 38.21% 25

38 Quintile class wise trends in pattern of consumption Figure: 4.5.2R Quintile Class wise Proportion Trend of MPCE (MMRP) on Non- Food in Rural Odisha Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 Non-Food 66th round ( ) 68th round ( ) Quintile class wise proportion trend of MPCE on non-food in rural Odisha represented in figure 4.5.2R for the period & There was an increasing trend from lower Quintile class to higher Quintile class during the year & in rural Odisha. In the year the pace of proportion increase on non-food consumption between preceding Quintile class, vary within 1 to 2 percent except 4 th & 5 th Quintile class. In case of there was increasing trend with continuous higher percent increase between preceding Quintile class. Between the year & the proportion increasing on non-food for lower two Quintile class i.e. Q1 & Q2 almost identical, from 3 rd to 5 th Quintile class there was continuous higher percent of increase between preceding Quintile class. Figure: 4.5.2U Quintile Class wise Proportion Trend of MPCE (MMRP) on Non-Food in Urban Odisha Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 Non-Food 66th round ( ) 68th round ( ) 26

39 Quintile class wise proportion trend of MPCE on non-food in urban Odisha presented in figure 4.5.2U. There was an increasing trend from lower Quintile class to higher Quintile class during the year & in urban Odisha. During the year the proportion increase on non-food on MPCE between Quintile classes Q1 to Q4 almost identical, in case of Q5 the proportion increase was slightly high. Similarly the year shows an increasing trend with almost identical pace of increase from Q2 to Q5 except between Q1 to Q2 Quintile class. Between the year & the percent increase on non-food consumption in lower Quintile class was maximum and at higher Quintile class it was minimum. 4.6 MPCE (MMRP) of Odisha by Household type Household type: The household type, based on the means of livelihood of a household, is decided on the basis of the sources of the household's income during the 365 days preceding the date of survey. For this purpose, only the household's income (net income and not gross income) from economic activities is to be considered; but the incomes of servants and paying guests are not to be taken into account. In rural areas, a household will belong to any one of the following six household types: Self-employed in agriculture Self-employed in non-agriculture Regular wage/salary earning Casual labour in agriculture Labour in non-agriculture Others For urban areas, the household types are: Self-employed Regular wage/salary earning Casual labour Others Household type in rural sector: Rural households are classified into six economic categories or household.the six household types are self-employed, regular wage/salary earning, casual labour and others. A household which does not have any 27

40 income from economic activities will be classified under others. Within each of the broad category of self-employed and casual labours two specific household types will be distinguished, depending on their major income from agricultural activities and nonagricultural activities. The specific household types for self-employed are: selfemployed in agriculture and self-employed in non-agriculture. For casual labour, the specific household types are: casual labour in agriculture and casual labour in nonagriculture. In the determination of the household type in the rural areas, first the household s income from economic activities will be considered. Rural household will be first categorized as self-employed, regular wage/salary earning or casual labour depending on the single major source of its income from economic activities during last 365 days. Further, for those households which are categorized either as selfemployed or casual labours, specific household types (self-employed in agriculture or self-employed in non-agriculture and casual labour in agriculture or casual labour in non-agriculture) are to be assigned depending on the single major source of income from agricultural or non-agricultural activities. Household type in urban sector: Four sources of household incomes are considered to determine household type in urban areas. An urban household will be assigned the type self-employed, regular wage/salary earning, casual labour or others corresponding to the major source of its income from economic activities during the last 365 days. A household which does not have any income from economic activities will be classified under others. Table: MPCE (MMRP) for each Household type in Rural Odisha Household Type Estimated no.(00) Households Persons MPCE (Rs.0.00) Difference from state average Self-employed in agriculture Self-employed in nonagriculture regular wage/salary earning Casual labour in agriculture Casual labour in nonagriculture Others ALL

41 Figure: MPCE(MMRP) for each Household type in Rural Odisha Casual labour in agr Casual labour in non-agr Self-empl in agr ALL Self-empl in non-agr Others regular wage/salary earning While comparing the per capita expenditure (MMRP) among household type in rural Odisha, it was observed that regular wage/salary earning had the highest per capita expenditure i.e among all household types, where as it was /- for other types. Lowest per capita expenditure /- was found in casual labour in agriculture households. The average MPCE (MMRP) in casual labour in agriculture and non-agriculture, self-employed in agriculture households was below state average. Thus the living standard of households belongs to household type regular wage\salary earning was better than household type other. Table: MPCE (MMRP) for each Household type in Urban Odisha Household type Estimated no.(00) Households Persons MPCE (.0.00) Difference from state average Self-employed Regular wage/salary earning Casual Labour Others ALL

42 Figure: MPCE(MMRP) for each Household type in Urban Odisha Casual Labour Self-employed ALL Others Regular wage/salary earning Table depicts that in Urban sector of Odisha, the per capita expenditure(mmrp) of regular wage/salaried household was seen to be highest with /- followed by Other category household with /-. Lowest MPCE was found in casual labour households with The per capita expenditure in casual labour households and Self-employed households was below State average of /-. While comparing the per capita expenditure (MMRP) among household type in rural Odisha, it was observed that regular wage/salary earning households had the highest per capita expenditure i.e /-. Lowest per capita expenditure /- was found in casual labour in agriculture households. In Urban sector of Odisha, the per capita expenditure (MMRP) of regular wage/salaried households was seen to be highest with /-.Lowest MPCE was found in casual labour households with / Comparison of MPCE of Odisha with national figure Discussion in this section will primarily focus on the MPCE obtained by MMRP method of India as whole, and districts of Odisha in MPCE of India reported here was taken form NSS report no. 555(68/1.O/1) published by NSSO. In order to 30

43 find out the variation of MPCE between Odisha and India as a whole at a glance, the relevant figures have been presented in the figure given below. It is clear from the chart that estimate of per capita expenditure of a household in Odisha was less than that of all India average. More specifically, MPCE of Odisha is less than the national average by 32 % for rural sector and by 26 % for urban sector. Further, if we compare the national average with the districts of Odisha, we can see that all the districts even the top district i.e. Cuttack in rural MPCE, had less MPCE ( ) than that of all India ( ) for rural sector. But in urban sector, MPCE of Khurda ( ) and Angul ( ) districts were more than the MPCE of India ( ) as a whole. Figure Sector wise MPCE(MMRP) of Odisha and India Odisha, Rural MPCE, India, Rural MPCE, Odisha, Urban MPCE, India, Urban MPCE, RURAL MPCE URBAN MPCE MPCE of Odisha is less than the national average by 32 % for rural area and by 26 % for urban area. But in urban sector, MPCE of Khurda ( ) and Angul ( ) districts were more than the MPCE of India ( ) as a whole. 31

44 Region Level Analysis: The state Odisha is divided into three separate NSS regions Coastal, Southern and Northern. The composition of the regions are as follows: Table: 4.8. Composition of NSS Regions in Odisha Region Name No of Districts Name of the District Coastal 9 Balasore, Bhadrak, Kendrapara, Jagatsinghpur,Cuttack, Jajpur, Nayagarh, Khurda and Puri Southern 12 Ganjam, Gajapati, Kandhamal, Boudh, Subarnapur, Balangir, Nuapada, Kalahandi, Rayagada, Nabarangpur, Koraput, Malkangiri Northern 9 Bargarh, Jharsuguda, Sambalpur,Deogarh,Sundargarh, Keonjhar, Mayurbhanj, Dhenkanal and Angul 4.8: MPCE by NSS regions The regional level MPCE (MMRP method) by sectors is given in table: It is observed that coastal region of rural Odisha recorded highest per-capita expenditure ( /-) followed by rural Northern regions with /- and Southern regions with /-. Further, the per-capita expenditure of rural Coastal region was above the State average of /-, whereas rural Southern and northern region experienced less in per capita expenditure than the State average. Like rural Odisha in case of urban Odisha also the average MPCE in coastal region ( ) is above the state average ( ).Urban-Rural gap is found highest in coastal region ( ) and it is also above the state average gap ( ). 32

45 Table: Region wise MPCE (MMRP) by Sectors, in Odisha Region Name MPCE (.0.00) Rural Urban Rural+Urban Urban-Rural Gap( ) Coastal Southern Northern Odisha Figure: Region wise urban-rural gap(%) in MPCE(MMRP), Odisha Southern Northern Odisha Coastal From table and figure it is found that, rural urban gap in MPCE(MMRP) is highest in coastal region i.e /- and it is above state level gap ( ).The rural-urban gap is in northern region and in southern region and these lie below the state level gap. Trends in MPCE (MMRP) in different regions of Odisha: Sequential trends in consumption pattern are examined in this section on the basis of MMRP-based estimates obtained from pooling results of 66 th & 68 th round as pooling estimates are not available for the quinquennial surveys prior to the 66th round survey. 33

46 Table: NSS round wise MPCE (MMRP) by region and sectors, in Odisha Region Name MPCE (.0.00) Rural Urban Rural+Urban 68th round( ) Coastal Southern Northern Odisha th round( ) Coastal Southern Northern Odisha Figure: Regional trend in MPCE(MMRP) for Odisha Coastal Southern Northern Odisha 66-round 68-round Table gives region wise estimates of MPCE obtained by the MMRP method for 66 th round ( ) and 68 th round ( ). In terms of the MMRP estimates, MPCE in rural Odisha has grown from in to in that is, by 21.73%. Urban MPCE has grown from in to in that is by 38.81%. Among the three regions of rural Odisha highest growth in MPCE has been found in southern region i.e % followed by coastal 22.66% and northern 15.28%.Similarly, in urban Odisha highest growth in MPCE has been found in coastal region i.e % followed by northern 23% and 34

47 southern 3.23%. Figure shows regional trend of MPCE (MMRP) for Rural+Urban Odisha. MPCE in Odisha has grown from in to in that is, by 27.13%. Highest growth in MPCE is seen in coastal (35.66%) followed by southern (22.40%) and Northern region (17.84%). MPCE in rural Odisha has grown from to by about 21.73% and Urban Odisha MPCE has grown by about 38.81%. In the region wise comparison of rural Odisha highest growth in MPCE has been found in southern region i.e % followed by coastal 22.66% and northern 15.28%.Whereas in urban Odisha highest growth in MPCE has been found in coastal region i.e % followed by northern 23% and southern 3.23%. Trends in pattern of consumption in different regions of Odisha: Table NSS round wise MPCE (in ) of food and non-food items by region Rural Odisha Urban Odisha NSS Round Food Non-food Food Non-food Coastal Odisha 68th round( ) th round( ) Southern Odisha 68th round( ) th round( ) Northern Odisha 68th round( ) th round( ) Odisha 68th round( ) th round( )

48 Table shows the trends in the household consumption pattern from 66 th round ( ) to 68 th round ( ). In both 66 th and 68 th rounds, it is seen that, in all regions of rural Odisha, the share of food item groups in total consumption expenditure was higher than non-food items. For non-food item groups, the share was usually higher in urban regions. The share of food is seen to have shrunk over these two rounds. In rural sector highest decline in food share is found in northern region i.e. from 61.16% to 55.99% (a decline of about 8.45%) and in coastal and southern regions the decline is about 6.46% & 6.51%.In urban sector the decline rate in food expenditure is found highest in the coastal region i.e. from 48.28% to 40.43%(a decline of about 16.26%),in the northern region from 51.42% to 47.99% (a decline of 6.67%).The share of food expenditure has fallen by about 3% in southern region of urban Odisha. Figure-4.8.2R Regional trend of non-food proportion in total expenditure (Rural Odisha) Coastal Southern Northern Odisha NSS round-wise proportion of expenditure on food and non-food items by regions based on MMRP method has been presented in table Figure 4.8.2R shows the regional trend in percentage share of non-food items in the total expenditure. This trend has been shown from NSS 66 th round ( ) to 68 th round ( ).Among the three regions of rural Odisha, highest growth in non-food expenditure is found in northern region i.e. 13% followed by southern 11% and coastal 9%. 36

49 Figure-4.8.2U Regional trend of non-food proportion in total expenditure (Urban Odisha) Coastal Southern Northern Odisha In case of urban Odisha highest growth in non-food expenditure from NSS 66 th round ( ) to 68 th round ( ) has been found in coastal region i.e. 15% followed by northern 7% and southern 4%.This implies that in urban Odisha standard of living of coastal region people is improving more than people of southern and northern regions. 4.9: MPCE in KBK and Non-KBK Regions The districts of Southern and Western Odisha are regarded as the most backward region by the planning commission, which re-designated some of these districts as KBK (Kalahandi-Bolangir-Koraput).During , the three larger districts were re-organized into eight districts viz, Malkangiri, Koraput, Nabrangpur, Kalahandi, Raygada,Nuapada, Balangir and Subar napur. These eight districts comprise 14 Subdivisions, 37 Tehsils, 80 CD Blocks, 1,437 Gram Panchayats and 12,293 villages. The eight districts which form the KBK region account for 19.72% of the total population of the Odisha. The average MPCE of KBK regions and non-kbk regions by sectors as per MMRP method presented in table:

50 Table: Comparison of MPCE (MMRP) in Non-KBK and KBK region of Odisha Region MPCE( ) Rural Urban KBK Urban_Rural gap (in ) Urban_Rural gap (in %) NON-KBK Absolute Diff in MPCE ( Non-KBK-KBK) % Diff in MPCE ( Non-KBK-KBK) Figure: MPCE(MMRP) in KBK & Non-KBK Region of Odisha Rural KBK Non_KBK Urban In sector wise mpce (MMRP) of KBK and Non KBK regions of Odisha, Non KBK regions are at the better position than the KBK regions in both rural and urban sector. In case of rural sector, MPCE of KBK region was and it was for Non KBK region. Similarly for urban sector, average MPCE for KBK was and for Non-KBK, it was /-. Difference in MPCE within KBK and Non_KBK districts is found less in rural sector ( ) than urban sector ( ). It may be concluded that the level of living in KBK regions were still lower compared to Non-KBK regions of Odisha. 38

51 Trends in pattern of consumption in KBK & non-kbk regions of Odisha: Sequential trends in consumption pattern are examined in this section on the basis of MMRP-based estimates obtained from pooling results of 66 th & 68 th round as pooling estimates are not available for the quinquennial surveys prior to the 66th round survey. Table NSS round wise percentage share of food and non-food expenditure in total expenditure in kbk & non-kbk regions of Odisha Region Food Non-food Rural Odisha KBK Non-KBK Urban Odisha KBK Non-KBK Table shows the trends in the household consumption pattern from 66 th round ( ) to 68 th round ( ). In both 66 th and 68 th rounds the share of food item groups in total consumption expenditure for both sector was higher in KBK regions than in non-kbk regions. For non-food item groups, the share was usually higher in non-kbk regions. Figure-4.9.2R Regional trend (KBK & Non-KBK) of non-food proportion in total expenditure for rural Odisha KBK Non-KBK

52 Figure 4.9.2R shows the regional trend in percentage share of non-food items in the total expenditure for KBK and non-kbk regions. This trend has been shown from NSS 66 th round ( ) to 68 th round ( ).In KBK and non-kbk regions of rural Odisha, more growth in non-food expenditure has been found in non-kbk region i.e % than KBK regions i.e. 9.73%. Figure U Regional trend (KBK & Non-KBK ) of non-food proportion in total expenditure for urban Odisha KBK Non-KBK Figure 4.9.2U shows changes in percentage share of non-food (MMRP) in total consumer expenditure shown by the two quinquennial surveys. In the urban sector, share of non-food is seen to have grown over these two rounds in both KBK and non-kbk regions.in non-kbk regions the growth in non-food expenditure is more than KBK i.e. from 50.2% to 56.31% (a growth of about 12%). In KBK regions the growth in non-food expenditure is from 46.04% to 47.81% (a growth of about 4%). In rural Odisha, more growth in non-food expenditure has been found in non- KBK region i.e % than KBK regions i.e. 9.73%. Whereas in urban Odisha the growth in non-food expenditure of non-kbk region is about 12% and it is found less in KBK regions i.e. growth of about 4%. 40

