>>> FOCUS. Context. Digestion. The human digestive system
|
|
- Dortha McGee
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Context All living organisms need nutrients, which provide materials and energy for survival. These nutrients need to be broken down before they can be used by cells. Plants make their own food using energy from the sun. Digestion Digestion is the process of breaking the food you eat down into simpler substances. For food to be used for energy, growth and repair by your cells it must be broken down so that it can be carried by the bloodstream. Your digestive system is a collection of organs and tissues where food undergoes these chemical and physical changes. The main digestive tract, called the alimentary canal, begins at the mouth and ends at the anus. There are other associated organs attached to the alimentary canal that provide chemicals to break down food. There are two types of digestion: mechanical digestion and chemical digestion. Mechanical digestion is a physical process in which your teeth chew, grind, crush and tear food into smaller pieces. Fig.1 A meal may sit in the digestive tract of a snake for weeks while it is being digested. Some snakes from the python family may feed only once per year. Animals, however, need to eat plants or other animals that have eaten plants to obtain the nutrients they require for survival. Muscles in the organs of the digestive system also aid in mechanical digestion by pushing and squeezing food through a series of contractions as it moves through the body. Chemical digestion occurs when the chemicals in juices such as saliva or stomach juice act on food. These chemicals are called enzymes. They break large food molecules down into simpler molecules that are water soluble so that they can enter the bloodstream. The molecules need to be small enough to pass through the cell membranes lining the intestines. The first process your food has to undergo after it enters your mouth is mechanical digestion. As your teeth mechanically break down your food, saliva is added from your salivary glands. Saliva contains amylase, which is an enzyme that begins the process of chemical digestion by starting to break down the starch in food. After your food has been broken into small enough pieces to swallow and combined with your saliva, your tongue will roll the food into a bolus (a small ball of food made smooth by water and mucus) to the back of your mouth where it can be swallowed. After leaving your mouth food passes through the oesophagus this is the tube that connects the mouth to your stomach, passing your epiglottis on the way. You can see this in Figure.3. The epiglottis is a small flap of tissue that covers your trachea (windpipe) as food passes down your oesophagus so that your food doesn t choke you. Muscle contractions then move the food down to your stomach. These contractions are like a series of waves and enable you to swallow food in any position, even upside down! These involuntary muscle contractions are called peristalsis. 142
2 liver gall bladder small intestine large intestine Fig.2 Fig.3 mouth circular muscles contracted food mass anus salivary glands oesophagus stomach pancreas appendix Food and water are kept moving through the oesophagus by peristalsis, which is the contraction and relaxation of muscles. oesophagus circular muscles relaxed After passing through the oesophagus food enters the stomach, where it will stay for about four hours while muscles churn the food into a soup-like consistency. At this stage it is called chyme. The stomach lining has many folds so that it can expand with every mouthful. Different enzymes are also added to begin the process of chemical digestion of protein. Food entering and exiting the stomach is controlled by muscles called sphincters. These muscles protect the digestive tract above from rising acid and stomach contents. The sphincter muscle at the bottom of the stomach protects the next part of the stomach from acid, and allows some partly digested food (chyme) to move through to the intestines. The stomach is lined with mucus to prevent the acids and enzymes from attacking the stomach lining. Acid also kills any harmful bacteria that may enter your digestive tract. The liver, gall bladder and pancreas all produce chemicals to aid digestion. You can see them in Figure.2. The liver makes bile, which acts a bit like a detergent and helps fats mix with the digestive juices. Bile is stored in the gall bladder. It moves to your intestines after a message from your brain tells it to do so. The pancreas produces pancreatic juice to neutralise stomach acid. The pancreas also produces very important enzymes that break down proteins, fats and carbohydrates. The duodenum is the start of the small intestine, which then connects to the ileum, the longer part of the small intestine. Like in the stomach, enzymes are added to continue the process of digestion while muscles churn food to break it down enough to move through the walls of the intestine so it can be absorbed into the bloodstream. The walls of the small intestine are covered in small finger-like bumps called villi. These villi increase the surface area of the lining of the small intestine and, as they contain tiny blood vessels, enable more nutrients to be absorbed into the bloodstream as peristalsis pushes food by. The large surface area allows digested materials to pass rapidly through the cell membranes into the bloodstream. The blood then carries the nutrients to all of the cells of the body. The large intestine is made up of five Prac 1 p. 146 Prac 2 p
