Human Anatomy & Physiology

Transcription

1 Human Anatomy & Physiology Hey I thought those were the same thing! Nope they ain t Anatomy-Where everything is and to what it is connected. Physiology-How all that stuff works to keep you alive! Morphology-How structures are related to each other.

2 We ll be covering NINE systems, but there s sooooo much more! 1. Circulatory 2. Respiratory 3. Digestive 4. Nervous 5. Muscular 6. Skeletal 7. Immune 8. Endocrine 9. Excretory

3 Let s Start with an Overview of each. Here s how we ll do it #. The name of the system. a)the major function. b)the major organs, tissues, and or fluids. A cool picture well one that I think is cool you may prefer another that s your prerogative of course.

4 1. Circulatory System a) Move oxygen, nutrients, wastes, hormones, electrolytes, and anything else that needs to travel through the body to wherever it needs to go. b) Heart, arteries, veins, capillaries, blood.

5 2.Respiratory System a) Exchanges oxygen (in) and carbon dioxide (out) with the atmosphere. b) Mouth, nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, lungs, bronchi, alveoli, diaphragm.

6 3. Digestive System a) Break down food and absorb nutrients for transport in the blood for use by the body for energy, growth, and cell repair. b) Mouth, teeth, esophagus, stomach, duodenum, small and large intestine, rectum, anus, gall bladder, pancreas, liver.

7 4. Nervous System a) Control and communication. It transmits nerve impulses throughout the body. This can be voluntary (you think about it and do it) or involuntary (when s the last time you thought, Gee I really oughta tell my heart to beat again. ) b) Central Nervous System: Brain, spinal cord, nerves. Peripheral Nervous System: sensory neurons, ganglia, and other nerves.

8 5. Muscular System a) Movement! This system is about moving things from the blood within to the entire organism. b) There are like 700 muscles +/-; you wanna name them? Ohhh ok. Let s do this instead smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, skeletal muscle, ligaments, and tendons.

9 6. Skeletal System a) Support and protection! This system protects the soft tissues and organs, and it provides attachment point for the muscles (via tendons) and ligaments. You knew that what you may not have known is that it also makes red and white blood cells. b) 206 of these; you wanna name them too? What are ya skeerd? Okay back-up plan...types by shape: long, short, flat, irregular, sesamoid. Type by construction: compact and spongy bone. Also red and yellow marrow.

10 7. Immune System a) Protection from foreign invaders! This system is a collection of sorts. Of what? Well cells, tissues, organs processes even. This system has to tell the difference between stuff that s supposed to be there and stuff that ain t. If it ain t there is a programmed response that is activated and the system goes to war! b) Well there s quite a list, but here s some stuff: White blood cells (phagocytes and lymphocytes), thymus, spleen, bone marrow, lymph tissue, lymph nodes, lymphatic fluid, skin, mucous membranes, and tonsils.

11 8. Endocrine System a) Controls growth, metabolism, behavior, sleep, and sexual function by sending chemical signals (hormones) throughout the body! b) Glands and tissues (and associated hormones) such as: thyroid, parathyroid, thymus, pituitary, adrenals, pineal, testes, ovaries, hypothalamus. Additionally there are organs and glands in other systems that secrete hormones.

12 9. Excretory System a) You know the whole Nutrients in-wastes Out thing we talked about? Well which part you reckon this is? Yup poop pee sweat CO 2 all-o-dat gotz t go! b) Kidneys, bladder, ureter, urethra, large intestine, rectum, anus, skin, lungs, mouth, and nose.

13