53 District Level Analysis: 4.10: This is the key part of the report as the aim of pooling was to obtain district level analysis. Table: District wise MPCE ( ) in Odisha by Sectors Name of the Rural Urban District URP MRP MMRP URP MRP MMRP BARGARH JHARSUGUDA SAMBALPUR DEOGARH SUNDARGARH KEONJHAR MAYURBHANJ BALASORE BHADRAK KENDRAPARA JAGATSINGHPUR CUTTACK JAJPUR DHENKANAL ANGUL NAYAGARH KHURDA PURI GANJAM GAJAPATI KANDHAMAL BOUDH SUBARNAPUR BALANGIR NUAPADA KALAHANDI RAYAGADA NABARANGPUR KORAPUT MALKANGIRI ODISHA

54 Figure: R District wise MPCE(MMRP) in rural Odisha Cuttack Khurda Dhenkanal Kendrapara Puri Bhadrak Anugul Jajpur Jharsuguda Jagatsinghpur Nayagarh Ganjam Odisha Bargarh Keonjhar Sambalpur Kalahandi Balasore Nuapada Subarnapur Deogarh Balangir Sundargarh Nabarangpur Mayurbhanja Kandhamal Boudh Rayagada Malkangiri Gajapati Koraput

55 Figure: U District wise MPCE(MMRP) in urban Odisha Khurda Angul Cuttack Dhenkanal Odisha Nabarangapur Balasore Jajpur Sambalpur Deogarh Mayurbhanj Keonjhar Jagatsinghpur Jharsuguda Bhadrak Nayagarh Kendrapara Kandhamal Baragarh Boudh Koraput Gajapati Puri Ganjam Nuapada Sundargarh Subarnapur Kalahandi Balangir Malkangiri Rayagada The district wise monthly per capita consumption expenditure (MPCE) for rural and urban sector of Odisha based on URP, MRP and MMRP has been presented in table The district wise MPCE (in descending order) based on MMRP method presented in figures R and U for rural and urban respectively. 43

56 It is observed that in rural Odisha Cuttack district had the highest MPCE (MMRP) with followed by Khurda ( ) and Dhenkanal ( ). Bottom three districts having lowest MPCE were Koraput ( ), Gajapati ( ) and Malkangiri ( ). In urban Odisha Khurda district had the highest MPCE (MMRP) i.e and following to Khurda Angul district had the second highest MPCE (MMRP) i.e Similarly Rayagada district had the lowest MPCE i.e preceded by Malkangiri i.e : Food & Non-food share in total expenditure Food & non-food ratio plays a vital role for assessing the living standard of a particular geographical region. Considering the adequacy of small sample size, only the estimates of shares of total food items and total non-food items in total expenditure has been generated rather than that of each and every food and non-food items.district wise estimates of Per capita food and non-food expenditure in rural In rural areas of Nuapada and Rayagada districts, the share of expenditure on food items were % and % respectively followed by Nabarangpur with %. The rural areas of Khurda district had lower share of expenditure on food items with 51.9 % among all districts preceded by Cuttack with 52.81% and Subarnapur with 53.11%. In urban sector of Odisha, the share of expenditure on food items was higher in Rayagada (59.64%) followed by Puri (57.6 %) and Ganjam (56.85%). Share of expenditure on food items was found lowest in Khurda (33.23%), Angul and Cuttack (43.03 %). 44

57 areas of Odisha for as per URP, MRP and MMRP method is shown in the table R. Table: R District wise MPCE (in ) of food and non-food items for rural Odisha URP MRP MMRP Name of the District Food Non- Food Food Non- Food Food Non- Food BARGARH JHARSUGUDA SAMBALPUR DEOGARH SUNDARGARH KEONJHAR MAYURBHANJ BALASORE BHADRAK KENDRAPARA JAGATSINGHPUR CUTTACK JAJPUR DHENKANAL ANGUL NAYAGARH KHURDA PURI GANJAM GAJAPATI KANDHAMAL BOUDH SUBARNAPUR BALANGIR NUAPADA KALAHANDI RAYAGADA NABARANGPUR KORAPUT MALKANGIRI ODISHA

58 Figure: R District wise Percentage distribution of MPCE (MMRP) in Food & Non-Food items for rural Odisha Khurda Cuttack Subarnapur Balasore Jharsuguda Sambalpur Anugul Keonjhar Dhenkanal Jajpur Bargarh Mayurbhanja Puri Odisha Kendrapara Boudh Balangir Koraput Nayagarh Deogarh Ganjam Bhadrak Sundargarh Jagatsinghpur Kalahandi Malkangiri Kandhamal Gajapati Nabarangpur Rayagada Nuapada Food Non- Food 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% The District-wise proportion of expenditure on food and non-food items in rural sector of Odisha based on MMRP method has been presented in figure R.The expenditure on food remained higher in rural areas as compared to urban areas. In rural areas of Nuapada and Rayagada districts, the share of expenditure on food items were % and % respectively followed by Nabarangpur with %, 46

59 Gajapati with 62.15% and Kandhamal with 60.89%. It is also seen that the percent share of food expenditure was found lowest in Khurda district (51.9) preceded by Cuttack (52.81) and Subarnapur (53.11). It implies that districts having low percent share in food expenditure had high percent share in non food expenditure. Urban Odisha: Table: U District wise MPCE (in ) of food and non-food items for urban Odisha Name of the District URP MRP MMRP Food Non- Food Food Non- Food Food Non- Food BARGARH JHARSUGUDA SAMBALPUR DEOGARH SUNDARGARH KEONJHAR MAYURBHANJ BALASORE BHADRAK KENDRAPARA JAGATSINGHPUR CUTTACK JAJPUR DHENKANAL ANGUL NAYAGARH KHURDA PURI GANJAM GAJAPATI KANDHAMAL BOUDH SUBARNAPUR BALANGIR NUAPADA KALAHANDI RAYAGADA NABARANGPUR KORAPUT MALKANGIRI ODISHA

60 Figure: U District wise Percentage distribution of MPCE(MMRP) in Food & Non- Food items for urban Odisha Khurda Angul Cuttack Jharsuguda Odisha Balasore Sambalpur Deogarh Dhenkanal Nabarangpur Sundargarh Nayagarh Jajpur Kandhamal Subarnapur Koraput Bhadrak Balangir Bargarh Boudh Gajapati Jagatsinghpur Keonjhar Nuapada Kalahandi Malkangiri Mayurbhanj Kendrapara Ganjam Puri Rayagada Food Non- Food 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% In urban sector of Odisha, the percent share of expenditure on food items was higher in Rayagada district (59.64) followed by Puri (57.6 ) and Ganjam (56.85).The percent share of expenditure on food was found lowest in Khurda (33.23), followed by Angul(43.03),Cuttack (43.03) and Jharsuguda (44.34). It may be concluded that all 48

61 Nabrangpur Kalahandi Malkangiri Nuapada Boudh Ganjam Angul Kandhamal Rayagada Mayurbhanj Keonjhar Sundargarh Kendrapara ODISHA Balangir Bhadrak Gajapati Puri Deogarh Khurda Balesore Jajpur Koraput Sambalpur Cuttack Dhenkanal Bargarh Nayagarh Jharsuguda Jagatsinghpur Subarnapur most all district in rural areas of Odisha, households spending more than 50 percent of their consumer expenditure in food items, where in case of urban area, halves of the districts in Odisha, households spending more than 50 percent of their consumer expenditure in non- food items Districts wise trends in pattern of consumption: Figure: R District wise Trend of MPCE(MMRP) on Non-Food in Rural Odisha th round ( ) 68th round ( ) District wise proportion trend in MPCE on non-food for rural presented in figure R.During the year , at all Odisha level non-food consumption was percent, where it was increased to percent in the year It is observed that 13 districts were below the state average on non-food consumption during the year Most of the coastal districts except Kendrapara were above state average in non-food consumption. During the year fourteen districts were above the state percent in terms of non-food consumption in rural sector. It is depicted 49

62 Bhadrak Rayagada Jagatsinghpur Kendrapara Puri Boudh Nuapada Malkangiri Mayurbhanj Nabrangpur Nayagarh Subarnapur Keonjhar Balangir Deogarh Koraput Bargarh Sambalpur Jharsuguda Dhenkanal Ganjam Kalahandi Gajapati Sundargarh Balesore ODISHA Kandhamal Angul Jajpur Cuttack Khurda that four districts, one district belongs to coastal region (Jagatsinghpur) & three districts (Rayagada, Gajapati & Nuapada) belong to southern region decreases in nonfood consumption during the year compare to in rural area. Figure: U District wise Trend of MPCE(MMRP) on Non-Food in Urban Odisha th round ( ) 68th round ( ) District wise proportion trend in MPCE on non-food for Urban presented in figure U. It is depicted that, at state level during the year non-food consumption was percent, where it was percent during the year During the year five districts (three districts belongs to coastal region and one each from southern & northern) were above the state average in terms of percent consumption on non-food in urban area. During the year most of districts in Odisha except four districts (two each belongs to coastal Khurda & Cuttack, and northern region, Angul Jharsuguda) percent consumption on non-food was below state average. 50

63 5 5 Relative Standard Error (RSE) Estimates from the NSS Survey (Household consumer expenditure) are based on information collected from people in a sample of households, rather than all households. Hence the estimates produced may differ from those that would have been produced if the entire population had been included in the survey. The most common measure of the likely difference (or sampling error ) is the Standard Error (SE). The Relative Standard Error (RSE) measure indicates the extent to which a sample survey estimate is likely to deviate from the true population. The Relative Standard Error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a fraction of the estimate and is usually displayed as a percentage. The measure is also called as co-efficient of variation (%). Estimates with less RSE are reliable and more RSE are subject to high sampling error and should be used with caution. Relative Standard Error (RSE) in percentage (%) on various pooled results has been estimated for each district of Odisha for both rural and urban sectors and on food, non-food and total expenditure 5.1 Estimates of Relative Standard Error (RSE) For aggregateyˆ Var ( Yˆ) Var ( Ys ˆ ) Where Var ( Y ˆ s) is given by s Var Y ˆ 1 Y ˆ Yˆ s t 4 st1 st2 2, where Y ˆst 1 and Y ˆst 2 are the estimates for subsample 1 and sub-sample 2 respectively for stratum s and sub-stratum t. *The detail formula Var (Yˆ ) MSE ( Rˆ ) is available at appendix A. Relative Standard Error (RSE) by MR method 51

64 Rural Odisha: Table: 5.1 District wise Relative Standard Error (RSE) by MR method on URP,MRPand MMRP for rural Odisha DISTRICT URP MRP MMRP FOOD NON-FOOD FOOD NON-FOOD FOOD NON-FOOD BARGARH JHARSUGUDA SAMBALPUR DEOGARH SUNDARGARH KEONJHAR MAYURBHANJ BALASORE BHADRAK KENDRAPARA JAGATSINGHPUR CUTTACK JAJPUR DHENKANAL ANGUL NAYAGARH KHURDA PURI GANJAM GAJAPATI KANDHAMAL BOUDH SUBARNAPUR BALANGIR NUAPADA KALAHANDI RAYAGADA NABARANGPUR KORAPUT MALKANGIRI ODISHA

65 Relative standard error (RSE) of household expenditure (MMRP) on food and non-food items for rural Odisha is presented in Table 5.1.For food items in rural Odisha except Kandhamal (11.1%) all other districts were found to be within 10 percent. For non-food items maximum districts of rural areas were found to be within 10 per cent.districts like Jharsuguda, Sambalpur, Deogarh, Sundargarh, Gajapati, Subarnapur, Nuapada and Malkangiri were found to be within the range of 10 to 15 percent. Urban Odisha: Table: 5.2 District wise Relative Standard Error (RSE) by MR method on URP,MRP and MMRP for urban Odisha DISTRICT URP MRP MMRP FOOD NON-FOOD FOOD NON-FOOD FOOD NON-FOOD BARGARH JHARSUGUDA SAMBALPUR DEOGARH SUNDARGARH KEONJHAR MAYURBHANJ BALASORE BHADRAK KENDRAPARA JAGATSINGHPUR CUTTACK JAJPUR DHENKANAL ANGUL NAYAGARH KHURDA PURI GANJAM GAJAPATI KANDHAMAL BOUDH SUBARNAPUR BALANGIR NUAPADA KALAHANDI RAYAGADA NABARANGPUR KORAPUT MALKANGIRI ODISHA

66 Relative standard error (RSE) of MPCE (MMRP) on food and non-food items for urban Odisha is presented in Table 5.2. For food items in urban Odisha maximum districts were found to be within 10 percent RSE.Districts like Bargarh, Sambalpur, Jagatsinghpur, Cuttack, Nayagarh, Boudh, Kalahandi, Rayagada and Koraput were within the range of 10 to 20 percent. For non-food items in Dhenkanal and Koraput districts RSE of the estimate exceeded 25 percent and was within 30 percent. RSE of non-food items in urban areas of Bhadrak, Kendrapara, Angul and Balangir were found to be within 5 percent. Sector and district wise Relative Standard Error (RSE) in total expenditure Table:5.3 Sector and District wise RSE by MR method on total expenditure DISTRICT RURAL URBAN URP MRP MMRP URP MRP MMRP BARGARH JHARSUGUDA SAMBALPUR DEOGARH SUNDARGARH KEONJHAR MAYURBHANJ BALASORE BHADRAK KENDRAPARA JAGATSINGHPUR CUTTACK JAJPUR DHENKANAL ANGUL NAYAGARH KHURDA PURI GANJAM GAJAPATI KANDHAMAL BOUDH SUBARNAPUR BALANGIR NUAPADA KALAHANDI RAYAGADA NABARANGPUR KORAPUT MALKANGIRI ODISHA

67 Distribution of districts by range of relative standard error (RSE) of total expenditure (MMRP) is presented in Table 5.3. RSE of estimates of household expenditure in rural areas of all districts was found to be within 10 percent except Sambalpur (10.19) and Kandhamal (10.6). In urban Odisha highest RSE is found in Koraput district (23.49). It was observed that there were 6 districts like, Jharsuguda, Kendrapara, Angul Subarnapur, Bolangir and Nabarangpur for which RSE of urban household expenditure was less than 5 percent. For food items in rural Odisha except Kandhamal (11.1%) all other districts were found to be within 10 percent. For food items in urban Odisha maximum districts were found to be within 10 percent RSE.Districts like Bargarh, Sambalpur, Jagatsinghpur, Cuttack, Nayagarh, Boudh, Kalahandi, Rayagada and Koraput were within the range of 10 to 20 percent. RSE of non-food items in urban areas of Bhadrak, Kendrapara, Angul and Balangir were found to be within 5 percent. For non-food items maximum districts of rural areas were found to be within 10 per cent.districts like Jharsuguda, Sambalpur, Deogarh, Sundargarh, Gajapati, Subarnapur, Nuapada and Malkangiri were found to be within the range of 10 to 15 percent. 55

68 6 Conclusion Household consumer expenditure is an important indicator of standard of living for any country, state and district etc. State level sample size of NSS determined by NSSO, Government of India is adequate only for state level analysis.sub state or district level analysis is not possible using NSS data of state sample only. In this report an attempt has been made to obtain district level analysis for rural and urban sector of Odisha by pooling central and state sample data of NSS 68 th round. An attempt has been made to estimate district level MPCE by sectors in terms of URP, MRP and MMRP methods. It gives a picture on living standard prevailing across the districts of Odisha in both rural and urban sectors. Results have been estimated on different characteristics like MPCE of food and non-food items by two pooling methods i.e. matching ratio method and inverse variance method. Poolability test has been made for these two independent samples of Odisha. Some districts did not satisfy the test. But considering the more number of districts satisfying the test, it is decided to obtain the district level estimates for all the districts of Odisha under the assumption that all districts satisfied the test. It is found that in maximum cases RSE by IV method is less than RSE by MR method. But the estimates of IV method are biased by RSE. In case where RSE is very high like more than 25% then the estimates by IV method is not at all reliable. Therefore to maintain uniformity and unbiasedness the estimates by MR method is more appropriate and convenient for users. Users and researchers habituated with handling of unit level data should use the combined (pooled data) with multiplier developed by matching ratio method. Otherwise they have to generate separate multiplier and to compute RSE for separate samples. Then they can use the formula of IV method for pooled estimate, which is more critical and time taking than matching ratio method. 56