3 Digestion and respiration Fig.4 different sections caecum, appendix, colon, rectum and anus. All the undigested material passes into the large intestine, where water, salts and vitamins are absorbed to be used by your body. Your faeces are then formed, ready to be expelled from the body through the anus. The smell of your faeces comes from intestinal bacteria that make up about one-third of your faeces. They help to break down fibre and decrease the amount of faeces, and some help to make the vitamins we need. Homework book Digestive system Villi in the small intestine increase the surface area through which digested food can enter the bloodstream. The digestive systems of other animals Animals of different species have different diets and therefore have different digestive systems. Animals that eat only plants need bacteria to help them to digest the cellulose in the plant matter. Cows and sheep have a four-part stomach. After chewing and swallowing the food once, they regurgitate it and chew it again before swallowing. The food is then moved to another part of the stomach, where bacteria do most of the chemical digestion. Some other animals, like snakes, swallow their food whole. Their jaws can become unhinged so they can swallow animals which may look too large to enter their jaws. The snake has very strong digestive juices that can digest bone, teeth and fur. Animals such as worms, which live off decomposing material, have strong muscular walls in their digestive tract to grind food. Sand consumed with food also helps to grind up plant matter. Digested matter is absorbed into the bloodstream and wastes are passed out the anus. Burps A burp sometimes called a belch is nothing but gas. When you eat or drink, you don t just swallow food or liquid. You also swallow air at the same time. The air we breathe contains gases such as nitrogen and oxygen. Sometimes when you swallow these gases, they need to get out. That s where burping comes in! Extra gas is forced out of the stomach, up through the oesophagus and out of the mouth as a burp. You may also hear other animals burp, such as dogs or cows. The cow has a four-part stomach that contains bacteria to break down cellulose. Fig.5 Launch your lunch Eaten too much chocolate this year? When you eat or drink too much of the wrong type of food, messages from your stomach travel to your brain. The brain then sends messages back to the muscle walls of the stomach, telling it to forcefully eject the contents through reverse peristalsis. Vomiting may also be caused by the stomach wall being irritated by infection or chemical irritation. You may also vomit if you experience extreme pain or stress. Antibiotics When you take antibiotics to kill bacteria in your body, the bacteria in your large intestine are also killed. Since they make important vitamins for your health you may suffer vitamin deficiency after taking antibiotics for a long period of time. 144
4 Respiration All living organisms, from bacteria to elephants, need energy for survival. The energy you use in everyday life for growth, reproduction and to carry out daily activities is obtained from food. This energy is provided through the process of aerobic or anaerobic respiration, which occurs in every living cell. As you have just read, the digestive system breaks down food into small water-soluble molecules that are absorbed into your circulatory system and transported around the body in the bloodstream. One type of molecule that is absorbed from your digestive system is glucose. Glucose is a simple sugar made up of the elements carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. It is this molecule that cells use to carry out aerobic respiration. Glucose and oxygen molecules react together in your cells to produce carbon dioxide and water. Enzymes control the rate of the reaction and energy is released. Aerobic respiration takes place in specialised organelles of cells called mitochondria and can be represented by the following equation: glucose + oxygen carbon dioxide + water + energy This reaction can also be represented symbolically as: C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O + energy Put simply, sugar is broken down in cells to provide energy for the organism. Carbon dioxide and water are waste products and are released back into the ecosystem through excretion. glucose is broken down into lactic acid and water, and the reaction produces a small amount of energy. Oxygen is not involved in this type of respiration, so it is called anaerobic respiration. This reaction can be expressed by the following word equation: glucose carbon dioxide + lactic acid + energy Stretching is important before exercise to increase blood flow around muscles. Fig.7 Anaerobic respiration is also used by many microorganisms that do not use oxygen from the air to respire. Microscopic organisms such as yeast and bacteria use anaerobic respiration to release energy. This reaction uses stored glucose to produce energy, with the waste products being alcohol and carbon dioxide. This example of anaerobic respiration is called fermentation. Fermentation is used in the production of beer, wine, cider and bread. The waste product of fermentation, carbon dioxide, makes the bread rise. Fig.6 Aerobic respiration occurs in the mitochondria of cells. As energy is released it is transported to sites where it is needed. Although aerobic respiration releases the greatest energy in your cells, there are other energy-releasing reactions, although they are not as efficient. Glucose that is not broken down in aerobic respiration is stored in your muscles to use when doing strenuous exercise and you need extra energy. In this reaction, Yeast is used in many of the products you and your family eat or drink every day. The process of fermentation releases carbon dioxide to put the bubbles in champagne and beer, and to make bread rise. Fig.8 145
