PRELIMINARY PHYTOCHEMICAL STUDY OF FOUR PLANT SPECIES FROM MANGROVE AREA AT KURAU DISTRICT OF TANAH LAUT SOUTH BORNEO PROVINCE

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1 PRELIMINARY PHYTOCHEMICAL STUDY OF FOUR PLANT SPECIES FROM MANGROVE AREA AT KURAU DISTRICT OF TANAH LAUT SOUTH BORNEO PROVINCE SYAIFUDDIN 1 ACEP AKBAR 2 BUDI SUTIYA 3 SITI HAMIDAH 4 1,2 FORESTRY RESEARCH INSTITUTE BANJARBARU 3,4 LAMBUNG MANGKURAT UNIVERSITY BANJARBARU

2 INTRODUCTION 1. One of the mangrove forest benefits is as source of medicinal plants for human life 2. Species of mangrove forest in kurau as medicinal plants: a. Api-api (Avicennia marina) b. Bebutah (Excoecaria agallocha) c. Jeruju (Acanthus ilicifolius) d. Rambai (Sonneratia caseolaris) 3. Information about the active chemical compounds contained in four mangrove species is not widely known 4. The Active Chemical Compounds: saponin, flavonoid, quinon, steroid, triterpenoid, carotenoid, and alkaloid

3 THE OBJECTIVE The Objectives of this study is phytochemical testing to identification of active chemical compounds contained in api-api, bebutah, jeruju, and rambai

4 METHODS A. Place: 1. Sample was taken in Mangrove forest Kurau district of Tanah Laut, South Borneo 2. Phytochemical tests conducted in Laboratory of FMIPA Lambung Mangkurat University Banjarbaru

5 B. Makes of simplicia Sample: Leaf, Wood, Bark, and Root Sample was dried (20-25 C) and then mashed into powder C. Phytochemical analysis: Make the test solution for identification saponin, flavonoid, and quinon: 1 gr simplicia included in 100 ml of boiling water for 5 minutes Saponin: 10 ml the test solution shaken for 10 seconds, then left for 10 minutes, foam found in the test solution Flavonoid: 5 ml the test solution, 5 mg Mg, 1 ml concentrated HCl, half of the ethanol solution, red-orange Quinon: 3 drops of 1 N NaOH solution into 5 ml of test solution, red Make the filtrate for identification steroid and triterpenoid: 1 gr simplicia, 2 ml methanol, shaken, filtered, the filtrate was taken Steroid and triterpenoid: the filtrate, 2 drops C 2 H 4 O 2, 2 drops H 2 SO 4 Steroid: the test solution to be bluish green Triterpenoid: the test solution to be purplish red

6 Karotenoid: 2 gr simplicia, 5 ml CHCl 3, 5 ml C 2 H 5 OH, heated for 5 minutes, added water, shaken, red-orange Alkaloid: 2 gr simplicia, 5 ml CHCl 3, 5 ml NH 3, heated for 5 minutes, shaken, filtered, 5 ml H 2 SO 4, shaken, taken the top layer, divided into 3 parts mayer reagent white sediment, wagner reagent the test solution to be brown, dragendorf reagent the test solution to be red (Source: FMIPA Lambung Mangkurat University Banjarbaru)

7 RESULTS 1. Api-api (Avicennia marina Forsk) Part of Plant The Active Chemical Compound Saponin Flavonoid Quinon Steroid Triterpenoid Carotenoid Alkaloid Leaf Wood Bark Root Potentially Treating sunburn (a) (b) (c) (d) a. Leaf b. Wood c. Bark d. Root

8 2. Bebutah (Excoecaria agallocha Linn) Part of Plant The Active Chemical Compound Saponin Flavonoid Quinon Steroid Triterpenoid Carotenoid Alkaloid Leaf Wood Bark Root Potentially Cure the swollen (a) (b) (c) (d) a. Leaf b. Wood c. Bark d. Root

9 3. Jeruju (Acanthus ilicifolius Linn) Part of Plant The Active Chemical Compound Saponin Flavonoid Quinon Steroid Triterpenoid Carotenoid Alkaloid Leaf Wood Bark Root Potentially Sores recovery (a) (b) (c) (d) a. Leaf b. Wood c. Bark d. Root

10 4. Rambai (Sonneratia caseolaris Linn) Part of Plant The Active Chemical Compound Saponin Flavonoid Quinon Steroid Triterpenoid Carotenoid Alkaloid Leaf Wood Bark Root Potentially Cold powder to make the skin smooth, tighten the skin, removes spots and pimples on the skin. (a) (b) (c) (d) a. Leaf b. Wood c. Bark d. Root

11 CONCLUSION Four species of mangrove forest at Kurau Subdistrict area, in Tanah Laut South Borneo Province namely apiapi, bebutah, jeruju, and rambai contain saponins, flavonoids, quinone, steroids, triterpenoids, carotenoids, and alkaloids Pharmacology, toxicity, and clinical test of four mangrove species mentioned are strongly recommended for safely used of medicine by society

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