69 As per the report, using the URP (Uniform Reference Period) method, average MPCE was estimated as in rural and in Urban Odisha. Using the MRP (Mixed Reference Period) method, average MPCE was estimated as in rural and in Urban Odisha. Using the MMRP (Modified Mixed Reference Period) method, average MPCE was estimated as in rural and in Urban Odisha. Among the districts of rural Odisha Cuttack ( ) had highest MPCE (MMRP) followed by Khurda ( ) and Dhenkanal ( ). Average MPCE (MMRP) in rural Odisha was lowest in Koraput ( ), Gajapati ( ) and Malkangiri ( ). In the urban Sector of Odisha Khurda ( ) and Angul ( ) were two districts with highest MPCE (MMRP). In Urban Odisha MPCE (MMRP) was lowest in Rayagada ( ) and Malkangiri districts (i.e ). Food accounted for % share of expenditure for MPCE (MMRP) in rural Odisha during and for urban Odisha, about 44% was accounted for food. In rural areas of Nuapada and Rayagada districts, the share of expenditure MPCE (MMRP) on food items were % and % respectively followed by Nabarangpur with %. In rural areas of Odisha Khurda district had lower share of expenditure MPCE (MMRP) on food items with % preceded by Cuttack with 52.81% and Subarnapur with 53.11%. In urban sector of Odisha, the share of expenditure MPCE (MMRP) on food items was higher in Rayagada (59.64%) followed by Puri (57.6 %) and Ganjam (56.85%). Share of expenditure MPCE (MMRP) on food items was found low in Khurda (33.23%), Angul and Cuttack (43.03 %), Jharsuguda (44.34 %). This shows that the share of the food item groups in total consumption expenditure was higher in rural Odisha than in urban Odisha. Coastal region of rural Odisha recorded highest per-capita expenditure by MMRP method i.e /- followed by rural Northern regions ( /-) 57

70 and Southern regions with ( /-). In urban Odisha the average MPCE in coastal region ( ) is above the state average ( ).Urban-Rural gap in MPCE (MMRP) is found highest in coastal region i.e In rural Odisha, average MPCE (MMRP) of KBK region was Rs and it was Rs for Non KBK region. Similarly for urban sector, average MPCE for KBK was Rs and for Non-KBK, it was Rs /-. During the year the Monthly Percapita Consumer Expenditure on food item was 59 percent where on non-food 41 percent, in Odisha. In the year there was a slightly 2 percent decrease in food consumption. In terms of the MMRP estimates, MPCE in rural Odisha has grown from in to in that is, by about 21.73%. Urban MPCE has grown from in to in that is by about 38.81%. Among the three regions of rural Odisha highest growth in MPCE has been found in southern region i.e % followed by coastal 22.66% and northern 15.28%.Similarly, in urban Odisha highest growth in MPCE has been found in coastal region i.e % followed by northern 23% and southern 3.23%. MPCE in Odisha has grown from in to in that is, by 27.13%. Highest growth in MPCE is seen in coastal i.e. by 35.66% followed by southern 22.40% and Northern region by 17.84%. The trends in the household consumption pattern from 66 th round ( ) to 68 th round ( ) show that, the share of food has shrunk over these two rounds. In rural sector highest decline in food share is found in northern region i.e. from 61.16% to 55.99% (a decline of about 8.45%) and in coastal and southern regions the decline is about 6.46% & 6.51%. 58

71 In urban sector the decline rate in food expenditure is found highest in the coastal region i.e. from 48.28% to 40.43%(a decline of about 16.26%),in the northern region from 51.42% to 47.99% (a decline of 6.67%).The share of food expenditure has fallen by about 3% in southern region of urban Odisha. The regional trend in percentage share of non-food items in the total expenditure for KBK and non-kbk regions. The regional trend from NSS 66 th round ( ) to 68 th round ( ).In KBK and non-kbk regions of rural Odisha, more growth in non-food expenditure has been found in non-kbk region i.e % than KBK regions i.e. 9.73%. Percentage share of non-food (MMRP) in total consumer expenditure shown by the two quinquennial surveys is that in the urban sector, share of non-food is seen to have grown over these two rounds in both KBK and non-kbk regions.in non-kbk regions the growth in non-food expenditure is more than KBK i.e. from 50.2% to 56.31% (a growth of about 12%). In KBK regions the growth in non-food expenditure is from 46.04% to 47.81% (a growth of about 4%). 59

72 Appendix-A Estimation Procedure 60

73 Estimation Procedure Estimation Procedure Notations s = subscript for s-th stratum t = subscript for t-th sub-stratum m = subscript for sub-sample (m =1, 2) i = subscript for i-th FSU [village (panchayat ward)/ block] d = subscript for a hamlet-group/ sub-block (d = 1, 2) j = subscript for j-th second stage stratum in an FSU/ hg/sb [ j = 1, 2 or 3] k = subscript for k-th sample household under a particular second stage stratum within an FSU/ hg/sb D = total number of hg s/ sb s formed in the sample FSU D* = 0 if D = 1 = (D 1) for FSUs with D > 1 N = total number of FSUs in any urban sub-stratum Z = total size of a rural sub-stratum (= sum of sizes for all the FSUs of a sub-stratum) z = size of sample village used for selection. n = number of sample FSUs surveyed including zero cases but excluding casualty for a particular sub-sample and sub-stratum. H = total number of households listed in a second-stage stratum of an FSU / hamletgroup or sub-block of sample FSU h = number of households surveyed in a second-stage stratum of an FSU / hamletgroup or sub-block of sample FSU x, y = observed value of characteristics x, y under estimation Xˆ, Yˆ = estimate of population total X, Y for the characteristics x, y 61

74 Under the above symbols, ystmidjk = observed value of the characteristic y for the k-th household in the j-th second stage stratum of the d-th hg/ sb (d = 1, 2) of the i-th FSU belonging to the m- th sub-sample for the t-th sub-stratum of s-th stratum. However, for ease of understanding, a few symbols have been suppressed in following paragraphs where they are obvious. Formulae for Estimation of Aggregates for a particular sub-sample and stratum sub-stratum: Schedule 0.0: Rural (i) For estimating the number of households in a stratum sub-stratum possessing a characteristic: Yˆ Z n n i 1 1 z i y i1 D * i y i2 y, 2 where i1 y i are the total number of households possessing the characteristic y in hg s 1 & 2 of the i-th FSU respectively. (ii) For estimating the number of villages in a stratum sub-stratum possessing a characteristic: where Yˆ Z n n i 1 1 z i y i y i is taken as 1 for sample villages possessing the characteristic and 0 otherwise. 62

75 Urban (i) For estimating the number of households in a stratum sub-stratum possessing a characteristic: Yˆ N n n * y D y i1 i i2 i 1 where y i1 and y i2 are the total number of households possessing the characteristic y belonging to sub-blocks 1 and 2 respectively, of the i-th FSU. Schedules 1.0 (Type 1) / 1.0 (Type 2) Rural (i) For j-th second stage stratum of a stratum sub-stratum: Yˆ j Z n n 1 H H j hi 1 j hi 2 j i1 j * i2 j y D i1 jk i j i 1 z h i i j k h 1 1 i2 j k 1 y i2 jk (ii) For all second-stage strata combined: Yˆ j ˆ Y j (iii) Estimate for a stratum ( estimates ( Yˆ st ). Yˆs ) will be obtained by adding sub-stratum level 63

76 Urban (i) For j-th second stage stratum of a stratum sub-stratum: Yˆ j N nj n j hi 1 j h i1 j * i2 j y D i1 jk i i 1 hi j k h 1 1 i2 j k 1 H H i 2 j y i2 jk (ii) For all second-stage strata combined: Yˆ j ˆ Y j (iii) Estimate for a stratum ( level estimates ( Yˆst ). Yˆs ) will be obtained by adding sub-stratum Overall Estimate for Aggregates Overall estimate for aggregates for a stratum ( obtained as: Y ˆ 1 2 ˆ s Y sm 2 m 1 Yˆs ) based on two sub-samples is Overall Estimate of Aggregates at State The overall estimate Yˆ at the State/ UT/ all-india level is obtained by summing the stratum estimates Yˆ s over all strata belonging to the State. 64

77 Estimates of Ratios Rˆ Yˆ Xˆ Let Yˆ and Xˆ be the overall estimates of the aggregates Y and X for two characteristics y and x respectively at the State/ Region level. Then the combined ratio estimate Estimates of Error ˆ (R ) of the ratio ( R The estimated variances of the above estimates will be as follows: For aggregateyˆ Y X ) will be obtained as. Var Yˆ) Var ( Ys ˆ ) s ( where i Y ˆ 1 Y ˆ Yˆ 2 Var ( Yˆ s) s given by Var s st1 st2, where t 4 1 and sub-sample 2 respectively for stratum s and sub-stratum t. Yˆst1 and Y ˆst 2 are the estimates for sub-sample For ratio Rˆ 2 2 Y ˆ Yˆ Rˆ 2 Xˆ Xˆ 2Rˆ Y ˆ Yˆ X ˆ Xˆ 1 MSE( Rˆ) 2 st1 st2 st1 st2 st1 st2 st1 st2 4Xˆ s t Estimates of Relative Standard Error (RSE) RSE Yˆ RSE Rˆ Yˆ Var Yˆ Rˆ MSE Rˆ

78 Multipliers The formulae for multipliers at stratum/sub-stratum/second-stage stratum level for a sub-sample and schedule type are given below: formula for multipliers sch type sector hg / sb 1 hg / sb 2 rural Z 1 st n z stm stmi Z n st stm 1 z stmi D * stmi 0.0 Urban N s * n sm N n s sm D smi rural Z n st stmj 1 H Z stmi1 j st * stmi2 j D stmi z h n z h stmi stmi1 j stmj stmi stmi2 j 1 H 1.0 (Type 1)/ 1.0 (Type 2) Urban N n s smj H smi1 j, h smi1 j N n s smj H * smi2 j D, smi h smi2 j ( j = 1, 2, 3) Note: (i) For estimating any characteristic for any domain not specifically considered in sample design, indicator variable may be used. 66

79 (ii) Multipliers have to be computed on the basis of information available in the listing schedule irrespective of any misclassification observed between the listing schedule and detailed enquiry schedule. (iii) For estimating number of villages possessing a characteristic, * D stmi = 0 in the relevant multipliers and there will be only one multiplier for the village (see paragraph in this context). Treatment for zero cases, casualty cases etc. While counting the number of FSUs surveyed (nsm or nstm) in a stratum/sub-stratum, all the FSUs with survey codes 1 to 6 in schedule 0.0 will be considered. In addition, if no SSU is available in the frame for a particular schedule then also that FSU will be treated as surveyed in respect of that schedule. However, if the SSUs of a particular schedule type are available in the frame of the FSU but none of these could be surveyed then that FSU has to be treated as casualty and it will not be treated as surveyed in respect of that schedule. Casualty cases FSUs with survey code 7 as per schedule 0.0 are treated as casualties. In addition to this, an FSU, although surveyed, may have to be treated as casualty for a particular schedule type and a particular second stage stratum as given in the following para: FSUs with survey codes 1 or 4 as per schedule 0.0 having number of households in the frame of j-th second stage stratum greater than 0 but number of households surveyed according to data file, considering both hg/sb together, as nil (i.e. Hi1j + Hi2j >0 but hi1j + hi2j =0) will be taken as casualties for j-th second stage stratum. 67

80 All the FSUs with survey codes 1 to 6 as per schedule 0.0 minus the number of casualties as identified above will be taken as the number of surveyed FSUs (nstmj ) for that (stratum/sub-stratum) ( second stage stratum). When casualty for j-th second stage stratum occurs for a particular hg/sb but not for the other hg/sb, the FSU will not be treated as casualty but some adjustments in the value of H for the other hg/sb will be done as follows: (i) Suppose for hg/sb 1, Hi1j > 0 but hi1j = 0 while for hg/sb 2, Hi2j > 0 and hi2j > 0. In that case D * i H i 2 j formula for multiplier of hg/sb 2. ( Hi1 j i i2 j * will be replaced by D H ) in the (ii) Suppose for hg/sb 1, Hi1j>0 and hi1j > 0 while for hg/sb 2, Hi2j>0 but hi2j=0. In that case H i 1 j of hg/sb 1. ( i1 j i i2 j * will be replaced by H D H ) in the formula for multiplier It may be noted that nsmj or nstmj would be same for hg/sb 1 & 2 of an FSU. Treatment in cases of void second-stage strata/sub-strata at FSU or household level /strata/nss region A stratum/sub-stratum may be void because of the casualty of all the FSUs belonging to the stratum/sub-stratum. This may occur in one sub-sample or in both the sub-samples. If it relates to only one sub-sample, then estimate for the void stratum/sub-stratum may be replaced with the estimate as obtained from the other sub-sample for the same stratum/sub-stratum. 68

81 When a stratum/sub-stratum is void in both the sub-samples, the following procedure is recommended: Case(I): Stratum/Sub-stratum void cases at FSU levels (i.e. all FSUs having survey code 7): (i) (ii) If a rural sub-stratum is void then it may be merged with the other substratum of the stratum. If a rural/urban stratum (district) is void due to all FSUs being casualty, it may be excluded from the coverage of the survey. The state level estimates will be based on the estimates of districts for which estimates are available and remarks to that effect may be added in appropriate places. Case (II): Stratum/Sub-stratum void case at second stage stratum level (i.e. all the FSUs are casualties for a particular second stage stratum): An FSU may be a casualty for a particular second stage stratum although survey code is not 7. If all the FSUs of a stratum/sub-stratum become casualties in this manner for a particular second stage stratum, the stratum/sub-stratum will become void. In such cases, sub-strata will be merged with other sub-strata for all the second stage strata as in Case (I) above. However, if whole district/stratum becomes void in this manner for a particular second stage stratum, adjustment for this type of stratum void case may be done according to the following guidelines. The adjustment will be made involving other strata/sub-strata (within NSS region) of the State/U.T. Suppose A, B, C and D are the four strata in the 69

82 State/UT/Region and stratum C is void for j-th second stage stratum. If Yˆaj, Yˆbj and Yˆdj are the aggregate estimates for the strata/sub-strata A, B and D respectively, then the estimate Yˆcj for stratum/sub-stratum C may be obtained as Yˆ Z aj a Yˆ Z bj b Yˆ Z dj and D respectively. d Z c where Za, Zb, Zc and Zd are the sizes of strata A, B, C Reference to the values of Zst, Ns, nst, ns, zsti, Dsti, D*sti, Dsi, D*si, Hsti1j, hsti1j, Hsti2j, hsti2j: (a) Values of Zst, Nst and allotted nst for the whole round are given in appendix Table 2 for rural sector and in Table 3 for urban sector. (b) nst should not be taken from the tables. The values of nstm for each subsample are to be obtained following the guidelines given in para 9 above. It includes uninhibited and zero cases but excludes casualty cases. (c) The value of zsti for the samples selected by PPS is to be taken from the column of sample list under the heading frame population for rural samples. Value of Dsti is to be taken from item 16 of block 1, sch 0.0. D*sti is to be calculated from the value of Dsti. (d) Values of Hsti1j, Hsti2j are to be taken from col. (5), block 6 of sch 0.0 for respective hg/sb. The value of hsti1j and hsti2j should not be taken from col (9), block 6 of sch.0.0. The figures should be obtained by counting the number of households in the data file excluding the casualty households. 70