5 Digestion and respiration Use your book Digestion 1 What is digestion? [ Questions ] 2 Why does food have to be digested? 3 a What are the two types of digestion? b What is the function of each type of digestion? 4 What digestive processes occur in the mouth? 5 Why does food travel down your oesophagus and not your trachea? 6 Why do you have sphincter muscles at the entrance and exit of the stomach? 7 How are harmful bacteria killed in the stomach? 8 Why are enzymes such important chemicals in digestive juices? 9 Where in your body is digested food absorbed into your bloodstream? 10 What causes the smell of faeces? The digestive systems of other animals 11 Why do animals that eat plant matter have more than one stomach? 12 How do snakes eat small animals whole without the aid of mechanical digestion? Respiration 13 What is aerobic respiration? 14 What type of respiration is fermentation? Use your head 15 Why is it necessary for the body to break down the food you eat into such small particles? 16 What would happen if the small intestine was smooth rather than covered with villi? 17 What would happen to your cells if they were not able to get any oxygen for a long time? Investigating questions 18 Research the digestive system of an animal of your choice and then compare what you have found to the human digestive system. Present your findings as a poster. 19 Research the similarities and differences between aerobic and anaerobic respiration. Give examples of when and where each occurs. 20 Design an experiment to investigate the effect of temperature on fermentation. You may also choose to conduct this investigation to test your experimental design. DYO Prac 1 Focus [ Practical activities ] Protein digestion Purpose To investigate the action of a protein-digesting enzyme. Requirements (per group) Four test tubes, texta, two 2 ml pipettes, egg white suspension, bottle 2M HCl, Bunsen burner, matches, 250 ml beaker, 1% pepsin solution, bottle distilled water, test tube rack. Procedure 1 Label four test tubes 1 to 4. 2 Into each tube add 2 ml egg white suspension. Put the used pipette into cold water in the tray at the teacher s desk. 3 To tubes 2 and 3 add three drops of 2M HCl. 4 Make a water bath by mixing hot and cold water to a temperature of 35 C. Have the beaker about half full of water. 5 Use a pipette to add 1 ml of pepsin solution to tubes 1 and 3. 6 Add 1 ml of distilled water to tubes 2 and 4. 7 Place all four tubes in the water bath. 8 After 10 minutes remove the tubes and place in a test tube rack. 9 Copy the following table into your notes and record your results. >> 146
Learning Targets. The Gastrointestinal (GI) Tract. Also known as the alimentary canal. Hollow series of organs that food passes through
Digestion the multistep process of breaking down food into molecules the body can use Learning Targets Describe the path food takes through the digestive system. Identify the major organs of the digestive
More informationHuman Digestive System
3.3.4 Human Digestive System Need to know The functions of the main parts of the alimentary canal and the associated glands Function of teeth. The human dental formula Role of mechanical digestion and
More informationThe Digestive System. Prepares food for use by all body cells.
The Digestive System Prepares food for use by all body cells. Digestion The chemical breakdown of complex biological molecules into their component parts. Lipids to fatty acids Proteins to individual amino
More informationTHE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM TEACHER COPY
THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM TEACHER COPY THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM There are three primary functions for the digestive system 1. Break down food into molecules the body can use 2. The molecules are absorbed into the
More informationThe Digestive System
The Digestive System Key words Pharynx oesophagus stomach intestine epiglottis gall bladder Pancreas peristalsis liver enzyme rectum sphincter Pyloric duodenum jejunum ileum bile lipase Amylase trypsin
More informationTHE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Composed of two parts: 1. 2. There are 4 main parts of digestion: 1. Ingestion: 2. Digestion: a. Mechanical Digestion: Example: b. Chemical Digestion: Example: 3. Absorption: 4. Egestion:
More informationHuman Biology. Digestive System
Human Biology Digestive System Digestion - Defined Prepares food for use by all body cells The physical and/or chemical breakdown of food Did you know: the average person eats more than 500kg of food per
More informationThe process by which nutrient molecules pass through the wall of your digestive system into your blood. ABSORPTION AS RELATED TO DIGESTION
ABSORPTION AS RELATED TO DIGESTION The process by which nutrient molecules pass through the wall of your digestive system into your blood. 3 FUNCTIONS OF DIGESTION Breaks down food into molecules the body
More informationLesson Overview The Digestive System
30.3 THINK ABOUT IT The only system in the body that food actually enters is the digestive system. So how does food get to the rest of the body after the process of digestion? Functions of the Digestive
More informationPurpose To reduce the size of large pieces of food to small molecules that can be absorbed into the blood stream and eventually into cells.
Purpose To reduce the size of large pieces of food to small molecules that can be absorbed into the blood stream and eventually into cells. Cells are then able to maintain homeostasis 6 main components
More informationThe Digestive System. 1. The Mouth. 2. Epiglottis and Esophagus. 3. The Stomach. 4. The Small Intestine
The Digestive System Name: The digestive system has 3 main functions. First, it breaks down food into smaller nutrients that the body can use. Secondly, these nutrients are absorbed into the blood. Thirdly,
More informationDigestive System. Digestive System. Digestion is the process of reducing food to small molecules that can be absorbed into the body.
