Muscles of the Upper Limb
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- Joanna Butler
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1 Muscles of the Upper Limb anterior surface of ribs 3 5 coracoid process Pectoralis minor pectoral nerves protracts / depresses scapula Serratus anterior Subclavius ribs 1-8 long thoracic nerve rib medial border of scapula rotates scapula laterally inferior surface of scapula stabilizes / depresses pectoral girdle (Lateral view) (anterior view) Trapezius Levator scapulae occipital bone / spinous processes of C 7 T 12 acromion / spine of scapula; lateral third of clavicle accessory nerve stabilizes / elevates / retracts / rotates scapula transverse processes of C 1 C 4 upper medial border of scapula dorsal scapular nerve elevates / adducts scapula 1
2 spinous processes of C 7 T 5 Rhomboids (major / minor) dorsal scapular nerve sternum / clavicle / ribs 1 6 Pectoralis major dorsal scapular nerve medial border of scapula adducts / rotates scapula intertubucular sulcus / greater tubercle flexes / medially rotates / adducts arm Deltoid Latissimus dorsi acromion / spine of scapula; lateral third of clavicle deltoid tuberosity axillary nerve abducts arm spinous processes of T7 L5; ribs 9 12; iliac crest of os coxae intertubercular groove thoracodorsal nerve extends / adducts arm Subscapularis Supraspinatus subscapular fossa lesser tubercle subscapular nerve rotates arm medially supraspinous fossa greater tubercle suprascapular nerve abducts arm 2
3 Infraspinatus Teres minor infraspinous fossa greater tubercle suprascapular nerve rotates arm laterally lateral border of scapula greater tubercle subscapular nerve rotates arm laterally Teres major Coracobrachialis inferior border of scapula lesser tubercle subscapular nerve rotates arm medially; adducts arm coracoid process medial shaft of humerus musculocutaneous nerve flexes / adducts arm Triceps brachii Anconeus below glenoid cavity of scapula; posterior shaft of humerus olecranon process (ulna) extends forearm olecranon process (ulna) extends forearm 3
4 Biceps brachii Brachialis coracoid process / body radial tuberosity (radius) musculocutaneous nerve flexes forearm anterior face of distal humerus coronoid process (ulna) musculocutaneous nerve flexes forearm Brachioradialis Pronator teres styloid process (radius) flexes forearm medial epicondyle ; coronoid process (ulna) lateral shaft of radius pronates forearm (Anterior / Lateral view) Flexor carpi radialis Palmaris longus medial epicondyle metacarpals 2 3 flexes / abducts wrist medial epicondyle palmar aponeurosis tenses skin of palm 4
5 Flexor carpi ulnaris Flexor digitorum superficialis medial epicondyle ; olecranon process (ulna) pisiform / hamate of carpals ulnar nerve flexes / adducts wrist medial epicondyle ; coronoid process (ulna); shaft of radius middle phalanges 2-5 flexes wrist / fingers coronoid process / anteriolmedial surface (ulna) distal phalanges 2-5 ulnar / s flexes wrist / fingers Flexor digitorum profundus anterior surface of radius distal phalanx of thumb flexes thumb Flexor pollicis longus distal surface of anterior ulna distal surface of anterior radius pronates forearm Pronator quadratus metacarpals 2-3 extends / abducts wrist Extensor carpi radialis (Posterior / Lateral view) 5
6 Extensor digitorum Extensor carpi ulnaris distal phalanges 2 5 extends fingers metacarpal 5 extends / adducts wrist Supinator Abductor pollicis longus ; proximal end of ulna proximal end of radius suppinates forearm posterior surface of radius / ulna metacarpal 1; trapezium of carpals abducts / extends thumb (Anterior / Lateral view) dorsal shaft of radius / ulna proximal / distal ends of phalange 1 extends thumb Extensor pollicis Extensor indicis posterior surface of distal ulna phalange 2 extends index finger 6
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