Effect of supplementary concentrate type on milk yield and composition in early lactation dairy cows offered perennial ryegrass based pasture

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1 Session 30 Presentation 8, authors Effect of supplementary concentrate type on milk yield and composition in early lactation dairy cows offered perennial ryegrass based pasture Whelan S.J., Pierce K.M., Callan J.J., Mulligan F.J. UCD School of Agriculture, Food Science and Veterinary Medicine Dublin, Ireland

2 Introduction Irelands climatic conditions are ideal for grass growth Grass forms a major component of the DMI of dairy cows However Difficult to meet animals requirements in early lactation Therefore Concentrate supplementation is often required High CP concentrates are most commonly fed

3 Nitrogen Excretion in Grazing Dairy Cows Grass composition can result in poor N capture Grazing dairy cows excrete large quantities of N Urinary N is most prominent and environmentally detrimental N loading under a urine patch is high This N can be lost through Denitrification to N 2 O and lost to the atmosphere Leeching to ground waters as Nitrate (NO 3 ) Small losses as NH 3 There may be a potential role for concentrate type to improve nutrient capture from gazed grass

4 Objectives of Experiment To investigate the effect of supplementary concentrate type on milk yield, milk composition and rumen digestion in early lactation dairy cows offered perennial ryegrass based pasture

5 Materials and Methods Complete randomised block design Day 1 until day 100 post calving 12 animals per dietary treatment 4 primiparous + 8 multiparous Balanced for milk yield, protein yield, mean calving date and parity 2 intake measurement periods at wk 6 and 10 post calving

6 Data and Sample Collection Milk was recorded daily and sampled weekly for constituents Pasture samples were taken daily and pooled weekly Concentrate samples were taken daily and pooled monthly Rumen fluid was taken by stomach tubing on weeks 1, 2 and 5 post calving DMI was determined using the n-alkane technique (Mulligan et al., 2004) Animals were bolused with C32 for 12 days Pasture was sampled for last 6 days for C31 concentration Faeces samples were taken for last 6 days (C32 and C31 concentration)

7 Dietary Treatments All concentrates were fed x2 daily during milking (6kg total) 4 concentrate treatments Hi CP (18% CP, barley grain, Hi Pro) Low CP (14% CP, barley grain, Lo Pro) Low CP + rumen protected methionine (14% CP, barley grain, Lo Pro + Meth) Low CP Maize (14% CP, maize grain, Lo Pro + Maize Grain)

8 Ingredients (g kg DM -1 ) Concentrate Ingredients Hi Pro Lo Pro Lo Pro + Meth Lo Pro Maize Grain Barley Maize Citrus Pulp Beet Pulp (unmolassed) Soy hulls Soybean Minerals Metasmart UFL kg DM PDIN (g kg DM -1 ) PDIE (g kg DM -1 )

9 Pasture Composition Perennial Ryegrass Pasture DM (g kg -1 ) 207 Composition (g kg DM -1 ) CP 163 WSC 38 NDF 460 ADF 161 ADL 63 ASH 95

10 Results

11 DMI (kg day -1 ) Pasture Dry Matter Intake n.s. Concentrate Type Hi Pro Lo Pro Lo Pro + Meth Lo Pro + Maize Grain

12 Milk Yield Kg day a c b b Concentrate Type Hi Pro Lo Pro Lo Pro + Meth Lo Pro + Maize Grain

13 Milk Solid Yield Kg day n.s. Concentrate Type Hi Pro Lo Pro Lo Pro + Meth Lo Pro + Maize Grain

14 Milk Constituent Yield a b b a Kg day ab ab a b a c bc ab Fat Protein Lactose Hi Pro Lo Pro Lo Pro + Meth Lo Pro + Maize Grain

15 % of Milk Output Milk Constituent Percentage 6 5 n.s. 4 a a a b n.s Fat Protein Lactose Hi Pro Lo Pro Lo Pro + Meth Lo Pro + Maize Grain

16 Rumen Volatile Fatty Acids mmol l n.s Concentrate Type Hi Pro Lo Pro Lo Pro + Meth Lo Pro + Maize Grain

17 Conclusions Pasture DMI was not affected by concentrate type Hi Pro gave greatest milk yield vs. other concentrate types Lo Pro + Meth and Lo Pro + Maize Grain had greater milk yield vs. Lo Pro However No effect of concentrate type on milk solids yield No effect of concentrate type on rumen VFA concentration This is data forms part of a larger experiment which will evaluate the effect of concentrate type on N excretion

18 Acknowledgements This research was funded under the National Development Plan through the Research Stimulus Fund administered by the Irish Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food Additionally I would like to acknowledge the assistance of the farm and laboratory staff at UCD Lyons Research Farm

19 Thank you for your time Your Thank questions you for your are welcome time Your questions are welcome

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