Digestive System Digestion is the process of reducing food to small molecules that can be absorbed into the body. 2 Types of Digestion Mechanical digestion physical breakdown of food into small particles
More informationDigestion. I. What is digestion? II. Enzymes involved in digestion
Digestion I. What is digestion? Digestion is the breakdown of large, insoluble food molecules into small, soluble food molecules so that they can be absorbed into the bloodstream. Large food molecules
More informationDIGESTION SBI 3C: NOVEMBER 2010
DIGESTION SBI 3C: NOVEMBER 2010 DIAGRAM OF DIGESTIVE SYSTEM: Mouth Esophagus Liver Gallbladder Large Intestine Appendix Stomach Pancreas Small Intestine Rectum Anus STAGES OF DIGESTION: 1. INGESTION Taking
More informationChapter 21 NUTRITION AND DIGESTION
Chapter 21 NUTRITION AND DIGESTION Stages of Food Processing 1. Ingestion: The act of eating. Usually involves placing food in mouth or oral cavity. 2. Digestion: Macromolecules in food (fats, proteins,
More informationTopic 6: Human Physiology
Topic 6: Human Physiology 6.1 Digestion and Absorption D.1 Human Nutrition D.2 Digestion Essential Understandings: The structure of the digestive system allows it to move, digest, and absorb food. A balanced
More information* Produces various chemicals to break. down the food. * Filters out harmful substances * Gets rid of solid wastes
* * Produces various chemicals to break down the food * Filters out harmful substances * Gets rid of solid wastes * *Mouth *Pharynx *Oesophagus *Stomach *Small and large intestines * *Changes the physical
More informationDigestive System. How your body obtains nutrients. Wednesday, March 2, 16
Digestive System How your body obtains nutrients Vocabulary Ingestion: food enters the system Physical and enzymatic breakdown begins Digestion: Further breakdown Chemical/enzymatic Vocabulary Absorption:
More informationBiology 20: Digestive System Did you get it? Questions and Answers
Biology 20: Digestive System Did you get it? Questions and Answers Mouth 1. What is the purpose of chewing? a. break food into smaller pieces so there is a greater SA for chemicals to work on. 2. Salivary
More informationSNC4M The Digestive System
SNC4M The Digestive System What is digestion? Chemical and mechanical breakdown of organic molecules into units small enough for the body to absorb These molecules provide: 1. Energy resources 2. Essential
More informationDigestive System. Science 7 HMS 2016
Digestive System Science 7 HMS 2016 ??? What is the role of the digestive system? 1. Breaks down food into molecules the body can use 2. Molecules are absorbed into the blood stream to be carried to the
More informationHarvesting energy from food. Digestion: A Closer Look. Where digestion begins. Salivary Glands 4/17/13. Or how food gets from
Harvesting energy from food Or how food gets from to and body structures Cheese protein (a polymer of amino acids in a specific sequence) Breakdown of protein by human digestive system Amino acid monomer
More informationDigestive System. Science 7 HMS 2015
Digestive System Science 7 HMS 2015 ??? What is the role of the digestive system? 1. Breaks down food into molecules the body can use 2. Molecules are absorbed into the blood stream to be carried to the
More informationChapter 15 Food and Digestion
Chapter 15 Food and Digestion Activity: Use Qualitative Observations (5 senses) to describe: What happens when you see candy? How does it smell? How do you chomp it into smaller pieces or swallow candy
More informationUnderstanding Food and Nutrition
Understanding Food and Nutrition Dr Joan Webster-Gandy Published by Family Doctor Publications Limited in association with the British Medical Association IMPORTANT NOTICE This book is intended not as
More informationHUMAN NUTRITION 08 MAY 2013
HUMAN NUTRITION 08 MAY 2013 Lesson Description In this lesson, we: Study the structure of the human digestive system Look at the processes used in the human digestive system Look at the two different types
More informationAFTER mechanical digestion, the pieces of food are still to be used by. broken down. the cells. They MUST be EVEN MORE!!!!!!
Chemical Digestion ***ANSWERS**** Name Period Date AFTER mechanical digestion, the pieces of food are still to be used by the cells. They MUST be EVEN MORE!!!!!! Special
More informationDigestive System. Why do we need to eat? Growth Maintenance (repair tissue) Energy
Digestive System Why do we need to eat? Growth Maintenance (repair tissue) Energy Nutrients Nutrient = chemical that must be obtained by an organism from it s environment in order to survive; nutrients
More informationWhat is Digestion? The break down of food into molecules that are small enough to be absorbed and used by the body
Digestive System What is Digestion? The break down of food into molecules that are small enough to be absorbed and used by the body What is Digestion? This involves: Ingestion and propulsion of food along
More informationDigestive System. What happens to the donut you ate for breakfast this morning?