83 Appendix-B Annexure Tables 71

84 Annexure:1 State: Odisha Sector: RURAL [SCHEDULE 1.0 TYPE-I] Pooling method: MATCHING RATIO District wise estimated no of households(00) and their RSEs for central, state and pooled sample District Estimated households (00) RSE of Estimated households Sample households central state pooled central state central state pooled BARAGARH JHARSUGUDA SAMBALPUR DEOGARH SUNDARGARH KEONJHAR MAYURBHANJA BALASORE BHADRAK KENDRAPARA JAGATSINGHPUR CUTTACK JAJPUR DHENKANAL ANGUL NAYAGARH KHURDA PURI GANJAM GAJAPATI KANDHAMAL BOUDH SONEPUR BOLANGIR NUAPADA KALAHANDI RAYAGADA NAWRANGAPUR KORAPUT MALKANGIRI ODISHA

85 Annexure:2 State: Odisha Sector: URBAN [SCHEDULE 1.0 TYPE-I] Pooling method: MATCHING RATIO District wise estimated no of households(00) and their RSEs for central, state and pooled sample District Estimated households (00) RSE of Estimated households Sample households central state pooled central state central state pooled BARAGARH JHARSUGUDA SAMBALPUR DEOGARH SUNDARGARH KEONJHAR MAYURBHANJA BALASORE BHADRAK KENDRAPARA JAGATSINGHPUR CUTTACK JAJPUR DHENKANAL ANGUL NAYAGARH KHURDA PURI GANJAM GAJAPATI KANDHAMAL BOUDH SONEPUR BOLANGIR NUAPADA KALAHANDI RAYAGADA NAWRANGAPUR KORAPUT MALKANGIRI ODISHA

86 Annexure:3 State: Odisha Sector: RURAL [SCHEDULE 1.0 TYPE-II] Pooling method:matching RATIO District wise estimated no of households(00) and their RSEs for central, state and pooled sample RSE of Estimated_households (00) Estimated Sample households District households central state pooled central state central state pooled BARAGARH JHARSUGUDA SAMBALPUR DEOGARH SUNDARGARH KEONJHAR MAYURBHANJA BALASORE BHADRAK KENDRAPARA JAGATSINGHPUR CUTTACK JAJPUR DHENKANAL ANGUL NAYAGARH KHURDA PURI GANJAM GAJAPATI KANDHAMAL BOUDH SONEPUR BOLANGIR NUAPADA KALAHANDI RAYAGADA NAWRANGAPUR KORAPUT MALKANGIRI ODISHA

87 Annexure: 4 State: Odisha Sector: URBAN [SCHEDULE 1.0 TYPE-II] Pooling method: MATCHING RATIO District wise estimated no of households(00) and their RSEs for central, state and pooled sample District Estimated households (00) RSE of Estimated households Sample households central state pooled central state central state pooled BARAGARH JHARSUGUDA SAMBALPUR DEOGARH SUNDARGARH KEONJHAR MAYURBHANJA BALASORE BHADRAK KENDRAPARA JAGATSINGHPUR CUTTACK JAJPUR DHENKANAL ANGUL NAYAGARH KHURDA PURI GANJAM GAJAPATI KANDHAMAL BOUDH SONEPUR BOLANGIR NUAPADA KALAHANDI RAYAGADA NAWRANGAPUR KORAPUT MALKANGIRI ODISHA

88 Annexure: 5 State: Odisha Sector: RURAL [SCHEDULE 1.0 TYPE-I] Pooling method: MATCHING RATIO District wise estimated no of persons(00) and their RSEs for central, state and pooled sample District Est persons(00) RSE of Est persons central state pooled central state BARAGARH JHARSUGUDA SAMBALPUR DEOGARH SUNDARGARH KEONJHAR MAYURBHANJA BALASORE BHADRAK KENDRAPARA JAGATSINGHPUR CUTTACK JAJPUR DHENKANAL ANGUL NAYAGARH KHURDA PURI GANJAM GAJAPATI KANDHAMAL BOUDH SONEPUR BOLANGIR NUAPADA KALAHANDI RAYAGADA NAWRANGAPUR KORAPUT MALKANGIRI ODISHA

89 Annexure: 6 State: Odisha Sector: RURAL [SCHEDULE 1.0 TYPE-I] Pooling method: MATCHING RATIO Table-1.1b(R): District wise sex ratio and their RSEs for central, state and pooled sample District Sex ratio RSE of Sex ratio central state pooled central state BARAGARH JHARSUGUDA SAMBALPUR DEOGARH SUNDARGARH KEONJHAR MAYURBHANJA BALASORE BHADRAK KENDRAPARA JAGATSINGHPUR CUTTACK JAJPUR DHENKANAL ANGUL NAYAGARH KHURDA PURI GANJAM GAJAPATI KANDHAMAL BOUDH SONEPUR BOLANGIR NUAPADA KALAHANDI RAYAGADA NAWRANGAPUR KORAPUT MALKANGIRI ODISHA

90 Annexure: 7 State: Odisha Sector: URBAN [SCHEDULE 1.0 TYPE-I] Pooling method: MATCHING RATIO District wise estimated no of persons(00) and their RSEs for central, state and pooled sample District Est persons(00) RSE of Est persons central state pooled central state BARAGARH JHARSUGUDA SAMBALPUR DEOGARH SUNDARGARH KEONJHAR MAYURBHANJA BALASORE BHADRAK KENDRAPARA JAGATSINGHPUR CUTTACK JAJPUR DHENKANAL ANGUL NAYAGARH KHURDA PURI GANJAM GAJAPATI KANDHAMAL BOUDH SONEPUR BOLANGIR NUAPADA KALAHANDI RAYAGADA NAWRANGAPUR KORAPUT MALKANGIRI ODISHA

91 Annexure: 8 State: Odisha Sector: URBAN [SCHEDULE 1.0 TYPE-I] Pooling method: MATCHING RATIO District wise sex ratio and their RSEs for central, state and pooled sample District Sex ratio RSE of Sex ratio central state pooled central state BARAGARH JHARSUGUDA SAMBALPUR DEOGARH SUNDARGARH KEONJHAR MAYURBHANJA BALASORE BHADRAK KENDRAPARA JAGATSINGHPUR CUTTACK JAJPUR DHENKANAL ANGUL NAYAGARH KHURDA PURI GANJAM GAJAPATI KANDHAMAL BOUDH SONEPUR BOLANGIR NUAPADA KALAHANDI RAYAGADA NAWRANGAPUR KORAPUT MALKANGIRI ODISHA

92 Annexure: 9 State: Odisha Sector: RURAL [SCHEDULE 1.0 TYPE-II] Pooling method: MATCHING RATIO District wise estimated no of persons(00) and their RSEs for central, state and pooled sample District Estimated persons(00) RSE of Est persons central state pooled central state BARAGARH JHARSUGUDA SAMBALPUR DEOGARH SUNDARGARH KEONJHAR MAYURBHANJA BALASORE BHADRAK KENDRAPARA JAGATSINGHPUR CUTTACK JAJPUR DHENKANAL ANGUL NAYAGARH KHURDA PURI GANJAM GAJAPATI KANDHAMAL BOUDH SONEPUR BOLANGIR NUAPADA KALAHANDI RAYAGADA NAWRANGAPUR KORAPUT MALKANGIRI ODISHA

93 Annexure: 10 State: Odisha Sector: RURAL [SCHEDULE 1.0 TYPE-II] Pooling method: MATCHING RATIO District wise sex ratio and their RSEs for central, state and pooled sample District Sex ratio RSE of Sex ratio central state pooled central state BARAGARH JHARSUGUDA SAMBALPUR DEOGARH SUNDARGARH KEONJHAR MAYURBHANJA BALASORE BHADRAK KENDRAPARA JAGATSINGHPUR CUTTACK JAJPUR DHENKANAL ANGUL NAYAGARH KHURDA PURI GANJAM GAJAPATI KANDHAMAL BOUDH SONEPUR BOLANGIR NUAPADA KALAHANDI RAYAGADA NAWRANGAPUR KORAPUT MALKANGIRI ODISHA

94 Annexure: 11 State: Odisha Sector: URBAN [SCHEDULE 1.0 TYPE-II] Pooling method: MATCHING RATIO District wise estimated no of persons(00) and their RSEs for central, state and pooled sample District Est persons(00) RSE of Est persons central state pooled central state BARAGARH JHARSUGUDA SAMBALPUR DEOGARH SUNDARGARH KEONJHAR MAYURBHANJA BALASORE BHADRAK KENDRAPARA JAGATSINGHPUR CUTTACK JAJPUR DHENKANAL ANGUL NAYAGARH KHURDA PURI GANJAM GAJAPATI KANDHAMAL BOUDH SONEPUR BOLANGIR NUAPADA KALAHANDI RAYAGADA NAWRANGAPUR KORAPUT MALKANGIRI ODISHA

95 Annexure:12 State: Odisha Sector: URBAN [SCHEDULE 1.0 TYPE-II] Pooling method: MATCHING RATIO District wise sex ratio and their RSEs for central, state and pooled sample District Sex ratio RSE of Sex ratio central state pooled central state BARAGARH JHARSUGUDA SAMBALPUR DEOGARH SUNDARGARH KEONJHAR MAYURBHANJA BALASORE BHADRAK KENDRAPARA JAGATSINGHPUR CUTTACK JAJPUR DHENKANAL ANGUL NAYAGARH KHURDA PURI GANJAM GAJAPATI KANDHAMAL BOUDH SONEPUR BOLANGIR NUAPADA KALAHANDI RAYAGADA NAWRANGAPUR KORAPUT MALKANGIRI ODISHA

96 Annexure: 13 State: Odisha Sector: RURAL [SCHEDULE 1.0 TYPE-I] District wise estimate of MPCE(URP) for central, state sample Central Sample State Sample District Food Non-food Total Food Non-food Total BARAGARH JHARSUGUDA SAMBALPUR DEOGARH SUNDARGARH KEONJHAR MAYURBHANJA BALASORE BHADRAK KENDRAPARA JAGATSINGHPUR CUTTACK JAJPUR DHENKANAL ANGUL NAYAGARH KHURDA PURI GANJAM GAJAPATI KANDHAMAL BOUDH SONEPUR BOLANGIR NUAPADA KALAHANDI RAYAGADA NAWRANGAPUR KORAPUT MALKANGIRI ODISHA

97 Annexure: 14 State: Odisha Sector: RURAL [SCHEDULE 1.0 TYPE-I] District wise estimate of MPCE(URP) pooled sample Pooled_matching_ratio Pooled_ inverse_variance District Food Non-food Total Food Non-food Total BARAGARH JHARSUGUDA SAMBALPUR DEOGARH SUNDARGARH KEONJHAR MAYURBHANJA BALASORE BHADRAK KENDRAPARA JAGATSINGHPUR CUTTACK JAJPUR DHENKANAL ANGUL NAYAGARH KHURDA PURI GANJAM GAJAPATI KANDHAMAL BOUDH SONEPUR BOLANGIR NUAPADA KALAHANDI RAYAGADA NAWRANGAPUR KORAPUT MALKANGIRI ODISHA

98 Annexure:15 State: Odisha Sector: URBAN [SCHEDULE 1.0 TYPE-I] District wise estimate of MPCE(URP) for central, state sample District Central Sample State Sample Food Non-food Total Food Non-food Total BARAGARH JHARSUGUDA SAMBALPUR DEOGARH SUNDARGARH KEONJHAR MAYURBHANJA BALASORE BHADRAK KENDRAPARA JAGATSINGHPUR CUTTACK JAJPUR DHENKANAL ANGUL NAYAGARH KHURDA PURI GANJAM GAJAPATI KANDHAMAL BOUDH SONEPUR BOLANGIR NUAPADA KALAHANDI RAYAGADA NAWRANGAPUR KORAPUT MALKANGIRI ODISHA

99 Annexure: 16 State: Odisha Sector: URBAN [SCHEDULE 1.0 TYPE-I] District wise estimate of MPCE(URP) pooled sample Pooled_matching_ratio Pooled_ inverse_variance District Food Non-food Total Food Non-food Total BARAGARH JHARSUGUDA SAMBALPUR DEOGARH SUNDARGARH KEONJHAR MAYURBHANJA BALASORE BHADRAK KENDRAPARA JAGATSINGHPUR CUTTACK JAJPUR DHENKANAL ANGUL NAYAGARH KHURDA PURI GANJAM GAJAPATI KANDHAMAL BOUDH SONEPUR BOLANGIR NUAPADA KALAHANDI RAYAGADA NAWRANGAPUR KORAPUT MALKANGIRI ODISHA

100 Annexure: 17 State: Odisha Sector: ALL [SCHEDULE 1.0 TYPE-I] District wise estimate of MPCE(URP) for central, state sample District Central Sample State Sample Food Non-food Total Food Non-food Total BARAGARH JHARSUGUDA SAMBALPUR DEOGARH SUNDARGARH KEONJHAR MAYURBHANJA BALASORE BHADRAK KENDRAPARA JAGATSINGHPUR CUTTACK JAJPUR DHENKANAL ANGUL NAYAGARH KHURDA PURI GANJAM GAJAPATI KANDHAMAL BOUDH SONEPUR BOLANGIR NUAPADA KALAHANDI RAYAGADA NAWRANGAPUR KORAPUT MALKANGIRI ODISHA

101 Annexure:18 State: Odisha Sector: ALL [SCHEDULE 1.0 TYPE-I] District wise estimate of MPCE(URP) for central, state sample District Pooled_matching_ratio Pooled_ inverse_variance Food Non-food Total Food Non-food Total BARAGARH JHARSUGUDA SAMBALPUR DEOGARH SUNDARGARH KEONJHAR MAYURBHANJA BALASORE BHADRAK KENDRAPARA JAGATSINGHPUR CUTTACK JAJPUR DHENKANAL ANGUL NAYAGARH KHURDA PURI GANJAM GAJAPATI KANDHAMAL BOUDH SONEPUR BOLANGIR NUAPADA KALAHANDI RAYAGADA NAWRANGAPUR KORAPUT MALKANGIRI ODISHA

102 Annexure:19 State: Odisha Sector: RURAL [SCHEDULE 1.0 TYPE-I] District wise estimate of MPCE(MRP) for central, state sample District Central Sample State Sample Food Non-food Total Food Non-food Total BARAGARH JHARSUGUDA SAMBALPUR DEOGARH SUNDARGARH KEONJHAR MAYURBHANJA BALASORE BHADRAK KENDRAPARA JAGATSINGHPUR CUTTACK JAJPUR DHENKANAL ANGUL NAYAGARH KHURDA PURI GANJAM GAJAPATI KANDHAMAL BOUDH SONEPUR BOLANGIR NUAPADA KALAHANDI RAYAGADA NAWRANGAPUR KORAPUT MALKANGIRI ODISHA

103 Annexure:20 State: Odisha Sector: RURAL [SCHEDULE 1.0 TYPE-I] District wise estimate of MPCE(MRP) pooled sample Pooled_matching_ratio Pooled_ inverse_variance District Food Non-food Total Food Non-food Total BARAGARH JHARSUGUDA SAMBALPUR DEOGARH SUNDARGARH KEONJHAR MAYURBHANJA BALASORE BHADRAK KENDRAPARA JAGATSINGHPUR CUTTACK JAJPUR DHENKANAL ANGUL NAYAGARH KHURDA PURI GANJAM GAJAPATI KANDHAMAL BOUDH SONEPUR BOLANGIR NUAPADA KALAHANDI RAYAGADA NAWRANGAPUR KORAPUT MALKANGIRI ODISHA

104 Annexure:21 State: Odisha Sector: URBAN [SCHEDULE 1.0 TYPE-I] District wise estimate of MPCE(MRP) for central, state sample Central Sample State Sample District Food Non-food Total Food Non-food Total BARAGARH JHARSUGUDA SAMBALPUR DEOGARH SUNDARGARH KEONJHAR MAYURBHANJA BALASORE BHADRAK KENDRAPARA JAGATSINGHPUR CUTTACK JAJPUR DHENKANAL ANGUL NAYAGARH KHURDA PURI GANJAM GAJAPATI KANDHAMAL BOUDH SONEPUR BOLANGIR NUAPADA KALAHANDI RAYAGADA NAWRANGAPUR KORAPUT MALKANGIRI ODISHA

