Monday, June 3, 13 MEN S HEALTH

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Prudence Davis
6 years ago
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1 MEN S HEALTH

2 MENTAL HEALTH

3 STRESS Quick review: Stress if fundamental, normal, and a part of our response to threat Fight or Flight - produces a state of physical and psychological arousal mind is more vigilant pupils widen breathing speeds lungs widen heart beats faster moor blood flow blood is diverted to muscle

4 STRESS Metabolism Adrenaline & Cortisone are pumped into the blood Insulin levels fall, blood sugar level rises clotting system is activated to stop wounds

5 STRESS Stress and health Stress can be good or bad.. Good if it helps get you pumped to meet a challenge Bad if it is triggered inappropriately, or excessively prolonged Excess stress causes exhaustion and illness ACUTE STRESS REACTIONS - triggered by traumatic events (accidents) ADJUSTMENT REACTIONS - triggered by more chronic life events (financial problems)

6 ANXIETY Anxiety There is a difference between stress and anxiety... Stress is the body s response to an external threat Anxiety is the response to an internal stimulus. Stress can be good or bad, anxiety is always bad. 8% of men deal with persistent and disruptive anxiety in their life. Most cases last for six months...

7 GAD Generalized anxiety disorder - excessive and uncontrollable worrying, usually far out of proportion to the likelihood of the feared event worry lasts for at least six months, accompanied by physical symptoms muscle tension and aches hypervigilance irritability shakiness dry mouth light headedness excessive sweating intestinal complaints

8 PTSD Post Traumatic Stress Disorder a severe anxiety disorder with characteristic symptoms that can develop after the direct experience of an extremely traumatic stressor such as the threat of a violent death or serious injury

10 PTSD Criteria: A.) React with intense fear, helplessness, or horror to a traumatic event B.) Persistent re-experiencing of the traumatic event C.) Continuing avoidance of reminders or the precipitating stressor, accompanied by a numbing of general responsiveness Those at high risk Military personnel victims of natural disasters concentration camp survivors victims of violent crimes Generals and PTSD:

PANIC ATTACK Panic attack - periods of intense fear or apprehension that are of sudden onset and of variable duration from minutes to hours, in absence of real danger Sufferers

11 PANIC ATTACK Panic attack - periods of intense fear or apprehension that are of sudden onset and of variable duration from minutes to hours, in absence of real danger Sufferers often report: sense of dying going crazy experiencing a heart attack flashing vision feeling faint or nauseated numb sensation throughout the body heavy breathing losing control

12 PANIC ATTACK Common symptoms: shortness of breath heart palpitation chest pain hot flashes/cold flashes burning and tingling sensations sweating nausea dizziness light headedness Panic disorder: mental disorder characterized by recurrent, unexpected panic attacks along with concern about having another attack

13 SOCIAL ANXIETY Social anxiety disorder - intense fear in social situations, causing considerable distress and impaired ability to function in at least some parts of daily life.

14 SOCIAL ANXIETY Cognitive: overly self conscious pay high attention after the activity high performance standards According to the social psychology theory of self-presentation, a sufferer attempts to create a well-mannered impression towards others but believes he or she is unable to do so. Sufferers may deliberately review what could go wrong and how to deal with each unexpected case. After the event, they may have the perception that they performed unsatisfactorily. Consequently, they will review anything that may have possibly been abnormal or embarrassing. These thoughts do not simply terminate soon after the encounter, but may extend for weeks or longer

15 SOCIAL ANXIETY Behavioral: People who suffer from this disorder may behave a certain way or say something and then feel embarrassed or humiliated after. As a result, they choose to isolate themselves from society to avoid such situations They may also feel uncomfortable meeting people they do not know, and act distant when they are with large groups of people. In some cases they may show evidence of this disorder by avoiding eye contact or blushing when someone is talking to them. Major avoidance behaviors could include an almost pathological/compulsive lying behavior in order to preserve self-image and avoid judgement in front of others. Minor avoidance behaviors are exposed when a person avoids eye contact and crosses his/her arms to avoid recognizable shaking

16 SOCIAL ANXIETY Physiological: Same physiological response as in other anxiety disorders tears sweating nausea difficulty breathing shaking palpitations blushing