Digestive System What happens to the donut you ate for breakfast this morning? Free Tutoring and Extra Credit!!! Digestive System: Is the basic process of breaking down the food you eat into individual
More informationName Date Class. 2. Is the following sentence true or false? Food is required for the body to. maintain homeostasis, keeping a steady internal state.
CHAPTER 11 FOOD AND DIGESTION SECTION 11 1 Food and Energy (pages 370-380) This section tells about the six nutrients needed by the body. It also describes the Food Guide Pyramid and how to read labels
More informationThe Digestive System
Digestive System 1 Name The Digestive System Purpose: To describe how food moves through the digestive system. To identify the parts of the digestive system. Background Information: Food provides us with
More informationNURSE-UP DIGESTIVE SYSTEM AKA G.I. SYSTEM
NURSE-UP DIGESTIVE SYSTEM AKA G.I. SYSTEM The digestive system is used for breaking down food into nutrients which then pass into the circulatory system and are taken to where they are needed in the body.
More informationEnamel Dentine Pulp cavity nerves & blood vessels Gums & Bone Crown & root. Tooth type and job. Why do humans have more than one type of tooth?
Tooth type and job Enamel Dentine Pulp cavity nerves & blood vessels Gums & Bone Crown & root Be able to sketch & label this Tooth type and job Why do humans have more than one type of tooth? Omnivores
More information1 The Digestive System
CHAPTER 24 1 The Digestive System SECTION The Digestive and Urinary Systems BEFORE YOU READ After you read this section, you should be able to answer these questions: What are the parts of the digestive
More informationThe Digestive Process Begins
Name Date Class The Digestive Process Begins This section explains what the digestive system does and describes the functions of the mouth, the esophagus, and the stomach. Use Target Reading Skills Before
More informationThe Digestive System. Parts and Functions
The Digestive System Parts and Functions Mechanical Digestion A process of digestion in which food is cut, torn, mashed, and churned into smaller bits. This process starts in the mouth and ends in the
More informationCh 7 Nutrition in humans
Ch 7 Nutrition in humans Think about (Ch 7, p.2) 1. The stomach churns food into smaller pieces physically. The stomach wall secretes proteases to chemically digest proteins. It also releases hydrochloric
More informationMonday, October Pick up a little man from the front table. Color and glue it into your journal on the next available page.
1. Pick up a little man from the front table. Color and glue it into your journal on the next available page. 2. Answer the following question on the same page: How do proteins, lipids and carbs impact
More informationChapter 8: Digestion. Structure and Functions of Digestive Organs Macronutrients Digestive Enzymes
Chapter 8: Digestion Structure and Functions of Digestive Organs Macronutrients Digestive Enzymes What organisms need Digestion? Heterotrophs - rely on ingestion of organic molecules for production of
More informationChapter 15 Food and Digestion
Chapter 15 Food and Digestion 15.1A Food and Energy Functions of Nutrients 1. 2. 3. 4. Calories = amt. of energy in food RDA depends on age, gender, size and activity level Types of Nutrients (includes
More informationDigestive System 7/15/2015. Outline Digestive System. Digestive System
Digestive System Biology 105 Lecture 18 Chapter 15 Outline Digestive System I. Functions II. Layers of the GI tract III. Major parts: mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine,
More informationUNIT 3. DIGESTIVE AND RESPIRATORY SYSTEM.
1 UNIT 3. DIGESTIVE AND RESPIRATORY SYSTEM. 2 1. DIGESTIVE SYSTEM 1) Which are the relationships between cellular respiration and the systems that perform nutrition in human body? Digestive system processes
More information1 ANIMALS Digestive System Oral Cavity and Esophagus.notebook January 06, 2016
The Human Digestive System 1 The Human Digestive System 2 You are a tube inside a tube 3 The Digestive System The Four Stages of Food Processing 1. Ingestion the taking in or eating of food 2. Digestion
More information4/8/16. Digestive System. When you are hungry it is because your brain receives a signal from your cells that they need energy
When you are hungry it is because your brain receives a signal from your cells that they need energy Section 1 Digestive System A group of organs that work together to digest food so that it can be used
More informationThe Wiltshire School of Beauty and Holistic Therapy
The Wiltshire School of Beauty and Holistic Therapy Certificate of Merit in Anatomy and Physiology W: www.wsbht.co.uk E: holistics@wsbht.co.uk T: 07824 337333 Certificate of Merit in Anatomy and Physiology
More informationHuman Digestion. Junior Science
Human Digestion Junior Science True or False The word stomach comes from the Greek meaning Throat. Butterflies in the stomach have nothing to do with the stomach. It is possible to live without your stomach.