105 Annexure:22 State: Odisha Sector: URBAN [SCHEDULE 1.0 TYPE-I] District wise estimate of MPCE(MRP) pooled sample Pooled_matching_ratio Pooled_ inverse_variance District Food Non-food Total Food Non-food Total BARAGARH JHARSUGUDA SAMBALPUR DEOGARH SUNDARGARH KEONJHAR MAYURBHANJA BALASORE BHADRAK KENDRAPARA JAGATSINGHPUR CUTTACK JAJPUR DHENKANAL ANGUL NAYAGARH KHURDA PURI GANJAM GAJAPATI KANDHAMAL BOUDH SONEPUR BOLANGIR NUAPADA KALAHANDI RAYAGADA NAWRANGAPUR KORAPUT MALKANGIRI ODISHA

106 Annexure: 23 State: Odisha Sector: ALL [SCHEDULE 1.0 TYPE-I] District wise estimate of MPCE(MRP) for central, state sample Central Sample State Sample District Food Non-food Total Food Non-food Total BARAGARH JHARSUGUDA SAMBALPUR DEOGARH SUNDARGARH KEONJHAR MAYURBHANJA BALASORE BHADRAK KENDRAPARA JAGATSINGHPUR CUTTACK JAJPUR DHENKANAL ANGUL NAYAGARH KHURDA PURI GANJAM GAJAPATI KANDHAMAL BOUDH SONEPUR BOLANGIR NUAPADA KALAHANDI RAYAGADA NAWRANGAPUR KORAPUT MALKANGIRI ODISHA

107 Annexure : 24 State: Odisha Sector: ALL [SCHEDULE 1.0 TYPE-I] District wise estimate of MPCE(MRP) for central, state sample Pooled_matching_ratio Pooled_ inverse_variance District Food Non-food Total Food Non-food Total BARAGARH JHARSUGUDA SAMBALPUR DEOGARH SUNDARGARH KEONJHAR MAYURBHANJA BALASORE BHADRAK KENDRAPARA JAGATSINGHPUR CUTTACK JAJPUR DHENKANAL ANGUL NAYAGARH KHURDA PURI GANJAM GAJAPATI KANDHAMAL BOUDH SONEPUR BOLANGIR NUAPADA KALAHANDI RAYAGADA NAWRANGAPUR KORAPUT MALKANGIRI ODISHA

108 Annexure:25 State: Odisha Sector: RURAL [SCHEDULE 1.0 TYPE-II] District wise estimate of MPCE(MMRP) pooled sample Pooled_matching_ratio Pooled_ inverse_variance District Food Non-food Total Food Non-food Total BARAGARH JHARSUGUDA SAMBALPUR DEOGARH SUNDARGARH KEONJHAR MAYURBHANJA BALASORE BHADRAK KENDRAPARA JAGATSINGHPUR CUTTACK JAJPUR DHENKANAL ANGUL NAYAGARH KHURDA PURI GANJAM GAJAPATI KANDHAMAL BOUDH SONEPUR BOLANGIR NUAPADA KALAHANDI RAYAGADA NAWRANGAPUR KORAPUT MALKANGIRI ODISHA

109 Annexure: 26 State: Odisha Sector: URBAN [SCHEDULE 1.0 TYPE-II] District wise estimate of MPCE(MMRP) pooled sample Pooled_matching_ratio Pooled_ inverse_variance District Food Non-food Total Food Non-food Total BARAGARH JHARSUGUDA SAMBALPUR DEOGARH SUNDARGARH KEONJHAR MAYURBHANJA BALASORE BHADRAK KENDRAPARA JAGATSINGHPUR CUTTACK JAJPUR DHENKANAL ANGUL NAYAGARH KHURDA PURI GANJAM GAJAPATI KANDHAMAL BOUDH SONEPUR BOLANGIR NUAPADA KALAHANDI RAYAGADA NAWRANGAPUR KORAPUT MALKANGIRI ODISHA

110 Annexure: 27 State: Odisha Sector: ALL [SCHEDULE 1.0 TYPE-II] District wise estimate of MPCE(MMRP) for central, state sample Pooled_matching_ratio Pooled_ inverse_variance District Food Non-food Total Food Non-food Total BARAGARH JHARSUGUDA SAMBALPUR DEOGARH SUNDARGARH KEONJHAR MAYURBHANJA BALASORE BHADRAK KENDRAPARA JAGATSINGHPUR CUTTACK JAJPUR DHENKANAL ANGUL NAYAGARH KHURDA PURI GANJAM GAJAPATI KANDHAMAL BOUDH SONEPUR BOLANGIR NUAPADA KALAHANDI RAYAGADA NAWRANGAPUR KORAPUT MALKANGIRI ODISHA

111 Annexure: 28 State: Odisha Sector: Rural [SCHEDULE 1.0 TYPE-I] District wise estimate of RSE of Total MPCE for central, state and pooled sample District URP MRP central state Poolby_MR Poolby_IV central state Poolby_MR Poolby_IV BARAGARH JHARSUGUDA SAMBALPUR DEOGARH SUNDARGARH KEONJHAR MAYURBHANJA BALASORE BHADRAK KENDRAPARA JAGATSINGHPUR CUTTACK JAJPUR DHENKANAL ANGUL NAYAGARH KHURDA PURI GANJAM GAJAPATI KANDHAMAL BOUDH SONEPUR BOLANGIR NUAPADA KALAHANDI RAYAGADA NAWRANGAPUR KORAPUT MALKANGIRI ODISHA

112 Annexure: 29 State: Odisha Sector: URBAN [SCHEDULE 1.0 TYPE-I] Table-1.6(R): District wise estimate of RSE of Total MPCE for central, state and pooled sample URP MRP District central state Poolby_MR Poolby_IV central state Poolby_MR Poolby_IV BARAGARH JHARSUGUDA SAMBALPUR DEOGARH SUNDARGARH KEONJHAR MAYURBHANJA BALASORE BHADRAK KENDRAPARA JAGATSINGHPUR CUTTACK JAJPUR DHENKANAL ANGUL NAYAGARH KHURDA PURI GANJAM GAJAPATI KANDHAMAL BOUDH SONEPUR BOLANGIR NUAPADA KALAHANDI RAYAGADA NAWRANGAPUR KORAPUT MALKANGIRI ODISHA

113 Annexure: 30 State: Odisha [SCHEDULE 1.0 TYPE-II] District wise estimated of RSE of Total MPCE(MMRP) for central, state and pooled sample District BARAGARH JHARSUGUDA central state RURAL Poolby_ MR Poolby _IV central state URBAN Poolby_ MR Poolby_ IV SAMBALPUR DEOGARH SUNDARGARH KEONJHAR MAYURBHANJA BALASORE BHADRAK KENDRAPARA JAGATSINGHPUR CUTTACK JAJPUR DHENKANAL ANGUL NAYAGARH KHURDA PURI GANJAM GAJAPATI KANDHAMAL BOUDH SONEPUR BOLANGIR NUAPADA KALAHANDI RAYAGADA NAWRANGAPUR KORAPUT MALKANGIRI ODISHA

114 Annexure:31 Value of consumption (Rs.0.00) of food and non-food per person for a period of 30 days for each quintile class of MPCE(URP) in rural Odisha (Reference period for clothing & bedding, footwear, education, medical (institutional) and durable goods: 30 days ) Item description Quantile class of MPCE ALL BARAGARH no. of hhs reporting consumption /1000 HHs sample Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE JHARSUGUDA Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE SAMBALPUR Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE DEOGARH Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE SUNDARGARH Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE KEONJHAR Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE MAYURBHANJA Food Group

115 NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE BALASORE OTAL Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE BHADRAK Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE KENDRAPARA Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE JAGATSINGHPUR Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE CUTTACK Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE JAJPUR Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE DHENKANAL Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE ANGUL Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE

116 NAYAGARH Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE KHURDA Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE PURI Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE GANJAM Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE GAJAPATI Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE KANDHAMAL Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE BOUDH Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE SONEPUR Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE BOLANGIR Food Group

117 NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE NUAPADA Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE KALAHANDI Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE RAYAGADA Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE NAWRANGAPUR Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE KORAPUT Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE MALKANGIRI Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE ODISHA Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE

118 Annexure: 32 Value of consumption (Rs.0.00) of food and non-food per person for a period of 30 days for each quintile class of MPCE(URP) in urban Odisha (Reference period for clothing & bedding, footwear, education, medical (institutional) and durable goods: 30 days ) Item description Quantile class of MPCE ALL no. of hhs reporting consumption /1000 HHs sample BARAGARH Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE JHARSUGUDA Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE SAMBALPUR Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE DEOGARH Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE SUNDARGARH Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE

119 KEONJHAR Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE MAYURBHANJA Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE BALASORE OTAL Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE BHADRAK Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE KENDRAPARA Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE JAGATSINGHPUR Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE

120 CUTTACK Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE JAJPUR Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE DHENKANAL Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE ANGUL Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE NAYAGARH Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE KHURDA Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE

121 PURI Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE GANJAM Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE GAJAPATI Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE KANDHAMAL Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE BOUDH Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE SONEPUR Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE

122 BOLANGIR Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE NUAPADA Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE KALAHANDI Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE RAYAGADA Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE NAWRANGAPUR Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE KORAPUT Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE

123 MALKANGIRI Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE ODISHA Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Annexure: 33 Value of consumption (Rs.0.00) of food and non-food per person for a period of 30 days for each quintile class of MPCE(URP) in Odisha (Reference period for clothing & bedding, footwear, education, medical (institutional) and durable goods: 30 days ) Item description Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Quantile class of MPCE no. of hhs reporting consumption ALL /1000 HHs sample BARAGARH JHARSUGUDA SAMBALPUR DEOGARH SUNDARGARH

124 Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE OTAL Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE KEONJHAR MAYURBHANJA BALASORE BHADRAK KENDRAPARA JAGATSINGHPUR CUTTACK JAJPUR DHENKANAL ANGUL NAYAGARH Food Group NON Food Group EXPENDITURE 112

125 Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE KHURDA PURI GANJAM GAJAPATI KANDHAMAL BOUDH SONEPUR BOLANGIR NUAPADA KALAHANDI RAYAGADA Food Group NON Food Group EXPENDITURE 113

126 Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE NAWRANGAPUR KORAPUT MALKANGIRI ODISHA Annexure: 34 Table 1.6bpd: Value of consumption (Rs.0.00) of food and non-food per person for a period of 30 days for each quintile class of MPCE (MRP) in Rural Odisha. Reference period for clothing & bedding, footwear, education, medical (institutional) and durable goods: 365 days Item description Quantile class of MPCE ALL BARAGARH no. of hhs reporting consumption /1000 HHs 114 sample Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE JHARSUGUDA Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE SAMBALPUR Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE

127 DEOGARH Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE SUNDARGARH Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE KEONJHAR Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE MAYURBHANJA Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE BALASORE OTAL Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE BHADRAK Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE KENDRAPARA Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE JAGATSINGHPUR Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE

128 CUTTACK Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE JAJPUR Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE DHENKANAL Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE ANGUL Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE NAYAGARH Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE KHURDA Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE PURI Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE GANJAM Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE

129 GAJAPATI Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE KANDHAMAL Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE BOUDH Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE SONEPUR Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE BOLANGIR Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE NUAPADA Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE KALAHANDI Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE RAYAGADA Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE

130 NAWRANGAPUR Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE KORAPUT Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE MALKANGIRI Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE ODISHA Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE Annexure: 35 Table 1.6bpd: Value of consumption (Rs.0.00) of food and non-food per person for a period of 30 days for each quintile class of MPCE (MRP) in Urban Odisha. Reference period for clothing & bedding, footwear, education, medical (institutional) and durable goods: 365 days no. of hhs reporting Quantile class of MPCE consumption Item description / ALL HHs sample BARAGARH Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE JHARSUGUDA Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE

131 SAMBALPUR Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE DEOGARH Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE SUNDARGARH Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE KEONJHAR Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE MAYURBHANJA Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE BALASORE OTAL Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE BHADRAK Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE

132 KENDRAPARA Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE JAGATSINGHPUR Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE CUTTACK Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE JAJPUR Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE DHENKANAL Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE ANGUL Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE NAYAGARH Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE

133 KHURDA Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE PURI Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE GANJAM Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE GAJAPATI Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE KANDHAMAL Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE BOUDH Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE SONEPUR Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE

134 BOLANGIR Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE NUAPADA Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE KALAHANDI Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE RAYAGADA Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE NAWRANGAPUR Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE KORAPUT Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE MALKANGIRI Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE

135 ODISHA Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE Annexure: 36 Value of consumption (Rs.0.00) of food and non-food per person for a period of 30 days for each quintile class of MPCE (MRP) in Odisha. Reference period for clothing & bedding, footwear, education, medical (institutional) and durable goods: 365 days no. of hhs Quantile class of MPCE reporting consumption Item description ALL BARAGARH /1000 HHs sampl e Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE JHARSUGUDA Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE SAMBALPUR Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE DEOGARH Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE SUNDARGARH Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE

136 KEONJHAR Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE MAYURBHANJA Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE BALASORE OTAL Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE BHADRAK Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE KENDRAPARA Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE JAGATSINGHPUR Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE CUTTACK Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE JAJPUR Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE DHENKANAL Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE

137 ANGUL Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE NAYAGARH Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE KHURDA Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE PURI Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE GANJAM Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE GAJAPATI Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE KANDHAMAL Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE BOUDH Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE SONEPUR Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE

138 BOLANGIR Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE NUAPADA Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE KALAHANDI Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE RAYAGADA Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE NAWRANGAPUR Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE KORAPUT Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE MALKANGIRI Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE ODISHA Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE

139 Annexure: 37 Value of consumption (Rs.0.00) of food and non-food per person for a period of 30 days for each quantile class of MPCE(MMRP). Reference period for clothing & bedding, footwear, education, medical (institutional) and durable goods: 365 days Reference period for edible oil,egg fish meat, vegetables,fruits,spices,beverages,pan tobacco intoxicants: 7 days Sector : RURAL State: Odisha District Name Item description Quantile class of MPCE ALL no. of hhs reporting consumption 1000 HHs sample Baragarh Jharsuguda Sambalpur Deogarh Sundargarh Keonjhar Mayurbhanj Balasore Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE

140 Bhadrak Kendrapara Jagatsinghpur Cuttack Jajpur Dhenkanal Angul Nayagarh Khurda Puri Ganjam Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE

141 Gajapati Kandhamal Boudh Sonepur Bolangir Nuapada Kalahandi Rayagada Nawrangapur Koraput Malkangiri Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE

142 Odisha Annexure:38 Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE Value of consumption (Rs.0.00) of food and non-food per person for a period of 30 days for each quantile class of MPCE(MMRP). Reference period for clothing & bedding, footwear, education, medical (institutional) and durable goods: 365 days Reference period for edible oil,egg fish meat, vegetables,fruits,spices,beverages,pan tobacco intoxicants: 7 days District Name 2 Baragarh Jharsuguda Sambalpur Deogarh Sundargarh Keonjhar Mayurbhanj Item description Sector : URBAN Quantile class of MPCE State: Odisha ALL no. of hhs reporting consumption 1000 HHs sample Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE

143 Balasore Bhadrak Kendrapara Jagatsinghpur Cuttack Jajpur Dhenkanal Angul Nayagarh Khurda Puri Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE

144 Ganjam Gajapati Kandhamal Boudh Sonepur Bolangir Nuapada Kalahandi Rayagada Nawrangapur Koraput Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE

145 Malkangiri Odisha Annexure: 39 Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Value of consumption (Rs.0.00) of food and non-food per person for a period of 30 days for each quantile class of MPCE(MMRP). Reference period for clothing & bedding, footwear, education, medical (institutional) and durable goods: 365 days Reference period for edible oil,egg fish meat, vegetables,fruits,spices,beverages,pan tobacco intoxicants: 7 days District Name Item description Sector : ALL Quantile class of MPCE State: Odisha ALL no. of hhs reporting consumption HHs sample Baragarh Jharsuguda Sambalpur Deogarh Sundargarh Keonjhar Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE

146 Mayurbhanj Balasore Bhadrak Kendrapara Jagatsinghpur Cuttack Jajpur Dhenkanal Angul Nayagarh Khurda Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE

147 Puri Ganjam Gajapati Kandhamal Boudh Sonepur Bolangir Nuapada Kalahandi Rayagada Nawrangapur Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE

148 Koraput Malkangiri Odisha Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE

149 Annexure: 40 District Name RSE of Estimated number of households and persons by sex for each MPCE(MMRP) class Sector: RURAL central-sample.state: ODISHA Households Adults RSE Children Male Female Male Female Persons RSE of Sex Ratio RSE of average MPCE sam ple Hous ehol ds Baragarh Jharsuguda Sambalpur Deogarh Sundargarh Keonjhar Mayurbhanj Balasore Bhadrak Kendrapara Jagatsinghpur Cuttack Jajpur Dhenkanal Angul Nayagarh Khurda Puri Ganjam Gajapati Kandhamal Boudh Sonepur Bolangir Nuapada Kalahandi Rayagada Nawrangapur Koraput Malkangiri sampl e perso ns. ALL

150 Annexure: 41 District Name RSE of Estimated number of households and persons by sex for each MPCE(MMRP) class Sector: URBAN central-sample.state: ODISHA Househ olds Adults RSE Children Male Female Male Female Perso ns RSE of Sex Ratio RSE of average MPCE sample Househ olds Baragarh Jharsuguda Sambalpur Deogarh Sundargarh Keonjhar Mayurbhanj Balasore Bhadrak Kendrapara Jagatsinghpur Cuttack Jajpur Dhenkanal Angul Nayagarh Khurda Puri Ganjam Gajapati Kandhamal Boudh Sonepur Bolangir Nuapada Kalahandi Rayagada Nawrangapur Koraput Malkangiri samp le perso n. ALL

151 Annexure: 42 District Name RSE of Estimated number of households and persons by sex for each MPCE(MMRP) class Sector: ALL central-sample.state: ODISHA RSE RSE sam of ple Adults Children RSE of avera Hous Househol Femal Femal Person Sex ge ehol ds Male e Male e s Ratio MPCE ds sample persons Baragarh Jharsuguda Sambalpur Deogarh Sundargarh Keonjhar Mayurbhanj Balasore Bhadrak Kendrapara Jagatsinghpur Cuttack Jajpur Dhenkanal Angul Nayagarh Khurda Puri Ganjam Gajapati Kandhamal Boudh Sonepur Bolangir Nuapada Kalahandi Rayagada Nawrangapur Koraput Malkangiri ALL

152 Annexure: 43 RSE of Estimated number of households and persons by sex for each MPCE(MMRP) class District Name Sector: RURAL state sample.state: ODISHA Households Adults RSE Children Male Female Male Female Persons RSE of Sex Ratio RSE of average MPCE samp le Hous ehol ds Baragarh Jharsuguda Sambalpur Deogarh Sundargarh Keonjhar Mayurbhanj Balasore Bhadrak Kendrapara Jagatsinghpur Cuttack Jajpur Dhenkanal Angul Nayagarh Khurda Puri Ganjam Gajapati Kandhamal Boudh Sonepur Bolangir Nuapada Kalahandi Rayagada Nawrangapur Koraput Malkangiri sampl e perso ns ALL

153 Annexure: 44 RSE of Estimated number of households and persons by sex for each MPCE(MMRP) class District Name Sector: URBAN state-sample.state: ODISHA RSE Samp RSE le Adults Children of RSE of Hou Sex average seh Households Male Female Male Female Persons Ratio MPCE olds sample persons Baragarh Jharsuguda Sambalpur Deogarh Sundargarh Keonjhar Mayurbhanj Balasore Bhadrak Kendrapara Jagatsinghpur Cuttack Jajpur Dhenkanal Angul Nayagarh Khurda Puri Ganjam Gajapati Kandhamal Boudh Sonepur Bolangir Nuapada Kalahandi Rayagada Nawrangapur Koraput Malkangiri ALL

154 Annexure: 45 District Name RSE of Estimated number of households and persons by sex for each MPCE(MMRP) class Sector: ALL state-sample.state: ODISHA Households Adults RSE Children Male Female Male Female Persons RSE of Sex Ratio RSE of averag e MPCE samp le Hous ehold s sample persons Baragarh Jharsuguda Sambalpur Deogarh Sundargarh Keonjhar Mayurbhanj Balasore Bhadrak Kendrapara Jagatsinghpur Cuttack Jajpur Dhenkanal Angul Nayagarh Khurda Puri Ganjam Gajapati Kandhamal Boudh Sonepur Bolangir Nuapada Kalahandi Rayagada Nawrangapur Koraput Malkangiri ALL

155 Annexure: 46 RSE of Value of consumption of food and non-food per person for a period of 30 days for each quantile class of MPCE(MMRP). Reference period for clothing & bedding, footwear, education, medical (institutional) and durable goods: 365 days Reference period for edible oil,egg fish meat, vegetables,fruits,spices,beverages,pan tobacco intoxicants: 7 days District Name Baragarh Jharsuguda Sambalpur Deogarh Sundargarh Keonjhar Mayurbhanj Balasore Bhadrak Item description Sector : RURAL central-sample State: Odisha no. of hhs reporting Quantile class of MPCE and RSE consumption ALL HHs sample Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE

156 Kendrapara Jagatsinghpur Cuttack Jajpur Dhenkanal Angul Nayagarh Khurda Puri Ganjam Gajapati Kandhamal Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE

157 Boudh Sonepur Bolangir Nuapada Kalahandi Rayagada Nawrangapur Koraput Malkangiri Odisha Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE

158 Annexure: 47 RSE of Value of consumption of food and non-food per person for a period of 30 days for each quantile class of MPCE(MMRP). Reference period for clothing & bedding, footwear, education, medical (institutional) and durable goods: 365 days Reference period for edible oil,egg fish meat, vegetables,fruits,spices,beverages,pan tobacco intoxicants: 7 days District Name Baragarh Jharsuguda Sambalpur Deogarh Sundargarh Keonjhar Mayurbhanj Balasore Sector : URBAN central-sample State: Odisha no. of hhs reporting Quantile class of MPCE and RSE consumption 1000 Item description ALL HHs sample Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE

159 Bhadrak Kendrapara Jagatsinghpur Cuttack Jajpur Dhenkanal Angul Nayagarh Khurda Puri Ganjam Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE

160 Gajapati Kandhamal Boudh Sonepur Bolangir Nuapada Kalahandi Rayagada Nawrangapur Koraput Malkangiri Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE

161 Odisha Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Annexure: 48 RSE of Value of consumption of food and non-food per person for a period of 30 days for each quantile class of MPCE(MMRP). Reference period for clothing & bedding, footwear, education, medical (institutional) and durable goods: 365 days Reference period for edible oil,egg fish meat, vegetables,fruits,spices,beverages,pan tobacco intoxicants: 7 days District Name Item description Sector : ALL central-sample State: Odisha no. of households Quantile class of MPCE and RSE reporting consumption ALL Households sample Food Group NON-Food Group Baragarh EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group Jharsuguda EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group Sambalpur EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group Deogarh EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group Sundargarh EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group Keonjhar EXPENDITURE Mayurbhanj Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE

162 Food Group NON-Food Group Balasore EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group Bhadrak EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group Kendrapara EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group Jagatsinghpur EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group Cuttack EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group Jajpur EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group Dhenkanal EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group Angul EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group Nayagarh Khurda EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group Puri EXPENDITURE

163 Food Group NON-Food Group Ganjam EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group Gajapati EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group Kandhamal EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group Boudh EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group Sonepur EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group Bolangir EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group Nuapada EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group Kalahandi EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group Rayagada EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group Nawrangapur EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group Koraput EXPENDITURE

164 Food Group NON-Food Group Malkangiri EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group Odisha EXPENDITURE Annexure: 49 RSE of Value of consumption of food and non-food per person for a period of 30 days for each quantile class of MPCE(MMRP). Reference period for clothing & bedding, footwear, education, medical (institutional) and durable goods: 365 days Reference period for edible oil,egg fish meat, vegetables,fruits,spices,beverages,pan tobacco intoxicants: 7 days District Name Item description Sector : RURAL State-sample State: Odisha no. of hhs reporting Quantile class of MPCE and RSE consumption ALL 1000 HHs sample Food Group NON-Food Group Baragarh EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group Jharsuguda EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group Sambalpur EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group Deogarh EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group Sundargarh EXPENDITURE

165 Food Group NON-Food Group Keonjhar EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group Mayurbhanj EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group Balasore EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group Bhadrak EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group Kendrapara EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group Jagatsinghpur EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group Cuttack EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group Jajpur EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group Dhenkanal EXPENDITURE Angul Food Group NON-Food Group EXPENDITURE

166 Food Group NON-Food Group Nayagarh EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group Khurda EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group Puri EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group Ganjam EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group Gajapati EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group Kandhamal EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group Boudh EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group Sonepur EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group Bolangir EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group Nuapada EXPENDITURE

167 Food Group NON-Food Group Kalahandi EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group Rayagada EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group Nawrangapur EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group Koraput EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group Malkangiri EXPENDITURE Food Group NON-Food Group Odisha EXPENDITURE Annexure: 50 RSE of Value of consumption of food and non-food per person for a period of 30 days for each quantile class of MPCE(MMRP). Reference period for clothing & bedding, footwear, education, medical (institutional) and durable goods: 365 days Reference period for edible oil,egg fish meat, vegetables,fruits,spices,beverages,pan tobacco intoxicants: 7 days District Name Item description Sector : URBAN state-sample State: Odisha no. of hhs reporting Quantile class of MPCE and RSE consumption ALL HHs sample Baragarh Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE

168 Jharsuguda Sambalpur Deogarh Sundargarh Keonjhar Mayurbhanj Balasore Bhadrak Kendrapara Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Jagatsinghpur 156

169 Cuttack Jajpur Dhenkanal Angul Nayagarh Khurda Puri Ganjam Gajapati Kandhamal Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE

170 Boudh Sonepur Bolangir Nuapada Kalahandi Rayagada Nawrangapur Koraput Malkangiri Odisha Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE

171 Annexure: 51 RSE of Value of consumption of food and non-food per person for a period of 30 days for each quantile class of MPCE (MMRP). Reference period for clothing & bedding, footwear, education, medical (institutional) and durable goods: 365 days Reference period for edible oil,egg fish meat, vegetables,fruits,spices,beverages,pan tobacco intoxicants: 7 days District Name Baragarh Jharsuguda Sambalpur Deogarh Sundargarh Keonjhar Mayurbhanj Sector : All state-sample State: Odisha no. of households reporting Quantile class of MPCE and RSE consumption Item 1000 description ALL Houeholds sample Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE

172 Food Group NON- Food Group Balasore EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group Bhadrak EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group Kendrapara EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group Jagatsinghpur EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group Cuttack EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group Jajpur EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group Dhenkanal EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group Angul EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group Nayagarh EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group Khurda EXPENDITURE

173 Puri Ganjam Gajapati Kandhamal Boudh Sonepur Bolangir Nuapada Kalahandi Rayagada Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE

174 Nawrangapur Koraput Malkangiri Odisha Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE Food Group NON- Food Group EXPENDITURE

175 Appendix-C Schedule 0.0 &

176 Schedule 0.0:164 RURAL * GOVERNMENT OF INDIA CENTRAL * URBAN NATIONAL SAMPLE SURVEY OFFICE STATE SOCIO-ECONOMIC SURVEY SIXTY-EIGHTH ROUND: JULY 2011 JUNE 2012 SCHEDULE 0.0: LIST OF HOUSEHOLDS [0] descriptive identification of sample FSU 1. state/u.t.: 4. village name: 2. district: 5. ward/investigator unit: 3. tehsil/town*: 6. block: [1] identification of sample FSU item no. item code item no. item 1. serial number of sample 11. sub-sample village/block 12. FOD sub-region 2. round number frame code 3. schedule number frame population / 4. sample (central-1, state-2) 15. approx. present population 5. sector (rural-1, urban-2) 16. total number of hg s/sb s 6. NSS region formed (D) 7. district 17. survey code 8. stratum 18. reason code for substitution 9. sub-stratum 10. sub-round of original sample (for codes 4 7 in item 17) code items 1, 4 11 and to be copied from the sample list CODES FOR BLOCK 1 item 13: frame code: rural: 2001 census 13 urban: UFS 06, UFS 07, UFS 09, UFS 11, UFS 14, UFS 15 item 17: survey code: selected village/block surveyed: inhabited 1, uninhabited 2, zero case 3 selected village/block casualty but substitute village/block surveyed: inhabited 4, uninhabited 5, zero case 6 selected village/block casualty and no substitute surveyed 7 item 18: reason for substitution of original sample (code): sample village/block: *tick mark ( ) may be put in the appropriate population for rural FSU and households for urban FSU not identifiable/traceable 1 not accessible 2 restricted area (not permitted to survey) 3 others (specify) 9 164

177 Schedule 0.0:165 [2] particulars of field operations srl. investigator/ asst. item supervisory officer no. superintending officer (1) (2) (3) (4) 1. (i) name (block letters) (ii) code 2. date(s) of: DD MM YY DD MM YY (i) commencement of survey/ inspection (ii) completion of survey / inspection (ii) receipt (iii) scrutiny (iv) despatch 3. number of additional sheet(s) attached total time taken to canvass the schedule (in hours) [no decimal point] whether schedule contains remarks (yes-1, no-2) 6. signature (i) in block 8/ 9 (ii) elsewhere in the schedule [8] remarks by investigator/ asst. superintending officer [9] comments by supervisory officer(s) 165

178 Schedule 0.0:166 [3] sketch map of hamlet-group (hg)/sub-block (sb) formation 166

179 Schedule 0.0:167 [4.1] list of hamlets (only for rural samples with hg formation) [4.2] list and selection of hamlet-groups (hg s)/ sub-blocks (sb s) D = serial number name of hamlet % of population serial no. of hg/ sb serial no. of hamlets in the hg (rural only) % of population in the hg/ sb sampling serial number of the hg/ sb * sample hg/ sb number # (1) (2) (3) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) total 100 total 100 * 0 for hg/ sb having maximum percentage share of population # 1 for hg/sb with '0' in col (4) 167

180 Schedule 0.0:168 [7] distance of the village to the nearest facility, availability of some amenities and participation in MGNREG work (for inhabited villages only) village (for inhabited villages only) srl. no. item distance (in code) srl. no. item distance (in code) (1) (2) (3) (1) (2) (3) distance to the nearest facility (code): for items 1 23 and 24(b) 1. gram panchayat headquarters 16. post office 2. bus stop 17. fair price shop 3. boat jetty 18. cooperative credit society 4. metalled road 19. commercial bank school having primary level classes school having secondary level classes 20. PCO 21. veterinary hospital/ dispensary 7. higher secondary school/ junior college 8. health sub-centre/ dispensary 9. primary health centre 10. community health centre 22. fertilizer/ pesticide shop agricultural produce market / rural primary market availability of amenities (code): for items (a) major source drinking water (code) (b) distance 11. government hospital 25. type of drainage arrangement (code) 12. AYUSH Unit 26. electricity connection (code) 13. private clinic/ doctor participation in MGNREG work 14. medicine shop 15. anganwadi centre (ICDS) informant code CODES FOR BLOCK whether the villagers participated in MGNREG programme during last 365 days (yes 1, no 2) items 1 to 23 and 24 (b): distance (in code): within village 1; outside village: less than 5 kms 2, 5 kms or more 3 item 24 (a): major source of drinking water: bottled water 01, tap 02, tube well / hand pump 03, well: protected 04, unprotected 05; tank / pond (reserved for drinking) 06, other tank / pond 07, river/ canal/ lake 08, spring 10, harvested rainwater 11, others 19 item 25: type of drainage arrangement: underground 1, covered pucca 2, open pucca 3, open katcha 4, no drainage 5 item 26: electricity connection: yes: (percentage of households connected) P < 25% 1, 25% P < 50% 2, P 50% 3; no 4 item 28: informant code: sarpanch (male) 1, sarpanch (female) 2, other panchayat member 3, patwari/ gram sevak 4, teacher 5, health personnel 6, others 9