17 PHOBIA Phobia - intense and irrational fear of an activity, situation, or object, exposure to which evokes immediate anxiety. Realization that fear is unreasonable but cannot help it. Often phobias can interfere with lives:! agoraphobia! social phobia Maury, birds, and mustard (22:43): v=3mqwfjfvo6k

18 OCD Obsessive compulsive disorder - persistent, intrusive thoughts, impulses or images that cause intense anxiety or distress. To control these thoughts, person develops compulsions - repetitive behaviors performed to reduce anxiety Chad and OCD:

19 ANGER Our culture is against males expressing their feelings and emotions - except for anger. It tolerated, accepted, and even encouraged. Anger damages relationships and work. Also, it can lead to heart problems...

20 ANGER Men with the highest levels of anger (according to one test and study) had the greatest risk for developing heart disease - 3times more heart disease than men who were least angry. Education Anger was less likely to trigger heart attacks in the well-education For those who never completed high school, anger increased risk of heart attack by 3.3 time For those with some college: 1.6 times

DEPRESSION Excessive, maladaptive response to a loss or other setback, and the loss itself may be a matter of personal perception rather than an actual life even.

21 DEPRESSION Excessive, maladaptive response to a loss or other setback, and the loss itself may be a matter of personal perception rather than an actual life even. Common Symptoms depressed mood loss of interest or please in all or most activities significant weight loss or gain or change in appetite insomnia, hypersomnia, disturbance in sleep pattern agitated or slow body movement fatigue or loss of energy feelings of worthlessness or excessive guilt diminished ability to think, impaired concentration, indecisiveness recurrent thoughts of death, ideas about suicide, or a suicide plan or attempt Major depressive disorder: on or more episodes, with at least five of the nine symptoms, lasting for at least 2 weeks

23 DEPRESSION Psychotic depression -deep depression accompanied by the thought disorders characteristic of psychosis Mind - body connection Almost all depressed patients experience physical symptoms, also some physical illnesses can cause depression. 10% of all depressions stems from medical illness 25% of patients with serious chronic medical problems become depressed. Treatment Medications Therapy Exercise

24 OTHERS Dysthymia - less severe than major depression, low-grade condition that lasts for years - often mistaken for pessimism. Adjusted disorder with depressed mood - triggered by major life stress or loss Seasonal affective disorder - depression dependent on seasons usually begins in the fall and resolves in the spring. In addition to depression symptoms, also includes overeating, weight gain, and excessive sleeping

inflated self importance racing thoughts accelerated speech may not sleep for

25 BI POLAR Often alternating manic and depressive episodes Manic episode: period with abnormally elevated mood energetic, or irritable grandiose, inflated self importance racing thoughts accelerated speech may not sleep for days may not be aware that they are ill manic:

SCHIZOPHRENIA Characterized by delusions (distortions in thought, not being able to determine what is real), hallucinations, disorganized speech, emotional

Most develop the illness by their late teens/early 20 s Different types: Paranoid - delusions or auditory hallucination voices Disorganized - thought

26 SCHIZOPHRENIA Characterized by delusions (distortions in thought, not being able to determine what is real), hallucinations, disorganized speech, emotional withdrawal, and bizarre behavior. Most develop the illness by their late teens/early 20 s Different types: Paranoid - delusions or auditory hallucination voices Disorganized - thought disorder and flat affect Catatonic - immobile, or agitated purposeless movement Undifferentiated - psychotic symptoms only Residual - low intensity of symptoms Gerald and schizophrenia: Catatonic type:

27 SOCIAL NETWORKS Men benefit from intact, supportive marriage... 30% more likely to die from prostate cancer if unmarried, than if married Unmarried men have twice the mortality rate than married men Marital cohesion protects against hypertension Divorce doubles the rate of suicide increases rate of illness during first year of separation Attending religious services lower blood pressure longer survival Attending concerts Attending concerts and plays rarely or never 2.8 times more likely to die than those who go regularly Occasional goers 1.6 times more likely

28 ISOLATION Men with the fewest social ties had the highest risk of dying from heart disease, circulatory ailments, and cancer Isolation has the highest impact on the heart, also has impact on cognitive decline

MEMORY Normal memory The brain has about 100 billion nerve cells, and about 100 trillion interconnections (SYNAPSES) Electrical impulses transmit via NEUROTRANSMITTERS - chemical