More informationDigestive System. 1) Learn about the major organs in the digestive system. 2) Learn the locations of the major organs in the digestive system
Digestive System 1) Learn about the major organs in the digestive system 2) Learn the locations of the major organs in the digestive system Teachers' notes Subject Topic Title Grade(s) Cross curricular
More informationAFTER mechanical digestion, the pieces of food are still to be used by broken down. the cells. They MUST be EVEN MORE!!!!!!
Chemical Digestion Name Period Date AFTER mechanical digestion, the pieces of food are still to be used by broken down the cells. They MUST be EVEN MORE!!!!!! Special
More informationObjective 4- Digestion
Objective 4- Digestion 1. Describe why cells require nutrients Supply energy for metabolism (cell activities), matter for synthesis of new materials, cell reproduction, secretion and to regulate cell processes
More informationThe Digestive System
The Digestive System s Big Book of Handouts Digestion and nutrition Specific Learning outcomes B11-2-01: Identify major structures and functions of the human digestive system from a diagram, model, or
More informationTHE HUMAN DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
THE HUMAN DIGESTIVE SYSTEM The Human Digestive System We will divide the Human Digestive System into two main topics: 1. Nutrition and what our body needs 2. How the human body breaks down food and makes
More informatione. Undigested material is compacted and stored until the colon is full. When the colon is full, a signal to empty it is sent by sensors in the walls
Digestive System 1. General a. Animals obtain energy by breaking food molecules into smaller pieces. b. The basic fuel molecules are amino acids, lipids and sugars c. Digestion is the chemical breakdown
More informationThe Human Digestive Tract
The Human Digestive Tract The Mouth salivary glands (parotid, sublingual, submaxillary) - produces saliva --->lubricate food ---> dissolves food particles ---> allows us to taste food --->contains amylase
More informationANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY ONLINE COURSE - SESSION 13 THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY ONLINE COURSE - SESSION 13 THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM The digestive system also known as the alimentary canal or gastrointestinal tract consists of a series of hollow organs joined in a
More informationDigestion and Excretion
Digestion and Excretion The Digestive System What do you think? Read the two statements below and decide whether you agree or disagree with them. Place an A in the Before column if you agree with the statement
More informationAll organisms must obtain and process essential nutrients (food) *** Exception: Venus Fly Traps undergo photosynthesis but needs source of nitrogen
All organisms must obtain and process essential nutrients (food) AUTOTROPHS self feeder makes their own food eg. Plants do not require a digestive tract *** Exception: Venus Fly Traps undergo photosynthesis
More informationORGANS OF THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
ORGANS OF THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM OBJECTIVES: 1. List and describe the major activities of the digestive system. 2. Identify and give the functions of the organs in and along the digestive tract. MAJOR ACTIVITIES
More informationPPL2O Human Digestion The human digestive system is a complex process that consists of breaking down large organic masses into smaller particles that
PPL2O Human Digestion The human digestive system is a complex process that consists of breaking down large organic masses into smaller particles that the body can absorb and use. The breakdown of the nutrients
More informationB4 NUTRITION 4.3 Animal Nutrition
B4 NUTRITION 4.3 Animal Nutrition 1. State the term balanced diet & describe how balanced diet is related to age, sex & activity of an individual. Balanced diet: A diet that contains all the main nutrients
More informationThe Digestive System
The Digestive System What is the digestive system? The digestive system is where the digestion of food and liquids occurs. Our bodies are not suited to absorbing the energy contained in food as they are
More informationAnimal Nutrition Human Digestion
Animal Nutrition Human Digestion 2006-2007 What do animals need to live? Animals make energy using: u food food u oxygen Animals build bodies using: u food for raw materials amino acids, sugars, O fats,
More informationPrimary Function. 1. Ingestion: food enters the system
Digestive System Primary Function 1. Ingestion: food enters the system - Physical and enzymatic breakdown begins 2. Digestion: Further breakdown - Chemical/enzymatic 3. Absorption: Nutrients enter circulatory
More informationRebel Biology - Nutrition. organisms need a variety of nutrients to perform life s activities. carbs, proteins. vitamins, water,
Rebel Biology - Nutrition organisms need a variety of nutrients to perform life s activities the most important ones are fats, carbs, proteins vitamins, water, these either provide direct value(fats/carbs/proteins)
More informationNutrition. Why do humans need food? How do some animals get their food? ROUGHAGE NUTRIENTS. Animals make energy available using:
Nutrition the activities by which organisms Why do humans need food? Animals make energy available using: obtain and process material needed for energy, growth, repair, and to maintain homeostasis humans
More informationLesson 1. Introduction to Body Systems (Machalina song) Nutrition
Lesson 1 Introduction to Body Systems (Machalina song) Nutrition Let s figure out how many body systems there are! Draw a hollow body diagram Draw in each body part as it is mentioned in the song!!! Chorus:
More information2 NUTRITION IN ANIMALS
2 NUTRITION IN ANIMALS TEXTBOOK QUESTIONS AND THEIR ANSWERS Q.1. You have studied in class VI that food consists of many components. Try to recall and list them below : Ans. 1. Carbohydrates 2. Fats 3.