181 Schedule 0.0:169 [6] particulars of sampling of households schedule hg/sb number * population second stage stratum (SSS) number of households listed (H) selected (h) number of households originally selected surveyed substituted total [col.7+ col.8] casualty [col.6- col.9] number of households replaced (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) all 1 (type 1) all all (type 2) all all all * If no hg/sb is formed, entries may be made against hg/sb number 1 169

182 Schedule 0.0:170 [5.1] working sheet for identifying relatively affluent households (hg 1/2)* (rural only) serial number household serial name of head of household does the household own? (yes 1, no 2) motor car, jeep, tractor, combine-harvester, truck, bus etc. refrigerator/washing machine spacious pucca house in good condition any member doctor/ advocate/ high salaried job/ large business, etc. cultivable land owned (0.0 ha) ( if 7 ha) irrigated land owned (0.0 ha) (if 3.5 ha) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) number of heads of cattle, buffaloes and camels (if 10) local knowledgeable person (code): (codes: sarpanch (male) 1, sarpanch (female) 2, other panchayat member 3, patwari/ gram sevak 4, teacher 5, health personnel 6, others 9) * strike out which is not encircle serial numbers of top 10 relatively affluent households 170

183 [5] list of households and record of selection for households (hg/sb 1 / 2)* house number household serial number name of head of household household size rural only relatively affluent household (yes 1, no 2) principal earning from nonagrl activity (yes 1, no 2) average monthly total consumer expenditure for the entire household (Rs) urban only MPCE (Rs) (col. 7 col. 4) MPCE (code) Schedule 0.0: 171 sample household number sampling serial Schedule 1.0 Schedule 1.0 number@ Schedule 10 (Type 1) (Type 2) SSS SSS SSS SSS H= H= H= h= h= h= h= h= h= h= h= h= (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17) (18) (19) (20) (21) page total cum. rural urban col. 5 col. 6 SSS col. 9 SSS col. (9): MPCE code: MPCE B 1, A MPCE B 2, MPCE < A / * strike out which is not applicable

184 [5] list of households and record of selection for households (hg/sb 1 / 2)* house number household serial number name of head of household household size rural only relatively affluent household (yes 1, no 2) principal earning from nonagrl activity (yes 1, no 2) average monthly total consumer expenditure for the entire household (Rs) urban only MPCE (Rs) (col. 7 col. 4) MPCE (code) Schedule 0.0: 172 sample household number sampling serial Schedule 1.0 Schedule 1.0 number@ Schedule 10 (Type 1) (Type 2) SSS SSS SSS SSS H= H= H= h= h= h= h= h= h= h= h= h= (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17) (18) (19) (20) (21) page total cum. rural urban col. 5 col. 6 SSS col. 9 SSS col. (9): MPCE code: MPCE B 1, A MPCE B 2, MPCE < A / * strike out which is not applicable

185 Schedule Type 2 Schedule 1.0:173 RURAL * CENTRAL * URBAN STATE GOVERNMENT OF INDIA NATIONAL SAMPLE SURVEY OFFICE SOCIO-ECONOMIC SURVEY SIXTY-EIGHTH ROUND: JULY JUNE 2012 SCHEDULE 1.0: CONSUMER EXPENDITURE Schedule Type 2 [0] descriptive identification of sample household 1. state/u.t.: 5. hamlet name: 2. district: 6. ward/inv. unit/block: 3. tehsil/town: 7. name of head of household: 4. village name: 8. name of informant: [1] identification of sample household item no. item code item no. item code 1. srl. no. of sample village/ block 11. sub-sample 2. round number FOD sub-region 3. schedule number sample hamlet-group/sub-block number 4. sample (central-1, state-2) 14. second stage stratum 5. sector (rural-1, urban-2) 15. sample household number 6. NSS region 16. srl. no. of informant (as in col.1, block 4) 7. district 17. response code 8. stratum 18. survey code 9. sub-stratum 19. reason for substitution of original household (code) 10. sub-round 20. schedule type 2 CODES FOR BLOCK 1 item 17: response code : informant: co-operative and capable -1, co-operative but not capable -2, busy -3, reluctant - 4, others - 9 item 18: survey code : original 1, substitute 2, casualty 3 item 19: reason for substitution of original household : informant busy -1, members away from home -2, informant non-cooperative -3, others - 9 * tick mark ( ) may be put in the appropriate place. 173

186 Schedule Type 2 Schedule 1.0:174 [2] particulars of field operations srl. investigator /Asstt. item no. Superintending Officer supervisory officer (1) (2) (3) (4) 1. i) name (block letters) ii) code 2. date(s) of : DD MM YY DD MM YY (i) survey/inspection (ii) receipt (iii) scrutiny (iv) despatch 3. number of additional sheets attached 4. total time taken to canvass schedule 1.0 (in minutes) 5. whether schedule contains remarks (yes-1, no-2) 6. signature (i) in block 14/15 (ii) elsewhere in the schedule 174

187 Schedule Type 2 Schedule 1.0:175 [3] household characteristics 1. household size during July 2010 to June description: 2. principal 2011 industry (NIC-2008) code (5-digit) 3. principal occupation (NCO- 2004) description: code (3-digit) primary source of energy for 14. land cultivated (0.000 ha) 15. land irrigated (0.000 ha) 16. cooking (code) 17. lighting (code) 4. household type (code) 18. dwelling unit code (owned-1, hired-2, no 5. religion (code) dwelling unit-3, others-9) 6. social group (code) 19. is any member of the household a regular 7. whether owns any land (yes-1, no -2) salary earner? (yes-1, no -2) 8. if yes in item 7, type of land owned (homestead only 1, homestead and other land 2, other land only 3) land as on the date of survey (in hectares) 9. owned 20. did the household perform any ceremony during the last 30 days? (yes 1, no 2) 21. no. of meals served to non-household members during the last 30 days 10. leased-in 22. does the household possess ration card? 11. otherwise possessed (neither owned (yes-1, no -2) nor leased-in) 23. if yes in item 22, type of ration card (code) 12. leased-out 24. monthly per capita 13. total possessed [items ( )] expenditure (Rs. 0.00) [item 43, bl. 12] CODES FOR BLOCK 3 item 4: household type : for rural areas: self-employed in: agriculture -1, non-agriculture - 2; regular wage/salary earning - 3, casual labour in: agriculture - 4, non-agriculture -5; others-9 for urban areas: self-employed-1, regular wage/salary earning-2, casual labour-3, others-9 item 5: religion : Hinduism-1, Islam-2, Christianity -3, Sikhism-4, Jainism-5, Buddhism-6, Zoroastrianism-7, others-9 item 6: social group : Scheduled Tribes-1, Scheduled Castes-2, Other Backward Classes-3, others-9 item 16: primary source of energy for cooking : coke, coal-01, firewood and chips-02, LPG-03, gobar gas-04, dung cake-05, charcoal-06, kerosene-07, electricity-08, others-09, no cooking arrangement-10 item 17: primary source of energy for lighting : kerosene-1, other oil -2, gas-3, candle-4, electricity-5, others-9, no lighting arrangement-6 item 23: ration card type: Antyodaya -1, BPL 2, others - 3 Note: 1 acre = hectare 175

188 Schedule Type 2 Schedule 1.0:176 [4] demographic and other particulars of household members srl. no. name of member relation to head (code) sex (male-1, female-2) age (years) marital status (code) general educational level (code) no. of days stayed away from home during last 30 days no. of meals usually taken in a day from school, balwadi, etc. no. of meals taken during last 30 days away from home free of cost from employer as perquisites or part of wage others on payment at home (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) CODES FOR BLOCK 4 Col. (3) : relation to head: self-1, spouse of head-2, married child-3, spouse of married child-4, unmarried child-5, grandchild-6, father/mother/father-in-law/mother-in-law-7, brother/sister/brother-inlaw/sister-in-law/other relatives-8, servants/employees/other non-relatives-9 Col.(6) : marital status: never married 1, currently married 2, widowed 3, divorced/separated 4 Col. (7): general educational level: not literate -01, literate without formal schooling: through EGS/NFEC/AEC - 02, through TLC -03, others- 04; literate with formal schooling: below primary -05, primary -06, middle -07, secondary - 08, higher secondary -10, diploma/certificate course -11, graduate -12, postgraduate and above

189 Schedule Type 2 Schedule 1.0:177 [5.1] consumption of cereals, pulses, milk and milk products, sugar and salt during the last 30 days ended on... consumption out of total consumption home produce source item code quantity@ value quantity@ value code (0.000) (Rs.) (0.000) (Rs.) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) rice PDS rice other sources 102 chira 103 khoi, lawa 104 muri 105 * other rice products 106 * wheat/ atta PDS wheat/ atta other sources 108 maida 110 suji, rawa 111 * sewai, noodles 112 * bread (bakery) 113 * other wheat products 114 * jowar & its products 115 bajra & its products 116 maize & products 117 barley & its products 118 small millets & their products 120 ragi & its products 121 other cereals 122 cereal: sub-total ( ) 129 cereal substitutes: tapioca, etc. 139 arhar, tur 140 gram: split 141 gram: whole 142 moong 143 masur 144 urd 145 peas 146 khesari 147 other pulses 148 gram products 150 besan 151 other pulse products 152 pulses & pulse products: s.t. ( ) is kg unless otherwise specified in col.(1). $ Source code: only purchase 1, only home-grown stock 2, both purchase and home-grown stock 3, only free collection 4, only exchange of goods and services 5, only gifts / charities 6, others 9 *Source code cannot be 2, 3 or 4 for these items. For home-processed items such as muri, consumption should be recorded against ingredients (e.g. home-produced muri: record against rice). 177

190 Schedule Type 2 Schedule 1.0:178 [5.1] consumption of cereals, pulses, milk and milk products, sugar and salt during the last 30 days ended on... consumption out of total consumption home produce source item code quantity@ value quantity@ value code (0.000) (Rs.) (0.000) (Rs.) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) milk: liquid (litre) 160 baby food 161 * milk: condensed/ powder 162 * curd 163 * ghee 164 * butter 165 * ice-cream 166 * other milk products 167 * milk & milk products: s.t.( ) 169 salt 170 sugar - PDS sugar - other sources 172 * gur 173 candy, misri 174 * honey 175 salt & sugar: s.t. ( ) is kg unless otherwise specified in col.(1). $ Source code: only purchase 1, only home-grown stock 2, both purchase and home-grown stock 3, only free collection 4, only exchange of goods and services 5, only gifts / charities 6, others 9 *Source code cannot be 2, 3 or 4 for these items. For home-processed items consumption should be recorded against ingredients. 178

191 Schedule Type 2 F2+ items: Ref. Period last 7 days Schedule 1.0:179 [5.2] consumption of edible oil, egg, fish and meat, vegetables, fruits, spices, beverages and processed food and pan, tobacco and intoxicants during the last 7 days ended on... item code consumption out of total consumption home produce source $ quantity@ value quantity@ value (0.000) (Rs.) (0.000) (Rs.) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) vanaspati, margarine 180 * mustard oil 181 groundnut oil 182 coconut oil 183 refined oil [sunflower, 184 soyabean, saffola, etc.] edible oil: others 185 edible oil: s.t. ( ) 189 eggs (no.) 190 fish, prawn 191 goat meat/mutton 192 beef/ buffalo meat 193 pork 194 chicken 195 others: birds, crab, oyster, tortoise, etc. egg, fish & meat: s.t. ( ) potato 200 onion 201 tomato 202 brinjal 203 radish 204 carrot 205 palak/other leafy vegetables 206 green chillies 207 lady's finger 208 parwal/patal, kundru 210 cauliflower 211 cabbage 212 gourd, pumpkin 213 peas 214 beans, barbati 215 lemon (no.) 216 other vegetables 217 vegetables: s.t. ( ) is kg unless otherwise specified in col(1). $ Source code: only purchase 1, only home-grown stock 2, both purchase and home-grown stock 3, only free collection 4, only exchange of goods and services 5, only gifts / charities 6, others 9 *Source code cannot be 2, 3 or 4 for these items. For home-processed items consumption should be recorded against ingredients. 179

192 Schedule Type 2 F2+ items: Ref. Period last 7 days Schedule 1.0:180 [5.2] consumption of edible oil, egg, fish and meat, vegetables, fruits, spices, beverages and processed food and pan, tobacco and intoxicants during the last 7 days ended on... consumption out of home produce total consumption source $ item code quantity@ (0.000) value (Rs.) quantity@ (0.000) value (Rs.) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) banana (no.) 220 jackfruit 221 watermelon 222 pineapple (no.) 223 coconut (no.) 224 green coconut (no.) 225 guava 226 singara 227 orange, mausami (no.) 228 papaya 230 mango 231 kharbooza 232 pears/nashpati 233 berries 234 leechi 235 apple 236 grapes 237 other fresh fruits 238 fruits (fresh): s.t. ( ) 239 coconut: copra 240 groundnut 241 dates 242 cashewnut 243 walnut 244 other nuts 245 raisin, kishmish, monacca, etc. 246 other dry fruits 247 fruits (dry): s.t. ( ) 249 ginger (gm) 250 garlic (gm) 251 jeera (gm) 252 dhania (gm) 253 turmeric (gm) 254 black pepper (gm) 255 dry chillies (gm) 256 tamarind (gm) 257 curry powder (gm) 258 oilseeds (gm) 260 other spices (gm) 261 spices: s.t. ( ) is kg unless otherwise specified in col.(1). $ Source code: only purchase 1, only home-grown stock 2, both purchase and home-grown stock 3, only free collection 4, only exchange of goods and services 5, only gifts / charities 6, others 9 180

193 Schedule Type 2 F2+ items: Ref. Period last 7 days Schedule 1.0:181 [5.2] consumption of edible oil, egg, fish and meat, vegetables, fruits, spices, beverages and processed food and pan, tobacco and intoxicants during the last 7 days ended on... consumption out of home produce total consumption source $ item code quantity@ (0.000) value (Rs.) quantity@ (0.000) value (Rs.) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) tea: cups (no.) 270 tea: leaf (gm) 271 coffee: cups (no.) 272 coffee: powder (gm) 273 mineral water (litre) 274 cold beverages: bottled/canned (litre) 275 * fruit juice and shake (litre) 276 * other beverages: cocoa, chocolate, etc. 277 * beverages: sub-total ( ) 279 cooked meals purchased (no.) 280 cooked meals received free in 281 workplace κ (no.) cooked meals received as assistance κ 282 (no.) cooked snacks purchased [samosa, 283 * puri, paratha, burger, chowmein, idli, dosa, vada, chops, pakoras, pao bhaji, etc.] other served processed food** 284 * served processed food: sub-total ( ) 289 prepared sweets, cake, pastry 290 * biscuits, chocolates, etc. 291 * papad, bhujia, namkeen, mixture, 292 * chanachur chips (gm) 293 * pickles (gm) 294 * sauce, jam, jelly (gm) 295 * other packaged processed food 296 * packaged processed food: sub-total ( ) 299 pan: leaf (no.) 300 pan: finished (no.) 301 * ingredients for pan (gm) 302 pan: s.t. ( ) is kg unless otherwise specified in col(1). $ Source code: only purchase 1, only home-grown stock 2, both purchase and home-grown stock 3, only free collection 4, only exchange of goods and services 5, only gifts / charities 6, others 9 *Source code cannot be 2, 3 or 4 for these items. For home-processed items consumption should be recorded against ingredients. κ Do not include cooked meals received from other households. ** includes chaat, golgappa (phuchka), bhel puri, etc. 181

