Use of Indigofera zollingeriana as Forage Protein Source in Dairy Goat Ration

Transcription

1 Use of Indigofera zollingeriana as Forage Protein Source in Dairy Goat Ration L. Abdullah, D. Apriastuti & T. Apdini Bogor Agricultural University Indonesia

2 Introduction Economical prospect of dairy goat business in Indonesia High price on-farm US $ 2,55-3,06 per liter Feed cost-milk price ratio = 1 : 3-4 Increase farmer income (Rp /month for 5 lactating does) Increase national goat milk population 11.2% within (DGLAH statistic, 2008)

3 Significant Problem in Dairy Goat Production System Milk production still low only 45-73% of genetik potential (average L/day/head) Low quality of feed at farmer level Based on non perishable local forage (easy to be rot, bulky, difficult to transport) Forage protein supply (<7-11%) to low for dairy goat Concentrate cost increase high import feed stuffs (for protein source)

4 Strategic Approach Increase supply and use of high quality forage (legume) like Indigofera Improve utility value of high quality forage Business/industry development for high quality forage, based on local species

5 Indigofera zollingeriana High forage production Easy to grow High reproductive High quality forage Drought stress tolerant Improve soil P and N

6 Nutrition Value of Indigofera Leaf Water content: 10-12% Crude protein : 27-31% Crude fat : 2,9-3,4% Crude fiber : 13-14% NDF : 47-61% ADF : 21-39% Cellulose : 11-16% Lignin : 10-24% Essential amino acid TDN : 75%-78% IV-DM digestibility : 78-80% IV-Protein digestibility : 86,32% Condensed Tannin 0,027% Saponin : 2,24% Ca : 1.78% P : 0.34% K : 1.42% Mg : 0.51%

7 Indigofera Plantation Model

8 Foliar fertilizer preparation : mixed with goat urine (1.25L) and mineral nutrient solution (8.75L)

9 Forage harvesting, let the trunk height 1 m for regrowing

10 Indigofera forage production Parameters Foliar fertilizer application (g/10l) Forage production (ton DW/ha/year) 38.6c a 51.6a 43.4b 44.4b Percentage of leaf shoots (%) 16.9b 13.1c 19.3a 20.9a 14.8bc 16.3b Leaf-stem ratio 2.38b 2.68ab 2.75a 2.93a 2.44b 2.38b Source : Abdullah et al., 2010

11 Number of active twig Branching dynamics of Indigofera (Abdullah, 2010) m 1.00 m 1.50 m Defoliation (times)

12 Forage production ton (DW/ha/harvest) Forage Production Dynamics of Indigofera (Abdullah, 2010) m 1.00 m 1.50 m Defoliation (times)

13 Hay and Pellet making from Indigofera leaf

14 Water content (%) Indigofera leaf is easy to be dried oC 55oC 40oC Mth Drying time (hour)

15 Pelleted Product INDIGOFEED Easy feed serving, conserved quality, ease in distribution, efficient storage

16 Water content (%) Water content (%) Water content of Indigofera leaf after pelleting mm 5 mm 8 mm Pellet diameter Storage time (days)

17 Durability (%) Durability (%) Density (kg/m3) Density (kg/m3) Physical properties of Indigofera leaf pellet Storage time (days) 3 mm 5 mm 8 mm Diameter pelet mm 5 mm 8 mm Pellet diameter Diameter pelet

18 SIMPLE FEEDING TRIAL OF INDIGOFERA

19 Objectives To improve nutrient content of ration at farm level, particularly protein content To improve milk production and milk production persistency during a month before dry period

20 Materials and Method 2 groups of does : Saanen (third lactation period) Etawah cross (2 nd lactation period) Feeds 60% elephant grass + 40% commercial concentrate (CF) daily feed of the farm 60% elephant grass + 40% pellet Indigofera leaf (PIF) Feeding Feeds were given during a month prior end of lactation

21 Parameters Milk production (amonth prior dry period), Feed digestibility, Feed efficiency and Protein use efficiency

22 Nutrition composition of trial feeds Feedstuffs CF PIF Elephant grass (%) Commercial concentrate 40 0 Pellet Indigofera 0 40 Total 100% 100% Dry matter (%) Ash (%) Crude protein (%) Crude fiber (%) Crude fat (%) Non N extract materials 33,94 34,81 TDN 56,98 65,77

23 Feeding and in vivo experiment

24 Results Feed DM digestibility (%) Feed efficiency (%) CF PIF CF PIF CF PIF CF PIF Saanen Etawah Crossbred Saanen Etawah Crossbred CF = 60% elephant grass + 40% commercial concentrate PIF = 60% elephant grass + 40% pellet Indigofera leaf

25 Results Feed conversion (kg feed/l milk) Protein use eficiency (%) CF PIF CF PIF Saanen Etawah Crossbred CF PIF CF PIF Saanen Etawah Crossbred CF = 60% elephant grass + 40% commercial concentrate PIF = 60% elephant grass + 40% pellet Indigofera leaf

26 Results Milk production (ml/day) A month prior dry period CF PIF CF PIF Saanen Etawah Crossbred Feed cost (US $/L milk) CF PIF CF PIF Saanen Etawah Crossbred CF = 60% elephant grass + 40% commercial concentrate PIF = 60% elephant grass + 40% pellet Indigofera leaf

27 Milk production a moth prior dry period CF Etawah cross (k=-0.32) PIF Etawah cross (k=3.54) CF Saanen (k=-8.57) PIF Saanen (k=-2.85)

28 Conclusions Use of Indigofera in dairy goat ration Improved nutrition content of does ration Improved feed efficiency and Reduced feed cost Improved milk production and its persistency a month prior to dry period

29 THANK YOU VERY MUCH

30 Microbiological observation on Pellet Indigofera at 30 days storage Ukuran Pelet (mm) Jenis mikroba Nama Mikrobes 3 Fungi Rhizopus sp. 5 Aspergillus parasiticus Rhizopus sp. Mucor sp. 8 Rhizopus sp. 3 Bakteri Bacillus sp. & Staphylococcus (TPC 5,6x10-5) 5 Bacillus sp. (TPC 4,8 x 10-5) 8 Bacillus sp. (2 species) TPC 3,6 x 10-4)