More informationThe Digestive System
Digestive System 1 Name The Digestive System Purpose: To describe how food moves through the digestive system. Materials: Markers Ruler 1,000 cm string Map Pencils Digestive Organ Mouth 11 Esophagus 25
More informationUNIT 3. DIGESTIVE AND RESPIRATORY SYSTEMS
UNIT 3. DIGESTIVE AND RESPIRATORY SYSTEMS 1. NUTRITION The process of nutrition allows living organisms to obtain the matter and energy they need for making their own matter and for carrying out their
More informationDigestive System Anatomy
Digestive System Anatomy The Process of Digestion http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j84pqg 8nf0M Parts of the Digestive System The digestive system begins at the mouth, where food enters the body. The mouth
More informationDifferent diets; different lives All animals eat other organisms. Mouth
Digestive and Excretory System TOC #4 Digestive System *3) Digestive System: Mouth, Saliva, Esophagus, Peristalsis, Chyme, Stomach, Small Intestine, Pancreas, Liver, Villi, Large Intestine, Excretory System:
More informationBiology 12 - Digestion Notes
Biology 12 - Digestion Notes Anatomy Physiology Functions of the Digestive System -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- food (enzymes, bile, HCl) to assist
More informationThe Digestive System: Basics. WedNesday October 24th All organisms need energy to survive. > Use energy to reproduce, grow, and repair
WedNesday October 24th 2012 QU: What would happen if an organism stopped eating? OBJ: Digestive System Notes All about hydrolysis and surface area Digestive System All organisms need energy to survive
More informationUNIT 5: Structure and Function of Organisms, Part 2
Science Science UNIT 5: Structure and Function of Organisms, Part 2 Lesson 1: Physical and Chemical Changes in Digestion Engage Eat a Cracker 1. Your teacher will give you two unsalted crackers. 2. Chew
More informationAnimal Nutrition AP Biology
Animal Nutrition 2006-2007 What do animals need to live? Animals make energy using: food oxygen Animals build bodies using: food for raw materials amino acids, sugars, fats, nucleotides food O 2 ATP energy
More informationBody Systems. Unit. Key Words. In this unit you will learn to: cell. function. system. convert. circulate
Unit 1 Body Systems Key Words cell chest function system convert circulate In this unit you will learn to: describe the levels of biological organization. identify the basic structures and functions of
More informationNutrients and Digestion
Nutrients and Digestion Nutrition what is needed to be taken in to keep the body healthy Essential Nutrients Carbohydrates Fats Proteins Minerals Vitamins Water Carbohydrates Types of sugars combined in
More informationProteins their functions and uses revision 4
Proteins their functions and uses revision 4 48 minutes 48 marks Page of 4 Q. The diagram shows the digestive system. (a) Complete the following sentences about digestive enzymes. (i) Amylase works in
More information1. Three Main Functions. Chapter 19: 2. Two Groups of digestive organs. 2. Two Groups of digestive organs. 1. The Teeth 5/18/2015
1. Three Main Functions Chapter 19: General Structure and Function of the Digestive System Digestion-breakdown of food into small particles for transport to blood Absorption- into bloodstream to take to
More informationHOLIDAY HOMEWORK - CLASS VII BIOLOGY
HOLIDAY HOMEWORK - CLASS VII Respiratory System Vocabulary BIOLOGY Instructions: Use the word bank to complete each statement about the respiratory system. Word Bank: alveoli; bronchiole; carbon dioxide;
More informationAssessment Schedule 2017 Biology: Demonstrate understanding of biological ideas relating to a mammal(s) as a consumer(s) (90929)
NCEA Level 1 Biology (90929) 2017 page 1 of 6 Assessment Schedule 2017 Biology: Demonstrate understanding of biological ideas relating to a mammal(s) as a consumer(s) (90929) Evidence Statement QUESTION
More informationDigestive System. Unit 6.11 (6 th Edition) Chapter 7.11 (7 th Edition)
Digestive System Unit 6.11 (6 th Edition) Chapter 7.11 (7 th Edition) 1 Learning Objectives Identify the major organs of the digestive system. Explain the locations and functions of three organs in the
More informationTHE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM THE FOUR STEPS OF DIGESTION
THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM WHAT IS THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM? the digestive system is a long, muscular tube The entire system is approximately 9m in length and is usually a one way tract WHY DO WE NEED A DIGESTIVE
More informationChapter 2: Human Body Systems Work Independently and Together
Chapter 2: Human Body Systems Work Independently and Together 2.1 Body Systems Body systems Are made up of parts that work together as a whole Are connected to one or more other Will not function well
More informationAssessment Schedule 2015 Demonstrate understanding of biological ideas relating to a mammal(s) as a consumer(s) (90929)
NCEA Level 1 Biology (90929) 2015 page 1 of 7 Assessment Schedule 2015 Demonstrate understanding of biological relating to a mammal(s) as a consumer(s) (90929) Evidence Statement ONE NØ N1 N2 A3 A4 M5
More informationNext week in lab: Diet analysis
Next week in lab: Diet analysis Record everything you eat or drink and the amount for 24 hr (1 day) Analyze your diet using fitday.com Print out & bring to lab 1. Food list 2. Calories table & pie chart
More informationDigestive Care Advisor Training #1. Digestion 101 & H.O.P.E.