194 Schedule Type 2 F2+ items: Ref. Period last 7 days Schedule 1.0:182 [5.2] consumption of edible oil, egg, fish and meat, vegetables, fruits, spices, beverages and processed food and pan, tobacco and intoxicants during the last 7 days ended on... consumption out of home produce total consumption source $ item code quantity@ (0.000) value (Rs.) quantity@ (0.000) value (Rs.) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) bidi (no.) 310 cigarettes (no.) 311 leaf tobacco (gm) 312 snuff (gm) 313 hookah tobacco (gm) 314 cheroot (no.) 315 zarda, kimam, surti (gm) 316 other tobacco products 317 tobacco: s.t. ( ) 319 ganja (gm) 320 toddy (litre) 321 * country liquor (litre) 322 * beer (litre) 323 * foreign/refined liquor or wine (litre) 324 * (litre) other intoxicants 325 intoxicants: s.t. ( ) 329 [6] consumption of energy (fuel, light and household appliances) during the last 30 days ended on... item code consumption out of home produce total consumption source $ quantity@ (0.000) value (Rs.) quantity@ (0.000) value (Rs.) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) coke 330 firewood and chips 331 * electricity (std. unit) 332 dung cake 333 kerosene PDS (litre) kerosene other sources (litre) 335 * matches (box) 336 * coal 337 LPG [excl. conveyance] 338 * charcoal 340 candle (no.) 341 gobar gas 342 petrol (litre) [excl. conveyance] 343 * diesel (litre) [excl. conveyance] 344 * other fuel 345 fuel and light: s.t. ( ) is kg unless otherwise specified in col(1). $ Source code: only purchase 1, only home-grown stock 2, both purchase and home-grown stock 3, only free collection 4, only exchange of goods and services 5, only gifts / charities 6, others 9. *Source code cannot be 2, 3 or 4 for these items. 182

195 Schedule Type 2 Schedule 1.0:183 [7] consumption of clothing, bedding, etc. during the last 365 days ended on... Item code quantity value (0.000) (Rs.) (1) (2) (3) (4) clothing: first-hand dhoti (no.) 350 saree (no.) 351 cloth for shirt, pyjama, kurta, salwar, etc. (metre) 352 cloth for coat, trousers, suit, etc. (metre) 353 coat, jacket, sweater, windcheater (no.) 354 shawl, chaddar (no.) 355 school/college uniform: boys 356 school/college uniform: girls 357 kurta-pajama suits: males (no.) 358 kurta-pajama suits: females (no.) 360 kurta, kameez (no.) 361 pajamas, salwar (no.) 362 shirts, T-shirts (no.) 363 shorts, trousers, bermudas (no.) 364 frocks, skirts, etc. (no.) 365 blouse, dupatta, scarf, muffler (no.) 366 lungi (no.) 367 other casual wear* 368 baniyan, socks, other hosiery and undergarments, etc.(no.) 370 gamchha, towel, handkerchief (no.) 371 infant clothing 372 headwear, belts, ties (no.) 373 knitting wool (gm) 374 clothing (first-hand): other 375 clothing: second-hand 376 clothing: sub-total ( ) 379 bed sheet, bed cover (no.) 380 rug, blanket (no.) 381 pillow, quilt, mattress (no.) 382 cloth for upholstery, curtains, tablecloth, etc. (metre) 383 mosquito net (no.) 384 bedding: others 385 bedding, etc.: s.t. ( ) 389 * incl. maxis, nightdresses 183

196 Schedule Type 2 Schedule 1.0:184 [8] consumption of footwear during the last 365 days ended on... item code no. of pairs (1) (2) (3) (4) leather boots, shoes 390 leather sandals, chappals, etc. 391 other leather footwear 392 rubber / PVC footwear 393 other footwear 394 footwear: second-hand 395 footwear: sub-total ( ) 399 value (Rs.) [9] expenditure on education and medical (institutional) goods and services during the last 365 days ended on. value item code (Rs.) (1) (2) (3) books, journals: first hand 400 books, journals, etc.: second hand 401 newspapers, periodicals 402 library charges 403 stationery, photocopying charges 404 tuition and other fees (school, college, etc.) 405 private tutor/ coaching centre 406 educational CD 407 other educational expenses (incl. fees for enrollment in web-based training) 408 education: s.t. ( ) 409 medicine 410 X-ray, ECG, pathological test, etc. 411 doctor's/surgeon's fee 412 hospital & nursing home charges 413 other medical expenses 414 medical - institutional: s.t. ( )

197 Schedule Type 2 Schedule 1.0:185 [10] expenditure on miscellaneous goods and services including medical (non-institutional), rents and taxes during the last 30 days ended on... Item code value value item code (Rs.) (Rs.) (1) (2) (3) (1) (2) (3) medicine 420 toilet soap 450 X-ray, ECG, pathological test, etc. 421 toothpaste, toothbrush, comb, etc. 451 doctor s/ surgeon s fee 422 powder, snow, cream, lotion and 452 family planning devices 423 perfume other medical expenses 424 hair oil, shampoo, hair cream 453 medical non-institutional: sub-total 429 shaving blades, shaving stick, razor 454 ( ) shaving cream, aftershave lotion 455 sanitary napkins 456 cinema, theatre 430 other toilet articles 457 mela, fair, picnic 431 toilet articles: sub-total ( ) 459 sports goods, toys, etc. 432 club fees 433 electric bulb, tubelight 460 goods for recreation and hobbies 434 electric batteries 461 photography 435 other non-durable electric goods 462 VCD/ DVD hire (incl. instrument) 436 earthenware 463 cable TV 437 glassware 464 other entertainment 438 bucket, water bottle/ feeding bottle 465 entertainment: sub-total ( ) 439 & other plastic goods coir, rope, etc. 466 spectacles 440 washing soap/soda/powder 467 torch 441 other washing requisites 468 lock 442 incense (agarbatti), room freshener 470 umbrella, raincoat 443 flower (fresh): all purposes 471 lighter (bidi/ cigarette/ gas stove) 444 mosquito repellent, insecticide, acid 472 other minor durable-type goods 445 etc. minor durable-type goods: sub- 449 other petty articles 473 total ( ) other household consumables: 479 sub-total ( ) 185

198 Schedule Type 2 Schedule 1.0:186 [10] expenditure on miscellaneous goods and services including medical (non-institutional), rents and taxes during the last 30 days ended on... Item code value value item code (Rs.) (Rs.) (1) (2) (3) (1) (2) (3) domestic servant/cook 480 air fare 500 attendant 481 railway fare 501 sweeper 482 bus/tram fare 502 barber, beautician, etc. 483 taxi, auto-rickshaw fare 503 washerman, laundry, ironing 484 steamer, boat fare 504 tailor 485 rickshaw (hand drawn & cycle) fare 505 grinding charges 486 horse cart fare 506 telephone charges: landline* 487 porter charges 507 telephone charges: mobile 488 petrol for vehicle 508 postage & telegram 490 diesel for vehicle 510 miscellaneous expenses 491 lubricants & other fuels for vehicle 511 priest 492 school bus, van, etc. 512 legal expenses 493 other conveyance expenses 513 repair charges for non-durables 494 conveyance: sub-total ( ) 519 pet animals (incl. birds, fish) 495 internet expenses 496 house rent, garage rent (actual) 520* other consumer services excluding 497 hotel lodging charges 521 conveyance residential land rent 522* consumer services excluding 499 other consumer rent 523 conveyance: sub-total ( ) rent: sub-total ( ) 529 house rent, garage rent (imputed- 539 urban only) water charges 540* other consumer taxes & cesses 541* consumer taxes and cesses: sub- 549 total ( ) *The value may be derived as the amount last paid divided by the number of months for which amount was paid. 186

199 Schedule Type 2 Schedule 1.0:187 [11] expenditure for purchase and construction (including repair and maintenance) of durable goods for domestic use during the last 365 days ended on... description item code whether possessed on the date of survey (yes-1, no-2) no. purchas - ed first-hand purchase whether hire purchased (yes-1, no-2) value (Rs.) cost of raw materials and services for construction and repair (Rs.) no. purchased second-hand purchase value (Rs.) total expenditure (Rs.) [(6)+(7)+(9)] (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) bedstead 550 almirah, dressing table 551 chair, stool, bench, table 552 suitcase, trunk, box, 553 handbag and other travel goods foam, rubber cushion 554 carpet, daree & other floor mattings paintings, drawings, engravings, etc. other furniture & fixtures (couch, sofa, etc.) furniture & fixtures: sub-total ( ) radio, tape recorder, 2-in television 561 VCR/VCD/DVD player 562 camera & photographic 563 equipment CD, DVD, audio/video 564 cassette, etc musical instruments 565 other goods for recreation 566 goods for recreation: sub-total ( )

200 Schedule Type 2 Schedule 1.0:188 [11] expenditure for purchase and construction (including repair and maintenance) of durable goods for domestic use during the last 365 days ended on... description item code whether possessed on the date of survey (yes-1, no-2) no. purchased first-hand purchase whether hire purchased (yes-1, no-2) value (Rs.) cost of raw materials and services for construction and repair (Rs.) no. purchased second-hand purchase value (Rs.) total expenditure (Rs.) [(6)+(7)+(9)] (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) stainless steel utensils 570 other metal utensils 571 casseroles, thermos, 572 thermoware other crockery & utensils 573 crockery & utensils: subtotal ( ) 579 electric fan 580 air conditioner, air cooler 581 inverter 582 lantern, lamp, electric 583 lampshade sewing machine 584 washing machine 585 stove, gas burner 586 pressure cooker/ pressure 587 pan refrigerator 588 water purifier 590 electric iron, heater, toaster, oven & other electric heating appliances other cooking/ household appliances cooking & other household appliances: sub-total ( ) bicycle 600 motor cycle, scooter 601 motor car, jeep 602 tyres & tubes 603 other transport equipment 604 personal transport equipment: sub-total ( )

201 Schedule Type 2 Schedule 1.0:189 [11] expenditure for purchase and construction (including repair and maintenance) of durable goods for domestic use during the last 365 days ended on... description item code whether possessed on the date of survey (yes-1, no-2) no. purchased first-hand purchase whether hire purchased (yes-1, no-2) value (Rs.) cost of raw materials and services for construction and repair (Rs.) second-hand purchase no. purchased value (Rs.) total expenditure (Rs.) [(6)+(7)+(9)] (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) contact lenses, hearing aids 610 & orthopaedic equipment other medical equipment 611 therapeutic appliances: sub-total ( ) 619 clock, watch 620 other machines for 621 household work PC/ Laptop/ other 622 peripherals incl. software mobile handset 623 telephone instrument 624 (landline) any other personal goods 625 other personal goods: sub-total ( ) bathroom and sanitary equipment plugs, switches & other electrical fittings residential building & land (cost of repairs only) other durables (specify)... residential building, land and other durables: subtotal ( ) gold ornaments 640 silver ornaments 641 jewels, pearls 642 other ornaments 643 jewellery & ornaments: sub-total ( ) durable goods: total ( )

202 Schedule Type 2 Schedule 1.0:190 [12] summary of consumer expenditure srl. no. item description reference value of consumption (in Rs) block item column during last 30 days (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 1. cereals cereal substitute pulses & products milk & milk products salt & sugar sub-total (1-5) 7. edible oil egg, fish & meat vegetables fruits (fresh) fruits (dry) spices beverages served processed food packaged processed food pan tobacco intoxicants sub-total (7-18) 20. (30 7) srl. no fuel and light medical (non-institutional) entertainment minor durable-type goods toilet articles other household consumables consumer services excl. conveyance conveyance rent consumer taxes & cesses sub-total (21 30) 32. clothing bedding etc footwear education medical (institutional) durable goods s.t. for 365 days data (32-37) 39. (30 365) srl. no. 38 during last 7 days during last 30 days during last 365 days 40. srl. nos.( ) [monthly household consumption expenditure] 41. household size imputed rent monthly per capita expenditure (Rs. 0.00) [srl. no. 40 srl. no. 41] 190

203 Schedule Type 2 Schedule 1.0:191 [13] information on Ayurveda, Yoga, Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha, Homoeopathy (AYUSH) 1. Whether any member of the household used ayurveda, yoga, naturopathy, unani, siddha, homoeopathy (AYUSH) system in last 30 days at all (yes-1 no-2) 2. If no in item 1, give the most important reason (code) 3. If yes in item 1, give most important reason for using AYUSH (code) 4. If yes in item 1, what system(s) of medicines used System(s) of medicines used 4.1 Indian system of medicine (desi dawai - ayurveda, unani or siddha) (yes -1, no -2) 4.2 Homoeopathy (yes -1, no -2) 4.3 Yoga & Naturopathy (yes - 1, no -2) 5. If yes in item 4.1, from where did you usually get Indian system of medicines? (code) 6. If yes in item 4.2, from where did you usually get Homeopathic medicines? (code) if yes in item 1 7. How often do you visit AYUSH Hospital/ Dispensary/ AYUSH health centre/ Primary Health Centre (PHC)/ Community Health Centre (CHC) for AYUSH treatment? (code) 8. How often during your visits did you find Doctors/ Vaidya/ Hakim/ Siddh Vaidya/ Homoeopaths / Yoga Trainers available in the AYUSH Hospital/Dispensary/Centres? (code) if response in item 7 is 1, 2 or 3, then 9. What is your assessment about the AYUSH medicines from the hospital/dispensary/phc/ CHC? 9.1 on availability (code) 9.2 on effectiveness (code) 10. If yes in item 1, who advised you to take 10.1 Indian system of medicine (desi dawai - ayurveda, unani or siddha) (if entry=1 in item 4.1) 10.2 Homoeopathy (if entry=1 in item 4.2) 10.3 Yoga & Naturopathy (if entry=1 in item 4.3) CODES FOR BLOCK 13 item 2: most important reason for not using AYUSH: Need did not arise -1, Not aware about any system under AYUSH -2, Medicines/treatments are not effective -3, Hospital/dispensary/PHCs/CHCs are not available -4, Doctors/ Vaidya/ Hakim/ Siddh Vaidya/ Homoeopaths are not available -5, Medicines are not available -6, Any other reason -9. item 3: most important reason for using AYUSH system: AYUSH medicines are effective -1, Side effects are negligible -2, AYUSH medicines are inexpensive -3, Well-known to local people, family members and friends etc. -4, Others -9. item 5: sources of getting Indian system of medicines: Home-made: from home produce, free collection, etc. -1, Home-made: from purchased ingredients -2, Government Hospital/ Dispensary/ PHCs/ CHCs -3, Private hospital/dispensary/private practitioners (Doctors/ Vaidya/ Hakim/ Siddh Vaidya) -4, Local shops/ Medical stores/ Other sellers -5. item 6: sources of getting Homeopathic medicines: Government hospital/dispensary/ PHCs/CHCs -1, Private hospital/dispensary/private practitioners (Doctors/ Homoeopaths) -2, Local shops/ Medical stores -3, Others -9. item 7: once -1, 2-3 times -2, > 3 times -3, nil -4 item 8: on every occasion -1, on the majority of occasions -2, on a few occasions (not the majority) -3, never -4. item 9.1: availability code: on every occasion -1, on the majority of occasions -2, on a few occasions (not the majority) -3, never -4. item 9.2: effectiveness code: on every occasion -1, on the majority of occasions -2, on a few occasions (not the majority) -3, never -4. item 10.1/10.2/10.3: who advised you to take AYUSH medicines: on your own -1, Family members & relatives - 2, Friends & neighbours -3, Private practitioners (Doctor/ Vaidya/ Hakim/ Homoeopath) -4, Doctors/ practitioners of Government hospital/ dispensary -5, Media (TV, radio, hoardings, newspapers & magazines)

204 Schedule Type 2 Schedule 1.0:192 [14] Remarks by investigator [15] Comments by supervisory officer(s) 192

205 Prepared By NSS Division DE&S, Odisha, Bhubaneswar

GENDER DISPARITY ODISHA, Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Odisha, Bhubaneswar

GENDER DISPARITY ODISHA, Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Odisha, Bhubaneswar GENDER DISPARITY ODISHA, 2010 Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Odisha, Bhubaneswar 4 GENDER DISPARITY ODISHA, 2010 Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Odisha, Bhubaneswar 5 Shri Panchanan

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