Al s 202 study guide answers Answers Respiratory System 1 External nares (nostrils) 33 Carina 2 Vestibule 34 Left primary bronchus 3 Nasal cavity 35

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1 Trachea & Respiratory Histology 1 Epiglottis 26 Capillary 2 Larynx 27 Alveolar sac 3 Thyroid cartilage 28 Alveoli/Alveolus 4 Cricoid cartilage 29 Basement membrane 5 Vocal folds (True vocal cords) 30 Cilia 6 Ventricular folds (False vocal cords) 31 Alveolar macrophage 7 Trachea 32 Tracheal glands 8 Hyoid bone 33 Simple squamous epithelium 9 Arytenoid cartilage 34 Wet spirometer 10 Corniculate cartilage 35 Lung capacity 11 Tracheal cartilage 36 In milliliters (ml) 12 Thyrohyoid ligament ml 13 Cricothyroid ligament 38 Tidal volume (TV) 14 Trachealis muscle 39 Inspiratory reserve volume (IRV) 15 Thyroid gland 40 Expiratory reserve volume (ERV) 16 Ciliated pseudostratified columnar 41 Residual volume (RV) epithelium 17 Lamina propria 42 Inspiratory capacity (IC) 18 Submucosa 43 Vital capacity (VC) 19 Perichondrium 44 Total lung capacity (TLC) 20 Hyaline cartilage ml = IC 21 Lumen ml = VC 22 Trachea ml = TLC 23 Lacunae 48 Able to hold breath longer 24 Chondrocyte 49 Deglutition apnea 25 Arteriole 1

2 Respiratory System 1 External nares (nostrils) 33 Carina 2 Vestibule 34 Left primary bronchus 3 Nasal cavity 35 Left secondary bronchus 4 Nasal septum 36 Right primary bronchus 5 Superior nasal conchae 37 Right secondary bronchus 6 Middle nasal conchae 38 Tertiary (segmental) bronchi 7 Inferior nasal conchae 39 Terminal bronchioles 8 Superior nasal meatus 40 Alveolar (air) sacs 9 Middle nasal meatus 41 Alveoli 10 Inferior nasal meatus 42 Right lung superior lobe 11 Opening to eustachian tube 43 Right lung middle lobe 12 Palatine tonsils 44 Right lung inferior lobe 13 Lingual tonsils 45 Left lung superior lobe 14 Pharyngeal tonsils 46 Left lung inferior lobe 15 Nasopharynx 47 Diaphragm 16 Oropharynx 48 Central tendon 17 Oral cavity 49 Esophageal hiatus 18 Fauces 50 Aortic opening 19 Laryngopharynx 51 Inferior vena cava opening 20 Hard palate 52 Cardiac notch 21 Soft palate 53 Apex of lung 22 Uvula 54 Hilus 23 Epiglottis 55 Base of lung 25 Larynx 56 Pleural cavity 26 Thyroid cartilage 57 Parietal pleura 27 Cricoid cartilage 58 Visceral pleura 28 Vocal folds (true vocal cords) 59 Hyoid bone 29 Ventricular folds (false vocal cords) 60 Esophagus 30 Trachea 61 Pulmonary arteriole 31 Frontal sinus 62 Pulmonary venule 32 Sphenoidal sinus 2

3 Tips: Best to test yourself on this twice, doing the models and plaques separately. 3

4 Digestive System Histology 1 Connective tissue 20 Alkaline mucus to neutralize acid from stomach 2 Duct 21 Intestinal pits 3 Mucus acini 22 Intestinal glands 4 Serous acini 23 Vein 5 Simple cubodial epithelium 24 Artery 6 Muscularis externa 25 Muscularis externa 7 Submucosa/Lamina propria 26 Lymph tissue/mucosa Associated Lymph Tissue (MALT)/ Peyer s Patches 8 Muscularis mucosa 27 Plicae circularis 9 Mucosa 28 Goblet cells 10 Gastric glands 29 Blood capillaries & lymph vessels/lacteal 11 Gastric pits 30 Simple columnar epithelium 12 Lumen 31 Blood capillaries 13 Parietal cells 32 Lacteal 14 Chief cells 33 Parietal cells 15 HCl & intrinsic factor 34 Chief cells 16 Pepsinogen 35 Mucus acini (+ HCl from parietal cell pepsin) 17 Muscularis externa 36 Serous acini 18 Brunner s gland 37 In salivary glands 19 Villi 4

5 Digestive System 1 Tooth 37 Left lobe of liver 2 Tongue 39 Hepatic portal vein 4 Esophagus 40 Inferior vena cava 17 Hard palate 41 Hepatic artery 18 Soft palate 42 Falciform ligament 19 Uvula 43 Small intestine 20 Stomach 44 Jejunum of small intestine 21 Cardiac orifice of stomach 45 Ileum of small intestine 22 Fundus of stomach 46 Ileocecal/Ileocaecal valve 23 Lesser curvature of stomach 47 Large intestine 24 Greater curvature of stomach 48 Ascending colon 25 Pyloric sphincter of stomach 49 Transverse colon 26 Rugae of stomach 50 Descending colon 27 Esophageal/Cardiac sphincter of stomach 51 Cecum/Caecum 28 Duodenum 52 Appendix 29 Pancreas 53 Taenia coli/colica 30 Spleen 54 Rectum 31 Liver 55 Anus 32 Gall bladder 56 Pancreatic duct 33 Cystic duct 57 Accessory pancreatic duct 34 Hepatic Duct 58 Duodenal papilla 35 Common bile duct 59 Splenic artery 36 Right lobe of liver 5

6 Digestive Plaques 1 Upper (Maxillary) teeth 41 Fundus 2 Lower (Mandibular) teeth 42 Body of stomach 3 Central incisors 43 Pyloris 4 Lateral incisors 44 Longitudinal muscle layer 5 Cuspids/Canines 45 Circular muscle layer 6 First premolar(bicuspid) 46 Oblique muscle layer 7 Second premolar (Bicuspid) 47 Rugae 8 First molar 48 Pyloric sphincter 9 Second molar 49 Duodenum 10 Third molar (Wisdom teeth) 50 Gallbladder 11 Rugae 51 Cystic duct 12 Hard palate 52 Common bile duct 13 Raphe 53 Hepatic duct 14 Soft palate 54 Plicae circularis 15 Uvula 55 Villus 16 Alveolar nerve 56 Vascular network 17 Alveolar artery 57 Lymphatic network 18 Alveolar vein 58 Simple columnar epithelium 19 Crown 59 Lacteal/Lymphatic vessel 20 Neck 60 Arteriole 21 Root 61 Venule 22 Enamel 62 Capillary network 23 Dentin 63 Goblet cells 24 Pulp cavity 64 Jejunum 25 Root canal 65 Ileum 26 Cementum 66 Ileocecal/Ileocaecal valve 27 Apical foramen 67 Cecum/Caecum 28 Gingiva (gum) 68 Appendix 29 Periodontal ligament 69 Ascending colon 30 Rim of alveolus 70 Right colic (hepatic) flexure 31 Alveolar bone of mandible 71 Transverse colon 32 Teeth 72 Left colic (splenic) flexure 33 Mouth/oral cavity 73 Descending colon 34 Tongue 74 Sigmoid colon 35 Parotid salivary gland 75 Taenia coli 36 Submandibular & sublingual salivary 76 Rectum gland 37 Pharynx 77 Haustra 38 Esophagus 78 Mesentery 39 Stomach 79 Great Omentum 40 Cardia 6