Digestive Care Advisor Training #1 & H.O.P.E. The Digestive System in Brief The Process of Digestion The human digestive system is a complex series of organs and glands that process food and excrete waste.
More informationAt the end of this lesson, you should be able to:
Digestion Learning Objectives At the end of this lesson, you should be able to: Enzymes Explain enzyme action in terms of the lock and key hypothesis Explain the effects of temperature and ph on the rate
More informationCHAPTER 22: THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM. Jayda Cortez Kimberly Navarro
CHAPTER 22: THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Jayda Cortez Kimberly Navarro Objectives - Describe the functions of the organs that make up the digestive system - Identify and describe the four stages of food processing
More information10/23/2013 ANIMAL NUTRITION ANIMAL NUTRITION ESSENTIAL NUTRIENTS AN ANIMAL S DIET MUST STUPPLY: AMINO ACIDS
ANIMAL NUTRITION Food is taken in, taken apart, and taken up in the process of animal nutrition In general, animals fall into three categories: Herbivores Carnivores Omnivores ANIMAL NUTRITION Chapter
More informationDigestion & The Alimentary Canal
For more awesome GSE and level resources, visit us at www.savemyexams.co.uk/ igestion & The limentary anal Question Paper Level Subject Exam oard Topic Sub Topic ooklet O Level iology ambridge International
More informationDigestive System. Jennifer Tagliaferro Douglas Wilkin, Ph.D. Jean Brainard, Ph.D.
Digestive System Jennifer Tagliaferro Douglas Wilkin, Ph.D. Jean Brainard, Ph.D. Say Thanks to the Authors Click http://www.ck12.org/saythanks (No sign in required) www.ck12.org To access a customizable
More informationNutrition, part 2. Because 1 part isn t enough!
Nutrition, part 2 Because 1 part isn t enough! 4. Calories and Caloric Intake Calories per gram of our Macro and Micro nutrients Macro Carbohydrates: 4 cal/g Fats: 9 cal/g Proteins: 4 cal/g Micro Vitamins:
More information38.2 Animal Nutrition Human Digestion. Regents Biology
38.2 Animal Nutrition Human Digestion Objectives Distinguish intracellular from extracellular digestion Examine how the digestive system evolves across the phyla Identify the components of the human digestive
More informationDigestive System Notes. Biology - Mrs. Kaye
Digestive System Notes Biology - Mrs. Kaye Digestion There are two kinds of digestion: Mechanical digestion - the physical breakdown of food into smaller pieces to increase surface area for more enzyme
More informationAP Biology. Animal Nutrition
Animal Nutrition What do animals need to live? Animals make energy using: food oxygen food Animals build bodies using: food for raw materials amino acids, sugars, fats, nucleotides O 2 ATP energy for synthesis
More informationUnit 6L.4: Teeth and Eating
Unit 6L.4: Teeth and Eating Types of teeth Preventing tooth decay Dentition of other animals Digestive system By the end of this unit you should: Know the structure, function and care of the human teeth.
More informationHETEROTROPHS cannot make their own food like Autotrophs(Plants). They must get their nutrition from their surrounding environment.
HETEROTROPHS cannot make their own food like Autotrophs(Plants). They must get their nutrition from their surrounding environment. 1 Heterotrophic organisms are most bacteria, some protists, and ALL fungi
More informationThe function of the digestive system is to break down
Curriculum Set #3 The function of the digestive system is to break down food into its components for use by the body. This is accomplished both mechanically and chemically. Mechanical digestion changes
More informationCIE Biology GCSE 7: Human nutrition
CIE Biology GCSE 7: Human nutrition Notes Humans need many different nutrients to survive. To receive these nutrients in the correct quantities, a balanced diet must be eaten. A balanced diet includes
More information