29 MEMORY Normal memory The brain has about 100 billion nerve cells, and about 100 trillion interconnections (SYNAPSES) Electrical impulses transmit via NEUROTRANSMITTERS - chemical signals that pass from one neuron to another and send special messages Acetylcholine - memory Serotonin - well being and happiness Dopamine - pleasure and reward Endorphin - pain blocker

30 MEMORY Brain anatomy Hippocampus - long term memory Frontal lobe - short term memory Always on, consumes up to 70% of the body s glucose consumption

31 MEMORY Normal forgetting As we age, the brain shrinks about 10% - CEREBRAL SPINAL FLUID makes up for the difference Brain cells die everyday - new research shows that you can add new brain cells

32 DEMENTIA Dementia - sever cognitive impairment Rare in younger people. By 65, the prevalence increases with age. By 85, 16-35% of Americans suffer dementia - and half due to Alzheimer's. Symptoms: memory problems inability to learn, reason, retain, or recall the past loss of patterns of thoughts, feelings, and activities

33 DEMENTIA causes Drug toxicity Substance abuse Depression Thyroid disease Vitamin b12 deficiency Metabolic derangements Anatomical abnormalities hydrocephalus subdural hematoma

34 ALZHEIMER S most common form of dementia with no cure and worsens as it progresses, eventually leading to death. Characteristics include: NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLES and NEURITIC PLAQUES - initially scare and scattered, they progressively increase in number and size until they destroy nerve cells Hippocampus is hit the hardest.

ALZHEIMER S How do they form? Nerve cells produce AMYLOID PRECURSOR PROTEIN (APP), which protrude from nerve cells. Normally, they are harmless until they are cut off of the nerve by enzymes.

35 ALZHEIMER S How do they form? Nerve cells produce AMYLOID PRECURSOR PROTEIN (APP), which protrude from nerve cells. Normally, they are harmless until they are cut off of the nerve by enzymes. This releases a small sticky fragment BETA-AMYLOID. The build up of beta-amyloid is toxic to cells. It interferes with nerve function, blocking the production and release of ACETYLCHOLINE (memory). Beta Amyloid eventually destroys the nerve cell itself.

36 ALZHEIMER S Risk Factors Genetic abnormalities on six different chromosomes Impaired blood flow to brain Serious head injury High systolic blood pressure high cholesterol low levels of vitamin b12 and folic acid Exercise, use of cholesterol lowering drugs, and aspirin, all reduce risk.

37 ALZHEIMER S Symptoms Early Stage minor short term memory loss forgetting that memory lapses happen slight change confusion in situations outside of the familiar

38 ALZHEIMER S Middle Stage Difficulty remembering recently learned information Confusion in many circumstances More aggressive or passive personality Some loss of self-awareness

39 ALZHEIMER S Late Stage Speech impairment Repeatedly initiating the same conversation Debilitating cognitive deficit More abusive, anxious, or paranoid simulation: experience-12-minutes-in-alzheimers-on.html#more

40 PARKINSON S degenerative disorder of the central nervous system. The motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease result from the death of dopamine-generating cells the cause of this cell death is unknown - however it is probably due to a mutation in specific genes.

41 PARKINSON S Who gets it Those with a close relative with PD Men Old age Exposure to certain herbicide and pesticides

PARKINSON S Symptoms Motor: Tremor - most apparent and well known Rigidity - stiffness and resistance to limb movement due to increased muscle tone Slowness of movement - difficulty along the whole

42 PARKINSON S Symptoms Motor: Tremor - most apparent and well known Rigidity - stiffness and resistance to limb movement due to increased muscle tone Slowness of movement - difficulty along the whole course of movement process Postural instability - impaired balance and falls Festination - rapid shuffling of steps and forward flex posture while walking Parkinson s gait:

COUPLE & FAMILY INSTITUTE OF TRI-CITIES AMEN ADULT GENERAL SYMPTOM CHECKLIST

COUPLE & FAMILY INSTITUTE OF TRI-CITIES AMEN ADULT GENERAL SYMPTOM CHECKLIST Please rate yourself on each symptom listed below. Please use the following scale: 0--------------------------1---------------------------2--------------------------3--------------------------4